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Aryal B, Lee Y. Histamine gustatory aversion in Drosophila melanogaster. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 134:103586. [PMID: 33992752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many foods and drinks contain histamine; however, the mechanisms that drive histamine taste perception have not yet been investigated. Here, we use a simple model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, to dissect the molecular sensors required to taste histamine. We first investigated histidine and histamine taste perception by performing a binary food choice assay and electrophysiology to identify essential sensilla for histamine sensing in the labellum. Histamine was found to activate S-type sensilla, which harbor bitter-sensing gustatory receptor neurons. Moreover, unbiased genetic screening for chemoreceptors revealed that a gustatory receptor, GR22e and an ionotropic receptor, IR76b are required for histamine sensing. Ectopic expression of GR22e was sufficient to induce a response in I-type sensilla, which normally do not respond to histamine. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms by which insects discriminate between the toxic histamine and beneficial histidine via their taste receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Aryal
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Bio & Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Bio-Health Convergence, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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Lee BH, Kang J, Kim HY, Gwak YS. The Roles of Superoxide on At-Level Spinal Cord Injury Pain in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052672. [PMID: 33800907 PMCID: PMC7961837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present study, we examined superoxide-mediated excitatory nociceptive transmission on at-level neuropathic pain following spinal thoracic 10 contusion injury (SCI) in male Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Mechanical sensitivity at body trunk, neuronal firing activity, and expression of superoxide marker/ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs)/CamKII were measured in the T7/8 dorsal horn, respectively. Results: Topical treatment of superoxide donor t-BOOH (0.4 mg/kg) increased neuronal firing rates and pCamKII expression in the naïve group, whereas superoxide scavenger Tempol (1 mg/kg) and non-specific ROS scavenger PBN (3 mg/kg) decreased firing rates in the SCI group (* p < 0.05). SCI showed increases of iGluRs-mediated neuronal firing rates and pCamKII expression (* p < 0.05); however, t-BOOH treatment did not show significant changes in the naïve group. The mechanical sensitivity at the body trunk in the SCI group (6.2 ± 0.5) was attenuated by CamKII inhibitor KN-93 (50 μg, 3.9 ± 0.4) or Tempol (1 mg, 4 ± 0.4) treatment (* p < 0.05). In addition, the level of superoxide marker Dhet showed significant increase in SCI rats compared to the sham group (11.7 ± 1.7 vs. 6.6 ± 1.5, * p < 0.05). Conclusions: Superoxide and the pCamKII pathway contribute to chronic at-level neuropathic pain without involvement of iGluRs following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver Disease, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
| | - Jonghoon Kang
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA;
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver Disease, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea
| | - Young S. Gwak
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-949-824-7222
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Abstract
Fourteen aromatic metabolites (6-19) were isolated from an aqueous extract of the solitary tunicate Cnemidocarpa irene collected in Hokkaido, Japan. The structures of the metabolites were determined based on the spectroscopic interpretations, including one- and two-dimensional NMR, mass spectra, UV, and circular dichroism data. The biopterin analogue 10 modulated the behavior of mice after intracerebroventricular injection and showed a weak affinity to ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes. Analyses of fluorescent coelomic fluid of the tunicate revealed that pterin 12 was responsible for the fluorescence of the blood cells, while β-carbolines 1 and 3 were fluorescent compounds in the serum. The metabolic profiles in adults, juveniles, larvae, and eggs of the animal differed substantially, suggesting that the metabolism of the animal, especially biosynthesis of aromatic secondary metabolites, changes over different life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Miyako
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Yoko Yasuno
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Shinada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Masaki J Fujita
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakai
- Faculty and Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan
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Wang L, Burger LL, Greenwald-Yarnell ML, Myers MG, Moenter SM. Glutamatergic Transmission to Hypothalamic Kisspeptin Neurons Is Differentially Regulated by Estradiol through Estrogen Receptor α in Adult Female Mice. J Neurosci 2018; 38:1061-1072. [PMID: 29114074 PMCID: PMC5792470 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2428-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol feedback regulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and subsequent luteinizing hormone (LH) release. Estradiol acts via estrogen receptor α (ERα)-expressing afferents of GnRH neurons, including kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) and arcuate nuclei, providing homeostatic feedback on episodic GnRH/LH release as well as positive feedback to control ovulation. Ionotropic glutamate receptors are important for estradiol feedback, but it is not known where they fit in the circuitry. Estradiol-negative feedback decreased glutamatergic transmission to AVPV and increased it to arcuate kisspeptin neurons; positive feedback had the opposite effect. Deletion of ERα in kisspeptin cells decreased glutamate transmission to AVPV neurons and markedly increased it to arcuate kisspeptin neurons, which also exhibited increased spontaneous firing rate. KERKO mice had increased LH pulse frequency, indicating loss of negative feedback. These observations indicate that ERα in kisspeptin cells is required for appropriate differential regulation of these neurons and neuroendocrine output by estradiol.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The brain regulates fertility through gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Ovarian estradiol regulates the pattern of GnRH (negative feedback) and initiates a surge of release that triggers ovulation (positive feedback). GnRH neurons do not express the estrogen receptor needed for feedback (estrogen receptor α [ERα]); kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate and anteroventral periventricular nuclei are postulated to mediate negative and positive feedback, respectively. Here we extend the network through which feedback is mediated by demonstrating that glutamatergic transmission to these kisspeptin populations is differentially regulated during the reproductive cycle and by estradiol. Electrophysiological and in vivo hormone profile experiments on kisspeptin-specific ERα knock-out mice demonstrate that ERα in kisspeptin cells is required for appropriate differential regulation of these neurons and for neuroendocrine output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhong Wang
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology
| | | | | | - Martin G Myers
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology
- Internal Medicine
- Michigan Diabetes Research & Training Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Suzanne M Moenter
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology,
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Internal Medicine
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Yates JR, Bardo MT. Effects of intra-accumbal administration of dopamine and ionotropic glutamate receptor drugs on delay discounting performance in rats. Behav Neurosci 2017; 131:392-405. [PMID: 28956947 PMCID: PMC5679283 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) has been implicated in impulsive choice, as measured in delay discounting. The role of dopamine (DA) in impulsive choice has received considerable attention, whereas glutamate (Glu) has recently been shown to be an important mediator of discounting. However, research has not examined how DA or Glu receptors in NAcc mediate different aspects of delay discounting performance, that is, (a) sensitivity to reinforcer magnitude and (b) sensitivity to delayed reinforcement. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were first trained in a delay discounting task, in which the delay to a large magnitude food reinforcer increased across blocks of trials. Following behavioral training, rats received bilateral implantation of guide cannulas into NAcc. Half of the rats (n = 12) received infusions of the DA-selective ligands SKF 38393 (D1-like agonist: 0.03 or 0.1 μg), SCH 23390 (D1-like antagonist: 0.3 or 1.0 μg), quinpirole (D2-like agonist: 0.3 or 1.0 μg), and eticlopride (D2-like antagonist: 0.3 or 1.0 μg). The other half received infusions of the ionotropic Glu ligands MK-801 (NMDA uncompetitive antagonist: 0.3 or 1.0 μg), AP-5 (NMDA competitive antagonist: 0.3 or 1.0 μg), ifenprodil (noncompetitive antagonist at NR2B-containing NMDA receptors: 0.3 or 1.0 μg), and CNQX (AMPA competitive antagonist: 0.2 or 0.5 μg). Results showed that SCH 23390 (0.3 μg) decreased sensitivity to reinforcer magnitude without altering impulsive choice, whereas ifenprodil (1.0 μg) decreased sensitivity to delayed reinforcement (i.e., impulsive choice). The current results show that DA and NMDA receptors in NAcc mediate distinct aspects of discounting performance. (PsycINFO Database Record
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine
- Animals
- Benzazepines
- Choice Behavior/drug effects
- Delay Discounting/drug effects
- Dopamine/administration & dosage
- Dopamine/pharmacology
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Glutamic Acid/pharmacology
- Impulsive Behavior/drug effects
- Male
- Nucleus Accumbens/drug effects
- Nucleus Accumbens/physiology
- Quinpirole
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
- Reinforcement, Psychology
- Salicylamides
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Marchetti C. Interaction of metal ions with neurotransmitter receptors and potential role in neurodiseases. Biometals 2014; 27:1097-113. [PMID: 25224737 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that toxic metals play a role in diseases of unknown etiology. Their action is often mediated by membrane proteins, and in particular neurotransmitter receptors. This brief review will describe recent findings on the direct interaction of metal ions with ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) and glutamate receptors, the main inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian central nervous system, respectively. Both hyper and hypo function of these receptors are involved in neurological and psychotic syndromes and modulation by metal ions is an important pharmacological issue. The focus will be on three xenobiotic metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) that have no biological function and whose presence in living organisms is only detrimental, and two trace metals, zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), which are essential for several enzymatic functions, but can mediate toxic actions if deregulated. Despite limited access to the brain and tight control by metalloproteins, exogenous metals interfere with receptor performances by mimicking physiological ions and occupying one or more modulatory sites on the protein. These interactions will be discussed as a potential cause of neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marchetti
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via De Marini, 6, 16149, Genoa, Italy,
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Abstract
Currently emerging concepts of maladaptive pain and fear suggest that they share basic neuronal circuits and cellular mechanisms of memory formation. Recent studies have revealed processes of erasing memory traces of pain and fear that may be promising targets for future therapies.
Pain and fear are both aversive experiences that strongly impact on behaviour and well being. They are considered protective when they lead to meaningful, adaptive behaviour such as the avoidance of situations that are potentially dangerous to the integrity of tissue (pain) or the individual (fear). Pain and fear may, however, become maladaptive if expressed under inappropriate conditions or at excessive intensities for extended durations. Currently emerging concepts of maladaptive pain and fear suggest that basic neuronal mechanisms of memory formation are relevant for the development of pathological forms of pain and fear. Thus, the processes of erasing memory traces of pain and fear may constitute promising targets for future therapies.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anxiety/etiology
- Anxiety/psychology
- Conditioning, Classical/physiology
- Cycloserine/pharmacology
- Cycloserine/therapeutic use
- Extinction, Psychological/physiology
- Fear/drug effects
- Fear/psychology
- Humans
- Hyperalgesia/etiology
- Hyperalgesia/prevention & control
- Hyperalgesia/psychology
- Hyperalgesia/therapy
- Isoenzymes/drug effects
- Isoenzymes/physiology
- Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects
- Long-Term Potentiation/physiology
- Memory, Long-Term/drug effects
- Memory, Long-Term/physiology
- Mental Recall/drug effects
- Mental Recall/physiology
- Models, Neurological
- Models, Psychological
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology
- Neuroglia/physiology
- Nociception/physiology
- Pain/psychology
- Pain Management/methods
- Protein Kinase C/drug effects
- Protein Kinase C/physiology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Protein Kinases/physiology
- Rats
- Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Sandkühler
- Department of Neurophysiology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Lee
- University of Birmingham, School of Psychology, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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