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Yan ZM, Liu YQ, Xu QL, Lin J, Liu X, Zhu QP, Chen XJ, Liu TB, Lian XL. [Regulatory Mechanism of Mangiferin Combined with Bortezomib on Malignant Biological Behavior of Burkitt Lymphoma and Its Effect on Expression of CXC Chemokine Receptors]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 31:1394-1402. [PMID: 37846690 DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2023.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of mangiferin combined with bortezomib on the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and autophagy of human Burkitt lymphoma Raji cells, as well as the expression of CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs) family, and explore the molecular mechanism between them to provide scientific basis for basic research and clinical work of Burkitt lymphoma. METHODS Raji cells were intervened with different concentrations of mangiferin and bortezomib alone or in combination, then cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay, cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell chamber method, cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI double-staining flow cytometry, apoptosis, autophagy and Akt/mTOR pathway protein expression were detected by Western blot, and the expression changes of CXCR family was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS Different concentrations of mangiferin intervened Raji cells for different time could inhibit cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (r =-0.682, r =-0.836). When Raji cells were intervened by combination of mangiferin and bortezomib, compared with single drug group, the proliferation and invasion abilities were significantly decreased, while the apoptosis level was significantly increased (P <0.01). Mangiferin combined with bortezomib could significantly up-regulate the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and down-regulate the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 after intervention in Raji cells. Caspase-3 was also hydrolyzed and activated, and then induced the apoptosis of Raji cells. Mangiferin combined with bortezomib could up-regulate the expression of LC3Ⅱ protein in Raji cells, and the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ in cells was significantly up-regulated compared with single drug or control group (P <0.01). Mangiferin combined with bortezomib could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation levels of Akt and mTOR, inhibit the proliferation and invasion of Raji cells by inhibiting Akt/mTOR pathway, and induce cell autophagy and apoptosis. Mangiferin and bortezomib could down-regulate the expressions of CXCR4 and CXCR7 mRNA after single-agent intervention in Raji cells, and the down-regulations of CXCR4 and CXCR7 mRNA expression were more significant when the two drugs were combined (P <0.01). Mangiferin alone or combined with bortezomib had no significant effect on CXCR5 mRNA expression in Raji cells (P >0.05), while the combination of the two drugs could down-regulate the expression of CXCR3 (P <0.05). CONCLUSION Mangiferin combined with bortezomib can synergistically inhibit the proliferation and invasion of Raji cells, and induce autophagy and apoptosis. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, and the inhibition of the expression of CXCR family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Min Yan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China.E-mail:
| | - Yan-Quan Liu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing-Lin Xu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Zhu
- Department of Intensive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Ji Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ting-Bo Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Lian
- Institute of Hematology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
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Sherif MF, Ismail IM, Ata SMS. Expression of CXCR7 in colorectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma: Correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Ann Diagn Pathol 2020; 49:151621. [PMID: 32949893 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2020.151621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, it ranks third in cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Although great progress has been made in early diagnosis and combined treatment of CRC, the prognosis of patients remains poor owing to the high rate of recurrence and distant metastasis. CXCR7 belongs to chemokine receptor family and has been identified as a novel receptor for CXCL12. It plays an important role in development and in progression of cancer to metastatic stage. THE AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CXCR7 in colorectal adenoma and carcinoma and to analyze its correlation with clinicopathological factors. This is retrospective study including 58 colonic adenocarcinoma specimens and 18 cases of colonic adenoma. RESULTS CXCR7 showed positive cytoplasmic expression in two out 18 cases of colorectal adenoma (11%) and 42 out of 58 cases of CRC (72.4%) with a significant difference between both (p < 0.001). We found a significant correlation between upregulation of CXCR7 and presence of lymphovascular tumor emboli, presence of lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage of the CRC. The association of the CXCR7 with patient age, sex, tumor size, depth of invasion and tumor cell differentiation was found to be non-significant. Regarding colonic adenoma, we found no significant association between CXCR7 expression on one hand and patient age, sex, tumor size, histologic type and degree of dysplasia on the other hand. CONCLUSION CXCR7 in CRC may act as a novel predictive indicator for prognosis and even be a potential molecular target for anticancer therapies.
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Smith DK, Hasanali SL, Wang J, Kallifatidis G, Morera DS, Jordan AR, Terris MK, Klaassen Z, Bollag R, Lokeshwar VB, Lokeshwar BL. Promotion of epithelial hyperplasia by interleukin-8-CXCR axis in human prostate. Prostate 2020; 80:938-949. [PMID: 32542667 PMCID: PMC8327464 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical manifestation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is causally linked to the inflammatory microenvironment and proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells in the prostate transitional zone. The CXC-chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) contributes to inflammation. We evaluated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in clinical specimens, primary cultures, and prostatic lineage cell lines. We investigated whether IL-8 via its receptor system (IL-8 axis) promotes BPH. METHODS The messenger RNA and protein expression of chemokines, including components of the IL-8 axis, were measured in normal prostate (NP; n = 7) and BPH (n = 21), urine (n = 24) specimens, primary cultures, prostatic lineage epithelial cell lines (NHPrE1, BHPrE1, BPH-1), and normal prostate cells (RWPE-1). The functional role of the IL-8 axis in prostate epithelial cell growth was evaluated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. The effect of a combination with two natural compounds, oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA), was evaluated on the expression of the IL-8 axis and epithelial cell growth. RESULTS Among the 19 inflammatory chemokines and chemokine receptors we analyzed, levels of IL-8 and its receptors (CXCR1, CXCR2), as well as, of CXCR7, a receptor for CXCL12, were 5- to 25-fold elevated in BPH tissues when compared to NP tissues (P ≤ .001). Urinary IL-8 levels were threefold to sixfold elevated in BPH patients, but not in asymptomatic males and females with lower urinary tract symptoms (P ≤ .004). The expression of the IL-8 axis components was confined to the prostate luminal epithelial cells in both normal and BPH tissues. However, these components were elevated in BPH-1 and primary explant cultures as compared to RWPE-1, NHPrE1, and BHPrE1 cells. Knockout of CXCR7 reduced IL-8, and CXCR1 expression by 4- to 10-fold and caused greater than or equal to 50% growth inhibition in BPH-1 cells. Low-dose OA + UA combination synergistically inhibited the growth of BPH-1 and BPH primary cultures. In the combination, the drug reduction indices for UA and OA were 16.4 and 7852, respectively, demonstrating that the combination was effective in inhibiting BPH-1 growth at significantly reduced doses of UA or OA alone. CONCLUSION The IL-8 axis is a promotor of BPH pathogenesis. Low-dose OA + UA combination inhibits BPH cell growth by inducing autophagy and reducing IL-8 axis expression in BPH-epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra K. Smith
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Sarrah L. Hasanali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Georgios Kallifatidis
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Daley S. Morera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Andre R. Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Martha K. Terris
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Roni Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Bio-Repository Alliance of Georgia for Oncology (BRAG-Onc), Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Vinata B. Lokeshwar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Bal L. Lokeshwar
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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Moreno MJ, Gallardo A, Novelli S, Mozos A, Aragó M, Pavón MÁ, Céspedes MV, Pallarès V, Falgàs A, Alcoceba M, Blanco O, Gonzalez-Díaz M, Sierra J, Mangues R, Casanova I. CXCR7 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies a subgroup of CXCR4+ patients with good prognosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198789. [PMID: 29920526 PMCID: PMC6007902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The CXCR4/CXCL12 axis has been extensively associated with different types of cancer correlating with higher aggressiveness and metastasis. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in the dissemination of malignant B cells and is a marker of poor prognosis. CXCR7 is a chemokine receptor that binds to the same ligand as CXCR4 and regulates de CXCR4-CXCL12 axis. These findings together with the report of CXCR7 prognostic value in several tumor types, led us to evaluate the expression of CXCR7 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma biopsies. Here, we describe that CXCR7 receptor is an independent prognostic factor that associates with good clinical outcome. Moreover, the expression of CXCR7 associates with increased survival in CXCR4+ but not in CXCR4- DLBCL patients. Thus, the combined immunohistochemical evaluation of both CXCR7 and CXCR4 expression in DLBCL biopsies may improve their prognostic value as single markers. Finally, we show that CXCR7 overexpression in vitro is able to diminish DLBCL cell survival and increase their sensitivity to antitumor drugs. Hence, further studies on the CXCR7 receptor may establish its role in DLBCL and the molecular mechanisms that modulate CXCR4 activity.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Biopsy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CXCL12/physiology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- Prognosis
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Receptors, CXCR/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CXCR/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR/physiology
- Receptors, CXCR4/analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Moreno
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvana Novelli
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Mozos
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Aragó
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pavón
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Virtudes Céspedes
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Pallarès
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Department of Hematology and Pathology, IBSAL-University Hospital, Center for Cancer Research-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- CIBER in Oncology (CIBER-ONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Blanco
- Department of Hematology and Pathology, IBSAL-University Hospital, Center for Cancer Research-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos Gonzalez-Díaz
- Department of Hematology and Pathology, IBSAL-University Hospital, Center for Cancer Research-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- CIBER in Oncology (CIBER-ONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Sierra
- Department of Hematology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Mangues
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Isolda Casanova
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomecidicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Luo Y, Azad AK, Karanika S, Basourakos SP, Zuo X, Wang J, Yang L, Yang G, Korentzelos D, Yin J, Park S, Zhang P, Campbell JJ, Schall TJ, Cao G, Li L, Thompson TC. Enzalutamide and CXCR7 inhibitor combination treatment suppresses cell growth and angiogenic signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer models. Int J Cancer 2018; 142:2163-2174. [PMID: 29277895 PMCID: PMC5867246 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that increased levels of chemokine receptor CXCR7 are associated with the increased invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. We now show that CXCR7 expression is upregulated in VCaP and C4‐2B cells after enzalutamide (ENZ) treatment. ENZ treatment induced apoptosis (sub‐G1) in VCaP and C4‐2B cells, and this effect was further increased after combination treatment with ENZ and CCX771, a specific CXCR7 inhibitor. The levels of p‐EGFR (Y1068), p‐AKT (T308) and VEGFR2 were reduced after ENZ and CCX771 combination treatment compared to single agent treatment. In addition, significantly greater reductions in migration were shown after combination treatment compared to those of single agents or vehicle controls, and importantly, similar reductions in the levels of secreted VEGF were also demonstrated. Orthotopic VCaP xenograft growth and subcutaneous MDA133‐4 patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) tumor growth was reduced by single agent treatment, but significantly greater suppression was observed in the combination treatment group. Although overall microvessel densities in the tumor tissues were not different among the different treatment groups, a significant reduction in large blood vessels (>100 μm2) was observed in tumors following combination treatment. Apoptotic indices in tumor tissues were significantly increased following combination treatment compared with vehicle control‐treated tumor tissues. Our results demonstrate that significant tumor suppression mediated by ENZ and CXCR7 combination treatment may be due, in part, to reductions in proangiogenic signaling and in the formation of large blood vessels in prostate cancer tumors. What's new? Despite promising initial responses to androgen deprivation therapy, advanced prostate cancer eventually progresses to metastatic castration‐resistant disease in the majority of men. This increased aggressiveness in tumor behavior is associated with elevated expression of chemokine receptor CXCR7. Here, in VCaP and C4‐2B prostate cancer cell lines, combined treatment with the androgen receptor signaling inhibitor enzalutamide (ENZ) and the CXCR7 inhibitor CCX771 was found to enhance apoptosis and suppress cell motility, invasion and proangiogenic signaling. Experiments in orthotopic VCaP xenograft and subcutaneous MDA133‐4 patient‐derived xenograft models corroborated observations in cells and demonstrated significant reductions in blood vessel formation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Benzamides
- Cell Growth Processes/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Nitriles
- Phenylthiohydantoin/administration & dosage
- Phenylthiohydantoin/analogs & derivatives
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/blood supply
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant/pathology
- Receptors, CXCR/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CXCR/biosynthesis
- Up-Regulation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Styliani Karanika
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Spyridon P. Basourakos
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Xuemei Zuo
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Jianxiang Wang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Luan Yang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Guang Yang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Dimitrios Korentzelos
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Jianhua Yin
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Sanghee Park
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Penglie Zhang
- ChemoCentryx Headquarters, 850 Maude Ave.Mountain ViewCA
| | | | | | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of EpidemiologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Likun Li
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
| | - Timothy C. Thompson
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genitourinary Medical OncologyThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe BoulevardHoustonTX
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Yang D, Dai T, Xue L, Liu X, Wu B, Geng J, Mao X, Wang R, Chen L, Chu X. Expression of chemokine receptor CXCR7 in colorectal carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:13051-13058. [PMID: 26722500 PMCID: PMC4680445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that chemokine receptor CXCR7 plays critical roles in tumor development. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of CXCR7 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has not been fully understood. The aim of our study is to investigate the expression of CXCR7 and its clinical significance in CRC. First, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot assays were performed to determine the expression of CXCR7 mRNA and protein in 20 paired of CRC tissues and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues. Next, immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of CXCR7 protein in another 96 cases of CRC tissues, and analyze its correlation with clinicopathological factors of patients. Finally, the correlation of CXCR7 with 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) was statistically analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Results showed that the expression levels of CXCR7 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in normal tissues. Positive CXCR7 expression was observed to be significantly correlated with lymph nodal metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P = 0.017), and advanced TNM stage (P < 0.001). Patients with positive expression of CXCR7 were demonstrated to be associated with worse OS and PFS (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, multivariate survival analysis revealed that CXCR7 expression level might be an independent predictive factor for OS and PFS of CRC patients. Collectively, positive CXCR7 expression in CRC was correlated with tumor development and poor prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tingting Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lijun Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaobei Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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7
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Banisadr G, Podojil JR, Miller SD, Miller RJ. Pattern of CXCR7 Gene Expression in Mouse Brain Under Normal and Inflammatory Conditions. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2015; 11:26-35. [PMID: 25997895 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-015-9616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCL12 acting via its G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) CXCR4 has been implicated in neurogenesis, neuromodulation, brain inflammation, HIV-1 encephalopathy and tumor growth. CXCR7 was identified as an alternate receptor for SDF-1/CXCL12. Characterization of CXCR7-deficient mice demonstrated a role for CXCR7 in fetal endothelial biology, cardiac development, and B-cell localization. Despite its ligand binding properties, CXCR7 does not seem to signal like a conventional GPCR. It has been suggested that CXCR7 may not function alone but in combination with CXCR4. Here, we investigated the regional localization of CXCR7 receptors in adult mouse brain using CXCR7-EGFP transgenic mice. We found that the receptors were expressed in various brain regions including olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, subventricular zone (SVZ), hypothalamus and cerebellum. Extensive CXCR7 expression was associated with cerebral blood vessels. Using cell type specific markers, CXCR7 expression was found in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors. GAD-expressing neurons exhibited CXCR7 expression in the hippocampus. Expression of CXCR7 in the dentate gyrus included cells that expressed nestin, GFAP and cells that appeared to be immature granule cells. In mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), CXCR7 was expressed by migrating oligodendrocyte progenitors in the SVZ. We then compared the distribution of SDF-1/CXCL12 and CXCR7 using bitransgenic mice expressing both CXCR7-EGFP and SDF-1-mRFP. Enhanced expression of SDF-1/CXCL12 and CXCR7 was observed in the corpus callosum, SVZ and cerebellum. Overall, the expression of CXCR7 in normal and pathological nervous system suggests CXCR4-independent functions of SDF-1/CXCL12 mediated through its interaction with CXCR7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Banisadr
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E Superior Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Joseph R Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Richard J Miller
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E Superior Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Mühlethaler-Mottet A, Liberman J, Ascenção K, Flahaut M, Balmas Bourloud K, Yan P, Jauquier N, Gross N, Joseph JM. The CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 Axis Is Involved in a Secondary but Complex Control of Neuroblastoma Metastatic Cell Homing. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125616. [PMID: 25955316 PMCID: PMC4425663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most deadly solid tumors of the young child, for which new efficient and targeted therapies are strongly needed. The CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis has been involved in the progression and organ-specific dissemination of various cancers. In NB, CXCR4 expression was shown to be associated to highly aggressive undifferentiated tumors, while CXCR7 expression was detected in more differentiated and mature neuroblastic tumors. As investigated in vivo, using an orthotopic model of tumor cell implantation of chemokine receptor-overexpressing NB cells (IGR-NB8), the CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 axis was shown to regulate NB primary and secondary growth, although without any apparent influence on organ selective metastasis. In the present study, we addressed the selective role of CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors in the homing phase of metastatic dissemination using an intravenous model of tumor cell implantation. Tail vein injection into NOD-scid-gamma mice of transduced IGR-NB8 cells overexpressing CXCR4, CXCR7, or both receptors revealed that all transduced cell variants preferentially invaded the adrenal gland and typical NB metastatic target organs, such as the liver and the bone marrow. However, CXCR4 expression favored NB cell dissemination to the liver and the lungs, while CXCR7 was able to strongly promote NB cell homing to the adrenal gland and the liver. Finally, coexpression of CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors significantly and selectively increased NB dissemination toward the bone marrow. In conclusion, CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors may be involved in a complex and organ-dependent control of NB growth and selective homing, making these receptors and their inhibitors potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Mühlethaler-Mottet
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Julie Liberman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kelly Ascenção
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marjorie Flahaut
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katia Balmas Bourloud
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pu Yan
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Jauquier
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marc Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Satoh-Takayama N, Serafini N, Verrier T, Rekiki A, Renauld JC, Frankel G, Di Santo JP. The chemokine receptor CXCR6 controls the functional topography of interleukin-22 producing intestinal innate lymphoid cells. Immunity 2014; 41:776-88. [PMID: 25456160 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22) plays a critical role in mucosal defense, although the molecular mechanisms that ensure IL-22 tissue distribution remain poorly understood. We show that the CXCL16-CXCR6 chemokine-chemokine receptor axis regulated group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3) diversity and function. CXCL16 was constitutively expressed by CX3CR1(+) intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and coexpressed with IL-23 after Citrobacter rodentium infection. Intestinal ILC3s expressed CXCR6 and its ablation generated a selective loss of the NKp46(+) ILC3 subset, a depletion of intestinal IL-22, and the inability to control C. rodentium infection. CD4(+) ILC3s were unaffected by CXCR6 deficiency and remained clustered within lymphoid follicles. In contrast, the lamina propria of Cxcr6(-/-) mice was devoid of ILC3s. The loss of ILC3-dependent IL-22 epithelial stimulation reduced antimicrobial peptide expression that explained the sensitivity of Cxcr6(-/-) mice to C. rodentium. Our results delineate a critical CXCL16-CXCR6 crosstalk that coordinates the intestinal topography of IL-22 secretion required for mucosal defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Satoh-Takayama
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Inserm U668, 75724 Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Inserm U668, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Verrier
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Inserm U668, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Abdessalem Rekiki
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Inserm U668, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Experimental Medicine Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200 Belgium
| | - Gad Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France; Inserm U668, 75724 Paris, France.
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Tiveron MC, Boutin C, Daou P, Moepps B, Cremer H. Expression and function of CXCR7 in the mouse forebrain. J Neuroimmunol 2010; 224:72-79. [PMID: 20681075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling system is important for the regulation of neuron migration in the developing forebrain. In particular it is crucial for correct distribution of Cajal-Retzius cells and migration of cortical interneurons. Here we investigated the expression of CXCR7, the second receptor for CXCL12, in comparison to CXCR4. We found that shifts in the expression of both receptors in the above cited cell populations coincide with major changes in their migratory behavior. Furthermore, we demonstrated that postnatally generated olfactory interneuron precursors express CXCR7 but not CXCR4 and that their distribution in the rostral migratory stream is affected by CXCR7 downregulation. This suggests an involvement of CXCR7 in neuronal cell migration and indicates a possible action of CXCR7 independently of CXCR4 as a mediator of CXCL12 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Catherine Tiveron
- Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille Luminy, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6216, CNRS/Université de la Méditerrannée, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseile Cedex 09, France.
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Furuya M, Suyama T, Usui H, Kasuya Y, Nishiyama M, Tanaka N, Ishiwata I, Nagai Y, Shozu M, Kimura S. Up-regulation of CXC chemokines and their receptors: implications for proinflammatory microenvironments of ovarian carcinomas and endometriosis. Hum Pathol 2007; 38:1676-87. [PMID: 17707463 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2007.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular abnormalities in the epithelial cells of endometriosis and their relevance to carcinogenesis of the ovary have been well studied. On the other hand, the differences of proinflammatory microenvironments between endometriosis and ovarian carcinomas have not been well documented yet. In this study, the expression patterns of CXC chemokines (IL-8, ENA-78, GRO-alpha, I-TAC, Mig, and SDF-1) and their receptors (CXCR2, CXCR3, and CXCR4) were compared among 12 ovarian carcinomas, 8 endometriosis, and 6 normal ovaries using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The CXCR3-mediated signaling in ovarian carcinoma cells in vitro was also investigated. In quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, ENA-78 was up-regulated both in endometriosis and carcinomas, whereas I-TAC was detected exclusively in carcinomas. CXCR3 was up-regulated both in carcinomas and endometriosis. However, immunohistochemical studies revealed that the localization of CXCR3 in carcinomas was distinctively different from that in endometriosis. In carcinoma-endometriosis coexisting cases, CXCR3-positive lymphocytes in benign lesions decreased in proportion as CXCR3-positive tumor cells replaced the tissues. CXCR3 was also detected in ovarian carcinoma cell lines in vitro. Administration of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)-inducible chemokines induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in these carcinoma cells. The results indicated that CXC chemokines might contribute to the progression of ovarian carcinomas and endometriosis in different manners. Aberrant expression of IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines and CXCR3 in carcinoma cells in association with reduced CXCR3-positive immune cells raised the possibility that IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines might not exert effective antitumor immune responses but that they might work in favor of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuko Furuya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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