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Lin P, Tian C, Peng XP, Lou HX, Li G. Metabolic profiling for the discovery of two rare fusidane-type heterodimers from the fungal endophyte Acremonium pilosum F47. Steroids 2023; 192:109188. [PMID: 36738818 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In our process of studying fusidane-type antibiotics, metabolomics-guided chemical investigation on the endophytic Acremonium pilosum F47 led to the isolation of two unique heterodimers, acremonidiols B and C (1 and 2) consisting of a fusidane-type triterpenoid motif and a steroid unit. Four biosynthetically related known natural products including fusidic acid (FA, 3), as well as ergosterol derivatives (4-6) were also obtained. Their structures were determined by the analyses of ESI-HRMS and NMR data. Compounds 1 and 2, as hybrid molecules comprising the fusidane triterpenoid and steroid, are rare in nature. Compared with the clinically used antibiotic FA (3), new compounds 1 and 2 showed no obvious antibiotic activity, indicating the importance of free C-21 carboxyl group for antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Tian
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Peng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xiang Lou
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China; Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.
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Sultani HN, Morgan I, Hussain H, Roos AH, Haeri HH, Kaluđerović GN, Hinderberger D, Westermann B. Access to New Cytotoxic Triterpene and Steroidal Acid-TEMPO Conjugates by Ugi Multicomponent-Reactions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137125. [PMID: 34281176 PMCID: PMC8268079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions, especially the Ugi-four component reaction (U-4CR), provide powerful protocols to efficiently access compounds having potent biological and pharmacological effects. Thus, a diverse library of betulinic acid (BA), fusidic acid (FA), cholic acid (CA) conjugates with TEMPO (nitroxide) have been prepared using this approach, which also makes them applicable in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Moreover, convertible amide modified spin-labelled fusidic acid derivatives were selected for post-Ugi modification utilizing a wide range of reaction conditions which kept the paramagnetic center intact. The nitroxide labelled betulinic acid analogue 6 possesses cytotoxic effects towards two investigated cell lines: prostate cancer PC3 (IC50 7.4 ± 0.7 μM) and colon cancer HT29 (IC50 9.0 ± 0.4 μM). Notably, spin-labelled fusidic acid derivative 8 acts strongly against these two cancer cell lines (PC3: IC50 6.0 ± 1.1 μM; HT29: IC50 7.4 ± 0.6 μM). Additionally, another fusidic acid analogue 9 was also found to be active towards HT29 with IC50 7.0 ± 0.3 μM (CV). Studies on the mode of action revealed that compound 8 increased the level of caspase-3 significantly which clearly indicates induction of apoptosis by activation of the caspase pathway. Furthermore, the exclusive mitochondria targeting of compound 18 was successfully achieved, since mitochondria are the major source of ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider N. Sultani
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; (H.N.S.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (G.N.K.)
| | - Ibrahim Morgan
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; (H.N.S.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (G.N.K.)
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; (H.N.S.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (G.N.K.)
| | - Andreas H. Roos
- Physical Chemistry—Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.R.); (H.H.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Haleh H. Haeri
- Physical Chemistry—Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.R.); (H.H.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Goran N. Kaluđerović
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; (H.N.S.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (G.N.K.)
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Strasse 2, 06217 Merseburg, Germany
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Physical Chemistry—Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.R.); (H.H.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Bernhard Westermann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle, Germany; (H.N.S.); (I.M.); (H.H.); (G.N.K.)
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5582-1340; Fax: +49-345-5582-1309
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Zhang ZB, Du SY, Ji B, Ji CJ, Xiao YW, Yan RM, Zhu D. New Helvolic Acid Derivatives with Antibacterial Activities from Sarocladium oryzae DX-THL3, an Endophytic Fungus from Dongxiang Wild Rice ( Oryza rufipogon Griff.). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071828. [PMID: 33805102 PMCID: PMC8037696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new helvolic acid derivatives (named sarocladilactone A (1), sarocladilactone B (2) and sarocladic acid A (3a)), together with five known compounds (6,16-diacetoxy-25-hy- droxy-3,7-dioxy-29-nordammara-1,17(20)-dien-21-oic acid (3b), helvolic acid (4), helvolinic acid (5), 6-desacetoxy-helvolic acid (6) and 1,2-dihydrohelvolic acid (7)), were isolated from the endophytic fungus DX-THL3, obtained from the leaf of Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated via HR-MS, extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis and comparison with reported data. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 exhibited potent antibacterial activities. In particular, sarocladilactone B (2), helvolinic acid (5) and 6-desacetoxy-helvolic acid (6) exhibited strongly Staphylococcus aureus inhibitory activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 4, 1 and 4 μg/mL, respectively. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds was primarily summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (Z.-B.Z.); (S.-Y.D.); (Y.-W.X.); (R.-M.Y.)
| | - Si-Yao Du
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (Z.-B.Z.); (S.-Y.D.); (Y.-W.X.); (R.-M.Y.)
| | - Bo Ji
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China;
| | - Chang-Jiu Ji
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, China
- Correspondence: (C.-J.J.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-15279850892 (C.-J.J.); +86-79188121934 (D.Z.)
| | - Yi-Wen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (Z.-B.Z.); (S.-Y.D.); (Y.-W.X.); (R.-M.Y.)
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China;
| | - Ri-Ming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (Z.-B.Z.); (S.-Y.D.); (Y.-W.X.); (R.-M.Y.)
| | - Du Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Subtropical Plant Resources of Jiangxi Province, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (Z.-B.Z.); (S.-Y.D.); (Y.-W.X.); (R.-M.Y.)
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China;
- Correspondence: (C.-J.J.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-15279850892 (C.-J.J.); +86-79188121934 (D.Z.)
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Kwofie SK, Broni E, Asiedu SO, Kwarko GB, Dankwa B, Enninful KS, Tiburu EK, Wilson MD. Cheminformatics-Based Identification of Potential Novel Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Natural Compounds of African Origin. Molecules 2021; 26:E406. [PMID: 33466743 PMCID: PMC7829843 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted negatively on public health and socioeconomic status, globally. Although, there are currently no specific drugs approved, several existing drugs are being repurposed, but their successful outcomes are not guaranteed. Therefore, the search for novel therapeutics remains a priority. We screened for inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein from an integrated library of African natural products, compounds generated from machine learning studies and antiviral drugs using AutoDock Vina. The binding mechanisms between the compounds and the proteins were characterized using LigPlot+ and molecular dynamics simulations techniques. The biological activities of the hit compounds were also predicted using a Bayesian-based approach. Six potential bioactive molecules NANPDB2245, NANPDB2403, fusidic acid, ZINC000095486008, ZINC0000556656943 and ZINC001645993538 were identified, all of which had plausible binding mechanisms with both viral receptors. Molecular dynamics simulations, including molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) computations revealed stable protein-ligand complexes with all the compounds having acceptable free binding energies <-15 kJ/mol with each receptor. NANPDB2245, NANPDB2403 and ZINC000095486008 were predicted as antivirals; ZINC000095486008 as a membrane permeability inhibitor; NANPDB2403 as a cell adhesion inhibitor and RNA-directed RNA polymerase inhibitor; and NANPDB2245 as a membrane integrity antagonist. Therefore, they have the potential to inhibit viral entry and replication. These drug-like molecules were predicted to possess attractive pharmacological profiles with negligible toxicity. Novel critical residues identified for both targets could aid in a better understanding of the binding mechanisms and design of fragment-based de novo inhibitors. The compounds are proposed as worthy of further in vitro assaying and as scaffolds for the development of novel SARS-CoV-2 therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K. Kwofie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana; (S.K.K.); (E.B.); (E.K.T.)
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana;
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Emmanuel Broni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana; (S.K.K.); (E.B.); (E.K.T.)
| | - Seth O. Asiedu
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 581, Accra, Ghana; (S.O.A.); (B.D.); (K.S.E.)
| | - Gabriel B. Kwarko
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana;
| | - Bismark Dankwa
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 581, Accra, Ghana; (S.O.A.); (B.D.); (K.S.E.)
| | - Kweku S. Enninful
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 581, Accra, Ghana; (S.O.A.); (B.D.); (K.S.E.)
| | - Elvis K. Tiburu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana; (S.K.K.); (E.B.); (E.K.T.)
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana;
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG 581, Accra, Ghana; (S.O.A.); (B.D.); (K.S.E.)
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Niesyto K, Neugebauer D. Linear Copolymers Based on Choline Ionic Liquid Carrying Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs: Influence of Anion Type on Physicochemical Properties and Drug Release. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010284. [PMID: 33396610 PMCID: PMC7795545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, drug nanocarriers were designed using linear copolymers with different contents of cholinium-based ionic liquid units, i.e., [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (TMAMA/Cl: 25, 50, and 75 mol%). The amphiphilicity of the copolymers was evaluated on the basis of their critical micelle concentration (CMC = 0.055–0.079 mg/mL), and their hydrophilicities were determined by water contact angles (WCA = 17°–46°). The chloride anions in the polymer chain were involved in ionic exchange reactions to introduce pharmaceutical anions, i.e., p-aminosalicylate (PAS−), clavulanate (CLV−), piperacillin (PIP−), and fusidate (FUS−), which are established antibacterial agents for treating lung and respiratory diseases. The exchange reaction efficiency decreased in the following order: CLV− > PAS− > PIP− >> FUS−. The hydrophilicity of the ionic drug conjugates was slightly reduced, as indicated by the increased WCA values. The major fraction of particles with sizes ~20 nm was detected in systems with at least 50% TMAMA carrying PAS or PIP. The influence of the drug character and carrier structure was also observed in the kinetic profiles of the release processes driven by the exchange with phosphate anions (0.5–6.4 μg/mL). The obtained polymer-drug ionic conjugates (especially that with PAS) are promising carriers with potential medical applications.
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Marian E, Tita B, Duteanu N, Vicas L, Ciocan S, Jurca T, Antal L, Tica O, Mureşan M, Pallag A, Micle O. Antimicrobial activity of fusidic acid inclusion complexes. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 101:65-73. [PMID: 33011279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To synthesize and characterize the inclusion complexes of fusidic acid with β - cyclodextrin, followed by the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity against pure strain (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25,923) and isolated Staphylococcus from clinical cases. METHODS The desired compounds were synthesized using molar ratio of fusidic acid: β-cyclodextrin of 1:1. Synthesized compounds were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Thermal Analysis, and the results confirmed the formation of inclusion compounds by fusidic acid with β-cyclodextrin. RESULTS Physical-chemical characterization confirmed the preparation of desired inclusion compounds, and the antimicrobial test confirmed that all compounds obtained have antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity of freeze-drying complex againstS. aureus is similar with pure fusidic acid activity, being better than the cefoxitin one. Similar behavior was observed against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis. CONCLUSIONS In the present work, three different inclusion complexes of fusidic acid were prepared using three different preparation methods. All inclusion complexes obtained presented good antimicrobial activity against differentS. aureus strains. Antimicrobial activity of these new prepared compounds was observed to be better than that of cefoxitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Marian
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Bogdan Tita
- Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, Pharmacy Faculty, 86 Liviu Rebreanu Street, 310045, Arad, Romania
| | - Narcis Duteanu
- University Politehnica of Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, 2 Victoria Square, 300006, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Laura Vicas
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Stefania Ciocan
- University Politehnica of Timisoara, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, 2 Victoria Square, 300006, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Tunde Jurca
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Liana Antal
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania.
| | - Otilia Tica
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Mariana Mureşan
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Annamaria Pallag
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
| | - Otilia Micle
- University of Oradea, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculty, Piata 1 Decembrie, 410028, Oradea, Romania
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Kong FD, Huang XL, Ma QY, Xie QY, Wang P, Chen PW, Zhou LM, Yuan JZ, Dai HF, Luo DQ, Zhao YX. Helvolic Acid Derivatives with Antibacterial Activities against Streptococcus agalactiae from the Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus HNMF0047. J Nat Prod 2018; 81:1869-1876. [PMID: 30070829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a hazardous pathogen that can cause great harm to humans and fish. In the present study, the known fungal metabolite helvolic acid (10), seven new helvolic acid derivatives named 16- O-deacetylhelvolic acid 21,16-lactone (2), 6- O-propionyl-6,16- O-dideacetylhelvolic acid 21,16-lactone (3), 1,2-dihydro-6,16- O-dideacetylhelvolic acid 21,16-lactone (4), 1,2-dihydro-16- O-deacetylhelvolic acid 21,16-lactone (5), 16- O-propionyl-16- O-deacetylhelvolic acid (6), 6- O-propionyl-6- O-deacetylhelvolic acid (7), and 24- epi-6β,16β-diacetoxy-25-hydroxy-3,7-dioxo-29-nordammara-1,17(20)-diene-21,24-lactone (9), and two known ones (1 and 8) were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus fumigatus HNMF0047 obtained from an unidentified sponge from Wenchang Beach, Hainan Province, China. The structures and the absolute configurations of the new compounds were unambiguously elucidated by spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic analyses along with quantum ECD calculations. In addition, the spectroscopic data of compound 1 are reported here for the first time, the configuration of C-24 of known compound 8 was revised based on comparison of its ROESY data with its C-24 epimer 9, and the absolute configuration of 8 was also determined for the first time. Compounds 6, 7, and 10 showed stronger antibacterial activity than a tobramycin control against S. agalactiae with MIC values of 16, 2, and 8 μg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Dong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Xiao-Long Huang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources , Hainan University , Haikou 570228 , China
| | - Qing-Yun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Qing-Yi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Pei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Peng-Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Li-Man Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Jing-Zhe Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Hao-Fu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
| | - Du-Qiang Luo
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education , Hebei University , Baoding 071002 , China
| | - You-Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture , Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences , Haikou 571101 , China
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Ibrahim ARS, Elokely KM, Ferreira D, Ragab AE. Microbial Oxidation of the Fusidic Acid Side Chain by Cunninghamella echinulata. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040970. [PMID: 29690500 PMCID: PMC6017311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotransformation of fusidic acid (1) was accomplished using a battery of microorganisms including Cunninghamella echinulata NRRL 1382, which converted fusidic acid (1) into three new metabolites 2⁻4 and the known metabolite 5. These metabolites were identified using 1D and 2D NMR and HRESI-FTMS data. Structural assignment of the compounds was supported via computation of ¹H- and 13C-NMR chemical shifts. Compounds 2 and 3 were assigned as the 27-hydroxy and 26-hydroxy derivatives of fusidic acid, respectively. Subsequent oxidation of 3 afforded aldehyde 4 and the dicarboxylic acid 5. Compounds 2, 4 and 5 were screened for antimicrobial activity against different Gram positive and negative bacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. intercellulare and Candida albicans. The compounds showed lower activity compared to fusidic acid against the tested strains. Molecular docking studies were carried out to assist the structural assignments and predict the binding modes of the metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahim S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Khaled M Elokely
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
- Institute for Computational Molecular Science and Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677-1848, USA.
| | - Amany E Ragab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Thakur K, Sharma G, Singh B, Jain A, Tyagi R, Chhibber S, Katare OP. Cationic-bilayered nanoemulsion of fusidic acid: an investigation on eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 33591 infection in burn wound. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018. [PMID: 29528278 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the current study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of cationic-charged bilayered nanoemulsion for topical delivery of fusidic acid in eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacterial burn wound infection. MATERIALS & METHODS The developed carriers were characterized for particle size, antibacterial activity, cell viability assay in HaCat cell lines, rheological profile, ex vivo and in vivo studies, namely, full thickness MRSA 33591 murine burn wound infection via topical route. RESULTS The developed cationic bilayered nanogel offered enhanced drug permeation, reduction in bacterial load and enhanced wound contraction along with faster re-epithelialization in burn wounds. CONCLUSION The results encourage the exploration of the potential of cationic nanogel in treating resistant microorganisms such as MRSA, especially for application in burn wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Thakur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Gajanand Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles & Nanocomposites (Biomedical Sciences), Punjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashay Jain
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rajeev Tyagi
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Medicine Georgia Regents University, 1120, 15th Street, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Om P Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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May Zin WW, Buttachon S, Dethoup T, Fernandes C, Cravo S, Pinto MMM, Gales L, Pereira JA, Silva AMS, Sekeroglu N, Kijjoa A. New Cyclotetrapeptides and a New Diketopiperzine Derivative from the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Neosartorya glabra KUFA 0702. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E136. [PMID: 27447650 PMCID: PMC4962026 DOI: 10.3390/md14070136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new cyclotetrapeptides, sartoryglabramides A (5) and B (6), and a new analog of fellutanine A (8) were isolated, together with six known compounds including ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one, ergosterol 5, 8-endoperoxide, helvolic acid, aszonalenin (1), (3R)-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,4-dihydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione (2), takakiamide (3), (11aR)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-5,11(10H,11aH)-dione (4), and fellutanine A (7), from the ethyl acetate extract of the culture of the marine sponge-associated fungus Neosartorya glabra KUFA 0702. The structures of the new compounds were established based on extensive 1D and 2D spectral analysis. X-ray analysis was also used to confirm the relative configuration of the amino acid constituents of sartoryglabramide A (5), and the absolute stereochemistry of the amino acid constituents of sartoryglabramide A (5) and sartoryglabramides B (6) was determined by chiral HPLC analysis of their hydrolysates by co-injection with the d- and l- amino acids standards. Compounds 1-8 were tested for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and Gram-negative (Staphyllococus aureus ATCC 25923) bacteria, as well as for their antifungal activity against filamentous (Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 46645), dermatophyte (Trichophyton rubrum ATCC FF5) and yeast (Candida albicans ATCC 10231). None of the tested compounds exhibited either antibacterial (MIC > 256 μg/mL) or antifungal activities (MIC > 512 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- War War May Zin
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Suradet Buttachon
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 10240 Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara Cravo
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Luís Gales
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - José A Pereira
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- Departamento de Química & QOPNA, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Nazim Sekeroglu
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Programme, Plant and Animal Sciences Department, Vocational School, Kilis Aralık University, 79000 Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Li XG, Pan WD, Zhang XJ, Xiao JH. [Antitumor Chemical Entities of Cordyceps taii Mycelia Powder from Guizhou]. Zhong Yao Cai 2015; 38:2083-2086. [PMID: 27254919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To seperate and identify the chemicals from the antitumor fraction of Cordyceps taii mycelia powder. METHODS The mycelia of Cordyceps taii were prepared by the submerged fermentation technique. Chemical entities in the antitumor fraction of Cordyceps taii were isolated and purified by using different column chromatographies (silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and MCI), and semi-preparative HPLC method. Theirs chemical structures were then identified by different spectrum techniques such as EI, ESI and 1D/2D-NMR, etc. The cytotoxic activity was investigated by the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. RESULTS Six compounds, such as 5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (1), ergosterol (2), adenine nucleoside (3), helvolic acid (4), deacetylcytochalasin C (5) and zygosporin D (6), were identified. The IC50 value of compound 2 against human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was 5.99 μmol/L, which was less than the half value of cisplatin, and had lower cytotoxicity to normal cells in comparison with cisplatin. CONCLUSION Six compounds have been isolated from the antitumor fraction of Cordyceps taii mycelia powder,of which compounds 1, 5 and 6 are isolated from Cordyceps taii for the first time. Compounds 1, 2 and 4 have cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, and should be the main antitumor compounds of Cordyceps taii.
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12
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Trenin AS. [Microbial test-system for screening of inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis]. Antibiot Khimioter 2013; 58:3-9. [PMID: 24640144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New effective economic microbial test-system for screening of microbial metabolites, that are inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis, is proposed. It is based on cultivation of fungal strain Acremonium fusidioides (former Fusidium coccineum), that produces fusidic acid (fusidin) that is antibiotic of steroid structure. Great similarity of fusidic acid biosynthesis in fungous strain and cholesterol biosynthesis in human organism, coincidence of their initial steps till squalene formation, allows use A. fusidioides as a model for estimation of microbial secondary metabolites that are potential inhibitors of sterol biosynthesis. Such inhibitors in A.fusidioides model are revealed as compounds that strongly reduce fusidin production without any visible influence on fungus growth. Mevalonate that is one of the crucial intermediates of sterol biosynthesis could be successfully applied for removal of inhibition induced by some microbial metabolites. A.fusidioides test-system can be easily mechanized because of miniaturization of microbiological procedures, cultivation in 6-, 24-, or 96-well plates and usage of automatic micropipettes and dispensers. The results of this model are well correlated with the ones obtained with human cells (Hep G2 test-system, offered earlier). A.fusidioides test-system can be applied at rather early stages of screening procedures and is quite effective for testing of crude extracts of producers' culture liquid.
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Selmer M, Gao YG, Weixlbaumer A, Ramakrishnan V. Ribosome engineering to promote new crystal forms. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr 2012; 68:578-83. [PMID: 22525755 PMCID: PMC3335287 DOI: 10.1107/s0907444912006348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Crystallographic studies of the ribosome have provided molecular details of protein synthesis. However, the crystallization of functional complexes of ribosomes with GTPase translation factors proved to be elusive for a decade after the first ribosome structures were determined. Analysis of the packing in different 70S ribosome crystal forms revealed that regardless of the species or space group, a contact between ribosomal protein L9 from the large subunit and 16S rRNA in the shoulder of a neighbouring small subunit in the crystal lattice competes with the binding of GTPase elongation factors to this region of 16S rRNA. To prevent the formation of this preferred crystal contact, a mutant strain of Thermus thermophilus, HB8-MRCMSAW1, in which the ribosomal protein L9 gene has been truncated was constructed by homologous recombination. Mutant 70S ribosomes were used to crystallize and solve the structure of the ribosome with EF-G, GDP and fusidic acid in a previously unobserved crystal form. Subsequent work has shown the usefulness of this strain for crystallization of the ribosome with other GTPase factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Selmer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England
| | - Yong-Gui Gao
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England
| | - Albert Weixlbaumer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England
| | - V. Ramakrishnan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, England
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Biswas T, Houghton JL, Garneau-Tsodikova S, Tsodikov OV. The structural basis for substrate versatility of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase CATI. Protein Sci 2012; 21:520-30. [PMID: 22294317 PMCID: PMC3375752 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel antibiotics are needed to overcome the challenge of continually evolving bacterial resistance. This has led to a renewed interest in mechanistic studies of once popular antibiotics like chloramphenicol (CAM). Chloramphenicol acetyltransferases (CATs) are enzymes that covalently modify CAM, rendering it inactive against its target, the ribosome, and thereby causing resistance to CAM. Of the three major types of CAT (CAT(I-III)), the CAM-specific CAT(III) has been studied extensively. Much less is known about another clinically important type, CAT(I). In addition to inactivating CAM and unlike CAT(III), CAT(I) confers resistance to a structurally distinct antibiotic, fusidic acid. The origin of the broader substrate specificity of CAT(I) has not been fully elucidated. To understand the substrate binding features of CAT(I), its crystal structures in the unbound (apo) and CAM-bound forms were determined. The analysis of these and previously determined CAT(I)-FA and CAT(III)-CAM structures revealed interactions responsible for CAT(I) binding to its substrates and clarified the broader substrate preference of CAT(I) compared to that of CAT(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Biswas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Jacob L Houghton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Life Sciences Institute, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109-2216
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Life Sciences Institute, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109-2216
| | - Oleg V Tsodikov
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michigan 48109
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15
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Bai-Baie SB, Laila L. Effects of aerosol formulation to amino acids and fatty acids contents in Haruan extract. Pak J Pharm Sci 2012; 25:1-6. [PMID: 22186302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Haruan (Channa striatus) extract was formulated to aerosol for wound and burn treatment. Haruan extract is containing amino acids and fatty acids that important for wound healing process. The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of formulation and other excipients in the formula to amino acids and fatty acids content in Haruan extract before and after formulated into aerosol. Precolumn derivatization with 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) method is used for amino acids analysis. Fatty acids in Haruan extract were esterified using transesterification method to form FAMEs before analyzed using GC. Boron trifluoride-methanol reagent is used for transesterification. Tyrosine and methionine concentrations were different after formulated. The concentrations were decrease. There are six fatty acids have amount that significantly different after formulated into concentrate and aerosol. Contents of these fatty acids were increase. Generally, fatty acids which had content increased after formulated were the long-chain fatty acids. This might be happen because of chain extension process. Saponification and decarboxylation would give the chain extended product. Therefore contents of long-chain fatty acids were increase. Generally, the aerosol formulation did not affect the amino acids concentrations in Haruan extract while some long-chain fatty acids concentrations were increase after formulated into concentrate and aerosol.
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Wu Q, Song YC, Xu H, Guo Y, Li J, Tan RX. Medium optimization for enhanced co-production of two bioactive metabolites in the same fermentation by a statistical approach. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2011; 13:1110-1121. [PMID: 22115035 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.618451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes improved optimization method that combines the one-factor-at-a-time method (OFAT), Plackett-Burman design, and the response surface method (RSM), which were used to optimize the medium for the production of fumigaclavine C (FC) and helvolic acid (HA) from endophytic Aspergillus fumigatus CY018 simultaneously. The ideal carbon and nitrogen sources for the two compounds were assessed initially via the one-factor-at-a-time method. Three key cultivation factors (pH, phosphate, and inoculum size) were chosen based on the results of Plackett-Burman design, and subsequently optimized by the central composite design. The two metabolites were amply afforded when the cultivation was carried out with the inoculum size of 2.45% at pH 4.2 and 28°C for 19 days in the medium containing (g/l): mannitol 50, sodium succinate 5.4, NaNO₃ 2, MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.3, FeSO₄·7H₂O 0.01, and KH₂PO₄ 0.67. The highest yields of FC and HA achieved herein were 17.26 and 16.88 mg/l. This work might be the first endeavor leading to the improved simultaneous production of two complex active metabolites with a single strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Gao YG, Selmer M, Dunham CM, Weixlbaumer A, Kelley AC, Ramakrishnan V. The structure of the ribosome with elongation factor G trapped in the posttranslocational state. Science 2009; 326:694-9. [PMID: 19833919 PMCID: PMC3763468 DOI: 10.1126/science.1179709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Elongation factor G (EF-G) is a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) that plays a crucial role in the translocation of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and messenger RNA (mRNA) during translation by the ribosome. We report a crystal structure refined to 3.6 angstrom resolution of the ribosome trapped with EF-G in the posttranslocational state using the antibiotic fusidic acid. Fusidic acid traps EF-G in a conformation intermediate between the guanosine triphosphate and guanosine diphosphate forms. The interaction of EF-G with ribosomal elements implicated in stimulating catalysis, such as the L10-L12 stalk and the L11 region, and of domain IV of EF-G with the tRNA at the peptidyl-tRNA binding site (P site) and with mRNA shed light on the role of these elements in EF-G function. The stabilization of the mobile stalks of the ribosome also results in a more complete description of its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gui Gao
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Ann C. Kelley
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - V. Ramakrishnan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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Cevher E, Orhan Z, Sensoy D, Ahiskali R, Kan PL, Sağirli O, Mülazimoğlu L. Sodium fusidate-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres: Preparation, characterisation andin vivoevaluation of their effectiveness in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. J Microencapsul 2008; 24:577-95. [PMID: 17654177 DOI: 10.1080/02652040701472584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to prepare poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres containing sodium fusidate (SF) using a double emulsion solvent evaporation method with varying polymer:drug ratios (1:1, 2.5:1, 5:1) and to evaluate its efficiency for the local treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. METHODS The particle size and distribution, morphological characteristics, thermal behaviour, drug content, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release assessments of the formulations had been carried out. Sterilized SF-PLGA microspheres were implanted in the proximal tibia of rats with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) osteomyelitis. After 3 weeks of treatment, bone samples were analysed with a microbiological assay. RESULTS PLGA microspheres between the size ranges of 2.16-4.12 microm were obtained. Production yield of all formulations was found to be higher than 79% and encapsulation efficiencies of 19.8-34.3% were obtained. DSC thermogram showed that the SF was in an amorphous state in the microspheres and the glass transition temperature (T(g)) of PLGA was not influenced by the preparation procedure. In vitro drug release studies had indicated that these microspheres had significant burst release and their drug release rates were decreased upon increasing the polymer:drug ratio (p < 0.05). Based on the in vivo data, rats implanted with SF-PLGA microspheres and empty microspheres showed 1987 +/- 1196 and 55526 +/- 49086 colony forming unit of MRSA in 1 g bone samples (CFU/g), respectively (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The in vitro and in vivo studies had shown that the implanted SF loaded microspheres were found to be effective for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in an animal experimental model. Hence, these microspheres may be potentially useful in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Cevher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Wang Y, Qin H, Kudaravalli RD, Kirillov SV, Dempsey GT, Pan D, Cooperman BS, Goldman YE. Single-molecule structural dynamics of EF-G--ribosome interaction during translocation. Biochemistry 2007; 46:10767-75. [PMID: 17727272 DOI: 10.1021/bi700657d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
EF-G catalyzes translocation of mRNA and tRNAs within the ribosome during protein synthesis. Detection of structural states in the reaction sequence that are not highly populated can be facilitated by studying the process one molecule at a time. Here we present single-molecule studies of translocation showing that, for ribosomes engaged in poly(Phe) synthesis, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the G' domain of EF-G and the N-terminal domain of ribosomal protein L11 occurs within two rapidly interconverting states, having FRET efficiencies of 0.3 and 0.6. The antibiotic fusidic acid increases the population of the 0.6 state, indicating that it traps the ribosome.EF-G complex in a preexisting conformation formed during translation. Only the 0.3 state is observed when poly(Phe) synthesis is prevented by omission of EF-Tu, or in studies on vacant ribosomes. These results suggest that the 0.6 state results from the conformational lability of unlocked ribosomes formed during translocation. An idling state, possibly pertinent to regulation of protein synthesis, is detected in some ribosomes in the poly(Phe) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6083, USA
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Søe R, Mosley RT, Justice M, Nielsen-Kahn J, Shastry M, Merrill AR, Andersen GR. Sordarin derivatives induce a novel conformation of the yeast ribosome translocation factor eEF2. J Biol Chem 2006; 282:657-66. [PMID: 17082187 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m607830200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sordarins are fungal specific inhibitors of the translation factor eEF2, which catalyzes the translocation of tRNA and mRNA after peptide bond formation. We have determined the crystal structures of eEF2 in complex with two novel sordarin derivatives. In both structures, the three domains of eEF2 that form the ligand-binding pocket are oriented in a different manner relative to the rest of eEF2 compared with our previous structure of eEF2 in complex with the parent natural product sordarin. Yeast eEF2 is also shown to bind adenylic nucleotides, which can be displaced by sordarin, suggesting that ADP or ATP also bind to the three C-terminal domains of eEF2. Fusidic acid is a universal inhibitor of translation that targets EF-G or eEF2 and is widely used as an antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria. Based on mutations conferring resistance to fusidic acid, cryo-EM reconstructions, and x-ray structures of eEF2, EF-G, and an EF-G homolog, we suggest that the conformation of EF-G stalled on the 70 S ribosome by fusidic acid is similar to that of eEF2 trapped on the 80 S ribosome by sordarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Søe
- Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Evans L, Hedger JN, Brayford D, Stavri M, Smith E, O'Donnell G, Gray AI, Griffith GW, Gibbons S. An antibacterial hydroxy fusidic acid analogue from Acremonium crotocinigenum. Phytochemistry 2006; 67:2110-4. [PMID: 16930645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A fusidane triterpene, 16-deacetoxy-7-beta-hydroxy-fusidic acid (1), was isolated from a fermentation of the mitosporic fungus Acremonium crotocinigenum. Full unambiguous assignment of all (1)H and (13)C data of 1 was carried out by extensive one- and two-dimensional NMR studies employing HMQC and HMBC spectra. Compound 1 was tested against a panel of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains and showed minimum inhibitory concentration values of 16 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Evans
- Hypha Discovery Ltd., School of Biosciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
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Falck E, Hautala JT, Karttunen M, Kinnunen PKJ, Patra M, Saaren-Seppälä H, Vattulainen I, Wiedmer SK, Holopainen JM. Interaction of fusidic acid with lipid membranes: Implications to the mechanism of antibiotic activity. Biophys J 2006; 91:1787-99. [PMID: 16782792 PMCID: PMC1544291 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.106.084525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the effects of cholesterol and steroid-based antibiotic fusidic acid (FA) on the behavior of lipid bilayers using a variety of experimental techniques together with atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations. Capillary electrophoretic measurements showed that FA was incorporated into fluid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine membranes. Differential scanning calorimetry in turn showed that FA only slightly altered the thermodynamic properties of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) bilayers, whereas cholesterol abolished all endotherms when the mole fraction of cholesterol (X(chol)) was >0.20. Fluorescence spectroscopy was then used to further characterize the influence of these two steroids on DPPC large unilamellar vesicles. In the case of FA, our result strongly suggested that FA was organized into lateral microdomains with increased water penetration into the membrane. For cholesterol/DPPC mixtures, fluorescence spectroscopy results were compatible with the formation of the liquid-ordered phase. A comparison of FA and cholesterol-induced effects on DPPC bilayers through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations showed that both FA and cholesterol tend to order neighboring lipid chains. However, the ordering effect of FA was slightly weaker than that of cholesterol, and especially for deprotonated FA the difference was significant. Summarizing, our results show that FA is readily incorporated into the lipid bilayer where it is likely to be enriched into lateral microdomains. These domains could facilitate the association of elongation factor-G into lipid rafts in living bacteria, enhancing markedly the antibiotic efficacy of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Falck
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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23
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Hansson S, Singh R, Gudkov AT, Liljas A, Logan DT. Structural insights into fusidic acid resistance and sensitivity in EF-G. J Mol Biol 2005; 348:939-49. [PMID: 15843024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2004] [Revised: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 02/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fusidic acid (FA) is a steroid antibiotic commonly used against Gram positive bacterial infections. It inhibits protein synthesis by stalling elongation factor G (EF-G) on the ribosome after translocation. A significant number of the mutations conferring strong FA resistance have been mapped at the interfaces between domains G, III and V of EF-G. However, direct information on how such mutations affect the structure has hitherto not been available. Here we present the crystal structures of two mutants of Thermus thermophilus EF-G, G16V and T84A, which exhibit FA hypersensitivity and resistance in vitro, respectively. These mutants also have higher and lower affinity for GTP respectively than wild-type EF-G. The mutations cause significant conformational changes in the switch II loop that have opposite effects on the position of a key residue, Phe90, which undergoes large conformational changes. This correlates with the importance of Phe90 in FA sensitivity reported in previous studies. These structures substantiate the importance of the domain G/domain III/domain V interfaces as a key component of the FA binding site. The mutations also cause subtle changes in the environment of the "P-loop lysine", Lys25. This led us to examine the conformation of the equivalent residue in all structures of translational GTPases, which revealed that EF-G and eEF2 form a group separate from the others and suggested that the role of Lys25 may be different in the two groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hansson
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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24
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Bhargava K, Templeton P, Spremulli LL. Expression and characterization of isoform 1 of human mitochondrial elongation factor G. Protein Expr Purif 2005; 37:368-76. [PMID: 15358359 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2004.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2004] [Revised: 06/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elongation factor G (EF-G) catalyzes the translocation step of protein biosynthesis. Genomic analysis suggests that two isoforms of this protein occur in mitochondria. The region of the cDNA coding for the mature sequence of isoform 1 of human mitochondrial EF-G (EF-G1(mt)) has been cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein has been purified to near homogeneity by chromatography on Ni-NTA resins and cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography. EF-G1(mt) is active on both bacterial and mitochondrial ribosomes. Human EF-G1(mt) is considerably more resistant to fusidic acid than many bacterial translocases. A molecular model for EF-G1(mt) has been created and analyzed in the context of its relationship to the translocases from other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Bhargava
- Department of Chemistry, Campus Box 3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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25
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Abstract
Immunological detection of secreted low molecular weight toxins represents a potentially novel means of diagnosing infection by the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Two such metabolites, gliotoxin and helvolic acid, were selected and conjugated to thyroglobulin for antisera generation in rabbits. Gliotoxin was initially activated using N-[p-maleimidophenyl] isocyanate (PMPI) and subsequently conjugated to S-acetyl thioglycolic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide-activated thyroglobulin, whereas helvolic acid was activated with N-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) in the presence of thyroglobulin prior to immunisation. To facilitate subsequent antisera evaluation, both toxins were similarly conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA). Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation-Time Of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed covalent attachment of toxins to BSA in the ratios of 15 and 2.4 mol per mol BSA for gliotoxin and helvolic acid, respectively. Resultant high titer antisera were capable of detecting both BSA-conjugated toxins (inhibitory concentration (IC)(50): 4-5 microg/ml). Free toxins were also detectable by competitive immunoassay, whereby 10 microg/ml free gliotoxin (30 microM) and helvolic acid (17 microM), respectively, inhibited antibody binding to cognate toxin-BSA previously immobilised on microwells. This work confirms that sensitive and specific antisera can be raised against fungal toxins and may have an application in diagnosing fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fox
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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26
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García-Rodríguez JA, Gutiérrez Zufiaurre N, Munoz Bellido JL. [Fusidic Acid]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2003; 16:161-71. [PMID: 12973454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J A García-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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27
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Jover A, Budal RM, Al-Soufi W, Meijide F, Vázquez Tato J, Yunes RA. Spectra and structure of complexes formed by sodium fusidate and potassium helvolate with beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin. Steroids 2003; 68:55-64. [PMID: 12475723 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(02)00115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The complexation of two steroid antibiotics of the fusidane family, sodium fusidate and potassium helvolate, by beta-CD and gamma-CD has been studied by using 1D and 2D-NMR techniques. Both guests form 1:1 complexes with gamma-CD and 1:2 (guest:cyclodextrin) complexes with beta-CD. Thus, both antibiotics behave as monotopic and ditopic guests when they are complexed by gamma-CD and beta-CD, respectively. Both steroids enter into the cavity of the gamma-CD by the side chain, reaching the central region of the steroid (rings C and D), whereas the A and B (partially) rings remain outside. For beta-CD complexes, ROESY spectra show a remarkable absence of interactions of the protons of the C and D rings, whereas clear interactions corresponding to the side chain, and A and B rings are observed. The obtained equilibrium constants (see previous paper) are discussed in terms of the structures proposed for the complexes. NMR spectra of sodium fusidate are revised, and a full assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra is presented for potassium helvolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Jover
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, Spain
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28
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Al-Soufi W, Cabrer PR, Jover A, Budal RM, Tato JV. Determination of second-order association constants by global analysis of 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts. Application to the complexation of sodium fusidate and potassium helvolate by beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin. Steroids 2003; 68:43-53. [PMID: 12475722 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(02)00114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The host-guest interaction between the steroid antibiotics sodium fusidate and potassium helvolate as guests and the hosts beta- and gamma-cyclodextrin was studied by 13C and 1H NMR techniques. The analysis of chemical shifts of individual nuclei leads to inconsistent values of the association constants and fails generally in the case of mixtures of 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometries. The problem of parameter correlation is identified and the global analysis of two or more nuclei is proposed as a very effective method for the detection of complexes of higher stoichiometries and for the precise determination of the involved association constants. A matrix formulation of global analysis and the determination of confidence intervals is described. An analytical solution of the cubic equation, necessary for the description of higher order complexes, is presented in detail and its use together with commercial fitting software is compared with dedicated implementations. gamma-Cyclodextrin forms with both studied steroids, sodium fusidate and potassium helvolate, 1:1 complexes with high values of the association constants, K(1)=(60+/-24)x10(3)lmol(-1), and K(2)=(22+/-9)x10(3)lmol(-1), respectively. To the contrary, beta-cyclodextrin forms 1:1 and 1:2 (guest:host) complexes with both steroids, with moderate K(1) and low K(2) values (K(1)=(0.74+/-0.13)x10(3)lmol(-1), K(2)=(0.210+/-0.075)x10(3)lmol(-1)), and (K(1)=(2.42+/-0.87)x10(3)lmol(-1), K(2)=(0.06+/-0.09)x10(3)lmol(-1)), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajih Al-Soufi
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-27002 Lugo, Spain.
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29
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De Vendittis E, De Paola B, Gogliettino MA, Adinolfi BS, Fiengo A, Duvold T, Bocchini V. Fusidic and helvolic acid inhibition of elongation factor 2 from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Biochemistry 2002; 41:14879-84. [PMID: 12475236 DOI: 10.1021/bi026743+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusidic acid (FA) and helvolic acid (HA) belong to a small family of naturally occurring steroidal antibiotics known as fusidanes. FA was studied for its ability to alter the biochemical properties supported by elongation factor 2 isolated from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsEF-2). Both poly(Phe) synthesis and ribosome-dependent GTPase (GTPase(r)) were progressively impaired by increasing concentrations of FA up to 1 mM, whereas no effect was measured in the intrinsic GTPase of SsEF-2 triggered by ethylene glycol in the presence of barium chloride (GTPase(g)). The highest antibiotic concentration caused inhibition of either poly(Phe) synthesis or GTPase(r) only slightly above 50%. A greater response of SsEF-2 was observed when HA was used instead of FA. HA caused even a weak impairment of GTPase(g). A mutated form of SsEF-2 carrying the L452R substitution exhibited an increased sensitivity to fusidane inhibition in either poly(Phe) synthesis or GTPase(r). Furthermore, both FA and HA were able to cause impairment of GTPase(g). The antibiotic concentrations leading to 50% inhibition (IC(50)) indicate that increased fusidane responsiveness due to the use of HA or the L452R amino acid replacement is mutually independent. However, their combined effect decreased the IC(50) up to 0.1 mM. Despite the difficulties in reaching complete inhibition of the translocation process in S. solfataricus, these findings suggest that fusidane sensibility is partially maintained in the archaeon S. solfataricus. Therefore, it is likely that SsEF-2 harbors the structural requirements for forming complexes with fusidane antibiotics. This hypothesis is further evidenced by the observed low level of impairment of GTPase(g), a finding suggesting a weak direct interaction between the archaeal factor and fusidanes even in the absence of the ribosome. However, the ribosome remains essential for the sensitivity of SsEF-2 toward fusidane antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele De Vendittis
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, via S. Pansini, 5, Italy.
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30
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O'Neill AJ, Bostock JM, Moita AM, Chopra I. Antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of resistance to cephalosporin P1, an antibiotic related to fusidic acid. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002; 50:839-48. [PMID: 12461002 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkf248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of cephalosporin P1, an antibiotic structurally related to fusidic acid, were examined. Cephalosporin P1 exhibited potent activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus and vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus. Mutants of S. aureus resistant to cephalosporin P1 arose with a frequency of 1.6 x 10(-6) for selections at 4 x MIC, a frequency similar to that for fusidic acid. The mutations conferred cross-resistance to fusidic acid and mapped in fusA, the gene encoding elongation factor G. Cross-resistance between cephalosporin P1 and fusidic acid also occurred for S. aureus fusA mutants selected with fusidic acid, and in fusidic acid-resistant clinical isolates. Plasmid pUB101, which mediates resistance to fusidic acid in S. aureus, also conferred resistance to cephalosporin P1. Escherichia coli was intrinsically resistant to both fusidic acid and cephalosporin P1, but deletion of the AcrAB efflux pump resulted in susceptibility to both antibiotics. Although complete cross-resistance between fusidic acid and cephalosporin P1 was demonstrated, the nature and location of fusA mutations in S. aureus when cephalosporin P1 was the selective agent frequently differed from those selected with fusidic acid. This may reflect differences in the interaction of the two antibiotics with the translational apparatus, which results in the selection of separate mutation classes for each antibiotic. Furthermore, in three of 14 mutants selected with fusidic acid, resistance was attributed to mutations lying outside fusA. In contrast, mutations in 10 mutants selected with cephalosporin P1 were all located in fusA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J O'Neill
- Antimicrobial Research Centre and Division of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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31
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Duvold T, Sørensen MD, Björkling F, Henriksen AS, Rastrup-Andersen N. Synthesis and conformational analysis of fusidic acid side chain derivatives in relation to antibacterial activity. J Med Chem 2001; 44:3125-31. [PMID: 11543681 DOI: 10.1021/jm010899a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel fusidic acid type antibiotics having flexible side chains are described. Saturation of the double bond between C-17 and C-20 of fusidic acid produces four stereoisomers differing in the configuration at C-17 and C-20. The structure-activity relationship of the stereoisomers was studied using computer-assisted analyses of low-energy conformations and crystallographic data. Only one of the four stereoisomers showed potent antibiotic activity comparable with that of fusidic acid, whereas the other three stereoisomers retained little or no activity. The orientation of the side chain is crucial, and there is only a limited space for bioactive side chain conformations. This investigation demonstrates the essential role of the side chain conformations in relation to antibacterial activity and contradicts earlier assumptions that the Delta17(20) bond is an essential feature in the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Duvold
- Leo Pharmaceutical Products, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark.
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32
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Abstract
After strict hygienical measures have been exhausted the use of plastic materials with antibacterial activity may reduce catheter related-bacterial colonization. An antimicrobial silicone catheter was investigated by HPLC-measurement, SEM, antimicrobial assays and standard biocompatibility tests. The modified catheter was highly biocompatible and the antimicrobial leaching non-toxic. The initially release rate was governed by the drug solubility in the 'sink' and surface loading ('burst effect'). The second continuous period depended on the drug velocity in the silicone matrix and was extended up to 100 days with a proportionality to square root of t for each drug. Diffusion exponents were in range of 2 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-9) (cm2 sec(-1)). The lower diffusion exponent of mupirocin was explained by its higher cohesion energy and lower physico-chemical compatibility with the embedding silicone. The antimicrobial drugs were in a molecular-dispersed state with the silicone-matrix, whereas superficially located crystals of the antibiotics covering the catheter surface could be demonstrated by SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Schierholz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Germany
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33
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Li Q, Liu WY. The interaction between "R/S domain" of rat 28S ribosomal RNA and ribosome-inactivating proteins investigated by fusidic acid. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1995; 37:877-83. [PMID: 8624493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between "R/S domain" of rat 28S rRNA and ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) has been studied by blocking the action site of RIPs on "R/S domain" of 28S rRNA with fusidic acid or S100. Fusidic acid alone could form stable complexes with rat ribosomes and block the action site of RNA N-glycosidases. incubation of fusidic acid and S100 or GDP with ribosomes could also protect ribosomes from the action of ricin A-chain. However, different effect of fusidic acid, S100 an dGDP was observed when alpha-sarcin was used. Fusidic acid alone could not block the action site of alpha-sarcin. Fusidic acid together with the elongation factors in S100 could block the action site of alpha-sarcin. These results are consistent with the previous report that ricin A-chain and alpha-sarcin recognized different conformation of "R/S domain" in rat 28S rRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Academia Sinica, China
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34
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Han K, Park JS, Chung YB, Lee MJ, Moon DC, Robinson JR. Identification of enzymatic degradation products of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH)/[D-Ala6] LHRH in rabbit mucosal homogenates. Pharm Res 1995; 12:1539-44. [PMID: 8584496 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016256009141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Han
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Korea
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35
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Abstract
We analyzed the freezing point depression and pNa measurements for aqueous solutions of sodium fusidate. At concentrations lower than 0.011 mol kg(-1), sodium fusidate behaves as a strong 1:1 electrolyte. At higher concentrations, sodium fusidate self-aggregates. To analyze the results two hypotheses on the monomer concentration are presented and discussed. The first one accepts that the monomer concentration, C(A), is constant and equal to 0.023 mol kg(-1). This concentration corresponds to a break point in the plot of the freezing point depression vs total sodium fusidate concentration, C(A)t. The second hypothesis accepts that C(A) increases with C(A)t following a leveling-off curve. Measurements of hydrodynamic radii and comparison with similar systems, such as sodium taurocholate, strongly support the second hypothesis. The results indicate that at concentrations lower than 0.08 mol kg(-1) the aggregation number increases from 2 to 3. Above this concentration, both the aggregation number and the fraction of bound counterions remain constant, with average values of 3.13 +/- 0.10 and 0.31 +/- 0.05, respectively. Such results indicate that for trimers only one Na+ counterion is involved per aggregate. We propose that this counterion shields the repulsion between the two nearest carboxylate groups which, according to a disklike model in which the monomers are packed with that group alternatively oriented up and down, should hold together. Values for the formation equilibrium constant of aggregates are also calculated. Its dependence with the aggregation number allows the determination of the reversible transfer of a free surfactant ion together with the associated counterions from the bulk solution to the aggregate, the resulting value being w(0) = -4.2k(B)T.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coello
- Universidade de Santiago, Campus de Lugo, Facultade de Ciencias, Departamentos de Química Física e Física Aplicada, Spain
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36
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Vahidi N, Clarkson RB, Liu KJ, Norby SW, Wu M, Swartz HM. In vivo and in vitro EPR oximetry with fusinite: a new coal-derived, particulate EPR probe. Magn Reson Med 1994; 31:139-46. [PMID: 8133749 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1910310207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The peak-to-peak line width (LW) of the first derivative electron spin resonance (EPR) spectrum of the coal maceral fusinite is reversibly broadened by O2. The extent of broadening per unit of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is unusually large, exceeding that of nitroxides by almost two orders of magnitude. This paramagnetic property of fusinite, combined with its very stable physicochemical properties and low toxicity, is shown to be of utility in the measurement of pO2 in vitro and in vivo. Fusinite particles are endocytosed by chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in vitro; this is useful for intracellular O2 measurements with commercially available EPR spectrometers operating at 9.1-9.3 GHz. For measurement of oxygen in vivo using low frequency EPR (1.1-1.3 GHz), fusinite provides a sensitive and persistent means to measure pO2 in tissues. Particles implanted into the gastrocnemius muscle of A/J mice remained interstitially in the same position for months with undiminished sensitivity to pO2 and no specific toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vahidi
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana
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37
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Abstract
Streptomyces lividans and several other Streptomyces species are resistant to the steroid-like antibiotic fusidic acid. This resistance is mediated by structural modification of the antibiotic. Using TLC, CD, UV, IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy the structure of one of the resulting inactive compounds was determined. It is derived from fusidic acid by the loss of an acetyl group and the formation of a lactone ring between C-21 and C-16. In addition, helvolic acid, a compound closely related to fusidic acid, has been shown to be modified.
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Affiliation(s)
- B von der Haar
- Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, University Osnabrück, Germany
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