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Su L, Yin T, Du H, Zhang W, Fu D. Synergistic improvement of Shewanella loihica PV-4 extracellular electron transfer using a TiO 2@TiN nanocomposite. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107519. [PMID: 32251985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) allows microorganisms to perform anaerobic respiration using insoluble electron acceptors, including minerals and electrodes. EET-based applications require efficient electron transfer between living and non-living systems. To improve EET efficiency, the TiO2@TiN nanocomposite was used to form hybrid biofilms with Shewanella loihica PV-4 (PV-4). Chronoamperometry showed that peak current was increased 4.6-fold via the addition of the TiO2@TiN nanocomposite. Different biofilms were further tested in a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell. The PV-4 biofilm resulted a maximum power density of 33.4 mW/m2, while the hybrid biofilm of the TiO2@TiN nanocomposite with PV-4 yielded a 92.8% increase of power density. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses showed a lower electron-transfer resistance in the hybrid biofilm. Biological measurements revealed that both flavin secretion and cytochrome c expression were increased when the TiO2@TiN nanocomposite presented. These results demonstrated that the TiO2@TiN nanocomposite could synergistically enhance the EET of PV-4 through altering its metabolism. Our findings provide a new strategy for optimizing biotic-abiotic interactions in bioelectrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Tao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Hongxiu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Degang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China; Suzhou Key Laboratory of Environment and Biosafety, Suzhou 215123, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210018, China.
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2
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Wu G, Jin F. Pellicle development of Shewanella oneidensis is an aerotaxis-piloted and energy-dependent process. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:127-133. [PMID: 31481239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pellicles are biofilms found at the air-liquid interface and are widely distributed in natural environments. In this study, a simple pellicle detection method was established, and using this new method, the pellicle formation activities of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and its 42 cytochrome c mutants were analysed. The results showed that the pellicle was initiated at very early stages of incubation. Aerotaxis was the major external factor, while energy acquirement was the main internal factor for pellicle initiation. Among the 42 cytochrome c mutants, 17 mutants, including those deficient in aerobic respiration, sulfur or sulfite/sulfate respiration, nitrite respiration, metal respiration, DMSO respiration and fumarate respiration, exhibited delayed pellicle initiation. The results suggest that S. oneidensis utilizes the electron acceptors simultaneously under anoxic conditions and that the disruption of any of these anaerobic respiration routes would retard pellicle initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genfu Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Feifei Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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3
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Kaplan M, Subramanian P, Ghosal D, Oikonomou CM, Pirbadian S, Starwalt‐Lee R, Mageswaran SK, Ortega DR, Gralnick JA, El‐Naggar MY, Jensen GJ. In situ imaging of the bacterial flagellar motor disassembly and assembly processes. EMBO J 2019; 38:e100957. [PMID: 31304634 PMCID: PMC6627242 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of cellular macromolecular machines such as the bacterial flagellar motor requires the spatio-temporal synchronization of gene expression with proper protein localization and association of dozens of protein components. In Salmonella and Escherichia coli, a sequential, outward assembly mechanism has been proposed for the flagellar motor starting from the inner membrane, with the addition of each new component stabilizing the previous one. However, very little is known about flagellar disassembly. Here, using electron cryo-tomography and sub-tomogram averaging of intact Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shewanella oneidensis cells, we study flagellar motor disassembly and assembly in situ. We first show that motor disassembly results in stable outer membrane-embedded sub-complexes. These sub-complexes consist of the periplasmic embellished P- and L-rings, and bend the membrane inward while it remains apparently sealed. Additionally, we also observe various intermediates of the assembly process including an inner-membrane sub-complex consisting of the C-ring, MS-ring, and export apparatus. Finally, we show that the L-ring is responsible for reshaping the outer membrane, a crucial step in the flagellar assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Kaplan
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Poorna Subramanian
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Debnath Ghosal
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Catherine M Oikonomou
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Sahand Pirbadian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biological Sciences, and ChemistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Ruth Starwalt‐Lee
- BioTechnology InstituteUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | | | - Davi R Ortega
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Jeffrey A Gralnick
- BioTechnology InstituteUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of Minnesota – Twin CitiesSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Mohamed Y El‐Naggar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biological Sciences, and ChemistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
- Howard Hughes Medical InstituteCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
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4
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Yin J, Cai J, Yuan Z, Wang Z, Gao H, Qiu J, Yu Z. Deletion of PBP1a/LpoA complex compromises cell envelope integrity in Shewanella oneidensis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:4998853. [PMID: 29788206 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High molecular weight penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are responsible for the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. In Escherichia coli, PBP1a and PBP1b form multienzyme peptidoglycan-synthesizing complexes with outer membrane lipoproteins LpoA and LpoB, respectively. The two complexes appear to be largely redundant, although their distinct physiological roles remain unclear. PBP1a/LpoA and PBP1b/LpoB also exist in Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1, but effects of the two complexes on aerobic growth and β-lactam resistance are quite different. In this study, the phenotypes of strains lacking a certain complex in S. oneidensis were compared. Deletion of PBP1a/LpoA caused aberrant cell morphology (including branches and bulges), enhanced sensitivity to various envelope stresses and outer membrane permeability. On the contrary, strains lacking PBP1b/LpoB displayed phenotypes similar to the wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jingxiao Cai
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhe Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhewei Wang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Haichun Gao
- Institute of Microbiology and College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Juanping Qiu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
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5
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Grebenko A, Dremov V, Barzilovich P, Bubis A, Sidoruk K, Voeikova T, Gagkaeva Z, Chernov T, Korostylev E, Gorshunov B, Motovilov K. Impedance spectroscopy of single bacterial nanofilament reveals water-mediated charge transfer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191289. [PMID: 29351332 PMCID: PMC5774759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades respiratory chain and photosystems were the main firing field of the studies devoted to mechanisms of electron transfer in proteins. The concept of conjugated lateral electron and transverse proton transport during cellular respiration and photosynthesis, which was formulated in the beginning of 1960-s, has been confirmed by thousands of experiments. However, charge transfer in recently discovered bacterial nanofilaments produced by various electrogenic bacteria is regarded currently outside of electron and proton conjugation concept. Here we report the new study of charge transfer within nanofilaments produced by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 conducted in atmosphere of different relative humidity (RH). We utilize impedance spectroscopy and DC (direct current) transport measurements to find out the peculiarities of conductivity and Raman spectroscopy to analyze the nanofilaments' composition. Data analysis demonstrates that apparent conductivity of nanofilaments has crucial sensitivity to humidity and contains several components including one with unusual behavior which we assign to electron transport. We demonstrate that in the case of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 charge transfer within these objects is strongly mediated by water. Basing on current data analysis of conductivity we conclude that the studied filaments of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 are capable of hybrid (conjugated) electron and ion conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Grebenko
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Physics (RAS), Academician Osipyana street 2, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Dremov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Physics (RAS), Academician Osipyana street 2, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Petr Barzilovich
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics (RAS), Academician Semenov avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Anton Bubis
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
- Institute of Solid State Physics (RAS), Academician Osipyana street 2, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Konstantin Sidoruk
- Scientific Center of Russian Federation Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, 1-st Dorozhniy pr., 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiyana Voeikova
- Scientific Center of Russian Federation Research Institute for Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms, 1-st Dorozhniy pr., 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zarina Gagkaeva
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Chernov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics (RAS), Academician Semenov avenue 1, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Evgeny Korostylev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
| | - Boris Gorshunov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin Motovilov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institute lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Russian Federation
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6
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Jacobson KH, Gunsolus IL, Kuech TR, Troiano JM, Melby ES, Lohse SE, Hu D, Chrisler WB, Murphy CJ, Orr G, Geiger FM, Haynes CL, Pedersen JA. Lipopolysaccharide Density and Structure Govern the Extent and Distance of Nanoparticle Interaction with Actual and Model Bacterial Outer Membranes. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:10642-10650. [PMID: 26207769 PMCID: PMC4643684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Design of nanomedicines and nanoparticle-based antimicrobial and antifouling formulations and assessment of the potential implications of nanoparticle release into the environment requires understanding nanoparticle interaction with bacterial surfaces. Here we demonstrate the electrostatically driven association of functionalized nanoparticles with lipopolysaccharides of Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes and find that lipopolysaccharide structure influences the extent and location of binding relative to the outer leaflet-solution interface. By manipulating the lipopolysaccharide content in Shewanella oneidensis outer membranes, we observed the electrostatically driven interaction of cationic gold nanoparticles with the lipopolysaccharide-containing leaflet. We probed this interaction by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and second harmonic generation (SHG) using solid-supported lipopolysaccharide-containing bilayers. The association of cationic nanoparticles increased with lipopolysaccharide content, while no association of anionic nanoparticles was observed. The harmonic-dependence of QCM-D measurements suggested that a population of the cationic nanoparticles was held at a distance from the outer leaflet-solution interface of bilayers containing smooth lipopolysaccharides (those bearing a long O-polysaccharide). Additionally, smooth lipopolysaccharides held the bulk of the associated cationic particles outside of the interfacial zone probed by SHG. Our results demonstrate that positively charged nanoparticles are more likely to interact with Gram-negative bacteria than are negatively charged particles, and this interaction occurs primarily through lipopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt H. Jacobson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ian L. Gunsolus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Thomas R. Kuech
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Julianne M. Troiano
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Eric S. Melby
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel E. Lohse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - William B. Chrisler
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Catherine J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Galya Orr
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Franz M. Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Corresponding Authors: Phone: 608-263-4971; . Phone: 612-626-1096,
| | - Joel A. Pedersen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Corresponding Authors: Phone: 608-263-4971; . Phone: 612-626-1096,
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7
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Kondo K, Okamoto A, Hashimoto K, Nakamura R. Sulfur-Mediated Electron Shuttling Sustains Microbial Long-Distance Extracellular Electron Transfer with the Aid of Metallic Iron Sulfides. Langmuir 2015; 31:7427-7434. [PMID: 26070345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In addition to serving as an energy source for microbial growth, iron sulfides are proposed to act as naturally occurring electrical wires that mediate long-distance extracellular electron transfer (EET) and bridge spatially discrete redox environments. These hypothetical EET reactions stand on the abilities of microbes to use the interfacial electrochemistry of metallic/semiconductive iron sulfides to maintain metabolisms; however, the mechanisms of these phenomena remain unexplored. To obtain insight into EET to iron sulfides, we monitored EET at the interface between Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells and biomineralized iron sulfides in an electrochemical cell. Respiratory current steeply increased with the concomitant formation of poorly crystalline mackinawite (FeS) minerals, indicating that S. oneidensis has the ability to exploit extracellularly formed metallic FeS for long-distance EET. Deletion of major proteins of the metal-reduction (Mtr) pathway (OmcA, MtrC, CymA, and PilD) caused only subtle effects on the EET efficiency, a finding that sharply contrasts the majority of studies that report that the Mtr pathway is indispensable for the reduction of metal oxides and electrodes. The gene expression analyses of polysulfide and thiosulfate reductase suggest the existence of a sulfur-mediated electron-shuttling mechanism by which HS(-) ions and water-soluble polysulfides (HS(n)(-), where n ≥ 2) generated in the periplasmic space deliver electrons from cellular metabolic processes to cell surface-associated FeS. The finding of this Mtr-independent pathway indicates that polysulfide reductases complement the function of outer-membrane cytochromes in EET reactions and, thus, significantly expand the number of microbial species potentially capable of long-distance EET in sulfur-rich anoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhito Kondo
- †Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Akihiro Okamoto
- †Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Hashimoto
- †Department of Applied Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Nakamura
- ‡Biofunctional Catalyst Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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8
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Jiang X, Hu J, Lieber AM, Jackan CS, Biffinger JC, Fitzgerald LA, Ringeisen BR, Lieber CM. Nanoparticle facilitated extracellular electron transfer in microbial fuel cells. Nano Lett 2014; 14:6737-6742. [PMID: 25310721 DOI: 10.1021/nl503668q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been the focus of substantial research interest due to their potential for long-term, renewable electrical power generation via the metabolism of a broad spectrum of organic substrates, although the low power densities have limited their applications to date. Here, we demonstrate the potential to improve the power extraction by exploiting biogenic inorganic nanoparticles to facilitate extracellular electron transfer in MFCs. Simultaneous short-circuit current recording and optical imaging on a nanotechnology-enabled platform showed substantial current increase from Shewanella PV-4 after the formation of cell/iron sulfide nanoparticle aggregates. Detailed characterization of the structure and composition of the cell/nanoparticle interface revealed crystalline iron sulfide nanoparticles in intimate contact with and uniformly coating the cell membrane. In addition, studies designed to address the fundamental mechanisms of charge transport in this hybrid system showed that charge transport only occurred in the presence of live Shewanella, and moreover demonstrated that the enhanced current output can be attributed to improved electron transfer at cell/electrode interface and through the cellular-networks. Our approach of interconnecting and electrically contacting bacterial cells through biogenic nanoparticles represents a unique and promising direction in MFC research and has the potential to not only advance our fundamental knowledge about electron transfer processes in these biological systems but also overcome a key limitation in MFCs by constructing an electrically connected, three-dimensional cell network from the bottom-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and ‡Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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9
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10
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Abstract
We present Solvent Immersion Imprint Lithography (SIIL), a technique for polymer functionalization and microsystem prototyping. SIIL is based on polymer immersion in commonly available solvents. This was experimentally and computationally analyzed, uniquely enabling two practical aspects. The first is imprinting and bonding deep features that span the 1 to 100 μm range, which are unattainable with existing solvent-based methods. The second is a functionalization scheme characterized by a well-controlled, 3D distribution of chemical moieties. SIIL is validated by developing microfluidics with embedded 3D oxygen sensors and microbioreactors for quantitative metabolic studies of a thermophile anaerobe microbial culture. Polystyrene (PS) was employed in the aforementioned applications; however all soluble polymers - including inorganic ones - can be employed with SIIL under no instrumentation requirements and typical processing times of less than two minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Vasdekis
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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11
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Sheng L, Fein JB. Uranium reduction by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 as a function of NaHCO3 concentration: surface complexation control of reduction kinetics. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:3768-3775. [PMID: 24576101 DOI: 10.1021/es5003692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial to determine the controls on the kinetics of U(VI) bioreduction in order to understand and model the fate and mobility of U in groundwater systems and also to enhance the effectiveness of U bioremediation strategies. In this study, we measured the rate of U(VI) reduction by Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1 as function of NaHCO3 concentration. The experiments demonstrate that increasing concentrations of NaHCO3 in the system lead to slower U(VI) reduction kinetics. The NaHCO3 concentration also strongly affects the speciation of U(VI) on the bacterial cell envelope. We used a thermodynamic surface complexation modeling approach to determine the speciation and concentration of U(VI) adsorbed onto the bacteria as a function of the NaHCO3 concentration in the experimental systems. We observed a strong positive correlation between the measured U(VI) reduction rates and the calculated total concentration of U(VI) surface complexes formed on the bacterial cell envelope. This positive correlation indicates that the speciation and concentration of U(VI) adsorbed on the bacterial cell envelope control the kinetics of U(VI) bioreduction under the experimental conditions. The results of this study serve as a basis for developing speciation-based kinetic rate laws for enzymatic reduction of U(VI) by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sheng
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Krapf MEM, Lartiges BS, Merlin C, Francius G, Ghanbaja J, Duval JFL. Polyethyleneimine-mediated flocculation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1: impacts of cell surface appendage and polymer concentration. Water Res 2012; 46:1838-1846. [PMID: 22285041 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2011.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In wastewater treatment plants, optimizing bacterial flocculation and bacterial sludge dewatering requires a detailed understanding of the concomitant biological and physico-chemical processes governing the action of flocculating agent on living cells. Here we investigate the interactions between polyethyleneimine (PEI, 60,000g/mol) and Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 lacking or not the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen surface structure. Flocculation tests were performed on bacteria with/without LPS O-antigen after being exposed to 0-100mg/L PEI concentrations. Measurements of electrophoretic mobility and bacterial aggregates size were complemented by transmission electron micrographs and atomic force microscopy images. While low PEI concentrations (<20mg/L) lead to flocculation of both bare and LPS O-antigen-decorated bacterial strains, the lysis of bacterial membranes occurred at larger polymer concentrations for the latter, which highlights the protective role of LPS O-antigen against harmful PEI-mediated membrane alterations. Depending on polymer concentration, two types of bacterial aggregates are identified: one that solely integrates bacterial cells, and another that includes both cells and cell residues resulting from lysis (membrane and/or LPS fragments, and inner cell content materials). The latter is expected to significantly contribute to water entrapping in sludge and thus lower dewatering process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Eve M Krapf
- Laboratoire Environnement et Minéralurgie, Nancy Université, CNRS UMR7569, B.P. 40, F-54501 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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13
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Youngblut M, Judd ET, Srajer V, Sayyed B, Goelzer T, Elliott SJ, Schmidt M, Pacheco AA. Laue crystal structure of Shewanella oneidensis cytochrome c nitrite reductase from a high-yield expression system. J Biol Inorg Chem 2012; 17:647-62. [PMID: 22382353 PMCID: PMC3412176 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-012-0885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The high-yield expression and purification of Shewanella oneidensis cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNiR) and its characterization by a variety of methods, notably Laue crystallography, are reported. A key component of the expression system is an artificial ccNiR gene in which the N-terminal signal peptide from the highly expressed S. oneidensis protein "small tetraheme c" replaces the wild-type signal peptide. This gene, inserted into the plasmid pHSG298 and expressed in S. oneidensis TSP-1 strain, generated approximately 20 mg crude ccNiR per liter of culture, compared with 0.5-1 mg/L for untransformed cells. Purified ccNiR has nitrite and hydroxylamine reductase activities comparable to those previously reported for Escherichia coli ccNiR, and is stable for over 2 weeks in pH 7 solution at 4 °C. UV/vis spectropotentiometric titrations and protein film voltammetry identified five independent one-electron reduction processes. Global analysis of the spectropotentiometric data also allowed determination of the extinction coefficient spectra for the five reduced ccNiR species. The characteristics of the individual extinction coefficient spectra suggest that, within each reduced species, the electrons are distributed among the various hemes, rather than being localized on specific heme centers. The purified ccNiR yielded good-quality crystals, with which the 2.59-Å-resolution structure was solved at room temperature using the Laue diffraction method. The structure is similar to that of E. coli ccNiR, except in the region where the enzyme interacts with its physiological electron donor (CymA in the case of S. oneidensis ccNiR, NrfB in the case of the E. coli protein).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Youngblut
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 3210 N. Cramer St, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Evan T. Judd
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215
| | - Vukica Srajer
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bilal Sayyed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 3210 N. Cramer St, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Tyler Goelzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 3210 N. Cramer St, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Sean J. Elliott
- Department of Chemistry, 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, MA 02215
| | - Marius Schmidt
- Department of Physics, 1900 E. Kenwood Blvd, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - A. Andrew Pacheco
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 3210 N. Cramer St, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
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14
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Li R, Tiedje JM, Chiu C, Worden RM. Soluble electron shuttles can mediate energy taxis toward insoluble electron acceptors. Environ Sci Technol 2012; 46:2813-2820. [PMID: 22324484 DOI: 10.1021/es204302w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Shewanella species grow in widely disparate environments and play key roles in elemental cycling, especially in environments with varied redox conditions. To obtain a system-level understanding of Shewanella's robustness and versatility, the complex interplay of cellular growth, metabolism, and transport under conditions of limiting carbon sources, energy sources, and electron acceptors must be elucidated. In this paper, population-level taxis of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 cells in the presence of a rate-limiting, insoluble electron acceptor was investigated. A novel mechanism, mediated energy taxis, is proposed by which Shewanella use riboflavin as both an electron shuttle and an attractant to direct cell movement toward local sources of insoluble electron acceptors. The cells secrete reduced riboflavin, which diffuses to a nearby particle containing an insoluble electron acceptor and is oxidized. The oxidized riboflavin then diffuses away from the particle, establishing a spatial gradient that draws cells toward the particle. Experimental and modeling results are presented to support this mechanism. S. oneidensis MR-1 cells inoculated into a uniform dispersion of MnO(2) particles in dilute agar exhibited taxis outward, creating a clear zone within which riboflavin was detected by mass spectrometry. Cells inoculated into dilute agar containing oxidized riboflavin similarly exhibited taxis, rapidly forming an expanding zone of reduced riboflavin. A mathematical model based on the proposed mechanism was able to predict experimental trends, including how concentrations of riboflavin and insoluble electron acceptors (e.g., MnO(2)) affected tactic cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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15
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Yang Y, Sun G, Guo J, Xu M. Differential biofilms characteristics of Shewanella decolorationis microbial fuel cells under open and closed circuit conditions. Bioresour Technol 2011; 102:7093-7098. [PMID: 21571526 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms formation capacities of Shewanella species in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and their roles in current generation have been documented to be species-dependent. Understandings of the biofilms growth and metabolism are essential to optimize the current generation of MFCs. Shewanella decolorationis S12 was used in both closed-circuit and open-circuit MFCs in this study. The anodic S. decolorationis S12 biofilms could generate fivefold more current than the planktonic cells, playing a dominant role in current generation. Anodic biofilms viability was sustained at 98 ± 1.2% in closed-circuit while biofilms viability in open-circuit decreased to 72 ± 7% within 96 h. The unviable domain in open-circuit MFCs biofilms majorly located at the inner layer of biofilm. The decreased biofilms viability in open-circuit MFCs could be recovered by switching into closed-circuit, indicating that the current-generating anode in MFCs could serve as a favorable electron acceptor and provide sufficient energy to support cell growth and metabolism inside biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510070, China
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16
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Abstract
Here we present that graphene oxide (GO) can act as a terminal electron acceptor for heterotrophic, metal-reducing, and environmental bacteria. The conductance and physical characteristics of bacterially converted graphene (BCG) are comparable to other forms of chemically converted graphene (CCG). Electron transfer to GO is mediated by cytochromes MtrA, MtrB, and MtrC/OmcA, while mutants lacking CymA, another cytochrome associated with extracellular electron transfer, retain the ability to reduce GO. Our results demonstrate that biodegradation of GO can occur under ambient conditions and at rapid time scales. The capacity of microbes to degrade GO, restoring it to the naturally occurring ubiquitous graphite mineral form, presents a positive prospect for its bioremediation. This capability also provides an opportunity for further investigation into the application of environmental bacteria in the area of green nanochemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everett C Salas
- Department of Earth Science, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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17
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Li T, Guthrie JT. Colour removal from aqueous solutions of metal-complex azo dyes using bacterial cells of Shewanella strain J18 143. Bioresour Technol 2010; 101:4291-4295. [PMID: 20167478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The decoloration treatment of textile dye effluents through biodegradation, using bacterial cells, has been studied as a possible means of solving some of the problems that are associated with the pollution of water sources by colorants. In this paper, the use of whole bacterial cells of Shewanella J18 143 for the reduction of aqueous solutions of selected mono-azo, metal-complex dyes, namely Irgalan Grey GLN, Irgalan Black RBLN and Irgalan Blue 3GL, was investigated. The effects of temperature, pH and dye concentration on colour removal were also investigated and shown to be important. The operative conditions for the removal of colour were 30 degrees C, at pH 6.8, with a final dye concentration of 0.12 g/L in the colour reduction system. This study provides an extension to the application of Shewanella strain J18 143 bacterial cells in the decoloration of textile wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, GuangZhou 510640, PR China
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18
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McLean JS, Wanger G, Gorby YA, Wainstein M, McQuaid J, Ishii SI, Bretschger O, Beyenal H, Nealson KH. Quantification of electron transfer rates to a solid phase electron acceptor through the stages of biofilm formation from single cells to multicellular communities. Environ Sci Technol 2010; 44:2721-2727. [PMID: 20199066 DOI: 10.1021/es903043p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has enabled new insights into the mechanisms of electron transfer from dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria to a solid phase electron acceptor. Using solid electrodes as electron acceptors enables quantitative real-time measurements of electron transfer rates to these surfaces. We describe here an optically accessible, dual anode, continuous flow MFC that enables real-time microscopic imaging of anode populations as they develop from single attached cells to a mature biofilms. We used this system to characterize how differences in external resistance affect cellular electron transfer rates on a per cell basis and overall biofilm development in Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1. When a low external resistance (100 Omega) was used, estimates of current per cell reached a maximum of 204 fA/cell (1.3 x 10(6) e(-) cell(-1) sec(-1)), while when a higher (1 MOmega) resistance was used, only 75 fA/cell (0.4 x 10(6) e(-) cell(-1) sec(-1)) was produced. The 1 MOmega anode biomass consistently developed into a mature thick biofilm with tower morphology (>50 microm thick), whereas only a thin biofilm (<5 microm thick) was observed on the 100 Omega anode. These data suggest a link between the ability of a surface to accept electrons and biofilm structure development.
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19
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Zhang M, Ginn BR, Dichristina TJ, Stack AG. Adhesion of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to iron (Oxy)(Hydr)oxides: microcolony formation and isotherm. Environ Sci Technol 2010; 44:1602-1609. [PMID: 20131792 DOI: 10.1021/es901793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria (DMRB) to iron (oxy)(hydr)oxides may play an important role in their respiration on ferric iron-containing minerals, but few quantitative surface cell density measurements have been made thus far. We used confocal microscopy to examine the adhesion of a common DMRB species, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, onto iron (oxy)(hydr)oxide particulate-coated glass slides across a broad range of bulk (i.e., solution phase) cell densities from 10(5) cells/mL to 2 x 10(9) cells/mL. At bulk cell densities less than 1 x 10(7) cells/mL, cells adhered to the slide surface formed an evenly distributed, homogeneous monolayer, while at the bulk cell densities higher than 2 x 10(8) cells/mL the adhered cells formed distinct microcolonies. As a result of this complex adhesion behavior, simple Langmuir or Freundlich adsorption isotherms do not capture the relationship between the surface cell density and the bulk cell density over the entire range of bulk cell densities. Thus a new, two-step isotherm was developed that incorporated both isolated attached cells at low cell densities as well as microcolonies at higher cell densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengni Zhang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, and School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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20
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Kurihara T, Kawamoto J, Esaki N. [Biosynthesis and function of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cold-adapted bacteria]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2010; 55:94-99. [PMID: 20058713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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21
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Abstract
The goal of this study was to quantify the relation between the surface area of the current-limiting electrode of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) and the power density generated by the MFC. Shewanella oneidensis (MR-1) was grown anaerobically in the anodic compartment of an MFC utilizing lactate as the electron donor. Graphite plate electrodes of various sizes were used as anodes. Commercially available air electrodes, composed of manganese-based catalyzed carbon bonded to a current-collecting screen made of platinum mesh, were used as cathodes, and dissolved oxygen was used as the cathodic reactant. The surface area of the cathode was always significantly larger than that of the anode, to ensure that the anode was the current-limiting electrode. The power density generated by the MFC decreased as the surface area of the anode increased, which fits well with the trend we detected comparing various published results. Thus, our findings bring into question the assertion that the overall power density generated by an MFC with large electrodes can be estimated by extrapolating from an electrode with a small surface area. Our results indicate that the maximum power density generated by an MFC is not directly proportional to the surface area of the anode, but is instead proportional to the logarithm of the surface area of the anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alim Dewan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Center for Environmental, Sediment, Aquatic Research, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163-2710, USA
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22
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Viamajala S, Peyton BM, Sani RK, Apel WA, Petersen JN. Toxic Effects of Chromium(VI) on Anaerobic and Aerobic Growth of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 20:87-95. [PMID: 14763828 DOI: 10.1021/bp034131q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cr(VI) was added to early- and mid-log-phase Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis) MR-1 cultures to study the physiological state-dependent toxicity of Cr(VI). Cr(VI) reduction and culture growth were measured during and after Cr(VI) reduction. Inhibition of growth was observed when Cr(VI) was added to cultures of MR-1 growing aerobically or anaerobically with fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor. Under anaerobic conditions, there was immediate cessation of growth upon addition of Cr(VI) in early- and mid-log-phase cultures. However, once Cr(VI) was reduced below detection limits (0.002 mM), the cultures resumed growth with normal cell yield values observed. In contrast to anaerobic MR-1 cultures, addition of Cr(VI) to aerobically growing cultures resulted in a gradual decrease of the growth rate. In addition, under aerobic conditions, lower cell yields were also observed with Cr(VI)-treated cultures when compared to cultures that were not exposed to Cr(VI). Differences in response to Cr(VI) between aerobically and anaerobically growing cultures indicate that Cr(VI) toxicity in MR-1 is dependent on the physiological growth condition of the culture. Cr(VI) reduction has been previously studied in Shewanella spp., and it has been proposed that Shewanella spp. may be used in Cr(VI) bioremediation systems. Studies of Shewanella spp. provide valuable information on the microbial physiology of dissimilatory metal reducing bacteria; however, our study indicates that S. oneidensis MR-1 is highly susceptible to growth inhibition by Cr(VI) toxicity, even at low concentrations [0.015 mM Cr(VI)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Viamajala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, and WSU/NSF IGERT Center for Multiphase Environmental Research, Washington State University, P.O. Box 642719, Pullman, Washington 99164-2719, USA
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23
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Waters MS, Sturm CA, El-Naggar MY, Luttge A, Udwadia FE, Cvitkovitch DG, Goodman SD, Nealson KH. In search of the microbe/mineral interface: quantitative analysis of bacteria on metal surfaces using vertical scanning interferometry. Geobiology 2008; 6:254-262. [PMID: 18459964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4669.2008.00161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To understand the development of biofilms on metal surfaces, analysis of initial bacterial attachment to surfaces is crucial. Here we present the results of a study, using Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 as a model organism, in which vertical scanning interferometry (VSI) was used to investigate the initial stages of cell attachment to glass, steel and aluminium surfaces. It was found that while VSI gave unambiguous results with opaque surfaces, when reflective surfaces were used, an artifact sometimes appeared, with the bacteria appearing as rod-shaped pits rather than as cells on the surface. When the bacteria were altered to increase opacity, this artifact disappeared, and upon further investigation, it was found that the observational artifact was the result of a conflict between light reflected from the bacteria and the light reflected from the bacteria-metal interface. These results suggest that not only can bacteria be measured on surfaces using VSI, but with some modifications to the analytical software, there may be a unique window for studying the bacterial/substrate interface that can be used for quantitative observations. Imaging and characterization of the bacteria-substrate interface in vivo (previously invisible) will provide new insights into the interactions that occur at this important juncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Waters
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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24
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Satomi M, Vogel BF, Venkateswaran K, Gram L. Description of Shewanella glacialipiscicola sp. nov. and Shewanella algidipiscicola sp. nov., isolated from marine fish of the Danish Baltic Sea, and proposal that Shewanella affinis is a later heterotypic synonym of Shewanella colwelliana. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:347-352. [PMID: 17267977 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel species belonging to the genusShewanellaare described on the basis of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. A total of 40 strains of Gram-negative, psychrotolerant, H2S-producing bacteria were isolated from marine fish (cod and plaice) caught in the Baltic Sea off Denmark. Strains belonging to group 1 (seven strains) were a lactate-assimilating variant ofShewanella morhuaewith a G+C content of 44 mol%. The strains of group 2 (33 strains) utilized lactate,N-acetylglucosamine and malate but did not produce DNase or ornithine decarboxylase. Their G+C content was 47 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence data placed the two novel species within the genusShewanella. Group 1 showed greatest sequence similarity withS. morhuaeATCC BAA-1205T(99.9 %). However,gyrBgene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization differentiated these isolates fromS. morhuae, with 95.6 % sequence similarity and less than 57 % DNA relatedness, respectively. Group 2 strains shared more than 99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains ofShewanella colwellianaandShewanella affinis, butgyrBsequence similarity (~85 %) and the results of DNA hybridization (~28 %) indicated that the new isolates represented a novel species. Furthermore, when compared to each other, the type strains ofS. colwellianaandS. affinishad almost identicalgyrBsequences and significantly high DNA reassociation values (76–83 %), indicating that they belonged to the same species. Based on the conclusions of this study, we propose the novel speciesShewanella glacialipiscicolasp. nov. (type strain T147T=LMG 23744T=NBRC 102030T) for group 1 strains andShewanella algidipiscicolasp. nov. (type strain S13T=LMG 23746T=NBRC 102032T) for group 2 strains, and we propose thatShewanella affinisas a later heterotypic synonym ofShewanella colwelliana.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylglucosamine/metabolism
- Animals
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- DNA Gyrase/genetics
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Denmark
- Fishes/microbiology
- Genes, rRNA
- Hydrogen Sulfide/metabolism
- Lactic Acid/metabolism
- Malates/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Shewanella/classification
- Shewanella/cytology
- Shewanella/isolation & purification
- Shewanella/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Satomi
- National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency, 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8648, Japan
| | - Birte Fonnesbech Vogel
- Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Department of Seafood Research, Søltofts Plads, c/o Technical University of Denmark, Bldg 221, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kasthuri Venkateswaran
- California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Biotechnology and Planetary Protection Group, 89-2 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Lone Gram
- Danish Institute for Fisheries Research, Department of Seafood Research, Søltofts Plads, c/o Technical University of Denmark, Bldg 221, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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25
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Yang SH, Lee JH, Ryu JS, Kato C, Kim SJ. Shewanella donghaensis sp. nov., a psychrophilic, piezosensitive bacterium producing high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid, isolated from deep-sea sediments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2007; 57:208-212. [PMID: 17267951 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, psychrophilic bacterium, LT17T, was isolated from deep-sea sediments (3300 m depth) of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Optimal growth of LT17T requires the presence of 2.5 % (w/v) NaCl, a pH of 7.0–7.5 and a temperature of 17 °C. The isolate grows optimally under a hydrostatic pressure of 10 MPa and growth is possible between 0.1 and <30 MPa. The novel strain is positive in tests for catalase, oxidase, lipase, β-glucosidase and gelatinase activities and reduces nitrate to nitrate. The predominant cellular fatty acids are iso-C13 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7 and C20 : 5ω3. The DNA G+C content of strain LT17T is 38.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences places this bacterium in the class Gammaproteobacteria, within the genus Shewanella. The closest relatives of strain LT17T are Shewanella japonica (97.8 % gene sequence similarity), Shewanella pacifica (97.5 %), Shewanella olleyana (96.8 %), Shewanella frigidimarina (96.5 %) and Shewanella gelidimarina (95.4 %). The DNA–DNA hybridization levels between the novel isolate and its closest known phylogenetic relatives, S. japonica and S. pacifica, are lower than 14 %. On the basis of this polyphasic evidence, strain LT17T represents a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella donghaensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LT17T (=KCTC 10635BPT=JCM 12524T).
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Proteins/analysis
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Enzymes/analysis
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/biosynthesis
- Genes, rRNA/genetics
- Geologic Sediments/microbiology
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Hydrostatic Pressure
- Japan
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Movement
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Saline Solution, Hypertonic
- Seawater/microbiology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Shewanella/classification
- Shewanella/cytology
- Shewanella/isolation & purification
- Shewanella/metabolism
- Temperature
- Water Microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Yang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Lee
- Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Ryu
- Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea
| | - Chiaki Kato
- Research Program for Marine Biology and Ecology, Extremobiosphere Research Center, JAMSTEC, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - Sang-Jin Kim
- Marine Biotechnology Research Centre, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute, PO Box 29, Ansan 425-600, Republic of Korea
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Miyazaki M, Nogi Y, Usami R, Horikoshi K. Shewanella surugensis sp. nov., Shewanella kaireitica sp. nov. and Shewanella abyssi sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediments of Suruga Bay, Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:1607-1613. [PMID: 16825637 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64173-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Six strains representing three novel species were isolated from deep-sea sediment in Suruga Bay, Japan, at a depth of 2406-2409 m. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolated strains, c931(T), c941(T), d943, c952, d954 and c959(T), are closely affiliated with members of the genus Shewanella. The hybridization values for DNA-DNA relatedness between these strains and Shewanella reference strains were significantly lower than that which is accepted as the phylogenetic definition of a species. On the basis of their distinct taxonomic characteristics, the isolated strains represent three novel Shewanella species, for which the names Shewanella kaireitica sp. nov. (three strains, type strain c931(T)=JCM 11836(T)=DSM 17170(T)), Shewanella abyssi sp. nov. (two strains, type strain c941(T)=JCM 13041(T)=DSM 17171(T)) and Shewanella surugensis sp. nov. (type strain c959(T)=JCM 11835(T)=DSM 17177(T)) are proposed.
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Fatty Acids/chemistry
- Genes, rRNA
- Geologic Sediments/microbiology
- Japan
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Seawater/microbiology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Shewanella/classification
- Shewanella/cytology
- Shewanella/genetics
- Shewanella/isolation & purification
- Water Microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Miyazaki
- Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nogi
- Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - Ron Usami
- Faculty of Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kuzirai, Kawagoe 350-8585, Japan
| | - Koki Horikoshi
- Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
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27
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De Windt W, Boon N, Van den Bulcke J, Rubberecht L, Prata F, Mast J, Hennebel T, Verstraete W. Biological control of the size and reactivity of catalytic Pd(0) produced by Shewanella oneidensis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2006; 90:377-89. [PMID: 17033880 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-006-9088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and the soluble metal Pd(II) during the reductive precipitation of Pd(0) determined the size and properties of the precipitated Pd(0) nanoparticles. Assessment of cell viability indicated that the bioreduction of Pd(II) was a detoxification mechanism depending on the Pd(II) concentration and on the presence and properties of the electron donor. The addition of H(2) in the headspace allowed S. oneidensis to resist the toxic effects of Pd(II). Interestingly, 25 mM formate was a less effective electron donor for bioreductive detoxification of Pd(II), since there was a 2 log reduction of culturable cells and a 20% decrease of viable cells within 60 min, followed by a slow recovery. When the ratio of Pd:cell dry weight (CDW) was below 5:2 at a concentration of 50 mg l(-1) Pd(II), most of the cells remained viable. These viable cells precipitated Pd(0) crystals over a relatively larger bacterial surface area and had a particle area that was up to 100 times smaller when compared to Pd(0) crystals formed on non-viable biomass (Pd:CDW ratio of 5:2). The relatively large and densely covering Pd(0) crystals on non-viable biomass exhibited high catalytic reactivity towards hydrophobic molecules such as polychlorinated biphenyls, while the smaller and more dispersed nanocrystals on a viable bacterial carrier exhibited high catalytic reactivity towards the reductive degradation of the anionic pollutant perchlorate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim De Windt
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Khare
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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Gao W, Liu Y, Giometti CS, Tollaksen SL, Khare T, Wu L, Klingeman DM, Fields MW, Zhou J. Knock-out of SO1377 gene, which encodes the member of a conserved hypothetical bacterial protein family COG2268, results in alteration of iron metabolism, increased spontaneous mutation and hydrogen peroxide sensitivity in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. BMC Genomics 2006; 7:76. [PMID: 16600046 PMCID: PMC1468410 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-7-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 04/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a facultative, gram-negative bacterium capable of coupling the oxidation of organic carbon to a wide range of electron acceptors such as oxygen, nitrate and metals, and has potential for bioremediation of heavy metal contaminated sites. The complete 5-Mb genome of S. oneidensis MR-1 was sequenced and standard sequence-comparison methods revealed approximately 42% of the MR-1 genome encodes proteins of unknown function. Defining the functions of hypothetical proteins is a great challenge and may need a systems approach. In this study, by using integrated approaches including whole genomic microarray and proteomics, we examined knockout effects of the gene encoding SO1377 (gi24372955), a member of the conserved, hypothetical, bacterial protein family COG2268 (Clusters of Orthologous Group) in bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, under various physiological conditions. Results Compared with the wild-type strain, growth assays showed that the deletion mutant had a decreased growth rate when cultured aerobically, but not affected under anaerobic conditions. Whole-genome expression (RNA and protein) profiles revealed numerous gene and protein expression changes relative to the wild-type control, including some involved in iron metabolism, oxidative damage protection and respiratory electron transfer, e. g. complex IV of the respiration chain. Although total intracellular iron levels remained unchanged, whole-cell electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) demonstrated that the level of free iron in mutant cells was 3 times less than that of the wild-type strain. Siderophore excretion in the mutant also decreased in iron-depleted medium. The mutant was more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide and gave rise to 100 times more colonies resistant to gentamicin or kanamycin. Conclusion Our results showed that the knock-out of SO1377 gene had pleiotropic effects and suggested that SO1377 may play a role in iron homeostasis and oxidative damage protection in S. oneidensis MR-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Gao
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Yongqing Liu
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Carol S Giometti
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Sandra L Tollaksen
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Tripti Khare
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Liyou Wu
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Dawn M Klingeman
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Matthew W Fields
- Department of Microbiology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Jizhong Zhou
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Institute for Environmental Genomics and Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
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Toffin L, Bidault A, Pignet P, Tindall BJ, Slobodkin A, Kato C, Prieur D. Shewanella profunda sp. nov., isolated from deep marine sediment of the Nankai Trough. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:1943-1949. [PMID: 15545415 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.03007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel piezotolerant, mesophilic, facultatively anaerobic, organotrophic, polarly flagellated bacterium (strain LT13aT) was isolated from a deep sediment layer in the Nankai Trough (Leg 190, Ocean Drilling Program) off the coast of Japan. This organism used a wide range of organic substrates as sole carbon and energy sources: pyruvate, glutamate, succinate, fumarate, lactate, citrate, peptone and tryptone. Oxygen, nitrate, fumarate, ferric iron and cystine were used as electron acceptors. Maximal growth rates were observed at a hydrostatic pressure of 10 MPa. Hydrostatic pressure for growth was in the range 0·1–50 MPa. Predominant cellular fatty acids were 16 : 1ω7c, 15 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 and 13 : 0 iso. The G+C content of the DNA was 44·9 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain LT13aT was shown to belong to the γ-Proteobacteria, being closely related to Shewanella putrefaciens (98 %), Shewanella oneidensis (97 %) and Shewanella baltica (96 %). Levels of DNA homology between strain LT13aT and S. putrefaciens, S. oneidensis and S. baltica were <20 %, indicating that strain LT13aT represents a novel species. Genetic evidence and phenotypic characteristics showed that isolate LT13aT constitutes a novel species of the genus Shewanella. Because of the deep origin of the strain, the name Shewanella profunda sp. nov. is proposed, with LT13aT (=DSM 15900T=JCM 12080T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Toffin
- Marine Ecosystems Research Department, Japan Marine Science and Technology Centre, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
- UMR 6539, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Adeline Bidault
- UMR 6539, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Patricia Pignet
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, Département de Valorisation des Produits, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Brian J Tindall
- DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alexander Slobodkin
- Institute of Microbiology, RAS Prospekt 60 Let Oktyabrya 7/2, 117312 Moscow, Russia
| | - Chiaki Kato
- Marine Ecosystems Research Department, Japan Marine Science and Technology Centre, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - Daniel Prieur
- UMR 6539, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Place Nicolas Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
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Yoon JH, Yeo SH, Kim IG, Oh TK. Shewanella marisflavi sp. nov. and Shewanella aquimarina sp. nov., slightly halophilic organisms isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2004; 54:2347-2352. [PMID: 15545482 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped organisms, strains SW-117T and SW-120T, were isolated from sea water of the Yellow Sea in Korea and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strains SW-117T and SW-120T simultaneously contained both menaquinones (MK) and ubiquinones (Q) as isoprenoid quinones; the predominant menaquinone was MK-7 and the predominant ubiquinones were Q-7 and Q-8. The major fatty acid detected in the two strains was iso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strains SW-117T and SW-120T was 51 and 54 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains SW-117T and SW-120T fall within the radiation of the cluster comprising Shewanella species. Strains SW-117T and SW-120T showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97·4 % and a DNA–DNA relatedness level of 10·1 %. Strains SW-117T and SW-120T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 93·8–98·5 % and 92·4–97·0 %, respectively, to Shewanella species. Strain SW-117T exhibited DNA–DNA relatedness levels of 8·3–20·3 % to the type strains of six phylogenetically related Shewanella species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strains SW-117T and SW-120T were classified in the genus Shewanella as two distinct novel species, for which the names Shewanella marisflavi sp. nov. (type strain, SW-117T=KCCM 41822T=JCM 12192T) and Shewanella aquimarina sp. nov. (type strain, SW-120T=KCCM 41821T=JCM 12193T) are proposed, respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Bacterial Typing Techniques
- Base Composition
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/isolation & purification
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Fatty Acids/isolation & purification
- Genes, rRNA
- Gentian Violet
- Korea
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Movement
- Oceans and Seas
- Phenazines
- Phylogeny
- RNA, Bacterial/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Seawater/microbiology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Shewanella/classification
- Shewanella/cytology
- Shewanella/isolation & purification
- Shewanella/physiology
- Spores, Bacterial
- Ubiquinone/analysis
- Ubiquinone/isolation & purification
- Vitamin K 2/analysis
- Vitamin K 2/isolation & purification
- Water Microbiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
| | - Soo-Hwan Yeo
- The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources, Keimyung University, Shindang-Dong, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Gi Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
| | - Tae-Kwang Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
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De Windt W, Boon N, Siciliano SD, Verstraete W. Cell density related H2 consumption in relation to anoxic Fe(0) corrosion and precipitation of corrosion products by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Environ Microbiol 2004; 5:1192-202. [PMID: 14641597 DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the absence of oxygen, a protective H2 film is formed around an Fe(0) surface, inhibiting the electron flow from this surface. Our study of anoxic corrosion of Fe(0) beads revealed that, in the presence of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, H2 removal and precipitation of Fe mineral particles on the cell surface are determining processes for corrosion. These two biologically mediated processes were governed by cell density. H2 removal by Shewanella oneidensis was detected at cell concentrations of 1.0 x 10(6) live cells ml-1 and higher and H2 was electron donor for denitrification of NO3-. The removal of the protective H2 layer from Fe(0) beads by Shewanella oneidensis, resulted in an increase of Fe release out of the Fe(0) beads from 153 +/- 25 mg l(-1) to 196 +/- 7 mg l-1 after 20 h. When the cell concentration exceeded 1.0 x 10(8) live cells ml-1, precipitation of iron minerals on the cell surface was characteristic for the greatest percentage of MR-1 cells, whereas micrometre-scale iron precipitates not associated with culturable cell biomass significantly decreased in number. Addition of supernatant of a corrosion assay with high cell concentration induced metabolic activity in a corrosion assay with low cell concentration, resulting in increased H2 consumption and Fe release from Fe(0) beads. Homoserine lactone-like molecules were detected in the supernatant by a bio-assay, suggesting the involvement of a quorum-sensing regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim De Windt
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Ishii A, Nakasone K, Sato T, Wachi M, Sugai M, Nagai K, Kato C. Isolation and characterization of the dcw cluster from the piezophilic deep-sea bacterium Shewanella violacea. J Biochem 2002; 132:183-8. [PMID: 12153713 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dcw cluster of genes involved in cell division and cell wall synthesis from the piezophilic deep-sea bacterium Shewanella violacea was isolated and characterized. It comprises 15 open reading frames, of which the organization is mraZ-mraW-ftsL-ftsI-murE-murF-mraY-murD-ftsW-murG-murC-ftsQ-ftsA-ftsZ-envA, in that order. To analyze transcription upstream from the ftsZ gene, Northern blot and primer extension analyses were performed. The results showed that gene expression is not pressure dependent. Western blot analysis showed that the FtsZ protein is equally expressed under several pressure conditions in the range of atmospheric (0.1 MPa) to high (50 MPa) pressures. Using immunofluorescence microscopy, the FtsZ ring was observed in the center of cells at pressure conditions of 0.1 to 50 MPa. These results imply that the FtsZ protein function is not affected by elevated pressure in this piezophilic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ishii
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
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