1
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Gao L, Cai C, Li C, Mak CM. Numerical Analysis of the Mitigation Performance of a Buried PT-WIB on Environmental Vibration. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7666. [PMID: 37765723 PMCID: PMC10536162 DOI: 10.3390/s23187666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Environmental vibration pollution has serious negative impacts on human health. Among the various contributors to environmental vibration pollution in urban areas, rail transit vibration stands out as a significant source. Consequently, addressing this issue and finding effective measures to attenuate rail transit vibration has become a significant area of concern. An infilled trench can be arranged periodically along the propagation paths of the waves in the soil to attenuate vibration waves in a specific frequency range. However, the periodic infilled trench seems to be unsatisfactory for providing wide band gaps at low and medium frequencies. To improve the isolation performance of wave barriers at low to medium frequencies, a buried PT-WIB consisting of a periodic infilled trench and a wave impedance block barrier has been proposed in this paper. A three-dimensional finite element model has been developed to evaluate the isolation performance of three wave barriers. The influence of the PT-WIB's parameters on isolation performance has been analyzed. The results indicate that the combined properties of the periodic structure and the wave impedance block barrier can effectively achieve a wide attenuation zone at low and medium frequencies, enhancing the isolation performance for mitigating environmental vibration pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Chenzhi Cai
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Cheuk Ming Mak
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
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2
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Saddek AA, Lin TK, Chang WK, Chen CH, Chang KC. Metamaterials of Auxetic Geometry for Seismic Energy Absorption. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5499. [PMID: 37570201 PMCID: PMC10419852 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The propagation of earthquake energy occurs primarily through elastic waves. If the seismic force input to a structure can be directly reduced from the source, then the structure can be protected from seismic wave energy. Seismic metamaterials, regarded as periodic structures with properties different from conventional materials, use wave propagation characteristics and bandgaps to dissipate seismic wave energy. When the seismic wave is located in the bandgap, the transmission of seismic wave energy is effectively reduced, which protects the structure from the damage caused by seismic disturbance. In practical application, locating seismic frequencies below ten Hz is a challenge for seismic metamaterials. In the commonly used method, high-mass materials are employed to induce the effect of local resonance, which is not economically feasible. In this study, a lightweight design using auxetic geometry is proposed to facilitate the practical feasibility of seismic metamaterials. The benefits of this design are proven by comparing conventional seismic metamaterials with metamaterials of auxetic geometry. Different geometric parameters are defined using auxetic geometry to determine the structure with the best bandgap performance. Finite element simulations are conducted to evaluate the vibration reduction benefits of auxetic seismic metamaterials in time and frequency domains. Additionally, the relationship between the mass and stiffness of the unit structure is derived from the analytical solution of one-dimensional periodic structures, and modal analysis results of auxetic metamaterials are verified. This study provides seismic metamaterials that are lightweight, small in volume, and possess low-frequency bandgaps for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdalfatah Saddek
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan; (A.A.S.)
| | - Tzu-Kang Lin
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan; (A.A.S.)
| | - Wen-Kuei Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan; (A.A.S.)
| | - Chia-Han Chen
- National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taipei 106219, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Chang
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
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3
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Wang C, Liu D, Zhang Y, Jing W, Wang S, Han F, Mao Q, Wang Y, Zhang P, Jiang Z. High-Efficiency and Reliable Value Geometric Standard: Integrated Periodic Structure Reference Materials. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1550. [PMID: 37630086 PMCID: PMC10456271 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Integrated periodic structure reference materials are crucial for calibration in optical instruments and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), yet they face limitations concerning a restricted measurement range, a single pattern type, and a single calibration parameter. In this study, we address these challenges by developing integrated periodic structure reference materials with an expanded measurement range, diverse pattern types, and multiple calibration parameters through a combination of photolithography and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching process. These reference materials facilitate high-efficiency and multi-value calibration, finding applications in the calibration of optical instruments and micro-CT systems. The simulations were conducted using MATLAB (R2022b) to examine the structure-morphology changes during the single-step ICP etching process. The variation rules governing line widths, periods, etching depths, and side wall verticality in integrated periodic structure reference materials were thoroughly evaluated. Linewidths were accurately extracted utilizing an advanced image processing algorithm, while average period values were determined through the precise Fast Fourier Transform method. The experimental results demonstrate that the relative errors of line widths do not exceed 17.5%, and the relative errors of periods do not exceed 1.5%. Furthermore, precise control of the etching depth was achieved, ranging from 30 to 60 μm for grids with line widths 2-20 μm. The side wall verticality exhibited remarkable consistency with an angle of 90° ± 0.8°, and its relative error was found to be less than 0.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Wang
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Q.M.)
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Di Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Weixuan Jing
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Q.M.)
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Feng Han
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Q.M.)
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Qi Mao
- School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Q.M.)
| | - Yonglu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- The Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), School of Material Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - Zhuangde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (D.L.); (S.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.J.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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4
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Kubacka E, Ostrowski P. Influence of Composite Structure on Temperature Distribution-An Analysis Using the Finite Difference Method. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5193. [PMID: 37512466 PMCID: PMC10383285 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Among composites, we can distinguish periodic structures, biperiodic structures, and structures with a functional gradation of material properties made of two or more materials. The selection of the composite's constituent materials and the way they are distributed affects the weight of the composite, its strength, and other properties, as well as the way it conducts heat. This work is about studying the temperature distribution in composites, depending on the type of component material and its location. For this purpose, the Tolerance Averaging Technique and the Finite Difference Method were used. Differential equations describing heat conduction phenomena were obtained using the Tolerance Averaging Technique, while the Finite Difference Method was used to solve them. In terms of results, temperature distribution plots were produced showing the effect of the structure of the composite on the heat transfer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kubacka
- Department of Structural Mechanics, Łódź University of Technology, 93-590 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Ostrowski
- Department of Structural Mechanics, Łódź University of Technology, 93-590 Łódź, Poland
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5
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Liu R, Cao L, Liu D, Wang L, Saeed S, Wang Z. Laser Interference Lithography-A Method for the Fabrication of Controlled Periodic Structures. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1818. [PMID: 37368248 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
A microstructure determines macro functionality. A controlled periodic structure gives the surface specific functions such as controlled structural color, wettability, anti-icing/frosting, friction reduction, and hardness enhancement. Currently, there are a variety of controllable periodic structures that can be produced. Laser interference lithography (LIL) is a technique that allows for the simple, flexible, and rapid fabrication of high-resolution periodic structures over large areas without the use of masks. Different interference conditions can produce a wide range of light fields. When an LIL system is used to expose the substrate, a variety of periodic textured structures, such as periodic nanoparticles, dot arrays, hole arrays, and stripes, can be produced. The LIL technique can be used not only on flat substrates, but also on curved or partially curved substrates, taking advantage of the large depth of focus. This paper reviews the principles of LIL and discusses how the parameters, such as spatial angle, angle of incidence, wavelength, and polarization state, affect the interference light field. Applications of LIL for functional surface fabrication, such as anti-reflection, controlled structural color, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), friction reduction, superhydrophobicity, and biocellular modulation, are also presented. Finally, we present some of the challenges and problems in LIL and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Liu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Liang Cao
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Lu Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Sadaf Saeed
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK
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6
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Kukhtenko EV, Lavrentev FV, Shilovskikh VV, Zyrianova PI, Koltsov SI, Ivanov AS, Novikov AS, Muravev AA, Nikolaev KG, Andreeva DV, Skorb EV. Periodic Self-Assembly of Poly(ethyleneimine)-poly(4-styrenesulfonate) Complex Coacervate Membranes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:polym15010045. [PMID: 36616395 PMCID: PMC9824353 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coacervation is a self-assembly strategy based on the complexation of polyelectrolytes, which is utilized in biomedicine and agriculture, as well as automotive and textile industries. In this paper, we developed a new approach to the on-demand periodic formation of polyelectrolyte complexes through a Liesegang-type hierarchical organization. Adjustment of reaction conditions allows us to assemble materials with a tunable spatiotemporal geometry and establish materials' production cycles with a regulated periodicity. The proposed methodology allows the membrane to self-assemble when striving to reach balance and self-heal after exposure to external stimuli, such as potential difference and high pH. Using chronopotentiometry, K+ ion permeability behavior of the PEI-PSS coacervate membranes was demonstrated. The periodically self-assembled polyelectrolyte nanomembranes could further be integrated into novel energy storage devices and intelligent biocompatible membranes for bionics, soft nanorobotics, biosensing, and biocomputing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipp V. Lavrentev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Polina I. Zyrianova
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Semyon I. Koltsov
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artemii S. Ivanov
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Novikov
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton A. Muravev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Daria V. Andreeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Ekaterina V. Skorb
- Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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7
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Yang Z, Gao L, Ren W, Zhang R, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Sun K, Jie Z, Jia Y. Study on Electromagnetic Performance of La 0.5Sr 0.5CoO 3/Al 2O 3 Ceramic with Metal Periodic Structure at X-Band. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:8147. [PMID: 36431641 PMCID: PMC9692617 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A radar absorbing material (RAM) is designed by combining the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic and the metal periodic structure. The phase constitution and the microscopic morphology of the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic are examined, respectively. The electrical properties and magnetic properties of the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic are also measured at the temperature range of 25~500 °C. Based on the experimental and simulation results, the changes in the reflection loss along with the structure parameters of RAM are analyzed at 500 °C. The analytical results show that the absorption property of the RAM increases with the increase in the temperature. When the thickness of the La0.5Sr0.5CoO3/Al2O3 ceramic is 1.5 mm, a reflection loss <−10 dB can be obtained in the frequency range from approximately 8.2 to 16 GHz. More than 90% microwave energy can be consumed in the RAM, which may be applied in the high temperature environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoning Yang
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Materials Research, AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Wei Ren
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Ruiduan Zhang
- Shaanxi Huaqin Technology Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Yangyang Chen
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
| | - Ziqi Jie
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yanmin Jia
- School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
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8
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Bacciaglia A, Ceruti A, Liverani A. Structural Analysis of Voxel-Based Lattices Using 1D Approach. 3D Print Addit Manuf 2022; 9:365-379. [PMID: 36660292 PMCID: PMC9831556 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2020.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight bioinspired structures are extremely interesting in industrial applications for their known advantages, especially when Additive Manufacturing technologies are used. Lattices are composed of axial elements called ligaments: several unit cells are repeated in three directions to form bodies. However, their inherent structure complexity leads to several problems when lattices need to be designed or numerically simulated. The computational power needed to capture the overall component is extremely high. For this reason, some alternative methodologies called homogenization methods were developed in the literature. However, following these approaches, the designers do not have a local visual overview of the lattice behavior, especially at the ligament level. For this reason, an alternative mono-dimensional (1D) modeling approach, called lattice-to-1D is proposed in this work. This method approximates the ligament element with its beam axis, uses the real material characteristics, and gives the cross-sectional information directly to the solver. Several linear elastic simulations, involving both stretching and bending dominated unit cells, are performed to compare this approach with other alternatives in the literature. The results show a comparable agreement of the 1D simulations compared with homogenization methods for real tridimensional (3D) objects, with a dramatic decrease of computational power needed for a 3D analysis of the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bacciaglia
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ceruti
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alfredo Liverani
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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9
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Ahmed Z, McEvoy P, Ammann MJ. A Wide Frequency Scanning Printed Bruce Array Antenna with Bowtie and Semi-Circular Elements. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E6796. [PMID: 33261220 DOI: 10.3390/s20236796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A printed edge-fed counterpart of the wire Bruce array antenna, for frequency scanning applications, is presented in this paper. The unit-cell of the proposed antenna consists of bowtie and semi-circular elements to achieve wide bandwidth from below 22 GHz to above 38 GHz with open-stopband suppression. The open-stopband suppression enables a wide seamless scanning range from backward, through broadside, to forward endfire. A sidelobe threshold level of −10 dB is maintained to evaluate efficient scanning performance of the antenna. The antenna peak realized gain is 15.30 dBi, and, due to its compact size, has the ability to scan from −64° to 76°.
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10
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Zhang C, Peng Y, Song Y, Li J, Yin F, Yuan Y. Periodic Three-Dimensional Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Spheres Embedded with Co/Co 3O 4 Nanoparticles toward Microwave Absorption. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:24102-24111. [PMID: 32352278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Although various bio-inspired materials with outstanding mechanical, acoustic, and optic properties have been developed, bio-inspired materials for microwave absorption applications are rarely reported. Herein, under the inspiration of the opal structure, for the first time, a kind of Co@Co3O4/nitrogen-doped (N-doped) mesoporous carbon sphere (Co@Co3O4/NMCS) with a periodic three-dimensional structure toward microwave absorption application was designed and synthesized. The microwave absorption performance was optimized with respect to the content of Co@Co3O4 nanoparticles. Co@Co3O4/NMCS with ∼20 wt % Co@Co3O4 achieves a reflection loss of -53.8 dB at 5.7 GHz. The simulated radar cross section demonstrated that the Co@Co3O4/NMCS can efficiently suppress the strong electromagnetic scattering from a metal groove structure, which further reveals its excellent absorbing performance. These periodic porous structures of N-doped mesoporous carbon spheres combined with the magnetic Co@Co3O4 nanoparticles contribute to the excellent microwave-absorbing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yue Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jianjun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Materials Laminating Fabrication and Interface Control Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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11
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Lesiak P, Bednarska K, Lewandowski W, Wójcik M, Polakiewicz S, Bagiński M, Osuch T, Markowski K, Orzechowski K, Makowski M, Bolek J, Woliński TR. Self-Organized, One-Dimensional Periodic Structures in a Gold Nanoparticle-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal Composite. ACS Nano 2019; 13:10154-10160. [PMID: 31433620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Composite structures exhibiting a periodic arrangement of building blocks can be found in natural systems at different length scales. Recreating such systems in artificial composites using the principles of self-assembly has been a great challenge, especially for 1D microscale systems. Here, we present a purposely designed composite material consisting of gold nanoparticles and a nematic liquid crystal matrix that has the ability to self-create a periodic structure in the form of a one-dimensional photonic lattice through a phase separation process occurring in a confined space. Our strategy is based on the use of a thermoswitchable medium that reversibly and quickly responds to both heating and cooling. We find that the period of the structure is strongly related to the size of the confining space. We believe that our findings will allow us to not only better understand the phase separation process in multicomponent soft/colloid mixtures with useful optical properties but also improve our understanding of the precise assembly of advanced materials into one-dimensional periodic systems, with prospective applications in future photonic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Lesiak
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Karolina Bednarska
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Wiktor Lewandowski
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Michał Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Sylwia Polakiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Maciej Bagiński
- Faculty of Chemistry , University of Warsaw , ul. Pasteura 1 , 02-093 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Tomasz Osuch
- Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems , Warsaw University of Technology , Nowowiejska 15/19 , 00-665 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Konrad Markowski
- Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems , Warsaw University of Technology , Nowowiejska 15/19 , 00-665 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Kamil Orzechowski
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Michał Makowski
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Jan Bolek
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
| | - Tomasz R Woliński
- Faculty of Physics , Warsaw University of Technology , Koszykowa 75 , 00-662 Warszawa , Poland
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Wu D, Zhang N, Mak CM, Cai C. Noise Attenuation Performance of a Helmholtz Resonator Array Consist of Several Periodic Parts. Sensors (Basel) 2017; 17:E1029. [PMID: 28471383 DOI: 10.3390/s17051029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The acoustic performance of the ducted Helmholtz resonator (HR) system is analyzed theoretically and numerically. The periodic HR array could provide a wider noise attenuation band due to the coupling of the Bragg reflection and the HR's resonance. However, the transmission loss achieved by a periodic HR array is mainly dependent on the number of HRs, which restricted by the available space in the longitudinal direction of the duct. The full distance along the longitudinal direction of the duct for HR's installation is sometimes unavailable in practical applications. Only several pieces of the duct may be available for the installation. It is therefore that this paper concentrates on the acoustic performance of a HR array consisting of several periodic parts. The transfer matrix method and the Bragg theory are used to investigate wave propagation in the duct. The theoretical prediction results show good agreement with the Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation results. The present study provides a practical way in noise control application of ventilation ductwork system by utilizing the advantage of periodicity with the limitation of available completed installation length for HRs.
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Jin Z, Wang Q, Zheng W, Cui X. Highly Ordered Periodic Au/TiO₂ Hetero-Nanostructures for Plasmon-Induced Enhancement of the Activity and Stability for Ethanol Electro-oxidation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:5273-5279. [PMID: 26863505 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic electro-oxidation of ethanol is the essential technique for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) in the area of alternative energy for the ability of converting the chemical energy of alcohol into the electric energy directly. Developing highly efficient and stable electrode materials with antipoisoning ability for ethanol electro-oxidation remains a challenge. A highly ordered periodic Au-nanoparticle (NP)-decorated bilayer TiO2 nanotube (BTNT) heteronanostructure was fabricated by a two-step anodic oxidation of Ti foil and the subsequent photoreduction of HAuCl4. The plasmon-induced charge separation on the heterointerface of Au/TiO2 electrode enhances the electrocatalytic activity and stability for the ethanol oxidation under visible light irradiation. The highly ordered periodic heterostructure on the electrode surface enhanced the light harvesting and led to the greater performance of ethanol electro-oxidation under irradiation compared with the ordinary Au NPs-decorated monolayer TiO2 nanotube (MTNT). This novel Au/TiO2 electrode also performed a self-cleaning property under visible light attributed to the enhanced electro-oxidation of the adsorbed intermediates. This light-driven enhancement of the electrochemical performances provides a development strategy for the design and construction of DAFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jin
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Cui
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, and Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of MOE, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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