1
|
Bernardi AV, Souza MT, Montedo ORK, Domingues FHF, Arcaro S, Kopper PMP. Impact of Particle Size on the Setting Behavior of Tricalcium Silicate: A Comparative Study Using ISO 6876 Indentation Testing and Isothermal Induction Calorimetry. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 11:36. [PMID: 38247913 PMCID: PMC10813003 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the impact of particle size on the setting behavior of tricalcium silicate powders. The setting behavior was evaluated using ISO 6876 indentation testing and isothermal induction calorimetry techniques. The objective was to compare the outcomes obtained from these methods and establish a correlation between particle size and setting characteristics. The cement pastes were manually mixed with a water-to-solid ratio of 0.66 for conducting indentation tests according to ISO 6876, while calorimetry measurements were performed using isothermal (conduction) calorimetry at room temperature. The findings demonstrate a significant influence of smaller particle sizes on accelerating the hydration process of cement pastes, resulting in a reduction of setting time by up to 24%. Moreover, the final setting times obtained through the indentation method closely approximate the inflection points of the acceleration curves acquired by calorimetry, with time deviations of less than 12% regardless of particle size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anarela Vassen Bernardi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (P.M.P.K.)
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Biomateriais e Materiais Nanoestruturados, Laboratório de Cerâmica Técnica (CerTec), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil; (O.R.K.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Marcelo Tramontin Souza
- Graduate Program in Science, Innovation and Modelling in Materials (PROCIMM), State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, Brazil
| | - Oscar Rubem Klegues Montedo
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Biomateriais e Materiais Nanoestruturados, Laboratório de Cerâmica Técnica (CerTec), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil; (O.R.K.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Felipe Henrique Fassina Domingues
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Sabrina Arcaro
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Biomateriais e Materiais Nanoestruturados, Laboratório de Cerâmica Técnica (CerTec), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, SC, Brazil; (O.R.K.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Patrícia Maria Poli Kopper
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil; (A.V.B.); (P.M.P.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ipek I, Karaağaç Eskibağlar B, Yildiz Ş, Ataş O, Ünal M. Analysis of the bond strength between conventional, putty or resin-modified calcium silicate cement and bulk fill composites. Aust Dent J 2023; 68:265-272. [PMID: 37665246 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of three different calcium silicate-based cements (CBCs) with two different bulk-fill composite resins (CRs). METHODS Plexiglas moulds with a diameter of 4 mm and a thickness of 2 mm were prepared (n = 60). The Biodentine, NeoPutty and MTA Cem LC samples were randomly divided into two subgroups containing 10 samples each. Surfaces of samples were air dried and Single Bond universal adhesive was applied. Cylindrical plastic capsules of 4 mm height and 2 mm inner diameter belonging to Filtek Bulk-fill and EverX Posterior CRs were centred on coating material and polymerized for 20 s. After shear bond strength (SBS) testing, all samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify failure patterns. Three samples, one from each group, were prepared to evaluate chemical composition of CBCs and examined with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for surface elemental analysis. RESULTS The values obtained from the tests were evaluated as statistically significant (P < 0.05). After SBS testing, the difference between all CBCs was statistically significant in both CRs. CONCLUSION According to the findings in this study, it was concluded that MTA Cem LC had highest SBS values in both CRs. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Ipek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - B Karaağaç Eskibağlar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Ş Yildiz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - O Ataş
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - M Ünal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krivoborodov YR, Samchenko SV, Korshunov AV, Kozlova IV, Alpacky DG. Increasing the Hydration Activity of Tricalcium Silicate by Adding Microdispersed Ettringite as a Nucleating Agent. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7078. [PMID: 38005008 PMCID: PMC10672073 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Tricalcium silicate (C3S) as a binder material has a decisive influence on the processes of hardening and strength gain of cements and concretes. One of the promising directions is the introduction of dispersed additives into cement mixtures, which allow micro-level control of the composition of hydration products and change the dynamics of the structure formation of cement stone. In this paper, the effect of a microdisperse ettringite additive on the kinetics of the hydration and hardening process of tricalcium silicate was studied. It was shown that ettringite crystals selectively adsorb Ca2+ and OH- ions from a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, which contributes to the formation of hydrosilicate nuclei on their surface during cement hydration. Hydration of C3S in the presence of ettringite proceeds more intensively; the addition of ettringite contributes to an increase in the content of calcium hydrosilicates in hydration products at the initial stage of the process. Addition of 10 wt.% ettringite to C3S reduces the induction period of the beginning of the main phase of heat release by around two times and increases the amount of heat released on the 1st day of hydration by 15% compared to the control sample. According to electron microscopy data, it was found that during the first hours of hydration of modified C3S, a significant number of nuclei of fibrous particles of calcium hydrosilicates with sizes of 0.2-2 microns were formed on the surface of ettringite crystals. According to the results of kinetic modeling of the setting process of cement pastes using the Avrami-Erofeyev model, it was shown that in the presence of the addition of microcrystals of ettringite, the setting rate is characterized by a slowdown in nucleation, whereas for a sample without an additive, this process proceeds with an acceleration of the formation of solid-phase nuclei. Based on the comparison of kinetic results and mechanical measurements, it is concluded that needle crystals of ettringite during C3S hydration and cement stone hardening are preformed centers for the growth of hydrosilicate nuclei, and they also act as a reinforcing filler, increasing the bending strength of modified samples. The results of the work can be used in practice in the development of methods for controlling the processes of hydration and hardening of cements, as well as for controllable structure formation of cement stone which is important in particular for 3D printing of building products and constructions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrey V. Korshunov
- Department of Building Materials, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, 26, Yaroslavskoye Shosse, 129337 Moscow, Russia; (Y.R.K.); (S.V.S.); (I.V.K.); (D.G.A.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chakravorty A, Ravindran V, Jeevanandan G, Arthanari A. The Cytotoxic Assessment of Antibacterial-Enhanced Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Compared to Commercially Available Bioceramic Cements by Using Methyl-Thiazoldiphenyl-Tetrazolium (MTT) Assay on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e49691. [PMID: 38161955 PMCID: PMC10757110 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Preserving the vitality of the tooth is of prime significance during therapies such as direct pulp capping and pulpotomy that promote tertiary dentine formation and healing of pulp stumps. Procedures like apexogenesis and apexification also stimulate dentin and bone formation for root growth and closure. Conventional mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has good biocompatible and physical properties like longer setting time, presence of a cytotoxic component, i.e., tricalcium aluminate (TCA), moderate compressive strength, and moderate antimicrobial activity. Eliminating TCA and the addition of antibacterial components would improve the properties of the cement. In this study, we aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of MTA Angelus, Biodentine, and two antibacterial-enhanced MTAs by using methyl-thiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Materials and methods Human dental pulp was extirpated from extracted third molars, and human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) were isolated and characterized by flow cytometry. HDPSCs were treated with MTA, Biodentine, or two antibacterial-enhanced MTAs depending on the study group. The control group constituted the untreated HDPSCs. The cell viability of HDPSCs was assessed using an MTT assay on days one, three, and seven. Results Varied levels of cytotoxicity were noticed at different time periods assessed using the tested materials, which was statistically significant (p=0.01). At all time periods assessed, the highest cell viability was noticed with Biodentine (88.7% on the first day, 80.4% on the third day, and 91.8% on the seventh day). Antibacterial-enhanced MTAs, either added with metronidazole or doxycycline, had more mean viable cells compared to conventional MTA on the third and seventh day (p=0.043 and 0.018 respectively). Conclusion Antibacterial-enhanced MTAs showed reduced cytotoxic properties when compared to conventional MTA. Biodentine was associated with the highest cell viability at all time periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayushma Chakravorty
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vignesh Ravindran
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Abirami Arthanari
- Department of Forensic Odontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koutroulis A, Valen H, Ørstavik D, Kapralos V, Camilleri J, Sunde PT. Antibacterial Activity of Root Repair Cements in Contact with Dentin-An Ex Vivo Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:511. [PMID: 37888176 PMCID: PMC10607193 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the antibacterial characteristics of the dentin/material interface and dentin surfaces exposed to experimental hydraulic calcium silicate cement (HCSC) with or without bioactive glass (BG) replacement (20% or 40%) or mixed with a silver nanoparticle (SNP) solution (1 or 2 mg/mL), and Biodentine, TotalFill BC RRM putty and Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM). Human root dentin segments with test materials were assessed at 1 or 28 days. In one series, the specimens were split to expose the dentin and material surfaces. A 24 h direct contact test was conducted against three-day established Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa monospecies biofilms. In another series, the dentin/material interface of intact specimens was exposed to biofilm membranes for 3 days and the antibacterial activity was assessed via confocal microscopy. The interface was additionally characterised. All one-day material and dentin surfaces were antibacterial. Dentin surfaces exposed to HCSC with 40% BG-replacement, Biodentine and IRM had decreased antibacterial properties compared to those of the other cements. The HCSC mixed with a 2 mg/mL SNP solution had the highest antimicrobial effect in the confocal assay. The interfacial characteristics of HCSCs were similar. The test materials conferred antibacterial activity onto the adjacent dentin. The BG reduced the antibacterial effect of dentin exposed to HCSC; a 2 mg/mL SNP solution increased the antibacterial potential for longer interaction periods (three-day exposure).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koutroulis
- Section of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (D.Ø.); (V.K.)
| | - Håkon Valen
- Nordic Institute of Dental Materials (NIOM), 0855 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Dag Ørstavik
- Section of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (D.Ø.); (V.K.)
| | - Vasileios Kapralos
- Section of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (D.Ø.); (V.K.)
| | - Josette Camilleri
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Pia Titterud Sunde
- Section of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway; (D.Ø.); (V.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ravindran V, Jeevanandan G. Comparative Evaluation of the Physical and Antimicrobial Properties of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Biodentine, and a Modified Fast-Setting Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Without Tricalcium Aluminate: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42856. [PMID: 37664390 PMCID: PMC10473445 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tricalcium aluminate, one of the major constituents of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), has been shown to have cytotoxic properties. Mineral trioxide aggregate has moderate to low antimicrobial activity against the most common endodontic pathogen, Enterococcus faecalis. Aim To assess the physical and antimicrobial properties of a newly modified formulation of mineral trioxide aggregate. Materials & methods The final setting time, compressive strength, and antimicrobial properties were tested for three groups of materials. The material used for Group 1 was mineral trioxide aggregate (white MTA, Angelus, Londrina, Brazil); the material for Group 2 was Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France); and for Group 3, a modified MTA formulation was used. Results Group 1 had the longest setting time, and Group 2 had the shortest setting time. Group 3's material was set at 83.65 ± 0.28 minutes. This difference among the groups was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The highest mean compressive strength during all the time periods was seen in Group 2, followed by Group 3, and the least in Group 1. This difference in compressive strength was statistically significant (p=0.001). The largest zone of inhibition against Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Streptococcus mutans was seen in Group 3, followed by Group 2 and Group 1. Conclusion Under the limitations of the present study, the newly modified MTA could serve as an alternative to the conventional MTA in terms of faster setting, higher strength, and better antimicrobial properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Ravindran
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Ganesh Jeevanandan
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nomura LH, Bortoluzzi EA, Tay FR, Garcia LDFR, Teixeira CDS. The effects of heating on the physicochemical properties of tricalcium silicate root canal sealers. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:34-43. [PMID: 37909640 PMCID: PMC10642270 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of heating on the physicochemical properties and surface changes of tricalcium silicate sealers. Three tricalcium silicate root canal sealers (Bio-C Sealer, BioRoot-RCS, EndoSequence BC Sealer), and one epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus; control) were tested. The effect of heating on setting time (ST) and flowability were assessed according to ANSI/ADA 57 and ISO 6876 standards. Solubility and dimensional change (DC) of the set sealers were evaluated at 24 hours and after 30 days; the pH of the water used in the DC testing was also measured. Tests were repeated with heated sealers in an oven at 100 °C for 1 min. SEM and EDS analysis were performed. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (α=5%). Heating decreased the ST for AH Plus and EndoSequence (p<0.05). Heating reduced flowability (p<0.05) and increased pH for AH Plus (p<0.05). The solubility of Bio-C (dried specimens) was not in accordance with the ANSI/ADA standard. The solubility of EndoSequence was significantly higher (p<0.05) when it was heated and dried after 30 days. DC of Bio-C (24 h and 30 days), BioRoot-RCS (30 days) and AH Plus (24 h and 30 days) were not in accordance with the standards. SEM and EDS analysis showed significant changes in sealer microstructure after heating. In conclusion, heating decreased the ST and increased the solubility of EndoSequence BC sealer. No significant changes in flowability, DC, and pH were identified for all three tricalcium silicate sealers after heat application. However, all sealers had significant surface changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lincon Hideo Nomura
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Department of Diagnosis & Oral Health, Division of Endodontics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Manohar S, Bazaz N, Neeraja G, Subramaniam P, Sneharaj N. A comparative evaluation of four regenerative materials for pulpotomy in primary molars: An in vivo study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19:102. [PMID: 36618772 PMCID: PMC9811967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preservation of pulpal vitality is of paramount importance as the vital functioning pulp is capable of initiating a unique reparative capacity. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare four regenerative materials for pulpotomy in primary molars. Materials and Methods This in vivo study included a total of 120 primary molars from 30 healthy children aged 3-9 years for regenerative pulpotomy procedure. The teeth were then divided by the lottery method (chits with names of materials on it) into four groups so that each child received all four of the regenerative materials; Group 1: Biodentine (BD)™, Group II: Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Plus (MTA Plus™), Group III: Retro MTA (Retro MTA®), and Group IV: Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) cement. All the primary molars (1st/2nd molars) were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Data were subjected to the statistical analysis using the Chi-square test. The level of significance was considered as P < 0.05. Results Clinical evaluation showed 100% success with BD™ and CEM cement; whereas 96.2% success was seen with MTA Plus™ and Retro MTA®. On radiographic evaluation, MTA Plus™ and CEM cement showed 96.2% success, whereas BD™ and Retro MTA® showed 92.59% success rate. Conclusion All four regenerative materials showed high success in the pulpotomy of primary molars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Manohar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Negar Bazaz
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - G. Neeraja
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Subramaniam
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Priya Subramaniam, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, 10th Milestone, Bommanahalli, Bengaluru - 560 068, Karnataka, India. E-mail:
| | - N Sneharaj
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jerez-Olate C, Araya N, Alcántara R, Luengo L, Bello-Toledo H, González-Rocha G, Sánchez-Sanhueza G. In vitro antibacterial activity of endodontic bioceramic materials against dual and multispecies aerobic-anaerobic biofilm models. AUST ENDOD J 2022; 48:465-472. [PMID: 34741571 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of calcium silicate repair cements and sealers against a dual-species planktonic aerobic model with different aging times and the ability to inhibit the formation of a mature 21-day-old multispecies anaerobic biofilm. The antibacterial activity of ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, Biodentine, BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC sealer against a dual-species aerobic planktonic model, as well as measuring how materials were affected by aging, was evaluated using the Modified Direct Contact Test. Subsequently, the ability to inhibit the formation of a mature multispecies anaerobic biofilm was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy complemented with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Biodentine and BioRoot RCS had higher antibacterial action, and Biodentine was able to maintain its antibacterial action after a prolonged aging period in vitro. Calcium silicate repair cement MTA ProRoot and Biodentine had higher antibiofilm action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jerez-Olate
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nancy Araya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Raúl Alcántara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luis Luengo
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Helia Bello-Toledo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.,Research Laboratory on Antibacterial Agents, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gerardo González-Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile.,Research Laboratory on Antibacterial Agents, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gabriela Sánchez-Sanhueza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Research Laboratory on Antibacterial Agents, Concepción, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maharti ID, Suprastiwi E, Agusnar H, Herdianto N, Margono A. Characterization, Physical Properties, and Biocompatibility of Novel Tricalcium Silicate-Chitosan Endodontic Sealer. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:127-135. [PMID: 36063844 PMCID: PMC9949928 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1745774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics, physical properties, and biocompatibility of the novel tricalcium silicate-chitosan (TCS-C) sealer with AH Plus and Sure-Seal Root. MATERIALS AND METHODS The TCS-C powder was prepared by mixing tricalcium silicate with 2% water-soluble chitosan at a 5:1 ratio, followed by sufficient addition of 10 g/mL ratio of double-distilled water to form a homogeneous cement. Material characterizations (the Fourier Transform InfraRed [FTIR] and X-ray diffraction [XRD]), physical property investigations (flow and film thickness), and cytotoxicity tests in 3T3 mouse embryo fibroblast cell (MTT assay method) were performed on sealers, and the results were compared with those of the commercial products. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analysis was performed on flow and film thickness. The normality of the data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The TCS-C showed a mean flow of 31.98 ± 0.68 mm, compared with Sure Seal Root at 26.38 ± 0.69 mm and AH Plus at 26.50 ± 0.12 mm. The TCS-C showed a mean film thickness of 60 ± 10.0 mm compared with Sure-Seal Root at 50 ± 10.0 mm and AH Plus at 40 ± 15.8 mm. The TCS-C exhibited low to no cytotoxicity in fibroblast cell at all concentrations and exposure times. CONCLUSION Adding water-soluble chitosan may improve the physical and biologic properties of tricalcium silicate cement. The novel TCS-C sealer did not fully meet the physical properties of an endodontic sealer, but it was not cytotoxic to fibroblast cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ike D. Maharti
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Endang Suprastiwi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,Address for correspondence Endang Suprastiwi, drg., SpKG(K) Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas IndonesiaJalan Salemba Raya 4, Jakarta 10430Indonesia
| | - Harry Agusnar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Nendar Herdianto
- Research Center for Advanced Materials (PRMM-BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Margono
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shen I, Daniel J, Vo K, Ahn C, Primus C, Komabayashi T. Use of micro-CT to examine effects of heat on coronal obturation. J Oral Sci 2022; 64:224-227. [PMID: 35661644 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to categorize the effects of heat on coronal obturation with gutta-percha and sealer using X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODS Ten single-rooted, extracted human teeth were shaped using ProTaper NEXT files to size X5 (#50/Taper 6%) with 2.5% NaOCl irrigation. A single ProTaper NEXT X5 gutta-percha point was then inserted with epoxy resin (AH Plus) or tricalcium silicate (EndoSequence BC) sealer (n = 5/group), and cut at the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were scanned using micro-CT (SkyScan1272) to obtain 11 sagittal 2-D images. Three calibrated raters categorized the coronal 0.5 mm of the images into four categories: "swirled sealer and/or gutta-percha without voids" (I), "uniform voids and sealer/gutta-percha" (II), "non-uniform voids and sealer/gutta-percha" (III), and "swirled sealer and/or gutta-percha with voids" (IV). Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were then calculated. Chi-square tests were conducted to determine the significance of differences in each category between sealers. RESULTS The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.55 (same rater/two different times) and Fleiss' kappa (different raters/same image) was 0.34. Categories I, II, III, and IV accounted for 16.4%, 4.2%, 30.3%, and 49.1% for AH Plus, and 6.7%, 4.2%, 27.3%, and 61.8% for EndoSequence BC, respectively. CONCLUSION Category IV was most common and Category II the least common. Significant differences were evident between sealers for Category I (P < 0.01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Shen
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Joan Daniel
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Kali Vo
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Chul Ahn
- Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
de Oliveira MCG, Queiroz ÍODA, Machado T, Garrido LDMA, de Oliveira SHP, Duarte MAH. Effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) association on physicochemical and biological properties of tricalcium silicate-based cement. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:47-54. [PMID: 35766716 PMCID: PMC9645202 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and biological properties of an experimental tricalcium silicate-based repair cement containing diclofenac sodium (CERD). For the physicochemical test, MTA, Biodentine and CERD were mixed and cement disc were prepared to evaluate the setting time and radiopacity. Root-end cavity were performed in acrylic teeth and filled with cements to analyze the solubility up to 7 days. Polyethylene tubes containing cements were prepared and calcium ions and pH were measured at 3h, 24h, 72h and 15 days. For the biological test, SAOS-2 were cultivated, exposed to cements extracts and cell proliferation were investigated by MTT assay at 6h, 24h and 48h. Polyethylene tubes containing cements were implanted into Wistar rats. After 7 and 30 days, the tubes were removed and processed for histological analyses. Parametric and nonparametric data were performed. No difference was identified in relation to setting time, radiopacity and solubility. Biodentine released more calcium ion than MTA and CERD; however, no difference between MTA and CERD were detected. Alkaline pH was observed for all cements and Biodentine exhibited highest pH. All cements promoted a raise on cell proliferation at 24h and 48h, except CERD at 48h. Biodentine stimulated cell metabolism in relation to MTA and CERD while CERD was more cytotoxic than MTA at 48h. Besides, no difference on both inflammatory response and mineralization ability for all cement were found. CERD demonstrated similar proprieties to others endodontic cements available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thiago Machado
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Integrated Clinic,
Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru
School of Dentistry, USP, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Touya N, Devun M, Handschin C, Casenave S, Omar NA, Gaubert A, Dusserre N, De Oliveira H, Kérourédan O, Devillard R. In vitroand in vivocharacterization of a novel tricalcium silicate-based ink for bone regeneration using laser-assisted bioprinting. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35203068 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac584b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Grafts aside, current strategies employed to overcome bone loss still fail to reproduce native tissue physiology. Among the emerging bioprinting strategies, Laser-Assisted Bioprinting (LAB) offers very high resolution, allowing designing micrometric patterns in a contactless manner, providing a reproducible tool to test ink formulation. To this date, no LAB associated ink succeeded to provide a reproducible ad integrum bone regeneration on a murine calvaria critical size defect model. Using the CE approved BioRoot RCS® as a mineral addition to a collagen-enriched ink compatible with LAB, the present study describes the process of the development of a solidifying tricalcium silicate-based ink as a new bone repair promoting substrates in a LAB model. This ink formulation was mechanically characterized by rheology to adjust it for LAB. Printed aside Stromal Cells from Apical Papilla (SCAPs), this ink demonstrated a great cytocompatibility, with significant in vitro positive impact upon cell motility, and an early osteogenic differentiation response in the absence of another stimulus. Results indicated that the in vivo application of this new ink formulation to regenerate critical size bone defect tends to promote the formation of bone volume fraction without affecting the vascularization of the neo-formed tissue. The use of LAB techniques with this ink failed to demonstrate a complete bone repair, whether SCAPs were printed or not of at its direct proximity. The relevance of the properties of this specific ink formulation would therefore rely on the quantity applied in situ as a defect filler rather than its cell modulation properties observed in vitro. For the first time, a tricalcium silicate-based printed ink, based on rheological analysis, was characterized in vitro and in vivo, giving valuable information to reach complete bone regeneration through formulation updates. This LAB-based process could be generalized to normalize the characterization of candidate ink for bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Touya
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue leo saignat, Bordeaux, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Mathilde Devun
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue leo saignat, Talence, 33405, FRANCE
| | - Charles Handschin
- Inserm U1026, Tissue Bioengineering: Bordeaux, FR, 146 rue leo saignat, Bordeaux, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Sophia Casenave
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue leo saignat, Talence, 33405, FRANCE
| | - Naïma Ahmed Omar
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue leo saignat, Talence, 33405, FRANCE
| | - Alexandra Gaubert
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue leo saignat, Bordeaux, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Nathalie Dusserre
- ART Bioprint, INSERM U1026, 146 rue leo saignat, BORDEAUX, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Hugo De Oliveira
- , Université de Bordeaux, Bioingénierie tissulaire, rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, Bordeaux, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Olivia Kérourédan
- Bioingénierie Tissulaire, INSERM U1026, 146 rue Léo Saignat, BORDEAUX, 33067, FRANCE
| | - Raphael Devillard
- Bioingenierie tissulaire, INSERM U1026, 146 rue leo Saignat, Bordeaux, 33067, FRANCE
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beauquis J, Setbon HM, Dassargues C, Carsin P, Aryanpour S, Van Nieuwenhuysen JP, Leprince JG. Short-Term Pain Evolution and Treatment Success of Pulpotomy as Irreversible Pulpitis Permanent Treatment: A Non-Randomized Clinical Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030787. [PMID: 35160239 PMCID: PMC8836521 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate (1) the short-term evolution of pain and (2) the treatment success of full pulpotomy as permanent treatment of irreversible pulpitis in mature molars. The study consisted of a non-randomized comparison between a test group (n = 44)—full pulpotomy performed by non-specialist junior practitioners, and a control group (n = 40)—root canal treatments performed by specialized endodontists. Short-term pain score (Heft–Parker scale) was recorded pre-operatively, then at 24 h and 7 days post-operatively. Three outcomes were considered for treatment success: radiographic, clinical and global success. For short-term evolution of pain, a non-parametric Wilcoxon test was performed (significance level = 0.05). For treatment success, a Pearson Chi square or Fisher test were performed (significance level = 0.017–Bonferroni correction). There was no significant difference between test and control groups neither regarding short term evolution of pain at each time point, nor regarding clinical (80% and 90%, respectively) or global success (77% and 67%, respectively). However, a significant difference in radiographic success was observed (94% and 69%, respectively). The present work adds to the existing literature to support that pulpotomy as permanent treatment could be considered as an acceptable and conservative treatment option, potentially applied by a larger population of dentists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Beauquis
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (J.G.L.)
| | - Hugo M. Setbon
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Private Practice, Av. Louise 391, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Dassargues
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Private Practice, Rue Edmond Laffineur 9, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Pierre Carsin
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Private Practice, All. de la Minerva 2, 1150 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sam Aryanpour
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Private Practice, Rte du Lion 10, 1420 Braine-l’Alleud, Belgium
| | - Jean-Pierre Van Nieuwenhuysen
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Julian G. Leprince
- Adult and Child Dentistry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.D.); (P.C.); (S.A.); (J.-P.V.N.)
- DRIM Research Group & Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (J.G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vo K, Daniel J, Ahn C, Primus C, Komabayashi T. Coronal and apical leakage among five endodontic sealers. J Oral Sci 2022; 64:95-98. [PMID: 34980828 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to use dye penetration to measure apical and coronal leakage simultaneously in single-canal teeth that had been treated endodontically using a single-cone obturation technique. METHODS One hundred single-canal, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size-X5 (50/.06), then randomly assigned to five sealer groups for single-cone gutta-percha obturation. The teeth were soaked in 0.6% rhodamine B at 37°C for seven days, then the roots were ground mesiodistally and the maximum apical and coronal dye penetration was measured. Differences in leakage among the sealer groups were examined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Pairwise comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS The mean values (mm) of dye penetration for AH Plus, Pulp Canal Sealer, NeoSEALER Flo, EndoSequence BC, and Super-Bond RC Sealer were 0.200, 0.300, 0.675, 0.850, and 0.900 apically, whereas 1.675, 2.075, 4.800, 6.500, and 4.125 coronally. Pairwise comparisons showed significant apical differences between AH Plus/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P = 0.047) and significant coronal differences between AH Plus/NeoSEALER Flo (P = 0.001), AH Plus/EndoSequence BC (P < 0.01), AH Plus/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P < 0.01), Pulp Canal Sealer/NeoSEALER Flo (P = 0.010), Pulp Canal Sealer/EndoSequence BC (P < 0.01), and Pulp Canal Sealer/Super-Bond RC Sealer (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Coronal leakage was worse than apical leakage for all sealers. AH Plus exhibited the least leakage apically and coronally; Super-Bond RC Sealer showed the most leakage apically, and EndoSequence BC showed the most leakage coronally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kali Vo
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Joan Daniel
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Chul Ahn
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Colmenar D, Tamula T, Zhu Q, Ahn C, Primus C, Komabayashi T. Micro CT pilot evaluation of removability of two endodontic sealers. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:306-309. [PMID: 34408113 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.21-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared the removability of AH Plus and EndoSequence BC sealers using in vitro micro-computed tomography. METHODS Ten single-canal, extracted human teeth were cleaned and shaped with ProTaper NEXT rotary files to size X5 (50/0.06) (Dentsply-Sirona). Canals were obturated with a single cone gutta-percha and either AH Plus (Dentsply-Sirona) (Group A) or EndoSequence BC (Brasseler) (Group B). ProTaper Universal Retreatment files (Dentsply-Sirona) were used to remove obturation materials after 90 days at 37oC/100% humidity. Each tooth was scanned using micro-computed tomography (SkyScan 1272; Bruker) at an isotropic resolution of 6 μm from which the percent of material removed was calculated. Two-sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA were used for analysis. RESULTS The percent removal of materials in the coronal third was 92.9% ± 7.3% (Group A) and 93.2% ± 6.1% (Group B). Removal in the middle third was 94.9% ± 8.5% (Group A) and 96.5% ± 6.1% (Group B). Apical third removal was 76.2% ± 27.9% (Group A) and 70.1% ± 30.8% (Group B). No statistically significant differences were determined between the two sealers or among the sectional thirds within each group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION AH Plus and EndoSequence BC sealers exhibit the same removability at all canal levels of 70% to 96%, with better removal coronally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tenzin Tamula
- University of New England College of Dental Medicine
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Division of Endodontology, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine
| | - Chul Ahn
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vergaças JHN, de Lima CO, Barbosa AFA, Vieira VTL, Dos Santos Antunes H, da Silva EJNL. Marginal gaps and voids of three root-end filling materials: A microcomputed tomographic study. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 85:617-622. [PMID: 34516035 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A root-end filling material is required to fill the root-end cavity without gaps or voids, to prevent root canal reinfection and to provide periapical healing. Thus, this study evaluated the volume of marginal gaps and voids of three root-end filling materials using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty maxillary incisors were prepared and filled with gutta-percha and endodontic sealer. The specimens were scanned using micro-CT and distributed into three groups (n = 10): White MTA, MTA Repair HP, and Bio-C Repair. The root tips were resected at 90° to the longitudinal axis and the cavity (3 mm depth) was prepared with an ultrasonic tip. The materials were handled, and the cavities were filled. The specimens were rescanned and the percentual volume of gaps and voids were analyzed. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < .05). No statistical difference was found in the percentage of gaps among the tested materials (p > .05). White MTA presented less voids than Bio-C and MTA Repair HP (p < .05). The materials presented a similar percentual volume of gaps and White MTA presented less voids than other tested materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Lima
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Oliveira LV, de Souza GL, da Silva GR, Magalhães TEA, Freitas GAN, Turrioni AP, de Rezende Barbosa GL, Moura CCG. Biological parameters, discolouration and radiopacity of calcium silicate-based materials in a simulated model of partial pulpotomy. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2133-2144. [PMID: 34418112 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the discolouration, radiopacity, pH and calcium ion release of Biodentine (BD), Bio-C repair (BCR) and Bio-C temp (BCT), as well as their biological effects on human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODOLOGY Sixty-four extracted bovine incisors were prepared to simulate crown fractures with pulp exposure and open root apex. The roots were filled using a mixture of agar and blood (control), and BD, BCR or BCT were placed over this mixture. Colour assessment analyses of the samples were performed before and immediately after material insertion and repeated at 30 and 90 days, using a spectrophotometer. The colour change of each specimen was evaluated at the crown and calculated based on the CIELab colour space. Digital radiographs were acquired for radiopacity analysis. hDPCs were placed in contact with different dilutions of culture media previously exposed to such materials and tested for cell viability using the MTT assay. The pH and calcium ion release of all materials were measured after 24 h; the data were assessed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Cell viability was analysed by two-way ANOVA. Differences in colour parameters and wound-healing data were assessed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). Tukey's and Dunnett's tests were used to compare the experimental groups with the control group. RESULTS BCR had grater radiopacity and smaller colour alteration (ΔEab/ΔE00) than the other materials tested (p < .005; p < .001). No significant differences in pH were found amongst the tested materials (p > .05). BCT was associated with the largest release of calcium ions (p < .0001). BD had cell viability similar to that of the control at the lowest dilutions, and BCR was similar to that of the control, regardless of the dilution tested (p > .05). BCT had a lower percentage of viability than that of the control at all tested dilutions (p < .0001). Cell migration rates in BD and BCR were similar to those in the control group after 24 h and 48 h (p > .05), whilst BCT had larger voids than the control in both periods (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS BCR, BCT and BD were associated with tooth discolouration. BCR had the lowest staining values, the highest radiopacity and viability greater than 80% hDPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Vieira Oliveira
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Leite de Souza
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Gisele Rodrigues da Silva
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Turrioni
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lin Q, Zhang X, Liang D, Li J, Wang W, Wang Z, Wong CP. The in vivo dissolution of tricalcium silicate bone cement. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2527-2535. [PMID: 34185370 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the in vivo dissolution of tricalcium silicate (Ca3 SiO5 , C3 S) bone cement in the rabbit femoral defect. Results indicated that C3 S paste directly integrated with the bone tissue without the protection of the bone-like apatite. Calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H gel) and Ca(OH)2 were the main components of C3 S paste. The dissolution model of C3 S paste was a mass loss rather than a decrease in volume. The initial dissolution of C3 S paste (0 ~ 6 weeks) was greatly attributed to the release of Ca(OH)2 , and the later dissolution (>6 weeks) was attributed to the decalcification of C-S-H gel. Although the mass of C3 S paste could decrease by more than 19 wt % after 6 weeks of implantation, the created pores (<1 μm) were not large enough for the bone tissue to migrate into C3 S paste. The loss of Ca ions also resulted in the transformation of SiO4 tetrahedrons from Q1 and Q2 to Q0 , Q3 , and Q4 in C-S-H gel. Because only isolated SiO4 tetrahedrons (Q0 ) and Ca ions could be absorbed by the bone tissue, C3 S paste gradually transformed into a silica-rich gel. The fundamental reason for no decrease in volume of C3 S paste was that the SiO4 tetrahedron network still maintained the frame structure of C3 S paste during the implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lin
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Liang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlin Li
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Materials Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bayraktar K, Basturk FB, Turkaydin D, Gunday M. Long-term effect of acidic pH on the surface microhardness of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine, and total fill root repair material putty. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021; 18:2. [PMID: 34084289 PMCID: PMC8122693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to compare the microhardness values of ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and total fill root repair material (TF-RRM) Putty at varying pH and times. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this laboratory experiment, materials were mixed and placed in cylinder blocks with internal dimensions of 6 mm × 4 mm. Ten samples of each material were soaked in buffered solutions of butyric acid with 4.4, 5.4, 6.4, and 7.4 pH values and stored at 37°C in 100% humidity. The samples were submitted to the microhardness test at the end of 1 week and then 1 month. Multivariate analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were carried out to compare the mean values at a significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS Low pH caused a significant decrease in the microhardness values of all samples. Surface microhardness increased with time (P < 0.0001). The microhardness values of Biodentine were significantly greater than those of ProRoot MTA and TF-RRM putty (P < 0.0001). The lowest microhardness values were recorded for TF-RRM putty groups regardless of the pH of the environment and the evaluation time. CONCLUSION An acidic environment impaired the surface microhardness of all root repair materials tested. Overall, the mean surface microhardness of TF-RRM Putty was lower than those of ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Biodentine showed the greatest microhardness values at all pH values, regardless of the evaluation time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koral Bayraktar
- Department of Endodontics, Marmara University, Basibuyuk Saglik Yerleskesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatima Betul Basturk
- Department of Endodontics, Marmara University, Basibuyuk Saglik Yerleskesi, Istanbul, Turkey,Address for correspondence: Dr. Fatima Betul Basturk, Department of Endodontics, Marmara University, Basibuyuk Saglik Yerleskesi, 9/3 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail:
| | - Dilek Turkaydin
- Department of Endodontics, Marmara University, Basibuyuk Saglik Yerleskesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahir Gunday
- Department of Endodontics, Marmara University, Basibuyuk Saglik Yerleskesi, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Primathena I, Nurdin D, Hermawan H, Cahyanto A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation of a Cost-Effective Endodontic Sealer Based on Tricalcium Silicate-White Portland Cement. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14020417. [PMID: 33467680 PMCID: PMC7829748 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an ideal yet costly endodontic sealer material. Tricalcium silicate-white Portland cement (TS-WPC) seems to have similar characteristics to those of MTA. This work aims to characterize a modified TS-WPC and evaluate its antibacterial properties as a potential endodontic sealer material. The modified TS-WPC was synthesized from a 4:1 mixture of sterilized Indocement TS-WPC and bismuth trioxide using a simple solution method with 99.9% isopropanol. The mixture was stirred until it was homogenous, centrifuged, and dried. The material was then characterized using infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy and subjected to antibacterial evaluation against Enterococcus faecalis using a Mueller-Hinton agar inhibition test. The results showed that the material was characterized by main functional groups of hydroxyls, silicate, bismuth trioxide, and tricalcium silicate, like those of a commercial MTA-based sealer, both tested after hydration. Modified TS-WPC before hydration showed similar powder morphology and size to the commercial one, indicating the ease of manipulation. Both materials exhibited antibacterial activity due to calcium dihydroxide's ability to absorb carbon dioxide, which is essential for the anaerobic E. faecalis, with minimum inhibitory effect and bactericidal concentrations of 12,500 ppm and 25,000 ppm, respectively. The modified TS-WPC has the potential to become a cost-effective alternative endodontic sealer material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indra Primathena
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (I.P.); (D.N.)
| | - Denny Nurdin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (I.P.); (D.N.)
| | - Hendra Hermawan
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V0A6, Canada;
- Medical Devices and Technology Centre (MEDiTEC), Institute Human Centred Engineering (iHumEn), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Arief Cahyanto
- Oral Biomaterials Study Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Dental Material Science and Technology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +62-22-2504985
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Y, Luan J, Zhang Y, Sha S, Li S, Xu S, Xu D. Preparation and Characterization of Iron-Doped Tricalcium Silicate-Based Bone Cement as a Bone Repair Material. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E3670. [PMID: 32825175 PMCID: PMC7504278 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron is one of the trace elements required by human body, and its deficiency can lead to abnormal bone metabolism. In this study, the effect of iron ions on the properties of tricalcium silicate bone cement (Fe/C3Ss) was investigated. It effectively solved the problems of high pH value and low biological activity of calcium silicate bone cement. The mechanical properties, in vitro mineralization ability and biocompatibility of the materials were systematically characterized. The results indicate that tricalcium silicate bone cement containing 5 mol% iron displayed good self-setting ability, mechanical properties and biodegradation performance in vitro. Compared with pure calcium silicate bone cement (C3Ss), Fe/C3Ss showed lower pH value (8.80) and higher porosity (45%), which was suitable for subsequent cell growth. Immersion test in vitro also confirmed its good ability to induce hydroxyapatite formation. Furthermore, cell culture experiments performed with Fe/C3Ss ion extracts clearly stated that the material had excellent cell proliferation abilities compared to C3Ss and low toxicity. The findings reveal that iron-doped tricalcium silicate bone cement is a promising bioactive material in bone repair applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| | - Jiapan Luan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| | - Yin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
- Nanjing Haoqi Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211300, China
| | - Shuai Sha
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| | - Sha Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| | - Shanqi Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| | - Dongqing Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (S.S.); (S.L.); (S.X.); (D.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Naber C, Kleiner F, Becker F, Nguyen-Tuan L, Rößler C, Etzold MA, Neubauer J. C-S-H Pore Size Characterization Via a Combined Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Surface Relaxivity Calibration. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:ma13071779. [PMID: 32290068 PMCID: PMC7179032 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) surface relaxivity calibration in hydrated cement samples is proposed. This method relies on a combined analysis of 28-d hydrated tricalcium silicate samples by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image analysis and 1H-time-domain (TD)-NMR relaxometry. Pore surface and volume data for interhydrate pores are obtained from high resolution SEM images on surfaces obtained by argon broad ion beam sectioning. These data are combined with T2 relaxation times from 1H-TD-NMR to calculate the systems surface relaxivity according to the fast exchange model of relaxation. This new method is compared to an alternative method that employs sequential drying to calibrate the systems surface relaxivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Naber
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg (FAU), Schlossgarten 5a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Florian Kleiner
- F. A. Finger-Institute for Building Materials Science, Bauhaus-University Weimar, Coudraystraße 11A, 99423 Weimar, Germany; (F.K.); (L.N.-T.); (C.R.)
| | - Franz Becker
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg (FAU), Schlossgarten 5a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
| | - Long Nguyen-Tuan
- F. A. Finger-Institute for Building Materials Science, Bauhaus-University Weimar, Coudraystraße 11A, 99423 Weimar, Germany; (F.K.); (L.N.-T.); (C.R.)
| | - Christiane Rößler
- F. A. Finger-Institute for Building Materials Science, Bauhaus-University Weimar, Coudraystraße 11A, 99423 Weimar, Germany; (F.K.); (L.N.-T.); (C.R.)
| | - Merlin A. Etzold
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK;
| | - Jürgen Neubauer
- GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Mineralogy, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg (FAU), Schlossgarten 5a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Leu TH, Wei Y, Hwua YS, Huang XJ, Huang JT, Chung RJ. Fabrication of PLLA/C 3S Composite Membrane for the Prevention of Bone Cement Leakage. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11121971. [PMID: 31801199 PMCID: PMC6960822 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kyphoplasty is an important treatment for stabilizing spine fractures due to osteoporosis. However, leakage of polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement during this procedure into the spinal canal has been reported to cause many adverse effects. In this study, we prepared an implantable membrane to serve as a barrier that avoids PMMA cement leakage during kyphoplasty procedures through a hybrid composite made of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) and tricalcium silicate (C3S), with the addition of C3S into PLLA matrix, showing enhanced mechanical and anti-degradation properties while keeping good cytocompatibility when compared to PLLA alone and most importantly, when this material design was applied under standardized PMMA cement injection conditions, no posterior wall leakage was observed after the kyphoplasty procedure in pig lumbar vertebral bone models. Testing results assess its effectiveness for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hsueh Leu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei 10629, Taiwan
| | - Yang Wei
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (X.-J.H.)
| | - Yi-Shi Hwua
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 40601, Taiwan;
| | - Xiao-Juan Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (X.-J.H.)
| | - Jung-Tang Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (J.-T.H.); (R.-J.C.); Tel.: +(886-2)-2771-2171 (ext. 2547) (R.-J.C.)
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan; (Y.W.); (X.-J.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.-T.H.); (R.-J.C.); Tel.: +(886-2)-2771-2171 (ext. 2547) (R.-J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
López-García S, Pecci-Lloret MR, Guerrero-Gironés J, Pecci-Lloret MP, Lozano A, Llena C, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Forner L. Comparative Cytocompatibility and Mineralization Potential of Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E3087. [PMID: 31546696 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the cytocompatibility and mineralization potential of two premixed hydraulic endodontic sealers compared with an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer. The cellular responses and mineralization capacity were studied in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) that were exposed to premixed hydraulic sealers, Bio-C Sealer (Angelus, Londrína, PR, Brazil), TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG Dentaire SA, La-Chaux-de-fonds, Switzerland) and an epoxy resin-based material, AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany). Non-exposed cultures served as the control. The endodontic sealers were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Statistical analyses were done using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA), with Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparison (p = 0.05). AH Plus reduced cell viability and cell migration, whereas increased cell viability and cell migration were observed in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer (p < 0.05). The lowest cell attachment and spreading were observed for all concentrations of AH Plus, whereas the highest were observed for TotalFill BC Sealer. At the end of 21 days, only the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer supported matrix mineralization (p < 0.05). Additionally, SEM-EDX revealed high content of calcium, oxygen, and silicon in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer. Based on the results from this study, Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated better cytocompatibility in terms of cell viability, migration, cell morphology, cell attachment, and mineralization capacity than AH Plus.
Collapse
|
26
|
Ballal NV, Ulusoy Öİ, Rao S, Gandhi P. The efficacy of different irrigation protocols in removing tricalcium silicate-based sealers from simulated root canal irregularities. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1862-1868. [PMID: 31368166 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different irrigation protocols in removing two tricalcium silicate-based sealers from simulated root canal irregularities and root canal walls. MATERIAL AND METHODS Root canals of 140 single-rooted teeth were instrumented. In one-half of each root, an apical groove was created. The samples were divided into two main groups (n = 70) based on the sealer used. In group 1, the grooves were filled with MTA Fillapex; in group 2, BioRoot RCS. The reassembled root halves were divided into six experimental and one control groups: 2.5% NaOCl-17% EDTA (Passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI]), 5% NaOCl/9% DualRinse HEDP (PUI), 2.5% NaOCl-7% Maleic acid (PUI), 2.5% NaOCl-17% EDTA (Er:YAG laser activated irrigation [LAI]), 2.5% NaOCl/9% DualRinse HEDP (LAI), 2.5% NaOCl-7% Maleic acid (LAI), Distilled water (Control). Specimens were scored using SEM. The data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. RESULTS Maleic acid and DualRinse HEDP removed higher amounts of MTA Fillapex from the grooves compared to EDTA, when used with both activation methods (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonically activated maleic acid or DualRinse HEDP can be an effective irrigation regimen in removing tricalcium silicate-based sealers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - Özgür İlke Ulusoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sheetal Rao
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - Poornika Gandhi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Voicu G, Didilescu AC, Stoian AB, Dumitriu C, Greabu M, Andrei M. Mineralogical and Microstructural Characteristics of Two Dental Pulp Capping Materials. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12111772. [PMID: 31159182 PMCID: PMC6600720 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the composition, surface, and microstructural characteristics, and bioactivity of two commercially available pulp capping materials known as TheraCal LC and BIO MTA+. The materials were prepared as cylindrical samples and assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and complex thermal analysis for mineralogical characterization, and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive of X-ray (EDX), Fourier-Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) for microstructural and surface characteristics. The in vitro bioactivity was highlighted by surface mineralization throughout SEM coupled with EDX and FT-IR analysis. XRD analysis performed on both materials showed calcium silicate phases and different radiopacifying compounds. AFM measurements indicated a smoother and more homogenous surface with a lower average roughness for TheraCal LC due to the resin matrix from its composition. FT-IR analysis displayed bands for several compounds in both materials. Both materials exhibited bioactive properties showing surface mineralization after being immersed in solution similar to the human physiological environment. However, the MTA cement showed a better mineralization due to the anhydrous and hydrated phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Voicu
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andreea C Didilescu
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andrei B Stoian
- Department of General Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Dumitriu
- Department of General Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Polizu, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Greabu
- Division of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihai Andrei
- Division of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Drukteinis S, Peciuliene V, Shemesh H, Tusas P, Bendinskaite R. Porosity Distribution in Apically Perforated Curved Root Canals Filled with Two Different Calcium Silicate Based Materials and Techniques: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:E1729. [PMID: 31141936 PMCID: PMC6600724 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the porosity distribution of BioRoot RCS/single gutta-percha point (BR/SC) and MTA flow (MF) fillings, which were used as plugs for the apical perforation repair in curved canals of extracted mandibular molars using micro-computed tomography (μCT). Forty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were shaped with ProTaper NEXT X1-X5 files 2 mm beyond the apex to simulate apical perforations that were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20) according to the material and technique used for the apical plug: BR/SC or MF. The specimens were scanned before and after canal filling at an isotropic resolution of 9.9 μm. The volumetric analysis of voids in the apical 5 mm of the fillings was performed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). Micro-computed tomography (µCT) evaluation revealed significant differences between the groups in terms of porosity: the total volume and percentage volume of voids was lower in the BR/SC group in comparison with the MF group (p < 0.05), with the predominance of open pores in both groups. Neither of the materials and/or application techniques were able to produce void-free root fillings in the apical region of artificially perforated curved roots of mandibular molars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saulius Drukteinis
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Vytaute Peciuliene
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Hagay Shemesh
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Paulius Tusas
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ruta Bendinskaite
- Institute of Dentistry Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University; Zalgirio 115, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
de Lima CO, Dutra HG, Duque TM, Campos CN, Ballal V, Simão RA, Prado M. Effect of previous irrigation with chlorhexidine on the push-out bond strength of a calcium silicate-based material. Gen Dent 2019; 67:58-61. [PMID: 31199746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of previous irrigation with chlorhexidine (CHX) on the bond strength of a calcium silicate-based material, Biodentine, when used for furcal repair. Furcal perforations were produced in 30 extracted mandibular molars. Teeth were divided into 3 groups according to the irrigant used: distilled water (DW), CHX followed by DW (CHX), and CHX followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and DW (CHX/EDTA). Biodentine was used to repair the perforations. A push-out bond strength test was performed after 7 days, and data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (P < 0.05). The CHX/EDTA group showed significantly lower values than the DW and CHX groups (P < 0.05). The failure mode of the DW group was mainly mixed, while that of the CHX group was cohesive. The CHX/EDTA group exhibited adhesive and mixed failures. Irrigation with CHX prior to furcation repair did not result in a statistically significant difference, compared to the use of DW, in the push-out bond strength of Biodentine.
Collapse
|
30
|
Walsh RM, Woodmansey KF, He J, Svoboda KK, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Histology of NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 in Contact with Pulp and Periradicular Tissues in a Canine Model. J Endod 2019; 44:1389-1395. [PMID: 30144833 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NeoMTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, Bradenton, FL) is a tricalcium silicate material similar to the first mineral trioxide aggregate product, ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Sirona, York, PA), but with improvements such as decreased setting time, increased ion release, increased water sorption, and nonstaining radiopacifiers. Quick-Set2 (Avalon Biomed Inc) is a newly formulated calcium aluminosilicate material that has a faster setting time and increased acid resistance and is nonstaining. The purpose of this study was to compare the healing of pulpal and periapical tissues in dogs after exposure to NeoMTA Plus and Quick-Set2 after pulpotomy and root-end surgery procedures. METHODS Seventy-two teeth (36 for each procedure) in 6 beagle dogs received pulpotomy or root-end surgery using either NeoMTA Plus or Quick-Set2. The dogs were sacrificed at 90 days, and the teeth and surrounding tissues were prepared for histologic evaluation. Sixty teeth were evaluated and scored histologically (29 with pulpotomies and 31 with root-end resections). Specimens were scored for inflammation, quality and thickness of dentin bridging, pulp tissue response, cementum and periodontal ligament formation, and apical bone healing. RESULTS Both materials displayed favorable healing at 90 days. The only significant difference was the quality of dentin bridge formation in pulpotomies using NeoMTA Plus compared with Quick-Set2. CONCLUSIONS Quick-Set2 and NeoMTA Plus had similar effects on inflammation, pulp response, periodontal ligament and cementum formation, and apical tissue healing in dogs. NeoMTA Plus had superior dentin bridge quality compared with Quick-Set2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Center for Advanced Dental Education, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jianing He
- Endodontics, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Kathy K Svoboda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| | - Carolyn M Primus
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Neelakantan P, Ahmed HMA, Wong MCM, Matinlinna JP, Cheung GSP. Effect of root canal irrigation protocols on the dislocation resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate-based materials: A systematic review of laboratory studies. Int Endod J 2018; 51:847-861. [PMID: 29377170 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to address the question: Do different irrigating protocols have an impact on the dislocation resistance of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based materials? The review was performed using a well-defined search strategy in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) to include laboratory studies performed between January 1995 and May 2017, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Two reviewers analysed the papers, assessed the risk of bias and extracted data on teeth used, sample size, size of root canal preparation, type of MTA-based material, irrigants, canal filling method, storage method and duration, region of roots and the parameters of push-out testing (slice thickness, plunger dimensions and plunger loading direction), the main results and dislocation resistance values (in MPa). From 255 studies, 27 were included for full-text analysis. Eight papers that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. There was a wide variation in dislocation resistance due to differences in irrigation sequence, time and concentration of irrigants, storage method and duration, and the parameters of push-out bond strength testing. A meta-analysis was not done but qualitative synthesis of the included studies was performed. No definitive conclusion could be drawn to evaluate the effect of irrigation protocols on dislocation resistance of MTA-based materials. Recommendations have been provided for standardized testing methods and reporting of future studies, so as to obtain clinically relevant information and to understand the effects of irrigating protocols on root canal sealers and their interactions with the dentine walls of root canals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Neelakantan
- Discipline of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H M A Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M C M Wong
- Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - J P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - G S P Cheung
- Discipline of Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Walsh RM, He J, Schweitzer J, Opperman LA, Woodmansey KF. Bioactive endodontic materials for everyday use: a review. Gen Dent 2018; 66:48-51. [PMID: 29714700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioceramic materials are at the forefront of modern dentistry. Bioactive bioceramic endodontic materials promote pulpal and periapical tissue healing and are easy to use. Dentists can choose among many endodontic materials, depending on their needs. This article highlights the major differences among commercially available bioactive tricalcium silicate bioceramics, commonly known as mineral trioxide aggregate materials, to enable dentists to make appropriate decisions in the selection of these materials.
Collapse
|
33
|
Bullard JW, Hagedorn J, Ley MT, Hu Q, Griffin W, Terrill JE. A Critical Comparison of 3D Experiments and Simulations of Tricalcium Silicate Hydration. J Am Ceram Soc 2018; 101:1453-1470. [PMID: 29887617 PMCID: PMC5988366 DOI: 10.1111/jace.15323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nano-computed X-ray tomography (nCT), nano X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (nXRF), and high-performance computing have enabled the first direct comparison between observations of three-dimensional nanoscale microstructure evolution during cement hydration and computer simulations of the same microstructure using HydratiCA. nCT observations of a collection of triclinic tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5) particles reacting in a calcium hydroxide solution are reported and compared to simulations that duplicate, as nearly as possible, the thermal and chemical conditions of those experiments. Particular points of comparison are the time dependence of the solid phase volume fractions, spatial distributions, and morphologies. Comparisons made at 7 h of reaction indicate that the simulated and observed volumes of Ca3SiO5 consumed by hydration agree to within the measurement uncertainty. The location of simulated hydration product is qualitatively consistent with the observations, but the outer envelope of hydration product observed by nCT encloses more than twice the volume of hydration product in the simulations at the same time. Simultaneous nXRF measurements of the same observation volume imply calcium and silicon concentrations within the observed hydration product envelope that are consistent with Ca(OH)2 embedded in a sparse network of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) that contains about 70 % occluded porosity in addition to the amount usually accounted as gel porosity. An anomalously large volume of Ca(OH)2 near the particles is observed both in the experiments and in the simulations, and can be explained as originating from the hydration of additional particles outside the field of view. Possible origins of the unusually large amount of observed occluded porosity are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Bullard
- Materials and Structural Systems Division, Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - John Hagedorn
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division, Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - M Tyler Ley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Qinang Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Wesley Griffin
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division, Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Judith E Terrill
- Applied and Computational Mathematics Division, Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Moon HJ, Lee JH, Kim JH, Knowles JC, Cho YB, Shin DH, Lee HH, Kim HW. Reformulated mineral trioxide aggregate components and the assessments for use as future dental regenerative cements. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731418807396. [PMID: 30397430 PMCID: PMC6207958 DOI: 10.1177/2041731418807396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate, which comprises three major inorganic components, namely, tricalcium silicate (C3S), dicalcium silicate (C2S), and tricalcium aluminate (C3A), is promising regenerative cement for dentistry. While mineral trioxide aggregate has been successfully applied in retrograde filling, the exact role of each component in the mineral trioxide aggregate system is largely unexplored. In this study, we individually synthesized the three components, namely, C3S, C2A, and C3A, and then mixed them to achieve various compositions (a total of 14 compositions including those similar to mineral trioxide aggregate). All powders were fabricated to obtain high purity. The setting reaction of all cement compositions was within 40 min, which is shorter than for commercial mineral trioxide aggregate (~150 min). Over time, the pH of the composed cements initially showed an abrupt increase and then plateaued (pH 10-12), which is a typical behavior of mineral trioxide aggregate. The compression and tensile strength of the composed cements increased (2-4 times the initial values) with time for up to 21 days in an aqueous medium, the degree to which largely depended on the composition. The cell viability test with rat mesenchymal stem cells revealed no toxicity for any composition except C3A, which contained aluminum. To confirm the in vivo biological response, cement was retro-filled into an extracted rat tooth and the complex was re-implanted. Four weeks post-operation, histological assessments revealed that C3A caused significant tissue toxicity, while good tissue compatibility was observed with the other compositions. Taken together, these results reveal that of the three major constituents of mineral trioxide aggregate, C3A generated significant toxicity in vitro and in vivo, although it accelerated setting time. This study highlights the need for careful consideration with regard to the composition of mineral trioxide aggregate, and if possible (when other properties are satisfactory), the C3A component should be avoided, which can be achieved by the mixture of individual components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jin Moon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Hyun Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Cho
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Shin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bae S, Taylor R, Kilcoyne D, Moon J, Monteiro PJM. Effects of Incorporating High-Volume Fly Ash into Tricalcium Silicate on the Degree of Silicate Polymerization and Aluminum Substitution for Silicon in Calcium Silicate Hydrate. Materials (Basel) 2017; 10:ma10020131. [PMID: 28772490 PMCID: PMC5459114 DOI: 10.3390/ma10020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study assesses the quantitative effects of incorporating high-volume fly ash (HVFA) into tricalcium silicate (C₃S) paste on the hydration, degree of silicate polymerization, and Al substitution for Si in calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H). Thermogravimetric analysis and isothermal conduction calorimetry showed that, although the induction period of C₃S hydration was significantly extended, the degree of hydration of C₃S after the deceleration period increased due to HVFA incorporation. Synchrotron-sourced soft X-ray spectromicroscopy further showed that most of the C₃S in the C₃S-HVFA paste was fully hydrated after 28 days of hydration, while that in the pure C₃S paste was not. The chemical shifts of the Si K edge peaks in the near-edge X-ray fine structure of C-S-H in the C₃S-HVFA paste directly indicate that Al substitutes for Si in C-S-H and that the additional silicate provided by the HVFA induces an enhanced degree of silicate polymerization. This new spectromicroscopic approach, supplemented with 27Al and 29Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy, turned out to be a powerful characterization tool for studying a local atomic binding structure of C-S-H in C₃S-HVFA system and presented results consistent with previous literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungchul Bae
- Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
| | - Rae Taylor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - David Kilcoyne
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Juhyuk Moon
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Paulo J M Monteiro
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yamamoto S, Han L, Noiri Y, Okiji T. Evaluation of the Ca ion release, pH and surface apatite formation of a prototype tricalcium silicate cement. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e73-e82. [PMID: 27977862 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the Ca2+ -releasing, alkalizing and apatite-like surface precipitate-forming abilities of a prototype tricalcium silicate cement, which was mainly composed of synthetically prepared tricalcium silicate and zirconium oxide radiopacifier. METHODOLOGY The prototype tricalcium silicate cement, white ProRoot MTA (WMTA) and TheraCal LC (a light-cured resin-modified calcium silicate-filled material) were examined. The chemical compositions were analysed with a wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy electron probe microanalyser with an image observation function (SEM-EPMA). The pH and Ca2+ concentrations of water in which the set materials had been immersed were measured, and the latter was assessed with the EDTA titration method. The surface precipitates formed on the materials immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were analysed with SEM-EPMA and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05). RESULTS The prototype cement contained Ca, Si and Zr as major elemental constituents, whereas it did not contain some metal elements that were detected in the other materials. The Ca2+ concentrations and pH of the immersion water samples exhibited the following order: WMTA = prototype cement > TheraCal LC (P < 0.05). All three materials produced Ca- and P-containing surface precipitates after PBS immersion, and the precipitates produced by TheraCal LC displayed lower Ca/P ratios than those formed by the other materials. XRD peaks corresponding to hydroxyapatite were detected in the precipitates produced by the prototype cement and WMTA. CONCLUSION The prototype tricalcium silicate cement exhibited similar Ca2+ -releasing, alkalizing and apatite-like precipitate-forming abilities to WMTA. The Ca2+ -releasing, alkalizing and apatite-like precipitate-forming abilities of TheraCal LC were lower than those of the other materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Yamamoto
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Yamamoto Dental Clinic, Takarazuka, Japan
| | - L Han
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Noiri
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Okiji
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bae S, Kanematsu M, Hernández-Cruz D, Moon J, Kilcoyne D, Monteiro PJM. In Situ Soft X-ray Spectromicroscopy of Early Tricalcium Silicate Hydration. Materials (Basel) 2016; 9:E976. [PMID: 28774096 DOI: 10.3390/ma9120976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The understanding and control of early hydration of tricalcium silicate (C3S) is of great importance to cement science and concrete technology. However, traditional characterization methods are incapable of providing morphological and spectroscopic information about in situ hydration at the nanoscale. Using soft X-ray spectromicroscopy, we report the changes in morphology and molecular structure of C3S at an early stage of hydration. In situ C3S hydration in a wet cell, beginning with induction (~1 h) and acceleration (~4 h) periods of up to ~8 h, was studied and compared with ex situ measurements in the deceleration period after 15 h of curing. Analysis of the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure showed that the Ca binding energy and energy splitting of C3S changed rapidly in the early age of hydration and exhibited values similar to calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H). The formation of C–S–H nanoseeds in the C3S solution and the development of a fibrillar C–S–H morphology on the C3S surface were visualized. Following this, silicate polymerization accompanied by C–S–H precipitation produced chemical shifts in the peaks of the main Si K edge and in multiple scattering. However, the silicate polymerization process did not significantly affect the Ca binding energy of C–S–H.
Collapse
|
38
|
Akcay H, Arslan H, Akcay M, Mese M, Sahin NN. Evaluation of the bond strength of root-end placed mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine in the absence/presence of blood contamination. Eur J Dent 2016; 10:370-375. [PMID: 27403056 PMCID: PMC4926591 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.184150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been accepted as an appropriate root-end filling material in endodontic microsurgery because of setting ability in the wet environment. The aim of this study was to assess the bond strength of root-end placed MTA and Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur des Fossés, France) in the absence/presence of blood contamination. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight single-rooted maxillary incisors were used. subsequent to root-end resection and apical preparation using ultrasonic retro-tips, the specimens were randomly separated into two groups according to the root-end filling materials: MTA (Cerkamed Medical Company, Stalowa, Poland) or Biodentine. The specimens were then separated into two subgroups according to storage condition (absence/presence of blood) (n = 12). After obtaining 2.0 ± 0.1 mm slices, push-out tests were performed. Each slice was examined under a stereomicroscope to evaluate the failure mode. The data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparisons. The failure modes were analyzed using the Chi-square test (P = 0.05). Results: The bond strength was significantly affected by the presence of blood contamination and root-end filling material type (P < 0.001). Biodentine had better bond strength than MTA (P < 0.001). The most common failure type was adhesive failure. According to the Chi-square test, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (P = 0.394). Conclusions: Biodentine had better bond strength values compared to MTA, and the bond strength of both MTA and Biodentine as root-end filling materials was negatively affected by the presence of blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Akcay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Hakan Arslan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Merve Akcay
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Merve Mese
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Naciye Nur Sahin
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cengiz E, Yilmaz HG. Efficacy of Erbium, Chromium-doped:Yttrium, Scandium, Gallium, and Garnet Laser Irradiation Combined with Resin-based Tricalcium Silicate and Calcium Hydroxide on Direct Pulp Capping: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Endod 2015; 42:351-5. [PMID: 26723484 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this randomized clinical study was to evaluate the efficiency of erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser irradiation combined with a resin-based tricalcium silicate material and calcium hydroxide in direct pulp capping for a 6-month follow-up period. METHODS A total of 60 teeth of 60 patients between the ages of 18 and 41 years were recruited for this study. Sixty permanent vital teeth without symptoms and radiographic changes were randomly assigned to the following 4 groups (n = 15): Gr CH, the exposed area was sealed with calcium hydroxide (CH) paste; Gr laser CH, the treated area was sealed with CH paste after Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation at an energy level of 0.5 W without water and with 45% air; Gr TheraCal, TheraCal LC (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL) was applied directly to the exposed pulp; and Gr Laser TheraCal, TheraCal LC was applied after irradiation with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser. At the 1-week and 1-, 3-, and 6-month recall examinations, the loss of vitality, spontaneous pain, reactions to thermal stimuli and percussion, and radiographic changes were considered as failure. RESULTS The success rates in the CH and TheraCal groups were 73.3% and 66.6%, respectively. These rates did not reveal any significant difference. In both laser groups, success rates were 100%. The Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated TheraCal and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-irradiated CH groups showed statistically higher success rates than the TheraCal and CH groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation at 0.5 W without water combined with pulp capping agents can be recommended for direct pulp therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Cengiz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Guney Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Viapiana R, Moinzadeh AT, Camilleri L, Wesselink PR, Tanomaru Filho M, Camilleri J. Porosity and sealing ability of root fillings with gutta-percha and BioRoot RCS or AH Plus sealers. Evaluation by three ex vivo methods. Int Endod J 2015. [PMID: 26199130 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the ability of BioRoot RCS, a tricalcium silicate-based root canal sealer and AH Plus to effectively fill the root canals of contralateral teeth using three evaluation methods, and to investigate also the correlation between the methods. METHODOLOGY The prepared root canals of ten pairs of contralateral mandibular premolar teeth were filled with gutta-percha and sealer using lateral compaction. The percentage of voids within the root canal was assessed by micro-computed tomography, whilst sealing ability was investigated by fluid transport and leakage of fluorescent microspheres. The interaction of sealer with dentine, and sealer penetration were assessed by confocal microscopy. The void volume, fluid flow, microsphere leakage and sealer interaction with dentine for both materials were compared. Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney) tests were used to compare the % void and fluid transport of the two sealers. Spearman correlation was used to assess the pairwise relationships between the techniques. The level of significance was set to 0.05. RESULTS BioRoot RCS exhibited significantly more percentage of voids than AH Plus. There was no difference in fluid flow and microsphere penetration. BioRoot RCS exhibited a different pattern of sealer penetration and interaction with the dentine walls compared to AH Plus. For both materials, the pairwise correlations between the three techniques were close to zero, indicating weak relationships. CONCLUSIONS MicroCT analysis revealed a higher void volume for BioRoot RCS. The other techniques did not show a difference between the sealing ability of the sealers. The correlation between the three ex vivo methods of assessment was weak demonstrating their complementarity rather than their concordance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - A T Moinzadeh
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L Camilleri
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - P R Wesselink
- Department of Endodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Tanomaru Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - J Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were the investigation of the setting mechanisms and characterization of radiopacified tricalcium silicate-based materials mixed with different liquid vehicles. METHODS Tricalcium silicate cement replaced with 20% of either zirconium oxide or barium zirconate radiopacifier was investigated. The cements were mixed with water, an epoxy resin, or a light-cured Bis-GMA-based resin. The setting mechanism and characterization of set materials after immersion in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) for 28 days were investigated by scanning electron microscopy of polished specimens and x-ray diffraction analysis. The bioactivity and surface microstructure of cements immersed in HBSS or water were also assessed by similar techniques together with leaching in solution investigated by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. RESULTS The formation of calcium hydroxide as a by-product of cement reaction was affected by the type of radiopacifier and also by the resin vehicle used. Barium zirconate enhanced the formation of calcium hydroxide as indicated by both scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. The use of resins as vehicles reduced the formation of calcium hydroxide, with the Bis-GMA-based resin being mostly affected. Calcium hydroxide was deposited on the material surface regardless of the type of vehicle used. Formation of beta calcium phosphate was observed on materials containing barium zirconate radiopacifier immersed in HBSS. Inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy analysis showed high levels of calcium leached from materials by using water and light-curable resin as mixing vehicles. Barium was leached in solution, with the highest amount from the water-based mixtures. Zirconium leaching was negligible in materials containing zirconium oxide as radiopacifier, but leaching of zirconium was measurable in materials by using barium zirconate with tricalcium silicate. CONCLUSIONS The resin type and composition of the radiopacifier affect the calcium releasing ability and bioactivity of tricalcium silicate cements. Barium was leached in solution with barium zirconate radiopacified variants. Light-cured Bis-GMA-based resins did not exhibit cement hydration; however, they encouraged leaching of calcium ions in solution and promoted surface deposition of calcium phosphate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josette Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Camilleri J, Laurent P, About I. Hydration of Biodentine, Theracal LC, and a prototype tricalcium silicate-based dentin replacement material after pulp capping in entire tooth cultures. J Endod 2014; 40:1846-54. [PMID: 25154317 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The calcium-releasing ability of pulp-capping materials induces pulp tissue regeneration. Tricalcium silicate-based materials produce calcium hydroxide as a by-product of hydration. Assessment of hydration and calcium ion leaching is usually performed on samples that have been aged in physiological solution for a predetermined period of time. The hydration and activity of the materials in vivo may not be similar to those displayed in vitro because of insufficient fluid available in contact with dentin. The aim of this research was the assessment of hydration of Biodentine, Theracal LC, and a prototype radiopacified tricalcium silicate-based material after pulp capping and to compare it with direct hydration in an aqueous solution. METHODS The extent of hydration of Biodentine, Theracal LC, and a prototype radiopacified tricalcium silicate-based material with a similar composition to Biodentine but not incorporating the additives was assessed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of polished specimens after being allowed to hydrate in Hank's balanced salt solution for 14 days. The extent of hydration was compared with material hydration when used as direct pulp capping materials by using a tooth culture model. Material activity was also assessed by x-ray diffraction analysis to investigate the deposition of calcium hydroxide by the materials, and calcium ion leaching in Hank's balanced salt solution was assessed by ion chromatography. RESULTS Biodentine and the prototype tricalcium silicate cement hydrated and reaction by-products were deposited in the cement matrix both after pulp capping and when incubated in an aqueous solution. Calcium hydroxide was formed, and calcium ions were leached in solution. Theracal LC hydration was incomplete because of the limited moisture diffusion within the material. Thus, no calcium hydroxide was produced, and a lower calcium ion leaching was recorded. CONCLUSIONS Theracal LC had a heterogeneous structure with large unhydrated particles because not enough moisture was present to allow hydration to proceed. Biodentine composition was shown to be optimized, and the environmental conditions did not affect material microstructure. Biodentine exhibited formation of calcium hydroxide and calcium ion leaching, which are beneficial to the dental pulp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josette Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Patrick Laurent
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, Marseille, France
| | - Imad About
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the crystalline structures of recently released MTA Plus (MTA-P), MTA Angelus (MTA-A), DiaRoot BioAggregate (BA) by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Materials and Methods: Phase analysis was carried out on powder and set forms of tested materials. The powder specimens placed into sample holders that were packed with a glass slide and the set samples prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions were placed into molds. The samples after being set for three days at 37°C and 100% humidity in an incubator were mounted onto the XRD machine and phase identification was accomplished using a search-match software program. Results: XRD findings indicated that major constituents of MTA-P were bismuth oxide, portlandite, dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate. The crystal structure of MTA-A were similar to those of MTA-P except for the absence of portlandite. Additionally, MTA-A had tricalcium aluminate differing from MTA-P. BA mainly differed from MTA-P and MTA-A by the radiopacifier (tantalum oxide-TO) in its composition. Conclusions: The majority of constituents of the tested materials have shown similarity except for the presence of tricalcium aluminate in MTA-A and the inclusion of TO in BA. In addition, set MTA-P showed a strong peak of portlandite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Guven
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Elif Bahar Tuna
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Muzaffer Emin Dincol
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Oya Aktoren
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kramer PR, Woodmansey KF, White R, Primus CM, Opperman LA. Capping a pulpotomy with calcium aluminosilicate cement: comparison to mineral trioxide aggregates. J Endod 2014; 40:1429-34. [PMID: 25146026 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Calcium aluminate cements have shown little affinity for bacterial growth, low toxicity, and immunogenicity when used as a restoration material, but calcium aluminate cements have not been tested in vivo in pulpotomy procedures. METHODS To address this question, a calcium aluminosilicate cement (Quick-Set) was tested along with 2 mineral trioxide aggregates, ProRoot MTA and MTA Plus. These cements were used as a capping agent after pulpotomy. Control rats had no pulpotomy, or the pulpotomy was not capped. Proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-1α were measured, and histology was performed at 30 and 60 days after capping. The nociceptive response was determined by measuring the lengthening of the rat's meal duration. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS IL-1β and IL-1α concentrations were reduced in the capped teeth, but no differences were observed among the 3 cements. Dentinal bridging could be detected at both 30 and 60 days with each of the 3 cements, and the pulps were still vital 60 days after capping. Meal duration significantly shortened after placement of the 3 different cements, indicating a nociceptive response, but there were no differences among the materials. Calcium aluminosilicate cement had similar properties to mineral trioxide aggregates and is a viable option for pulpotomy procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas.
| | - Karl F Woodmansey
- Department of Endodontics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | - Robert White
- Department of Endodontics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Lynne A Opperman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A and M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Du R, Wu T, Liu W, Li L, Jiang L, Peng W, Chang J, Zhu Y. Role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in driving tricalcium silicate-induced proliferation and biomineralization of human dental pulp cells in vitro. J Endod 2013; 39:1023-9. [PMID: 23880270 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway in regulating tricalcium silicate (C3S)-driven proliferation and biomineralization of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in vitro. METHODS Human DPCs were cultured in C3S-containing medium and compared with untreated controls. Cell viability was measured by the methyl-thiazol-tetrazolium assay. Biomineralization was assessed by staining calcium deposits on the extracellular matrix with von Kossa and alizarin red S stains. Phosphorylated ERK1/2 was evaluated by immunoblotting. The ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 was used to assess the role of this pathway on stage of the cell cycle and mineralization-dependent gene expressions of hDPCs by using flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test, with significance set at P < .05. RESULTS The viability and biomineralization of hDPCs were promoted by C3S extracts (P < .05). Phosphorylated ERK1/2 strongly appeared after hDPCs were cultured in the C3S extracts for 30 minutes. Moreover, inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway in C3S-treated hDPCs decreased proliferation and the expression of mineralization-dependent genes, including collagen type I, dentin sialophosphoprotein, osteopontin, and osteocalcin (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS C3S stimulated the proliferation and biomineralization of hDPCs in vitro, with the ERK1/2 pathway playing a key role in the regulation of these effects.
Collapse
|
46
|
Cherng AM, Takagi S, Chow LC. Acid Neutralization Capacity of a Tricalcium Silicate-Containing Calcium Phosphate Cement as an Endodontic Material. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2010; 115:471-476. [PMID: 27134799 PMCID: PMC4548869 DOI: 10.6028/jres.115.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was shown to have the necessary attributes for endodontic materials except adequate basicity needed for antimicrobial properties. To enhance its basicity, tricalcium silicate (Ca3SiO5), a highly alkaline compound, was added to CPC at a mass fraction of 0.25, 0.5 or 0.75. The basicity, acid neutralization and physical properties of the CPC-Ca3SiO5 composites were investigated. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used as the control. The acid neutralizing capacity of the CPC-Ca3SiO5 composites and MTA were measured by titrating the suspensions of ground set samples with a 0.2 mol / L HCl at predetermined pH levels, i.e., 11, 9.0, and 7.4. The setting time of CPC-Ca3SiO5 composites determined by the Gilmore needle method was 40 ± 10 min. Acid neutralizing capacity of CPC depended (p < 0.05) on Ca3SiO5 content. CPC containing 75 % Ca3SiO5 could neutralize slightly less acid than MTA (p < 0.05), but it had a shorter setting time than that of MTA (> 4 h) and excellent handling properties.
Collapse
|