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Cojocariu I, Windischbacher A, Baranowski D, Jugovac M, Ferreira RCDC, Doležal J, Švec M, Zamalloa-Serrano JM, Tormen M, Schio L, Floreano L, Dreiser J, Puschnig P, Feyer V, Schneider CM. Surface-Mediated Spin Locking and Thermal Unlocking in a 2D Molecular Array. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2300223. [PMID: 37199683 PMCID: PMC10401090 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Molecule-based functional devices may take advantage of surface-mediated spin state bistability. Whereas different spin states in conventional spin crossover complexes are only accessible at temperatures well below room temperature, and the lifetimes of the high-spin state are relatively short, a different behavior exhibited by prototypical nickel phthalocyanine is shown here. Direct interaction of the organometallic complex with a copper metal electrode mediates the coexistence of a high spin and a low spin state within the 2D molecular array. The spin state bistability is extremely non-volatile, since no external stimuli are required to preserve it. It originates from the surface-induced axial displacement of the functional nickel cores, which generates two stable local minima. Spin state unlocking and the full conversion to the low spin state are only possible by a high temperature stimulus. This spin state transition is accompanied by distinct changes in the molecular electronic structure that might facilitate the state readout at room temperature, as evidenced by valence spectroscopy. The non-volatility of the high spin state up to elevated temperatures and the controllable spin bistability render the system extremely intriguing for applications in molecule-based information storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Cojocariu
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Elettra-Sincrotrone, S.C.p.A, S.S. 14 - km 163.5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Andreas Windischbacher
- Institute of Physics, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Daniel Baranowski
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Matteo Jugovac
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Elettra-Sincrotrone, S.C.p.A, S.S. 14 - km 163.5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | | | - Jiří Doležal
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha, 6 CZ 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10/112, Praha, 6 CZ 16200, Czech Republic
| | - Jorge Manuel Zamalloa-Serrano
- ESISNA Group, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Massimo Tormen
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14km 163,5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Luca Schio
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14km 163,5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Luca Floreano
- CNR-IOM, Lab. TASC, S.S. 14km 163,5, Trieste, 34149, Italy
| | - Jan Dreiser
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Peter Puschnig
- Institute of Physics, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Vitaliy Feyer
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, D-47048, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, D-47048, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Ludwig J, Moje T, Röhricht F, Herges R. Synthesis of 4-substituted azopyridine-functionalized Ni(II)-porphyrins as molecular spin switches. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2589-2597. [PMID: 33133290 PMCID: PMC7590622 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the synthesis and the spin switching efficiencies of Ni(II)-porphyrins substituted with azopyridines as covalently attached photoswitchable ligands. The molecules are designed in such a way that the azopyridines coordinate to the Ni ion if the azo unit is in cis configuration. For steric reasons no intramolecular coordination is possible if the azopyridine unit adopts the trans configuration. Photoisomerization of the azo unit between cis and trans is achieved upon irradiation with 505 nm (trans→cis) and 435 nm (cis→trans). Concurrently with the isomerization and coordination/decoordination, the spin state of the Ni ion switches between singlet (low-spin) and triplet (high-spin). Previous studies have shown that the spin switching efficiency is strongly dependent on the solvent and on the substituent at the 4-position of the pyridine unit. We now introduced thiol, disulfide, thioethers, nitrile and carboxylic acid groups and investigated their spin switching efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Ludwig
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Moje
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Fynn Röhricht
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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Ludwig J, Helberg J, Zipse H, Herges R. Azo-dimethylaminopyridine-functionalized Ni(II)-porphyrin as a photoswitchable nucleophilic catalyst. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2119-2126. [PMID: 32952728 PMCID: PMC7476594 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the synthesis and the photochemical and catalytic switching properties of an azopyridine as a photoswitchable ligand, covalently attached to a Ni(II)-porphyrin. Upon irradiation with 530 nm (green light), the azopyridine switches to the cis configuration and coordinates with the Ni2+ ion. Light of 435 nm (violet) isomerizes the ligand back to the trans configuration, which decoordinates for steric reasons. This so-called record player design has been used previously to switch the spin state of Ni2+ between singlet and triplet. We now use the coordination/decoordination process to switch the catalytic activity of the dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) unit. DMAP is a known catalyst in the nitroaldol (Henry) reaction. Upon coordination to the Ni2+ ion, the basicity of the pyridine lone pair is attenuated and hence the catalytic activity is reduced. Decoordination restores the catalytic activity. The rate constants in the two switching states differ by a factor of 2.2, and the catalytic switching is reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannis Ludwig
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, Kiel D-24098, Germany
| | - Julian Helberg
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5–13, 81377 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Butenandtstrasse 5–13, 81377 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 3-4, Kiel D-24098, Germany
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Zoppellaro G, Bakandritsos A, Tuček J, Błoński P, Susi T, Lazar P, Bad'ura Z, Steklý T, Opletalová A, Otyepka M, Zbořil R. Microwave Energy Drives "On-Off-On" Spin-Switch Behavior in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1902587. [PMID: 31379033 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The established application of graphene in organic/inorganic spin-valve spintronic assemblies is as a spin-transport channel for spin-polarized electrons injected from ferromagnetic substrates. To generate and control spin injection without such substrates, the graphene backbone must be imprinted with spin-polarized states and itinerant-like spins. Computations suggest that such states should emerge in graphene derivatives incorporating pyridinic nitrogen. The synthesis and electronic properties of nitrogen-doped graphene (N content: 9.8%), featuring both localized spin centers and spin-containing sites with itinerant electron properties, are reported. This material exhibits spin-switch behavior (on-off-on) controlled by microwave irradiation at X-band frequency. This phenomenon may enable the creation of novel types of switches, filters, and spintronic devices using sp2 -only 2D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Zoppellaro
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Department of Experimental Physics, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr Lazar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Bad'ura
- Department of Experimental Physics, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Steklý
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ariana Opletalová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Li F, Huang J, Wang J, Li Q. Spin-Transport Tuning of Individual Magnetic Mn-Salophen Molecule via Chemical Adsorption. Molecules 2019; 24:E1747. [PMID: 31064070 PMCID: PMC6539303 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over spin states at the single molecule level is a key issue in the emerging field of molecular spintronics. Here, we explore the chemical adsorption effect on the magnetic and spin-transport properties of individual magnetic molecule by performing extensive density functional theory calculations in combining with non-equilibrium Green's function method. Theoretical results clearly reveal that the molecular magnetic moment of Mn-salophen can be effectively tuned by adsorbing F and CO on the central Mn cation, while the adsorbed NO molecule quenches the molecular magnetic moment. Without chemical adsorption, the currents through Mn-salophen molecular junction just show a little distinction for two spin channels, which agrees well with previous investigation. Remarkably, the conductive channel can be switched from the spin-up electrons to the spin-down electrons via adsorbing F and CO, respectively, and the corresponding two Mn-salophen molecular junctions with chemical modifications display nearly perfect spin-filtering effect. The observed spin switch and the predicted spin-filtering effect via chemical adsorption indicates that Mn-salophen holds potential applications in molecular spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
| | - Qunxiang Li
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China.
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Tang H, Tarrat N, Langlais V, Wang Y. Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:2484-2491. [PMID: 29234584 PMCID: PMC5704758 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of the iron tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP) molecule in its deckchair conformation was investigated on Au(111), Ag(111) and Cu(111) surfaces by performing spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) calculations taking into account both van der Waals (vdW) interaction and on-site Coulomb repulsion. The deckchair conformation of the molecule favours intermolecular π-π-type interactions in a less densely packed monolayer than the saddle conformation. The activation barrier between the two stable magnetic states (high spin, S = 2 and intermediate spin, S = 1) of the molecule in vacuum disappears upon adsorption on the metal surfaces. The high-spin state of physisorbed FeTPP is stable on all adsorption sites. This result reveals that an external permanent element such as a STM tip or an additional molecule is needed to use FeTPP or similar molecules as model system for molecular spin switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Nathalie Tarrat
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Véronique Langlais
- CEMES/CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, P.O. Box 94347, 31055 Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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