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Mofarrah R, Mofarrah R, Gooranorimi P, Emadi S, Aski SG. KTWS (Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome): A systematic presentation of a rare disease. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2215-2219. [PMID: 38389293 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) is a rare disease with a wide range of manifestations. KTWS is characterized by a clinical triad of varicosities of the extremities, cutaneous vascular malformations, and hypertrophy of soft tissues and long bones. The diagnosis is made clinically supplemented with magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. AIM Hereby we aim to highlight the significance of the possible life-threatening first-time presentations associated with the GI system in previously undiagnosed KTWS patients. PATIENT We report the case of a 47-year-old male with KTWS, who presented with various symptoms such as rectorrhagia since childhood, digestive problems and abnormal lateral vascular malformations of the left buttock which extended all the way to the leg, vascular malformations of the left fourth and fifth toes as well as soft tissue swelling of the left foot. There was no evidence of other clinical presentations. The patient was hospitalized with severe rectorrhagia and a hemoglobin level of 3/9. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 85/55 and pulse rate of 115. Ruptured aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery was found on angiography and subsequently treated with embolization. Dermatologic evaluation showed pitting edema of the left leg and foot and multiple vascular lesions. Thus a diagnosis of KTWS was established. Pulsed dye laser therapy and compression bandage was performed for the patient. The patient's follow-up was done 3 months after discharge for which the patient was again consulted by a dermatologist and gastroenterologist. Lymphedema of the left leg had improved to a great extend so treatment with compression bandage was continued. Colonoscopy was repeated for the patient to evaluate and control possible active sources of bleeding, due to potential life-threating complications. RESULTS According to previous findings, there have been few case reports of KTWS presenting with gastrointestinal manifestations, fewer of which have covered acute life-threatening bleedings associated with this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramina Mofarrah
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Mofarrah
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Peyman Gooranorimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadaf Emadi
- Student Research Committee, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Bukhari S, Saati A. Upper-Extremity Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome. R I Med J (2013) 2024; 107:23-24. [PMID: 38687265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Bukhari
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
| | - Ammar Saati
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Reading L, Brown C, Pasqualini I, Huffman N, Piuzzi NS. 24-Year-Old Patient with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome Underwent Cementless Robotic Cruciate-Retaining TKA: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2024; 14:01709767-202406000-00008. [PMID: 38608129 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.23.00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
CASE A 24-year-old man with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) presented with severe knee osteoarthritis unresponsive to conservative measures. Owing to end-stage, debilitating arthritic symptoms, surgery was pursued. Careful preoperative, multidisciplinary planning/treatment included magnetic resonance imaging to characterize the venous malformations throughout the right lower extremity, preoperative sclerotherapy, sirolimus, and robotic-assisted cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA). CONCLUSION Cementless robotic-assisted TKA with selective patellar resurfacing can be a viable option for young KTS patients with severe osteoarthritis when a meticulous multidisciplinary approach, including sclerotherapy and advanced imaging, is undertaken to analyze vascular abnormalities, minimize surgical risks, preserve bone stock, and optimize outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Reading
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Colin Brown
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Nickelas Huffman
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Cleveland Clinic, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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Anthony L, Bayat I. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome or not? An exploration of atypical presentations. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e259763. [PMID: 38471707 PMCID: PMC10936486 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-259763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare, congenital disorder typically emerging in early infancy or childhood. The classic presentation of KTS is distinguished by a triad of clinical features: a port-wine stain, early-onset varicosities and limb overgrowth. However, a notable variant of KTS has been documented, characterised by limb shortening rather than lengthening, occasionally referred to as 'inverse KTS'. This report details two cases that display this unusual presentation-both patients had classical features of port-wine stain and varicose veins but both experienced shortening of the affected limb. Whether these cases represent a variant of KTS or a new clinical syndrome altogether is uncertain. They however offer valuable insights into the nuances and breadth of clinical manifestations associated with this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakmali Anthony
- Vascular Surgery, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iman Bayat
- Vascular Surgery, Northern Health, Epping, Victoria, Australia
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Li X, Li B, Hao K, Liu M, Guo J, Zhang Y, Hao Q, Zhang Y, Sun X, Wang R. Value of the short time inversion recovery sequence of magnetic resonance imaging in the staging of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome complicated with lymphedema. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2024; 12:101746. [PMID: 38158121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2023.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, the focus on limb lymphedema (LE) is on classification and staging. However, few scholars have conducted staging for Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome complicated LE (KTS-LE). This study aimed to investigate the value of the short time inversion recovery sequence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the staging of KTS-LE. METHODS Forty-six patients who were diagnosed with KTS-LE were recruited for this retrospective study from July 2011 to November 2022. Referring to the clinical staging standard of lower extremity LE of the International Society of Lymphology in 2020, all patients were divided into three groups: stages I, II, and III. The MRI indicators of the three groups were recorded and statistically compared: LE range (unilateral bilateral, lower limbs, only thighs, only calves and ankles), abnormal parts (skin thickening, abnormal subcutaneous fat signal, abnormal muscle signal, muscle hypertrophy or contraction, abnormal bone signal, hyperostosis), and subcutaneous soft tissue signs (parallel line sign, grid sign, band sign, honeycomb sign, lymph lake sign, crescent sign, and nebula sign). RESULTS There was a significant difference in the honeycomb sign among the three periods (P = .028). There was a significant difference between stage II and stage I disease (P < .05). There was a significant difference between stage II and stage III disease (P < .05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of the honeycomb sign in diagnosing KTS-LE of stage II were 87.5%, 63.2%, 33.3%, 96.0%, and 67.4%, respectively. In contrast, the other signs were not statistically significant among the three periods. CONCLUSIONS The short time inversion recovery sequence of MRI is of great value in KTS-LE. The honeycomb sign is an important imaging indicator for the diagnosis of stage II disease. It is necessary to evaluate the severity of edema with MRI for KTS-LE, which is very important for therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Kun Hao
- Department of Lymph Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Mengke Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Qi Hao
- Department Of Radiology, People's Hospital Of Peking University, The Second School Of Clinical Medicine Of Peking University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department Of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, Pr China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China
| | - Rengui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Pr China.
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Lin F, Yang K, Xu J, Wang G, Yang L, Huang J, Li D. Recurrent hematuria involving urinary system with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36923. [PMID: 38363945 PMCID: PMC10869090 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital venous malformation, it had been found to be caused by mutations of the phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-diphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene. Currently KTS is defined as a triad of skin wine pigmented spots, varicose veins and malformations of the lower extremities, and hypertrophy of bone and soft tissue, involving urinary system up to 6% to 30%. When the urinary system is involved, KTS is often presented as painless massive gross hematuria. PATIENT CONCERNS This article describes a woman who was hospitalized with painless massive gross hematuria. Physical examination revealed significant hypertrophy of the right lower limb with varicose veins, port-wine stains in the skin, and right perineal hemangiomatous changes with swelling. The patient was admitted to hospital 4 times for repeated hematuria and infection. DIAGNOSES By physical examination, CT urography, ureteroscopy and cystoscopy, the patient was diagnosed to have Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, involving the urinary system. INTERVENTIONS The patient hematuria improved after multiple indwelling D-J tubes and anti-inflammatory treatment. OUTCOMES The final symptoms of hematuria improved significantly, follow-up so far has not recurred. LESSONS This case presents the possibility of painless gross hematuria with KTS. Most of patients can be improved by conservative treatment. Cystoscopic laser therapy is the preferred treatment for poor bleeding control. Cystectomy and nephrectomy should be considered when life-threatening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kewei Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiadong Xu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinrong Huang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Miyashita K, Kadota H, Hanada M, Inatomi Y, Oryoji C, Morishita A, Yoshida S, Oda Y, Kinoshita I. Multiple Lymphaticovenular Anastomoses for Chyluria in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:208-211. [PMID: 38170969 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is characterized by port-wine stains, mixed vascular malformations, and soft tissue and bone hypertrophy. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is occasionally complicated by chyluria, for which there is no effective treatment currently. We report a case of KTS complicated by intractable chyluria and hematuria due to a lymphatic-ureteral fistula. The patient was successfully treated with multiple lymphaticovenular anastomoses (LVAs).A 66-year-old woman with an enlarged left lower extremity since childhood was diagnosed with KTS. At 60 years of age, she developed chyluria (urine albumin, 2224 μg/mL) and hematuria. Lymphoscintigraphy showed a lymphatic-ureteral fistula near the ureterovesical junction. Conservative treatment was ineffective. She also developed left lower extremity lymphedema, which gradually worsened. Leg cellulitis and purulent pericarditis developed because of hypoalbuminemia (minimum serum albumin level, 1.3 g/dL).We performed 14 LVAs in 2 surgeries to reduce lymphatic fluid flow through the lymphatic-ureteral fistula. The chyluria and hematuria resolved soon after the second operation, and the urine albumin level decreased (3 μg/mL). After 28 months, she had no chyluria or hematuria recurrence and her serum albumin level improved (3.9 g/dL). Multiple LVAs can definitively treat chyluria caused by a lymphatic-ureteral fistula in patients with KTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Miyashita
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Hideki Kadota
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Masuo Hanada
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Yusuke Inatomi
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Chikafumi Oryoji
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Aki Morishita
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Sei Yoshida
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Izumi Kinoshita
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Li J, Lv G, Han Z, Xin X. Total knee arthroplasty in patients with Klippel Trenaunay syndrome and knee osteoarthritis: A case report and a literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37000. [PMID: 38277530 PMCID: PMC10817098 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Klippel Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by wine staining, varicose veins, bone hypertrophy, and soft tissue hyperplasia. KTS usually occurs at birth, early infancy or childhood. The rarity of disease makes it difficult to calculate its incidence rate. However, few studies report the incidence rate of 2 to 5 cases per 100 thousand. Furthermore, evidence demonstrates that KTS is more prevalent among males compared to females. CASE PRESENTATION An elderly male aged 67, was admitted to the hospital for chronic pain in his left knee. An outpatient physical examination reveals a significantly thicker left lower limb accompanied by multiple varicose veins. The right lower limb was 2 cm short on the opposite side, and the right foot was stunted with high arch deformity. The entire body was covered in a red grape globus, which faded after pressing. He was diagnosed with KTS. We performed TKA for him after blood coagulation examination. The patient recovered well after the operation. He was followed up for 1 year, The patient is in good condition and satisfied with the operation. CONCLUSION For patients with KTS, total knee arthroplasty is an effective surgical procedure to treat arthritis. However, some risks must be considered, and appropriate surgical preparation must be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Li
- Shandong Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Guangshui Lv
- Shandong Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Shandong Wendeng Orthopedic Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu Y, Liu L, Liu X, Liu R, Cui C, Cao H. Subcutaneous Cavernous Haemangioma in a Patient with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome: A Case Report. Curr Med Imaging 2024; 20:e15734056251193. [PMID: 38087454 DOI: 10.2174/0115734056251193231016042812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disease that mainly involves blood vessels and is characterized by the presence of capillary malformations (port wine stains), varicose veins, soft tissue and/or bone hypertrophy. Case Presentation We report a 28-year-old man who was diagnosed 20 years ago with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Approximately 3 years ago, he found enlarged masses on both upper extremities and a new dark red mass that was pathologically diagnosed as cavernous haemangioma appeared on the right index finger. Conclusion KTS is a rare and potentially multisystem disease requiring multidisciplinary management for which imaging examination is an important auxiliary diagnostic method. Various complications may occur during its development, so regular follow-up is required to prevent serious accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rengui Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmao Cui
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaize Cao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Xue W, Yan X, Yu X, Tang X, Xu H. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome and pregnancy: A Case-Report. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 291:96-98. [PMID: 37857148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome is a benign disease with a low incidence rate. Pregnant women with KTS may be at increased risk of thrombosis and coagulopathy due to normal hemodynamic changes during pregnancy. The choice of delivery route for KTS pregnant woman needs rigorous evaluation. This study reported a case of successful delivery by oxytocin combined with balloon catheter induction for the first time, providing more options for KTS pregnant woman. At the same time, this study reported a successful case of labor induced by oxytocin combined with balloon catheter for the first time, which further explored the obstetric management of pregnant women with KTS and provided them with more delivery options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Xue
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yan
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinying Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaofang Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongbin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.188, Gehu Middle Road, Wujin District, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Josep RS, Carles C, María M, Marina U, Javier PM, Fredzzia G, Inés P, Taco O, Rosana G, Ángela C, Laura C, Javier J, Gerardo T, Jaume S, Carlos E, Joan A, Carlos GS, Jordi B, Anna V. Kidney transplant and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome: an unusual association. Nefrologia 2023; 43 Suppl 2:135-137. [PMID: 38278715 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Riera-Sadurní Josep
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cañameras Carles
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Molina María
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Urrutia Marina
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Paul-Martínez Javier
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Graterol Fredzzia
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perezpayá Inés
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Omar Taco
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Gelpi Rosana
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Casas Ángela
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Cañas Laura
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Juega Javier
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Tovar Gerardo
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Sampere Jaume
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Esteban Carlos
- Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain; Servició de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Areal Joan
- Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - González Satué Carlos
- Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Bover Jordi
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - Vila Anna
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain; Grupo REMAR-IGTP, Instituto de Investigación Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
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Kyriakides DE, Michaelides D, Lambrianides S. Parkes Weber syndrome: a rare cause of foot drop. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254455. [PMID: 37793841 PMCID: PMC10551922 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a patient in her late 60s, previously diagnosed with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome who presented with difficulty walking. A year prior to her presentation she had a fall which made her notice a painless foot drop on the right. Her right leg was profoundly hypertrophied compared with the left, and a port-wine stain was present on the lateral side, extending from the hip to the mid-shin. The patient's differential diagnosis based on clinical examination and investigations is discussed leading to a final diagnosis of sciatic neuropathy secondary to an arteriovenous malformation due to Parkes Weber syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sakis Lambrianides
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
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13
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Gindelskhi Sagiv R, Vishnevskia-Dai V. A Patient with Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome and Mild Ophthalmic Manifestations. Isr Med Assoc J 2023; 25:698-699. [PMID: 37847001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
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14
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Wang H, Lin W, Xie C, Yang W, Zhou J, Guo Z. Gastrointestinal involvement in Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome: pathophysiology, evaluation, and management. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:288. [PMID: 37700367 PMCID: PMC10496303 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome is typically a complex combined capillary-lymphatic-venous malformation in lower limb. Gastrointestinal involvement is not infrequent in Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome. Rectal bleeding is the most common complication. In recent years, this condition has been increasingly reported. However, most authors simply described extreme manifestations or various combinations of clinical observations. The underlying pathophysiology of gastrointestinal involvement in Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome has been underrecognized. Pathophysiologically, some seemingly adequate managements are pitfalls in treatment. Anorectosigmoid vascular malformations in KTS have distinct and more complicated pathophysiologies than anorectal vascular malformation. Once understanding the pathophysiology, some patients can be successfully managed with a staged plan in our practice. Therefore, recognizing the pathophysiologies of gastrointestinal involvement is needed to evaluate, prevent pitfalls, and determine adequate managements for practitioners. Because of the complexity and rarity of this condition, prospective controlled study or a large cohort of patients is impossible. Based on literature review and our practice, we discuss pathophysiologies, evaluation, pitfalls, and treatment strategies for gastrointestinal involvement in Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaijie Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Weilong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Weijia Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinbang Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengtuan Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery & Vascular Anomalies, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, 710100, Xi'an, China.
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15
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Senthilkumar VA, Kohli P, Mishra C, Mamchisetti K. Ocular features in a patient presenting with a rare combination of multiple phakomatoses. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e252746. [PMID: 36384883 PMCID: PMC9670835 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-252746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phakomatoses are a group of congenital disorders characterised by hamartomatous lesions of the skin as well as the central and peripheral nervous systems. The presence of naevus flammeus or port-wine stain is a characteristic feature of many such disorders including Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) and Phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV).We describe the ocular findings in a patient with coexisting PPV, SWS and KTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piyush Kohli
- Department of Vitreoretinal services, C.L. Gupta Eye Institute, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chitaranjan Mishra
- Department of Glaucoma, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Wang H, Lin W, Guo Z. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with gastrointestinal involvement and portal hypertension-evaluation and management. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1455-1457. [PMID: 35527218 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaijie Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Weilong Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an 710100, China
| | - Zhengtuan Guo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an 710100, China.
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17
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Cortellazzo Wiel L, Berti I, Starc M, Murru FM, Barbi E, Risso FM. Unilateral leg swelling in a newborn. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2022; 107:271-273. [PMID: 33208400 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-320450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A female neonate was born with asymmetric lower limbs, the right leg appearing enlarged, with thickened, reddish-purple skin and ectasic superficial reticulum (figure 1A,B). Limb pulses were present and symmetrical. The girl's family history and prenatal scans were unremarkable. Laboratory findings were within the normal range, except for a mild thrombocytopenia (90 000/μL), which spontaneously resolved during the next few days. A leg X-ray and the Doppler analysis ruled out the presence of calcifications and venous varices, respectively. Ultrasound showed significant skin thickening, with marked dermal hypertrophy and hyperechogenicity. Magnetic resonance showed circumferential thickening of the derma, with mild hypertrophy of some perforating vessels (figure 2). A biopsy of the right thigh showed capillary malformations on histology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Berti
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Meta Starc
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Flora Maria Murru
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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18
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Faisant MC, Legros L, Préaubert L, Forey PL, Blaise S, Equy V, Riethmuller D. [Management of pregnant woman with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: A rare and complex situation, about a case report]. Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol 2022; 50:563-565. [PMID: 35472443 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M-C Faisant
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - L Legros
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - L Préaubert
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - P-L Forey
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - S Blaise
- Médecine vasculaire, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - V Equy
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - D Riethmuller
- Département de gynécologie-obstétrique et médecine de la reproduction, CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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19
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Benson E, Chen H, Nakhosteen A, Yoong W. Management of postpartum haemorrhage in a patient with Klippel-Trènaunay syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e246601. [PMID: 35131786 PMCID: PMC8823054 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trènaunay syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterised by vascular malformations, which may be exacerbated during pregnancy and pose considerable thromboembolic and haemorrhagic risk for obstetric patients. We report on a patient with this syndrome who underwent elective caesarean section which was indicated due to previous obstetric anal sphincter injury. We describe her multidisciplinary preoperative planning and successful management of major postpartum haemorrhage with uterine compression sutures and intrauterine balloon tamponade ('uterine sandwich').
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Benson
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust Ferriman Information and Library Service, London, UK
| | - Huigen Chen
- St George's International School of Medicine, Grenada, UK
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust Ferriman Information and Library Service, London, UK
| | - Ali Nakhosteen
- Department of Radiology, North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Wai Yoong
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust Ferriman Information and Library Service, London, UK
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20
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Ma X, Zhang X, Hu B, Wen T. Hematemesis secondary to cavernous transformation of the portal vein in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:1659-1660. [PMID: 33004293 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianfu Wen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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21
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Gautam K, Thapa S, Twayana AR, Chhantyal L, Poudel P, Avinash KC, Chand S. Undiagnosed Case of Klippel-Trenaunnay Syndrome Presenting as Extensive Heterotrophic Ossification and Flexion Deformity of Right Lower Limb Requiring Amputation : A Case Report. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2021; 59:938-941. [PMID: 35199719 PMCID: PMC9107906 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.6932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunnay Syndrome is a rare disease characterized by a clinical triad of capillary malformation, soft tissue and bony hypertrophy, and atypical varicosity. This syndrome ranges from asymptomatic disease to life-threatening bleeding, embolism, and deformities. Management includes early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of complications. We present a case of a 43-year-old male presenting with pain, swelling and deformity of the right leg for 30 years. On examination, diffusely enlarged tender right limb with several dark patchy discolorations, multiple tortuous vessels were found. Right leg X-ray showed heterotrophic ossification and distortion of ankle joint. Due to chronic severe pain, recurrent infection, contracture and flexion deformity of right leg, the patient underwent above knee amputation. This case focuses on the variable presentation and multiple problems faced by patients with Klippel-Trenaununay Syndrome as they get diagnosed late and shows the importance of high index of suspicion for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Gautam
- Department of Paediatric Research, Patan Hospital, Lagankhel, Nepal
| | - Sangharsha Thapa
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal
| | - Anu Radha Twayana
- Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal
- Correspondence: Dr. Anu Radha Twayana, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavrepalanchowk, Nepal. , Phone: +977-9849989965
| | | | | | | | - Swati Chand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, USA
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22
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Mahjoub A, Gilbert G, Turkula S, Mendez G, Graf K, Kim TWB. Treatment of Femoral Shaft Fractures in Patients with Klippel-Trénaunay Syndrome: A Report of 2 Cases. JBJS Case Connect 2021; 11:01709767-202109000-00084. [PMID: 34398848 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.21.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CASES Long-bone fractures in patients with Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome (KTS), a rare disorder of the venous, lymphatic, and capillary system, are difficult to treat with many complications. Two patients diagnosed with KTS presented with closed femoral shaft fractures after low-energy falls. Conservative treatment, open reduction internal fixation, and intramedullary nailing resulted in painful nonunions. Ultimately, both patients achieved pain relief and the ability to ambulate after en bloc resection and reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS These cases demonstrate the challenges in achieving bony union when treating long-bone fractures in KTS. The feasibility of undergoing extensive resection and reconstruction to regain function is best approached with a multidisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Mahjoub
- Cooper Bone and Joint Institute, Camden, New Jersey
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23
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Vergadi E, Goniotakis I, Maraki S, Galanakis E. Extensive Cellulitis and Bacteremia Due to Streptococcus Pseudoporcinus in a Child With Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021; 40:e316-e318. [PMID: 33941742 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pseudoporcinus is a newly recognized β-hemolytic streptococcus, that is considered a rare pathogen in adults. Infections in children have not been reported. We describe a child with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome that developed of S. pseudoporcinus cellulitis and bacteremia, which was difficult-to-treat, relapsed and required prolonged antibiotic courses. S. pseudoporcinus can cause invasive infection in children, especially in the presence of predisposing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Vergadi
- From the Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioannis Goniotakis
- From the Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sofia Maraki
- Department of Microbiology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Galanakis
- From the Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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24
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Tabarki B, Hundallah K, Biary N. Unilateral Lennox–Gastaut syndrome associated with Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome. NSJ 2021; 26:218-219. [PMID: 33814378 PMCID: PMC8024136 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2021.2.20200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brahim Tabarki
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (Tabarki, Hundallah)Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Neurology (Biary), Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Dr. Brahim Tabarki, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
E-mail: ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-0489
| | - Khaled Hundallah
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (Tabarki, Hundallah)Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Neurology (Biary), Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nabil Biary
- From the Division of Pediatric Neurology (Tabarki, Hundallah)Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Neurology (Biary), Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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25
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Yu D, Sun L, Chen T. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome associated with umbilical cord hemangioma. J Clin Ultrasound 2021; 49:254-256. [PMID: 33210306 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.22896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe a case of prenatal diagnosed Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome, which mainly manifested as hypertrophy of the left thigh, and was associated with umbilical cord hemangioma and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for 1q21.2 q44. This case report describes the second reported case associated with umbilical cord hemangioma and the first reported case with LOH for 1q21.2 q44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yu
- Department of Special Examinations, Qingdao Women and Chlidren's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- Department of Special Examinations, Qingdao Women and Chlidren's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Taotao Chen
- Department of Special Examinations, Qingdao Women and Chlidren's Hospital, Qingdao, China
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26
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Mattioli M, Pagliariccio G, Carbonari L. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome associated to squamous cell carcinoma: a safe choice. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e241380. [PMID: 33563682 PMCID: PMC7875257 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-241380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mattioli
- UOC Pronto Soccorso e Medicina d'Urgenza, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pagliariccio
- SOD Chirurgia Vascolare, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Umberto I G M Lancisi G Salesi, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luciano Carbonari
- SOD Chirurgia Vascolare, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona Umberto I G M Lancisi G Salesi, Ancona, Italy
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27
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Sait H, Sahi PK, Kapoor S. Portal Hypertension in a Case of Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome. Indian Pediatr 2020. [PMID: 32844765 PMCID: PMC7444182 DOI: 10.1007/s13312-020-1925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haseena Sait
- Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Kaur Sahi
- Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Seema Kapoor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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28
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Pérez-Alfayate R, Martínez-Moreno N, Rosati SD, Moreu-Gamazo M, Pérez-García C, Martínez-Alvarez R. Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome Associated with Multiple Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations: Usefulness of Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery in This Syndrome. World Neurosurg 2020; 141:425-429. [PMID: 32534263 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) is characterized by the presence of a combined vascular malformation of capillaries, veins, and lymphatic vessels; congenital venous abnormalities; and limb hypertrophy. Its association with neurovascular abnormalities is infrequent, and the presence of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is extremely rare. CASE DESCRIPTION We report a case of a 48-year-old male diagnosed with KTWS who spontaneously presented with a cerebral hemorrhage. Computed tomography scan and angio-computed tomography studies revealed bleeding associated with AVM rupture. In the conventional arteriography study, 10 small (<1 cm) AVMs were observed. The patient presented a good clinical recovery. These multiple small lesions were not considered susceptible to surgical or endovascular treatments. Therefore all lesions were treated with Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery since it attains the highest dose drop and minimal irradiation of the healthy parenchyma. One year after the treatment, the lesions have shrunk. CONCLUSIONS Cerebral AVMs are extremely rare in KTWS cases; however, their presence can have serious consequences if they are treated. We find it advisable to include brain imaging tests, such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, to diagnose and monitor KTWS. Furthermore, a Gamma Knife may be useful when multiple AVMs are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Pérez-Alfayate
- Neurosurgery Department, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Santiago Dario Rosati
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Moreu-Gamazo
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Pérez-García
- Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Zhang J, Wang K, Mei J. Late puerperal hemorrhage of a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18378. [PMID: 31852150 PMCID: PMC6922477 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder. The obstetric course of women with KTS varies. Complications include bleeding, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), thromboembolic events, etc. PATIENT CONCERNS:: Here, we report a case of late puerperal hemorrhage of a Chinese puerpera with KTS. The repeating severe hemorrhage, the DIC, and the Kasabach-Merrit syndrome made the treatment more difficult. DIAGNOSIS KTS is a mixed malformation with a vascular component that is characterized by abnormal development of veins, capillaries, and lymphatics. Our patient was first diagnosed with KTS at the last trimester of pregnancy. INTERVENTIONS Massive infusion of blood products, two laparotomies, as well as bilateral internal iliac artery embolization was carried out. OUTCOMES Although the patient survived from the life-threatening hemorrhage, she lost her uterus forever. CONCLUSION An interdisciplinary cooperation of obstetrician, anesthesiologist, vascular surgeon, and intensive care physician is highly recommended. Prophylactic anticoagulation is generally advised in the gestational and postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Kana Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital and Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital
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30
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Díaz Alcázar MDM, Ruiz Escolano E, García Robles A. Prehepatic portal hypertension of a vascular origin: Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2019; 111:979. [PMID: 31755276 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2019.6597/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Female of 17 years-old with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome: port-wine stain, overgrowth of bone and soft tissue in limbs, dental malposition and intellectual disability. Moreover, severe portal hypertension due to portal vein malformation. The Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome includes venous and capillary malformations in the skin, hypertrophy of bones and soft tissue in a limb and, in some patients, lymphatic malformations. Structural abnormalities of the deep venous system can also occur in addition to the key clinical features, although there are few case reports with portal hypertension due to portal vein malformation published.
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Ochoco GETD, Enriquez CAG, Urgel RJDL, Catibog JS. Multimodality imaging approach in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:e228257. [PMID: 31434664 PMCID: PMC6706670 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder presenting with asymmetric limb hypertrophy, cutaneous capillary malformations and lower extremity varicosities. We discuss a 27-year-old man born with varicosities on both lower extremities, which progressively enlarged. Physical examination showed a grossly enlarged right hand. There were multiple compressible varicosities, diffuse port-wine stains on the right leg and limb-length discrepancy on the left leg. CT angiogram and Doppler ultrasound revealed several venous varicosities. Ectatic veins in the right leg converge into the lateral marginal vein of Servelle, an embryonic vein, typically seen in KTS patients. KTS is diagnosed clinically and imaging plays a role in differentiating this from other disease entities that present similarly. Doppler ultrasound is the initial imaging of choice to characterise varicosities and to identify thrombosis and reflux. Plain radiographs confirm limb hypertrophy. MRI and CT angiograms are useful to evaluate vascular anomalies and its accompanying soft tissue changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jason S Catibog
- Radiology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
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Bettocchi C, Spilotros M, Lucarelli G, Utano E, Sebastiani F, Bittner L, Ditonno P, Battaglia M. Penile prosthesis implant for primary erectile dysfunction in patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome complicated by consumptive coagulopathy: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16741. [PMID: 31393387 PMCID: PMC6708871 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a congenital disorder characterized by cutaneous port wine capillary malformations, varicose veins with hemihypertrophy of soft tissue and bone.Pelvic and retroperitoneal vascular malformations have been described up to the 30% of patients with KTS while hemangiomas of the urinary tract have been reported in 6% PATIENT CONCERNS:: A 30-year-old man with KTS was referred to our center for primary erectile dysfunction (ED) associated with varicosities of unusual distribution and asymmetry of the lower limbs. Furthermore, he suffered from hypertension and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.During penile prosthesis implantation, a significant intraoperative bleeding (1 liter) due to large scrotal venous malformations and profuse bleeding from both corpora was recorded. One month later, the day after the first prosthesis training session, the patient returned with swelling in the penoscrotal region. A large inguino-scrotal hematoma was drained. There was a complete bilateral dehiscence of corpora cavernosa with a spread venous bleeding in the scrotum. DIAGNOSES CT scan showed hypertrophy of the right hypogastric artery with severe vascular malformations: the right pudendal artery was massively dilated with early visualization of venous drainage without evidence of arteriovenous fistulae; regular bulbocavernous capillary blush; right upper gluteus artery hypertrophic and dilated. Multiple twisting and aneurysms of the right internal pudenda artery were bleeding from multiple points. Cystoscopy showed a fistula between the proximal urethra and the penoscrotal dartos. Coagulation tests revealed the presence of factor XIII deficiency INTERVENTIONS:: The patient underwent several procedures including percutaneous scleroembolization of the internal pudendal arteries, removal of the penile implant, recombinant factor XIII (FXIII) administration, and cord blood platelet gel application. OUTCOMES The patient was discharged after almost 3 months in hospital, hemodynamically stable. LESSONS Experience regarding management of ED in KTS patient is limited and in case of concomitant factor XIII deficiency, the clinical scenario can be life-threatening. A multidisciplinary approach including a urologist, an interventional radiologist and a hematologist in our experience represented the key approach in case of severe bleeding following surgery for ED.
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Karadag A, Senoglu M, Sayhan S, Okromelidze L, Middlebrooks EH. Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome with Atypical Presentation of Cerebral Cavernous Angioma: A Case Report and Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2019; 126:354-358. [PMID: 30905648 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) is a rare syndrome characterized by the triad of cutaneous hemangiomas, venous varicosities, and osseous-soft tissue hypertrophy of the affected limb. Clinical manifestations, genetic testing, and radiologic imaging are the key steps in diagnosing this syndrome. CASE DESCRIPTION An 18-month-old boy was brought for follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a history of right lower limb hypertrophy, cutaneous varicosities, and hemangiomas diagnosed at birth. A baseline MRI at 12 months revealed multiple hemorrhagic lesions within the cerebrum, the largest in the right temporal lobe, which was treated surgically at the age of 18 months because of its rapid growth. This is the youngest patient with KTWS treated surgically for intracranial hemangiomas. CONCLUSION KTWS is a rare disease with a wide range of manifestations. Multisystemic evaluation of this group of patients should be performed to identify cavernous hemangiomas at the early stage of life and adequately treat them in the future. Treatment of KTWS patients with cavernous hemangiomas should not be different from the treatment of patients with any other hemangiomas, and surgical intervention should be considered on a case-to-case bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Karadag
- Department of Neurosurgery, Menemen State Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Senoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Health Science University, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sevil Sayhan
- Department of Pathology, Health Science University, Tepecik Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Lela Okromelidze
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Adabala V, Govil N. Anesthetic challenges in a case of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome with severe anaemia. J Clin Anesth 2018; 53:27-28. [PMID: 30290279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Adabala
- Department of Anesthesiology, AIIMS, Rishikesh 249203, India
| | - Nishith Govil
- Department of Anesthesiology, AIIMS, Rishikesh 249203, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Swinn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwick Park Hospital, Middlesex, England
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lawlor
- Coventry & Warwickshire Hospital
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Reyes-Capó D, Cavuoto KM, Chang TC. Outcomes of Infantile-Onset Glaucoma Associated With Port Wine Birthmarks and Other Periocular Cutaneous Vascular Malformation. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2018; 7:95-98. [PMID: 29280366 DOI: 10.22608/apo.2017447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of infantile-onset secondary glaucoma associated with periocular cutaneous vascular malformations is high and the outcomes of these glaucomatous eyes have anecdotally been poor. The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomic and visual outcomes of affected eyes. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Consecutive patients with early-onset (younger than 36 months of age) glaucoma associated with cutaneous vascular malformations from 1995‒2015 were included. RESULTS Seventeen eyes of 13 patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SW, n = 10), Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTW, n = 1), cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC, n = 1), and phakomatosis pigmentovascularis (PPV, n = 1) were included. Three SW and 1 KTW patient had bilateral glaucoma. At presentation, mean age was 6.5 ± 9.1 months and mean intraocular pressure was 27.2 ± 6.13 mm Hg. The average number of surgical procedures per eye increased from 1.0 ± 0.5 (range, 0‒2) at less than 5 years' follow-up (9 eyes) to 3.5 ± 2.3 (range, 1‒7) with at least 5 years' follow-up (8 eyes). Visual acuity was better than or equal to 20/70 in 2 of 6 eyes (33%) with less than 5 years' follow-up and in 3 of 7 eyes (43%) with at least 5 years' follow-up. Additionally, a higher number of baseline risk factors correlated with poorer visual outcome. CONCLUSIONS After a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, visual outcome in infantile-onset secondary glaucoma associated with cutaneous periocular vascular malformation is guarded. Increased numbers of baseline risk factors and procedures are associated with poorer vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Reyes-Capó
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Kara M Cavuoto
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Ta C Chang
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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Kigawa I, Aiba M, Ito A. [Intravenous Ablation for Lower Extremity Varices to Prevent Recurrent Pulmonary Embolism in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome;Report of a Case]. Kyobu Geka 2017; 70:504-506. [PMID: 28698417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome( KTS) is a complex congenital anomaly characterized by lower extremity varix and venous malformations, port-wine stains, and soft tissue and bone hypertrophy. We present a case of a 35-year-old man of KTS with pulmonary embolism (PE). The patient was referred to our hospital complaining of the leg pain and sudden onset of dyspnea. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed lower extremity varices, superficial thrombophlebitis and bilateral pulmonary thrombi. No venous malformations except for varicose veins were revealed in the limbs or pelvis. The patient received adequate anticoagulant therapy with edoxaban, followed by intravenous radiofrequency ablation for lower extremity varices. Two months after the operation, the patient suffered from thrombophlebitis in the leg again, however, CT showed no pulmonary thrombus. This case report suggests that intravenous ablation for lower extremity varices in KTS prevented recurrent PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikutaro Kigawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Totsuka Kyoritsu Daini Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Agrawal N, Vasavada A. Rare Association of Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome with Large Pulmonary Embolism and Asymmetrical Emphysematous Bullae. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2016; 26:432-434. [PMID: 27225153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rarely encountered congenital disease characterized by a triad of enlarged arteries and veins, limb hypertrophy and capillary malformations. We are presenting an interesting case of a 23-year male who had been previously diagnosed to have Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. The patient presented with large pulmonary embolism after having undergone laser surgery for varicose veins. The diagnostic chest computed tomography (CT) performed also revealed the co-existence of severe destructive pulmonary parenchymal disease involving large areas of the pulmonary parenchyma and formation of large emphysematous bullae having an asymmetric involvement of the left lung field. The patient was managed with thrombolysis with a bolus fibrinolytic agent and subsequently underwent an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter implantation to prevent further episodes of embolism in the presence of a compromised lung. The association of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome with recurrent pulmonary embolism and unexplained pulmonary parenchymal disease leading to almost complete destruction of large areas of lung fields is interesting and has never been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Agrawal
- Department of Cardiology, Care Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Apurva Vasavada
- Department of Cardiology, Care Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India
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Abstract
<strong>Keywords:</strong> Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome; Venous Thrombosis.
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41
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Mirfazaelian H, Hourfar F, Negahban S, Ansari M, Daneshbod Y. A man with two syndromes. Intern Emerg Med 2014; 9:693-4. [PMID: 24574005 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-014-1061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Mirfazaelian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Bhadauria D, Mahapatra A, Singh A, Kaul A, Prasad N, Sharma RK, Lal H, Mohindra S. Severe anemia, hemoptysis, and melena with rapidly crescentic glomerulonephritis. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:1893-1894. [PMID: 25226597 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Bhadauria
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - Amit Mahapatra
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Ajay Singh
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Anupma Kaul
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Narayan Prasad
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Raj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Hira Lal
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sameer Mohindra
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Mokri B. Klippel–Trenaunay–Weber syndrome (KTWS) and spontaneous spinal CSF leak: coincidence or link. Headache 2014; 54:726-31. [PMID: 24666237 DOI: 10.1111/head.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To highlight the occurrence of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in the setting of Klippel–Trenaunay–Weber syndrome (KTWS). BACKGROUND KTWS is a congenital multicomponent disorder of angiogenesis plus limb asymmetry. The cause of spontaneous CSF leaks often remains unknown, but the notion of a pre-existing dural weakness related to a disorder of connective tissue matrix is gaining momentum. REPORT OF CASES AND METHODS: Two women with KTWS developed spontaneous CSF leaks. Each underwent extensive head and spine imaging studies. One patient underwent surgery to treat the CSF leak and later an epidural blood patch upon partial recurrence of her symptoms. The other patient, who had intermittent CSF leak, developed cerebral venous thrombosis requiring several months of anticoagulation therapy. Both patients have histories of visceral bleeding: gastrointestinal in 1 patient and genitourinary in the other. RESULTS The predominant site of vascular anomaly was the left lower limb in 1 patient and the right upper limb in the other, while the involved limb was larger in 1 patient and smaller in the other. Each patient presented with orthostatic headaches. One had additional choreiform movements and cognitive difficulties that responded to the treatment of the leak. Head magnetic resonance imaging in both patients showed diffuse pachy meningeal enhancement and evidence of sinking of the brain. Computed tomography myelography in 1 patient disclosed the site of the leak; and she underwent surgery to treat the leak, and later an epidural blood patch upon partial recurrence of her symptoms to which she responded well. The other patient had intermittent leak with history of long remission and was reluctant to go through invasive diagnostic or therapeutic measures. CONCLUSION The occurrence of an uncommon disorder (spontaneous CSF leak) in the setting of a rare congenital disorder in 2 unrelated patients is intriguing. Whether this represents coincidence or a link is not clear but deserves further observations and investigation.
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Sfaihi L, Aissa K, Fourati H, Kamoun F, Mnif Z, Kamoun T, Hachicha M. Klippel Trenaunay syndrome in association with Sturge Weber syndrome about one case. Tunis Med 2014; 92:173-174. [PMID: 24938246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Wibke Uller
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, USA
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Yamada T, Ohba T, Seino Y. Reply to the letter: Misdiagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Intern Med 2014; 53:527. [PMID: 24583452 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.53.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshimasa Yamada
- Division of Cardiology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Japan
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Pedersen RS, Hedelund L, Poulsen LH, Bach A, Keller J. [Fatal Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome in a child with pulmonary embolism]. Ugeskr Laeger 2013; 175:2183-2184. [PMID: 24044539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome is characterized by the venous varicosities, ipsilateral cutaneous capillary malformations, and bony/soft-tissue overgrowth. Potential complications such as hypercoagulability, thrombosis and pulmonary embolism have been casuistically reported. Here, we describe a child with Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome complicated by a pulmonary embolism leading to sudden death.
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Oduber CEU, van Beers EJ, Bresser P, van der Horst CMAM, Meijers JCM, Gerdes VEA. Venous thromboembolism and prothrombotic parameters in Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Neth J Med 2013; 71:246-252. [PMID: 23799311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS), a congenital combined vascular (capillary, venous and lymphatic) malformation with localised disturbed growth, venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) are frequently reported in small cohorts. DESIGN AND METHODS We quantified the frequency of VTE by screening a large KTS-patient cohort with duplex compression ultrasonography. Additionally, we performed a case-control study to evaluate whether coagulation alterations were related to VTE and magnitude of vascular malformations as quantified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS Twenty-nine (39%) of 75 patients had signs of current or previous VTE, including superficial venous thrombosis, six (8%) of whom had a deep venous thrombosis or a pulmonary embolism. Compared with 105 controls, 54 adult patients (both: median age 33 years) had higher plasma levels of D-dimer, medians 266 (IQR 195-366) versus 457 (IQR 270-3840) mg÷l (p.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E U Oduber
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Hu P, Zhang GY, Wang Y, Cheng Y, Wang LL. Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome in combination with congenital dislocation of the hip. J Chin Med Assoc 2013; 76:229-31. [PMID: 23557891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare and sporadic disorder characterized by the triad of capillary malformations, venous varicosities, and limb hypertrophy. The clinical manifestations of KTS are heterogeneous. In this report, we present a unique case of KTS in combination with congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) in a 4-day-old female neonate. The patient had a widespread port-wine stain surrounded by regions of unaffected skin in a mosaic pattern, cutaneous hemangioma on the upper lip, left-sided hemihypertrophy involving the entire body, and also evidence of left CDH (based on the results of a physical examination and radiographic interpretation). We present this case for the rarity of presentation, discuss the relationship between KTS and CDH, and the treatment options available with a brief review of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Yamada Y, Yamada K, Yamamoto K, Takeuchi A, Tsuchiya H. [Epidural block for lower limb amputation in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome]. Masui 2013; 62:213-216. [PMID: 23479928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A 23-year-old man with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) was scheduled for left lower limb amputation. He had complained of severe lower limb pain. Oral administration of acetaminophen, duloxetine, and morphine did not alleviate the pain. Epidural block was performed preoperatively after confirming there were no abnormal angiomas in the lumbar spinal canal on CT scan. The pain was alleviated by the epidural block. The epidural block was also useful during the operation and postoperative pain management. There were no complications related to the epidural block. KTWS is a rare congenital malformation characterized by the triad of varicose veins, capillary malformations, and bony or soft tissue hypertrophy in affected limbs. Some patients with KTWS have epidural hemangioma and cerebral or spinal cord arteriovenous fistulas. There have been some reports of rupture of epidural hemangioma resulting in progressive paraplegia. When epidural block is scheduled for patients with KTWS, CT scan should be performed to investigate abnormal vessels in the lumbar spinal canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-8641
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