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Ndayambaje M, Wahnou H, Sow M, Chgari O, Habyarimana T, Karkouri M, Limami Y, Naya A, Oudghiri M. Exploring the multifaceted effects of Ammi visnaga: subchronic toxicity, antioxidant capacity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024; 87:150-165. [PMID: 38037686 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2289430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Ammi visnaga (A. visnaga) is an annual herb that has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments attributed to the presence of its bioactive compounds. The purpose of this study was to identify and examine the phytochemical properties of the hydroalcoholic extract of A. visnaga using in vitro and in vivo models. Our findings demonstrated that the extract contained a variety of beneficial components, including phenols, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, saponins, khellin, and visnagin. The total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content were 23.26 mg/GAE/g dry weight and 13.26 mg/GAE/g dry weight, respectively. In vitro tests demonstrated that the extract possessed antioxidant properties as evidenced by the ability to scavenge free radicals, including DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide (NO), phosphomolybdate, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Further, the extract was found to inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced hemolysis. In a 90-d in vivo study, female Wistar rats were administered 1 g/kg of A. visnaga extract orally resulting in a significant increase in total white blood cell count. Although morphological changes were observed in the liver, no marked alterations were noted in kidneys and spleen. In a female Swiss albino mice model of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, A. visnaga significantly inhibited extravasations of Evans blue at doses of 0.5 or 1 g/kg with inhibition percentages of 51 and 65%, respectively, blocking tissue necrosis. The extract also demonstrated potential immunomodulatory properties in mice by enhancing antibody production in response to antigens. In silico molecular docking studies demonstrated a strong affinity between khellin or visnagin and immunomodulatory proteins, NF-κB, p52, and TNF-α. These findings suggest that A. visnaga may be considered a beneficial antioxidant with immunomodulatory properties and might serve as a therapeutic agent to combat certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ndayambaje
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Marieme Sow
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Oumaima Chgari
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Youness Limami
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco
| | - Abdallah Naya
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mounia Oudghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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Müller J, Flindt J, Pollmann M, Saschenbrecker S, Borchardt-Lohölter V, Warnecke JM. Efficiency of CMV serodiagnosis during pregnancy in daily laboratory routine. J Virol Methods 2023; 314:114685. [PMID: 36709885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal acute primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the first trimester may cause severe long-term sequelae in newborns. For risk assessment, serological screening is routinely performed in pregnant women based on IgM, IgG and avidity tests using whole-virus antigen. A recent study evaluated the diagnostic value of recombinant protein-based ELISAs as second-line tests in pregnancy CMV screening, including anti-p52 IgM and anti-gB IgG as markers defining the early and late phase of infection, respectively. In the present study, these recombinant ELISAs were used as first-line screening tests in daily laboratory routine and compared to lysate-based assays with respect to [i] the number of conclusive results obtained with the initial sample and [ii] the underlying workload. METHODS 553 unselected routine serum samples from pregnant women were tested for anti-CMV IgM and IgG antibodies using lysate-based ELISAs and avidity testing. Anti-CMV IgM antibodies against recombinant p52 and anti-CMV IgG antibodies against recombinant glycoprotein B (gB) were also determined by ELISA. All assays were performed and interpreted according to the manufacturer's instructions. RESULTS For lysate-based IgM, IgG and avidity testing, 84.6 % of samples yielded conclusive results in a total of 1156 tests, while 15.4 % needed follow-up testing of a consecutive sample. Anti-p52 CMV IgM and anti-gB CMV IgG testing produced conclusive results for 92.8 % of samples in a total of 1026 tests, while 7.2 % samples required follow-up testing. CONCLUSIONS The first-line use of ELISAs measuring anti-p52 CMV IgM and anti-gB CMV IgG antibodies to test for maternal CMV infection increases the number of conclusive results derived from an initial serum sample while requiring a considerably lower number of tests compared to the lysate-based approach. For day-to-day routines in a diagnostic laboratory, this high efficiency of the recombinant testing approach has significant practical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Müller
- Limbach Labor MVZ Westmecklenburg GbR, Department of Infection Serology, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Juliane Flindt
- Limbach Labor MVZ Westmecklenburg GbR, Department of Infection Serology, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Marc Pollmann
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Sandra Saschenbrecker
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Viola Borchardt-Lohölter
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Jens M Warnecke
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG, Luebeck, Germany
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Abstract
The transcription regulators of the NF-κB family have emerged as a critical factor affecting the function of various adult tissues. The NF-κB family transcription factors are homo- and heterodimers made up of five monomers (p50, p52, RelA, cRel and RelB). The family is distinguished by sequence homology in their DNA binding and dimerization domains, which enables them to bind similar DNA response elements and participate in similar biological programs through transcriptional activation and repression of hundreds of genes. Even though the family members are closely related in terms of sequence and function, they all display distinct activities. In this review, we discuss the sequence characteristics, protein and DNA interactions, and pathogenic involvement of one member of family, NF-κB/p52, relative to that of other members. We pinpoint the small sequence variations within the conserved region that are mostly responsible for its distinct functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourisankar Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Vivien Ya-Fan Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.,Cancer Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
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Taxauer K, Hamway Y, Ralser A, Dietl A, Mink K, Vieth M, Singer BB, Gerhard M, Mejías-Luque R. Engagement of CEACAM1 by Helicobacterpylori HopQ Is Important for the Activation of Non-Canonical NF-κB in Gastric Epithelial Cells. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1748. [PMID: 34442827 PMCID: PMC8400456 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori infects half of the world's population and is a major risk factor for gastric cancer development. In order to attach to human gastric epithelial cells and inject the oncoprotein CagA into host cells, H. pylori utilizes the outer membrane protein HopQ that binds to the cell surface protein CEACAM, which can be expressed on the gastric mucosa. Once bound, H. pylori activates a number of signaling pathways, including canonical and non-canonical NF-κB. We investigated whether HopQ-CEACAM interaction is involved in activating the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. Different gastric cancer cells were infected with the H. pylori wild type, or HopQ mutant strains, and the activation of non-canonical NF-κB was related to CEACAM expression levels. The correlation between CEACAM levels and the activation of non-canonical NF-κB was confirmed in human gastric tissue samples. Taken together, our findings show that the HopQ-CEACAM interaction is important for activation of the non-canonical NF-κB pathway in gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Taxauer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Youssef Hamway
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Anna Ralser
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Alisa Dietl
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Karin Mink
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Klinikum Bayreuth, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Bernhard B. Singer
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Markus Gerhard
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Raquel Mejías-Luque
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; (K.T.); (Y.H.); (A.R.); (A.D.); (K.M.); (M.G.)
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Zhao Q, Coughlan KA, Zou MH, Song P. Loss of AMPKalpha1 Triggers Centrosome Amplification via PLK4 Upregulation in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082772. [PMID: 32316320 PMCID: PMC7216113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved sensor and modulator of cellular energy and redox, regulates cell mitosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms for AMPKα subunit regulation of chromosome segregation remain poorly understood. This study aimed to ascertain if AMPKα1 deletion contributes to chromosome missegregation by elevating Polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) expression. Centrosome proteins and aneuploidy were monitored in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from wild type (WT, C57BL/6J) or AMPKα1 homozygous deficient (AMPKα1−/−) mice by Western blotting and metaphase chromosome spread. Deletion of AMPKα1, the predominant AMPKα isoform in immortalized MEFs, led to centrosome amplification and chromosome missegregation, as well as the consequent aneuploidy (34–66%) and micronucleus. Furthermore, AMPKα1 null cells exhibited a significant induction of PLK4. Knockdown of nuclear factor kappa B2/p52 ameliorated the PLK4 elevation in AMPKα1-deleted MEFs. Finally, PLK4 inhibition by Centrinone reversed centrosome amplification of AMPKα1-deleted MEFs. Taken together, our results suggest that AMPKα1 plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity through the control of p52-mediated transcription of PLK4, a trigger of centriole biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | | | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (Q.Z.); (M.-H.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-413-6636
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Singh MK, Singh L, Chosdol K, Pushker N, Saini N, Meel R, Bakhshi S, Sen S, Kashyap S. Differential expression of p52 and RelB proteins in the metastatic and non-metastatic groups of uveal melanoma with patient outcome. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2969-82. [PMID: 31612319 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-03052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-canonical NFκB (NC-NFκB) pathway plays an influential role in metastasis, which promotes cancer proliferation and progression. The aim of the study was to examine the expression of NC-NFκB proteins and their correlation with clinicopathological factors associated with metastatic cases of uveal melanoma (UM) and with the patient outcome. METHOD Expression of NC-NFκB proteins (p52, RelB, and co-expression of p52/RelB) was evaluated in 75 formalin-fixed cases of uveal melanoma by immunohistochemistry. Validation of nuclear immunoreactivity was done by western blotting. Transcriptional status of NC-NFκB genes was assessed in 60 fresh tumor tissues by quantitative real-time PCR. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to determine the presence of native p52/RelB heterodimer in UM. Prognostic relevance was determined using Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS Immunohistochemical expression of p52, RelB, and their co-expression was observed in 81%, 68.7%, 56.2% of metastatic cases, respectively, while their expression was seen only in 38%, 33% and 30% of non-metastatic cases. Loss of BAP-1 was correlated with expression of p52 and RelB proteins. Co-immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the putative interaction of p52 with RelB protein in metastatic cases of uveal melanoma. Co-expression of p52/RelB and expression of p52 protein was significantly correlated with decreased metastasis-free survival (MFS) (p = 0.004; p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS) (p = 0.004; p = 0.032), while the RelB expression only correlated with reduced MFS (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our data showed that non-canonical NFκB proteins were significantly higher in metastatic cases and associated with poor outcome of the patients. Furthermore, the p52 protein could be used as a potential therapeutic biomarker for metastatic cases in uveal melanoma.
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D'Ignazio L, Batie M, Rocha S. TNFSF14/LIGHT, a Non-Canonical NF-κB Stimulus, Induces the HIF Pathway. Cells 2018; 7:E102. [PMID: 30096845 PMCID: PMC6116154 DOI: 10.3390/cells7080102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-canonical NF-κB signalling plays important roles in the development and function of the immune system but it also is deregulated in a number of inflammatory diseases. Although, NF-κB and HIF crosstalk has been documented, this has only been described following canonical NF-κB stimulation, involving RelA/p50 and the HIF-1 dimer. Here, we report that the non-canonical inducer TNFSF14/LIGHT leads to HIF induction and activation in cancer cells. We demonstrate that only HIF-2α is induced at the transcriptional level following non-canonical NF-κB activation, via a mechanism that is dependent on the p52 subunit. Furthermore, we demonstrate that p52 can bind to the HIF-2α promoter in cells. These results indicate that non-canonical NF-κB can lead to HIF signalling implicating HIF-2α as one of the downstream effectors of this pathway in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D'Ignazio
- Center for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK.
| | - Michael Batie
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZB, UK.
| | - Sonia Rocha
- Center for Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK.
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L697ZB, UK.
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Abstract
The NF-κB pathway is a critical regulator of immune responses and is often dysregulated in cancer. Two NF-κB pathways have been described to mediate these responses, the canonical and the noncanonical. While understudied compared to the canonical NF-κB pathway, noncanonical NF-κB and its components have been shown to have effects, usually protumorigenic, in many different cancer types. Here, we review noncanonical NF-κB pathways and discuss its important roles in promoting cancer. We also discuss alternative NF-κB-independent functions of some the components of noncanonical NF-κB signaling. Finally, we discuss important crosstalk between canonical and noncanonical signaling, which blurs the two pathways, indicating that understanding the full picture of NF-κB regulation is critical to deciphering how this broad pathway promotes oncogenesis.
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Zhou Y, Xu H, Ding Y, Lu Q, Zou MH, Song P. AMPKα1 deletion in fibroblasts promotes tumorigenesis in athymic nude mice by p52-mediated elevation of erythropoietin and CDK2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53654-53667. [PMID: 27449088 PMCID: PMC5288212 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor development. Accumulating evidence suggests that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor and redox modulator, is associated with cancer development. However, the effect of AMPK on tumor development is controversial, and whether AMPK affects tumor angiogenesis has not been resolved. We show that deletion of AMPKα1, but not AMPKα2, upregulates non-canonical nuclear factor kappa B2 (NF-κB2)/p52-mediated cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), which is responsible for the anchorage-independent cell growth of immortalized mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). Co-culture with AMPKα1 knockout MEFs (or their conditioned medium) enhances the migration and network formation of human microvascular endothelial cells, which is dependent on p52-upregulated erythropoietin (Epo). AMPKα1 deletion stimulates cellular proliferation of allograft MEFs, angiogenesis, and tumor development in athymic nu/nu mice, which is partly ameliorated by antibody-mediated Epo neutralization. Therefore, the AMPKα1-p52-Epo pathway may be involved in stromal fibroblast-mediated angiogenesis and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province on Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437100, China
| | - Hairong Xu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.,School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Qiulun Lu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ping Song
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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Motai Y, Takahashi M, Takachi T, Higuchi M, Hara T, Mizuguchi M, Aoyagi Y, Terai S, Tanaka Y, Fujii M. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax1 oncoprotein but not HTLV-2 Tax2 induces the expression of OX40 ligand by interacting with p52/p100 and RelB. Virus Genes 2016; 52:4-13. [PMID: 26739459 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1277-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a causative retrovirus of adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. Unlike HTLV-1, the same group of retrovirus HTLV-2 has not been found to be associated with these diseases. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 encode transforming proteins Tax1 and Tax2, and a few distinct activities of Tax1 from those of Tax2 have been proposed to contribute to the HTLV-1-specific pathogenesis of disease. One significant difference of Tax1 from Tax2 is the activation of transcription factor NF-κB2/p100/p52. We found that Tax1 but not Tax2 induces the expression of OX40 ligand (OX40L) in a human T-cell line. To induce the OX40L expression, Tax1 but not Tax2 was observed to interact with NF-κB2/p100/p52 and RelB and the distinct interaction activity was mediated by the Tax1 amino acid region of 225-232. In addition, Tax1 but not Tax2 or Tax1/225-232 interacted with p65, p50, and c-Rel; however, the interactions were much less than those noted with NF-κB2/p100/p52 and RelB. OX40L is a T-cell costimulatory molecule of the tumor necrosis factor family, and its signal plays a critical role in establishing adaptive immunity by inducing the polarized differentiation of T-cells to cells such as T helper type 2 and T follicular helper cells. Therefore, the present findings suggest that Tax1 might alter the immune response to HTLV-1 and/or differentiation of HTLV-1-infected T-cells via OX40L induction, thereby acting as a factor mediating the distinct phenotypes and pathogenesis of HTLV-1 from that of HTLV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Motai
- Divisions of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.,Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahashi
- Divisions of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Takayuki Takachi
- Division of Pediatrics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaya Higuchi
- Divisions of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Hara
- Divisions of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Mariko Mizuguchi
- Human Gene Sciences Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Aoyagi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujii
- Divisions of Virology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
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Abstract
The following, from the 12th OESO World Conference: Cancers of the Esophagus, includes commentaries on the evolution of low-grade squamous and glandular dysplasia to invasive carcinoma; the mutational spectra of Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma; the risk of p53-immunoreactive glandular dysplasia compared to non-immunoreactive mucosa for progression to cancer; the role of lectins in progression to adenocarcinoma; and the role of racemase immunoreactivity in the prediction of risk of adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry D Appelman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Zhao Q, Fu W, Jiang H, Du J, Zhang C, Xi H, Zhou F, Li R, Hou J. Clinicopathological implications of nuclear factor κB signal pathway activation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:524-31. [PMID: 25636172 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although abnormal activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), only a few studies have dealt with the relation of NF-κB activation to clinical outcomes in this disease. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of 147 consecutive DLBCL patients, examined paraffin-embedded tissues from 120 of them to identify the activation of the NF-κB pathway by using immunohistochemical staining, and performed an overall survival (OS) analysis. Expression of P-p65 and p52 was found in 30.0% (n = 36) and 35.8% (n = 43) of the patients, respectively. Coexpression of these factors was found in 16.7% (n = 14) of the cases. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to P-p65 and/or p52 expression: P-p65(+) only, p52(+) only, both P-p65(+) and p52(+), and both P-p65(-) and p52(-). The 3-year OS rates in the 4 groups were 51.3%, 68.3%, 34.6%, and 85.8%, respectively (P = .006). Univariate analysis showed that early stage (P = .032), low International Prognostic Index score (P = .001), less than 2 extranodal metastases (P = .014), complete remission with chemotherapy (P < .0001), germinal-center B-cell-like subtype (P = .049), Ki-67 < 75% (P = .017), and P-p65(-) (P = .002) or p52(-) (P = .031) were associated with longer 3-year OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that P-p65 expression was an independent prognostic factor for shorter OS (P = .032). In conclusion, NF-κB pathway activation markers P-p65 and p52 predict poor survival in DLBCL patients.
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Lee EK, Chae JH, Kang MS. Nuclear factor-κB2 represses Sp1-mediated transcription at the CD99 promoter. Mol Cells 2011; 32:555-60. [PMID: 22083306 PMCID: PMC3887681 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of the CD99 antigen on the surface of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cells via EBV LMP1-mediated NF-κB suppression of Sp1 transcriptional activity is known to be associated with the appearance of pathogenic Reed-Sternberg cells. Here, we show that in addition, EBV LMP1 heterologous NF-κB activators such as CD30 and CD40 repress the CD99 promoter, which contains multiple Sp1-binding sites but no NF-κB binding sites. In addition, NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) repressed the CD99 promoter while NIK kinase mutants and JNK inhibitory protein failed to do so. Of the NF-κB subunits, NF-κB2 (p52) alone or in combination with other Rel subunits consistently inhibited the CD99, while NF-κB1 (p50) showed a marginal repressive effect. Furthermore, while transfection of LMP1 repressed the CD99 promoter in wild-type or NF-κB1 deficient MEFs, the same repression was not observed in NF-κB2 (p52)-deficient MEFs, indicating that NF-κB2 (p52) is required for LMP1-mediated repression of the CD99 promoter. Consistently, basal activity of the CD99 promoter was significantly higher in IKKα(-/-) and IKKβ(-/-) MEFs, but not in IKKΓ(-/-) MEFs compared to the wild-type control MEFs. Sp1-binding sites were directly used in the repression, because a synthetic Sp1 reporter with 10 Sp1-binding sites from the CD99 promoter was repressed by LMP1 or p52 transfection. These data indicate that LMP1-mediated NF-κB2 exhibits the major inhibitory role in the transcription at the CD99 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Lee
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this study
| | - Ji Hye Chae
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
- These authors contributed equally to this study
| | - Myung-Soo Kang
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Saito T, Sasaki C, Rezanka L, Ghosh P, Longo D. p52-Independent nuclear translocation of RelB promotes LPS-induced attachment. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 391:235-41. [PMID: 19903458 PMCID: PMC2812576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The NF-kappaB signaling pathways have a critical role in the development and progression of various cancers. In this study, we demonstrated that the small cell lung cancer cell line (SCLC) H69 expressed a unique NF-kappaB profile as compared to other cancer cell lines. The p105/p50, p100/p52, c-Rel, and RelB protein and mRNA transcripts were absent in H69 cells but these cells expressed RelA/p65. The activation of H69 cells by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in the induction of RelB and p100 expression. The treatment also induced the nuclear translocation of RelB without the processing of p100 to p52. Furthermore, LPS-induced beta1 integrin expression and cellular attachment through an NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism. Blocking RelB expression prevented the increase in the expression of beta1 integrin and the attachment of H69. Taken together, the results suggest that RelB was responsible for the LPS-mediated attachment and may play an important role in the progression of some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saito
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - C.Y. Sasaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - L.J. Rezanka
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - P Ghosh
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - D.L. Longo
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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