Impact of Fireworks Industry Safety Measures and Prevention Management System on Human Error Mitigation Using a Machine Learning Approach

In the fireworks industry (FI), many accidents and explosions frequently happen due to human error (HE). Human factors (HFs) always play a dynamic role in the incidence of accidents in workplace environments. Preventing HE is a main challenge for safety and precautions in the FI. Clarifying the relationship between HFs can help in identifying the correlation between unsafe behaviors and influential factors in hazardous chemical warehouse accidents. This paper aims to investigate the impact of HFs that contribute to HE, which has caused FI disasters, explosions, and incidents in the past. This paper investigates why and how HEs contribute to the most severe accidents that occur while storing and using hazardous chemicals. The impact of fireworks and match industry disasters has motivated the planning of mitigation in this proposal. This analysis used machine learning (ML) and recommends an expert system (ES). There were many significant correlations between individual behaviors and the chance of HE to occur. This paper proposes an ML-based prediction model for fireworks and match work industries in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu. For this study analysis, the questionnaire responses are reviewed for accuracy and coded from 500 participants from the fireworks and match industries in Tamil Nadu who were chosen to fill out a questionnaire. The Chief Inspectorate of Factories in Chennai and the Training Centre for Industrial Safety and Health in Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India, significantly contributed to the collection of accident datasets for the FI in Tamil Nadu, India. The data are analyzed and presented in the following categories based on this study's objectives: the effect of physical, psychological, and organizational factors. The output implemented by comparing ML models, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and Naïve Bayes (NB) accuracy is 86.45%, 91.6%, and 92.1%, respectively. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) has the optimal classification accuracy of 94.41% of ML models. This research aims to create a new ES to mitigate HE risks in the fireworks and match work industries. The proposed ES reduces HE risk and improves workplace safety in unsafe, uncertain workplaces. Proper safety management systems (SMS) can prevent deaths and injuries such as fires and explosions.

Prediction of influencing atmospheric conditions for explosion Avoidance in fireworks manufacturing Industry-A network approach

This research study uses Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to predict occupational accidents in Sivakasi firework industries. Atmospheric temperature, pressure and humidity are the causes of explosion during chemical mixing, drying, and pellet making. The Proposed ANN model predicts the accidents and the session of accidents (FN/AN) based on atmospheric conditions. This prediction takes values from historical accident data due to the atmospheric conditions of Sivakasi (2009-2021). In the development of ANN model, the Feed-Forward Back Propagation (FFBP) with the Levenberg-Marquardt function has been employed with hidden layers of 5 and 10 to train the network. The performance accuracy of both the hidden layers is evaluated and compared with other models like Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN). The accuracy of the proposed model for accident classification is 82.7% and 67.8% for hidden layers 5 and 10, respectively. Also, the model predicts the session of accident with the accuracy of 72% and 54%, specificity of 77.7% and 60.1%, sensitivity of 69% and 52.92% for hidden layers 5 and 10, respectively. It is found that hidden layer 5 gives higher accuracy than hidden layer 10. The proposed ANN model gives the highest accuracy when compared to other models. This study is helpful in the firework industry management, and workers improve safety precautions and avoid explosions due to atmospheric conditions.

Small and medium-sized enterprises' contribution in digital technology

Researchers have mentioned the importance of digitization in improving efficiency and productivity in Small and Medium Enterprises (SME). Fortunately, there is no proof that Digitization can be used to deal with the outcome of severe incidents like COVID-19. The research paper suggested that the increased rate of SMEs has increased significantly. This was entirely due to the advent of Digital Technology (DT). In this way, both product and the process become more automated in digitalization, resulting in increased quality and demand. Considering the high scope for higher development, India's SME sector still has much space for new digital technologies to be integrated. This paper addresses the main scenario of SMEs in India and their benefit in GDP. Also, the research includes a brief analysis of CRM applications and digital payment options in SMEs.