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Xie SY, Shi DB, Ouyang Y, Lin F, Chen XY, Jiang TC, Xia W, Guo L, Lin HX. SHMT2 promotes tumor growth through VEGF and MAPK signaling pathway in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:3405-3421. [PMID: 35968337 PMCID: PMC9360240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells modulate their metabolic activities to adapt to their growth and proliferation. Despite advances in breast cancer biology having led to the widespread use of molecular targeted therapy and hormonal drugs, the molecular mechanisms in metabolism related to the regulation of breast cancer cell proliferation are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the possible role of SHMT2, a key enzyme in serine metabolism, in breast cancer. Firstly, SHMT2 is found highly expressed in both breast cancer cells and tissues, and patients with high expression of SHMT2 have a worse prognosis. Moreover, the intervention of SHMT2 by either knockdown or over-expression in vitro induces the effect on breast cancer proliferation. Mechanistically, RNA-seq shows that over-expression of SHMT2 affect multiple signaling pathways and biological process in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we confirm that SHMT2 promotes breast cancer cell growth through MAPK and VEGF signaling pathways. Finally, we verify the role of SHMT2 in promoting breast cancer growth in the xenograft tumor model. Our results indicate that SHMT2 plays a critical role in regulating breast cancer growth through MAPK, and VEGF signaling pathways, and maybe serve as a therapeutic target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yan Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding-Bo Shi
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Ouyang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Tong-Chao Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Xia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan-Xin Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Phosphatases of regenerating liver (PRL) are dual-specificity phosphatases and comprise three members, PRL-1, -2 and -3. Despite the importance of PRLs as oncoproteins, there is no consensus function for this family of phosphatases. In the current review paper, we summarize recent findings on the role of PRLs in metabolic regulation. RECENT FINDINGS Reprogramming of cellular metabolism is a cancer hallmark. Glucose is the major source of energy in cells. Glucose metabolism occurs through the glycolysis and can continue through the pathways such as serine synthesis pathway or the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). Magnesium (Mg2+), the second most abundant cation in cells, plays an essential role in energy production by acting as a cofactor for most enzymes involved in glycolysis and in TCA. Recent findings have shown that the PRL family has a role in metabolic reprogramming mediated by (1) Mg2+ homeostasis, (2) shifting the energy source preference to glucose consumption and fueling serine/glycine pathway and (3) regulating PI3 kinase/Mammalian target of rapamycin complex. Both the phosphatase and nonphosphatase activity of PRLs appear to be important for its oncogenic role. SUMMARY The PRL family contributes to the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and, thereby, allows cancer cells to meet the high metabolic demands required for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Abdollahi
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Laboratory Clinic
| | - Esten N. Vandsemb
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
| | - Magne Børset
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Duan LM, Liu JY, Yu CW, Fan JX, Li T, Yang JX, Zheng YB, Liu FC, He ZT, Yuan HL, Wu XH, Luo CL. PLCε knockdown prevents serine/glycine metabolism and proliferation of prostate cancer by suppressing YAP. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:196-210. [PMID: 32064161 PMCID: PMC7017741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic reprogramming is an important basis for the development of many tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa). Metabolic changes in many amino acids consist of serine and glycine affect the biological behavior of them. Phospholipase C epsilon (PLCε) plays an important role as an oncogene. However, its role in regulating amino acid metabolism remains unclear. In this study, results found significantly positive correlation between PLCε and Yes-associated protein (YAP) in PCa tissues. LC-MS/MS and GC-MS results further displayed abnormally elevated levels of serine, glycine and its some downstream metabolites in the blood of PCa patients. Secondly, PLCε knockdown can inhibit serine/glycine producing and proliferation of PCa both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, PLCε may affect the serine/glycine metabolism by regulating dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation of YAP. More interestingly, verteporfin (VP, a specific inhibitor of YAP) could effectively enhance the PLCε-depletion induced inhibition of serine/glycine secretion and growth. Overall, this research revealed the possibility of anomalous serine/glycine levels in the blood for the diagnosis of PCa, identified the important role of the PLCε/YAP axis in regulating serine/glycine metabolism, cell proliferation and tumor growth, and suggested the combination of VP with PLCε-depletion may provide a new idea for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Jia-Yu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Chao-Wen Yu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400014, China
| | - Jia-Xin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Jin-Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Yong-Bo Zheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Feng-Chun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhen-Ting He
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong-Ling Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Hou Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
| | - Chun-Li Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, China
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