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Huang SC, Chan YL, Cheng HT, Goh ZNL, Wong YC, Seak CK, Seak JCY, Li CH, Chen HY, Seak CJ. When a Rapid Accurate Diagnosis Changes Therapeutic Approach: Recognizing Acute Abdominal Pain with Ascites as a Possible Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2605. [PMID: 36359449 PMCID: PMC9689037 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multi-organ autoimmune disease which rarely presents with peritoneal involvement. As such, its diagnosis in the emergency department (ED) based on a clinical presentation of gastrointestinal symptoms is extremely challenging. Yet, reaching such a diagnosis in the ED is crucial for avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention and initiating early glucocorticoid therapy to maximise patient outcomes. Here, we report a case of newly diagnosed SLE in a 28-year-old lady who presented atypically and unusually with abdominal pain and ascites. She required extensive but methodical investigations, and was eventually diagnosed with lupus mesenteric vasculitis with underlying newly diagnosed SLE in the ED. The patient was promptly treated with methylprednisolone resulting in marked clinical improvement. Emergency physicians should be mindful of abdominal pain with ascites as an extremely rare but important clinical presentation of SLE. Early diagnosis and commencement of glucocorticoid therapy in these patients are crucial in halting disease progression and averting the need for surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Cheng Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Tsai Cheng
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
| | | | - Yon-Cheong Wong
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ken Seak
- Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching 93586, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | | | - Chih-Huang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chen-June Seak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
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Bijoor AR, Venkatesh T. Value of ascitic fluid cholesterol and serum-ascites albumin gradient in differentiating cirrhotic and malignancy related ascites. Indian J Clin Biochem 2001; 16:106-9. [PMID: 23105301 PMCID: PMC3453610 DOI: 10.1007/bf02867577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In a perspective study, the ascitic fluid and serum concentration of total cholesterol, total proteins and albumin in a group of 45 patients was studied. Patients with nonmalignant or cirrhotic ascites were compared with patients having malignancy related ascites and it was proved that the ascitic fluid cholesterol and the serum ascites albumin gradient helped to differentiate cirrhotic from malignant ascites. These two parameters showed a remarkable relationship to the presence/absence of malignancy. Non malignant ascites patients had ascitic fluid cholesterol values of 19.41±8.33 mg/dl, as against the malignancy related ascites patients, who showed levels of 95.87±1.24 mg/dl. Similarly, the serum-ascites albumin gradient levels were 2.89±0.65 in non malignant ascites patients, while the malignancy related ascites cases had 0.86±0.50. The discrimination values for cholesterol were taken as 45 mg/dl while that for serum ascites gradient was taken as 1.1. Levels of serum cholesterol, total protein and albumin were not significantly altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Bijoor
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, 560034 Bangalore
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