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Aregawi LG, Shokrolahi M, Gebremeskel TG, Zoltan C. The Effect of Ginger Supplementation on the Improvement of Dyspeptic Symptoms in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia. Cureus 2023; 15:e46061. [PMID: 37771933 PMCID: PMC10525921 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with a higher occurrence in the Western world. Conventional medications are not effective for FD with patients turning to alternative herbal medicines such as ginger. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ginger supplementation on the improvement of FD symptoms. Methodology A before-and-after clinical study was conducted at the University of Debrecen, Internal Medicine outpatient department over a period of four weeks. Two Swanson ginger supplements each at a dose of 540 mg/day before lunch and dinner were given to 51 FD patients. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to estimate the differences in FD symptoms after ginger supplementation and at the baseline. The p-value was determined to test the association between variables, with p-values <0.05 considered the cutoff for statistically significant association. Results In this study, after four weeks of ginger supplementation, we observed a significant change in most dyspepsia symptoms as follows: postprandial fullness (p = 0.033, 95% CI = 0.01-0.26), early satiety (p = 0.001, 95% CI = 0.10-0.37), epigastric pain (p = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.16-0.42), epigastric burning (p = 0.003, 95% CI = 0.10-0.45), and heartburn (p = 0.209, 95% CI = -0.04-0.20). Conclusions Based on our findings ginger can be considered as a promising alternative supplementary medicine for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemlem Gebremariam Aregawi
- Institute of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, HUN
- Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, ETH
| | | | - Teferi Gebru Gebremeskel
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, AUS
| | - Csiki Zoltan
- Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, HUN
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Kim SD, Kwag EB, Yang MX, Yoo HS. Efficacy and Safety of Ginger on the Side Effects of Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11267. [PMID: 36232567 PMCID: PMC9569531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, with breast cancer being the most prevalent cancer. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most serious side effects of chemotherapy. Because the current CINV treatment option has several flaws, alternative treatment options are required. Ginger has traditionally been used to treat nausea and vomiting, and it also has anticancer properties in breast cancer cells. Based on these findings, researchers investigated whether using ginger to treat CINV in breast cancer patients is both effective and safe. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang from inception to June 2022. Outcomes included Rhodes Index Scores of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching, severity and frequency of CINV. Five RCTs were included. We pooled all included data and performed subgroup analysis by types of CINV. Overall, authors found that ginger was associated with a reduction in CINV. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis revealed that managing severity of acute CINV in breast cancer patients with ginger was efficient. In terms of managing delayed CINV in breast cancer patients, ginger was also statistically significant. The authors concluded that ginger may be helpful in lowering both acute and delayed CINV in breast cancer patients. Since there were no serious side effects, ginger is thought to be safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Dam Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea
- Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, 321 E 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eun-Bin Kwag
- College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Korea
- East West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Daejeon 35235, Korea
| | - Ming-Xiao Yang
- Integrative Medicine Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, 321 E 61st Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hwa-Seung Yoo
- East West Cancer Center, Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital, Daejeon University, Seoul 05836, Korea
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Makkar R, Behl T, Kumar A, Nijhawan P, Arora S. Emerging Therapeutic Effects of Herbal Plants in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:617-625. [PMID: 32586262 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200620232828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by the failure of spontaneous resolution of inflammation with lifetime perseverance, becoming one of the major causes of disability in millions of people. It is mainly characterized by progressive erosion of cartilage in response to the formation of pannus leading to chronic polyarthritis and joint distortion. Early diagnosis and advances in molecular biology undoubtedly revolutionized therapeutic interventions in the past decade for better disease management. Despite favorable prospects, many patients still fail to respond to the current therapies urging a burning need to develop newer and safer medications. Herbal plants have been utilized since the ancient era and provided the base for massive bioactive compounds with flaunting therapeutic potential, many being advanced to drugs that are consumed worldwide for treating countless ailments. Scientific studies showed the involvement of several cellular mechanisms like oxidative stress suppression, downregulated synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines namely interleukins (IL-1, IL-6), TNF-α, NF-κB, demoted metalloproteinases induced cartilage destruction and augmentation of free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A plethora of active phytoconstituents like flavonoids, saponins, terpenes, alkaloids, lactones, etc, have been isolated from herbal plants with proven curative actions. The present review enlists some of the herbal drugs that can be used to amend the effects of rheumatoid arthritis and impart symptomatic relief to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashita Makkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Priya Nijhawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Kalantari K, Afifi AM, Moniri M, Moghaddam AB, Kalantari A, Izadiyan Z. Autoclave-assisted synthesis of AgNPs in Z. officinale extract and assessment of their cytotoxicity, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:262-268. [PMID: 31053688 PMCID: PMC8676182 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the authors synthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using autoclave as a simple, unique and eco-friendly approach. The effect of Zingiber officinale extract was evaluated as a reducing and stabiliser agent. According to transmission electron microscopy results, the AgNPs were in the spherical shape with a particle size of ∼17 nm. The biomedical properties of AgNPs as antibacterial agents and free radical scavenging activity were estimated. Synthesised AgNPs showed significant 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging. Strong bactericidal activity was shown by the AgNPs on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. A maximum inhibition zone of ∼14 mm was obtained for epidermidis at a concentration of 60 μg/ml for sample fabricated at 24 h. The AgNPs also showed a significant cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines with an half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 62 μg/ml in 24 h by the MTT assay. It could be concluded that Z. officinale extract can be used effectively in the production of potential antioxidant and antimicrobial AgNPs for commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Kalantari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Amalina M Afifi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Centre of Advanced Materials (CAM), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mona Moniri
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amin Boroumand Moghaddam
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Alireza Kalantari
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahra Izadiyan
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Mohammadi M, Shahisaraee SA, Tavajjohi A, Pournoori N, Muhammadnejad S, Mohammadi SR, Poursalehi R, Delavari H H. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Zingiber officinale and Thymus vulgaris extracts: characterisation, cell cytotoxicity, and its antifungal activity against Candida albicans in comparison to fluconazole. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:114-119. [PMID: 31051440 PMCID: PMC8676021 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluconazole (FLZ) application as a highly successful commercial antifungal azole agent to treat the fungal infections is limited due to emergence of FLZ-resistant candida. In this study, the potential of green synthesised silver nanoparticles (NPs) as an antifungal agent against Candida albicans fungal pathogen is investigated. The extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) plays as reducing agent, capping agent and antifungal agent. The UV-visible spectroscopy shows the peak of surface plasmon resonance of synthesised Ag NPs after a period of time. The synthesised Ag NPs are spherical, with average sizes of 12 and 18 nm based on ginger and thyme extract, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the adsorption of the plant extract on the surface of the as-prepared Ag NPs. Based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against Candida albicans, the antifungal activity of as-prepared green synthesised Ag NPs shows higher inhibitory in comparison to FLZ. Finally, the Ag NPs synthesised via thyme extract shows no cytotoxicity with concentration below 3.5 ppm, which can be considered as an appropriate candidate instead of FLZ to treat the superficial fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Atiyeh Tavajjohi
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Shahr Rey, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Pournoori
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samad Muhammadnejad
- Cell-Based Therapies Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Poursalehi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Delavari H
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
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Pandit R, Gaikwad S, Rai M. Biogenic fabrication of CuNPs, Cu bioconjugates and in vitro assessment of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. IET Nanobiotechnol 2017; 11:568-575. [PMID: 28745291 PMCID: PMC8675963 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2016.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the authors synthesised copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) by using extract of Zingiber officinale (ginger) and later the NPs were bioconjugated with nisin, which shows antimicrobial activity against food spoilage microorganisms. CuNPs and its bioconjugate were characterised by ultraviolet-vis spectroscopy, NP tracking analysis, Zetasizer, transmission electron microscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Zeta potential of CuNPs and its bioconjugate were found to be very stable. They evaluated in vitro efficacy of CuNPs and its bioconjugate against selected food spoilage bacteria: namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Listeria monocytogenes and fungi including Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus niger. Antimicrobial activity of CuNPs was found to be maximum against F. moniliforme (18 mm) and the least activity was noted against L. monocytogenes (13 mm). Antioxidant activity of CuNPs and ginger extract was performed by various methods such as total antioxidant capacity reducing power assay, 1-1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay and hydrogen peroxide assay. Antioxidant activity of CuNPs was higher as compared with ginger extract. Hence, CuNPs and its bioconjugate can be used against food spoilage microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raksha Pandit
- Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati 444 602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swapnil Gaikwad
- Microbial Diversity Research Center, Dr. D.Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Tathawade, Pune 411 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, SGB Amravati University, Amravati 444 602, Maharashtra, India.
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Valera MC, Maekawa LE, de Oliveira LD, Jorge AOC, Shygei É, Carvalho CAT. In vitro antimicrobial activity of auxiliary chemical substances and natural extracts on Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis in root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:118-23. [PMID: 23739849 PMCID: PMC3881874 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757201302135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of auxiliary chemical substances and natural extracts on Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis inoculated in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-two human tooth roots were contaminated with C. albicans and E. faecalis for 21 days. The groups were divided according to the auxiliary chemical substance into: G1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), G2) 2% chlorhexidine gel (CHX), G3) castor oil, G4) glycolic Aloe vera extract, G5) glycolic ginger extract, and G6) sterile saline (control). The samples of the root canal were collected at different intervals: confirmation collection, at 21 days after contamination; 1st collection, after instrumentation; and 2nd collection, seven days after instrumentation. Microbiological samples were grown in culture medium and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. RESULTS The results were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (5%) statistical tests. NaOCl and CHX completely eliminated the microorganisms of the root canals. Castor oil and ginger significantly reduced the number of CFU of the tested bacteria. Reduction of CFU/mL at the 1st and 2nd collections for groups G1, G2, G3 and G4 was greater in comparison to groups G5 and G6. CONCLUSION It was concluded that 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine gel were more effective in eliminating C. albicans and E. faecalis, followed by the castor oil and glycolic ginger extract. The Aloe vera extract showed no antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Carneiro Valera
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Univ. Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Nasri H, Nematbakhsh M, Ghobadi S, Ansari R, Shahinfard N, Rafieian-kopaei M. Preventive and curative effects of ginger extract against histopathologic changes of gentamicin-induced tubular toxicity in rats. Int J Prev Med 2013; 4:316-21. [PMID: 23626888 PMCID: PMC3634170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gentamicin (GM) is a commonly used aminoglycoside, however, renal toxicity has limited its usage. This study was designed to evaluate the curative and protective effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger) against gentamicin tubular toxicity in rats. The phenolic and flavonoid components and antioxidant activity of ginger were also evaluated. METHODS In a preclinical study, 50 male Wistar rats were designated into 5 groups of 10 and treated as follows: Group I: vehicle. Group II: 200 mg/kg/d of ginger for 3 days then, GM (80 mg/kg) for 7 days. Group III: 200 mg/kg ginger orally for 3 days, then ginger plus GM for 7 days. Group IV: GM for 7 days. Group V: GM for 10 days. Group VI: GM for 7 days, then 200 mg/kg ginger orally for 10 days. At the end of the study, the animals were sacrificed and their kidneys were histologically evaluated. RESULTS Ginger could prevent degeneration of the renal cells and reduce the severity of tubular damage caused by gentamicin. However, it could not regenerate the GM degeneration. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that ginger is effective as a prophylaxis agent, but has not curative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Nasri
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Department of Nephrology, Division of Nephropathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nematbakhsh
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shamin Ghobadi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Roya Ansari
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Najmeh Shahinfard
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran,Correspondence to: Prof. Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei, Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. E-mail:
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MAEKAWA LE, VALERA MC, de OLIVEIRA LD, CARVALHO CAT, CAMARGO CHR, JORGE AOC. Effect of Zingiber officinale and propolis on microorganisms and endotoxins in root canals. J Appl Oral Sci 2013; 21:25-31. [PMID: 23559108 PMCID: PMC3881809 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757201302129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glycolic propolis (PRO) and ginger (GIN) extracts, calcium hydroxide (CH), chlorhexidine (CLX) gel and their combinations as ICMs (ICMs) against Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and endotoxins in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS After 28 days of contamination with microorganisms, the canals were instrumented and then divided according to the ICM: CH+saline; CLX, CH+CLX, PRO, PRO+CH; GIN; GIN+CH; saline. The antimicrobial activity and quantification of endotoxins by the chromogenic test of Limulus amebocyte lysate were evaluated after contamination and instrumentation at 14 days of ICM application and 7 days after ICM removal. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION After analysis of results and application of the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests at 5% significance level, it was concluded that all ICMs were able to eliminate the microorganisms in the root canals and reduce their amount of endotoxins; however, CH was more effective in neutralizing endotoxins and less effective against C. albicans and E. faecalis, requiring the use of medication combinations to obtain higher success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Eiko MAEKAWA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Department of Restorative Dentistry, UNESP - Univ
Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia Carneiro VALERA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Chair Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry,
UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de OLIVEIRA
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Biosciences and Oral
Diagnosis, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Antonio Talge CARVALHO
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative
Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Ribeiro CAMARGO
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Restorative
Dentistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Olavo Cardoso JORGE
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Chair Professor, Department of Oral Diagnosis and
Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
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Gaus K, Huang Y, Israel DA, Pendland SL, Adeniyi BA, Mahady GB. Standardized ginger ( Zingiber officinale) extract reduces bacterial load and suppresses acute and chronic inflammation in Mongolian gerbils infected with cagAHelicobacter pylori. Pharm Biol 2009; 47:92-98. [PMID: 20376296 PMCID: PMC2849670 DOI: 10.1080/13880200802448690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Previous investigations demonstrated that a standardized extract of ginger rhizome inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori in vitro with a minimum inhibitory concentration in the range 0.78 to 12.5 mug/mL. In the present work, the extract was tested in a rodent model of H. pylori-induced disease, the Mongolian gerbil, to examine the effects of the extract on both prevention and eradication of infection. The extract was administered to Mongolian gerbils at a daily dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in rations either 3 weeks prior to infection or 6 weeks post-infection. Treatment with the standardized ginger extract reduced H. pylori load as compared with controls and significantly (P<0.05) reduced both acute and chronic muscosal and submucosal inflammation, cryptitis, as well as epithelial cell degeneration and erosion induced by H. pylori. Importantly, the extract did not increase morbidity or mortality. Further investigations of the mechanism demonstrated that the ginger extract inhibited the activity of cyclooxygenase-2, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 8.5 mug/mL in vitro, inhibited the nuclear factor-kappaB transcriptional response in kBZ Jurkat cells (human T lymphocytes) with an IC(50) of 24.6 mug/mL, and significantly inhibited the release of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with IC(50) values of 3.89, 7.7, 8.5, and 8.37 mug/mL, respectively. These results suggest ginger extracts may be useful for development as agents to reduce H. pylori-induced inflammation and as for gastric cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Gaus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dawn A. Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susan L. Pendland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bolanle A. Adeniyi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gail B. Mahady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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