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Motta LCG, Oliveira LDS, de Mendonça Cardoso F, Corrêa DG. Neuroretinitis due to cat scratch disease: The value of postcontrast FLAIR. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 123:13-14. [PMID: 38508017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] [Imported: 03/22/2024]
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Corrêa DG, da Cruz LCH, da Rocha AJ, Pacheco FT. Imaging Aspects of Toxic and Metabolic Myelopathies. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2023; 44:452-463. [PMID: 37555682 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2023.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and toxic myelopathies usually occurs due to several different causes. Metabolic myelopathy usually occurs due to deficiency of a nutrient, such as vitamin B12. Toxic myelopathy occurs secondary to the exposure to an external toxic agent. Although they may have a difficult diagnosis, determination of the specific cause of myelopathy is of utmost importance, because many causes are amenable to treatment. Although they have many clinical, electrophysiologic, and neuropathologic similarities, imaging may aid in the suspicion of toxic or metabolic myelopathy. The aim of this article, is to review the imaging features of the main toxic and metabolic myelopathies.
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Corrêa DG, de Souza SR, Freddi TDAL, Fonseca APA, Dos Santos RQ, da Cruz LCH. Reply to "Comment on: Imaging features of neurosyphilis". J Neuroradiol 2023; 50:503-504. [PMID: 37182616 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, van Duinkerken E, Farinhas JGD, Pereira VC, Gasparetto EL, Alves-Leon SV, Lopes FCR. Influence of natalizumab on resting-state connectivity in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2023; 15:11795735231195775. [PMID: 37600237 PMCID: PMC10433731 DOI: 10.1177/11795735231195775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in brain connectivity occur in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), even in patients under disease-modifying therapies. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to asses patients treated with disease-modifying therapies, such as natalizumab, can elucidate the mechanisms involved in clinical deterioration in MS. Objectives To evaluate differences in resting-state functional connectivity among MS patients treated with natalizumab, MS patients not treated with natalizumab, and controls. Design Single-center retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods Twenty-three MS patients being treated with natalizumab were retrospectively compared with 23 MS patients who were naïve for natalizumab, and were using first-line medications (interferon-β and/or glatiramer acetate), and 17 gender- and age-matched control subjects. The MS patient groups were also matched for time since diagnosis and hyperintense lesion volume on FLAIR. All participants underwent brain MRI using a 3 Tesla scanner. Independent component analysis and dual regression were used to identify resting-state functional connectivity using the FMRIB Software Library. Results In comparison to controls, the MS patients treated with natalizumab presented decreased connectivity in the left orbitofrontal cortex, in the anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortex network. The patients not treated with natalizumab presented increased connectivity in the secondary visual, sensorimotor, and ventral attention networks in comparison to controls.Compared to patients treated with natalizumab, the patients not using natalizumab presented increased connectivity in the left Heschl's gyrus and in the right superior frontal gyrus in the ventral attention network. Conclusion Differences in brain connectivity between MS patients not treated with natalizumab, healthy controls, and patients treated with natalizumab may be secondary to suboptimal neuronal compensation due to prior less efficient treatments, or due to a compensation in response to maladaptive plasticity.
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Costa RDS, Hygino da Cruz Jr LC, de Souza SR, Ventura N, Corrêa DG. Insights into Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Central Nervous System Paracoccidioidomycosis: A Comprehensive Review. Res Rep Trop Med 2023; 14:87-98. [PMID: 37554584 PMCID: PMC10406117 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s391633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a infection caused by the thermodimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides spp. (P. lutzii and, mainly, P. brasiliensis). This infection predominantly affects rural male workers aged between 30 and 50 years old who deal with soil on daily activities. Clinically, the disease is classified as acute/subacute phase, which evolves rapidly, secondary to dissemination of the fungus through to the phagocytic-mononuclear system, leading to fever, weight loss, and anorexia, associated with hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, which can be complicated with suppuration and fistulization; and chronic phase, which corresponds to 74% to 95% of symptomatic cases, with a common pulmonary involvement. Central nervous system involvement is almost always a characteristic of the chronic form. Inhalation is the most common route of primary infection, usually affecting the lungs, forming the primary complex. From the primary complex, hematogenic dissemination can occur to any organ, including the brain and spinal cord. Although PCM of the central nervous system diagnosis is usually based on histopathological analysis and the imaging features are not specific for PCM, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can demonstrate evidences of granuloma, abscess, meningitis, or a combination of these lesions, contributing to a preoperative diagnosis, especially when considered in conjunction with epidemiology. In this article, we review the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and imaging aspects of neuro-PCM.
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Corrêa DG, Júnior AL, Pacheco FT. Oculomotor nerve trauma: the intensity matters in imaging interpretation. Acta Neurol Belg 2023:10.1007/s13760-023-02347-2. [PMID: 37515702 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, Paulino R, Mogami R. Multiple lung nodules with the halo sign due to syphilis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2023; 56:e02462023. [PMID: 37493752 PMCID: PMC10367201 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0246-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Corrêa DG, Pacheco FT, da Cruz LCH, Nunes RH, Maia ACM, de Souza Godoy LF, Bisolo L, da Silva NA, Soldatelli MD, de Siqueira Campos CM, Vedolin LM, do Amaral LLF, da Rocha AJ. Intracranial vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging features of infectious vasculitis. Clin Imaging 2023; 98:26-35. [PMID: 36996597 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Vasculitis is a complication of several infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system, which may result in ischemic and/or hemorrhagic stroke, transient ischemic attack, and aneurysm formation. The infectious agent may directly infect the endothelium, causing vasculitis, or indirectly affect the vessel wall through an immunological mechanism. The clinical manifestations of these complications usually overlap with those of non-infectious vascular diseases, making diagnosis challenging. Intracranial vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VWI) enables the evaluation of the vessel wall and the diseases that affect it, providing diagnostic data beyond luminal changes and enabling the identification of inflammatory changes in cerebral vasculitis. This technique demonstrates concentric vessel wall thickening and gadolinium enhancement, associated or not with adjacent brain parenchymal enhancement, in patients with vasculitis of any origin. It permits the detection of early alterations, even before a stenosis occurs. In this article, we review the intracranial vessel wall imaging features of infectious vasculitis of bacterial, viral, and fungal etiologies.
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Corrêa DG, Hygino da Cruz LC, Freddi TDAL. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve: Anatomy and Pathology. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2023; 44:81-94. [PMID: 37055143 DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The vestibulocochlear nerve is the eighth cranial nerve, entering the brainstem in the medullopontine sulcus after crossing the internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle cistern. It is a purely sensitive nerve, originating from the Scarpa's and spiral ganglions, responsible for balance and hearing. It has 6 nuclei located in the lower pons. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for evaluating the vestibulocochlear nerve, although computed tomography may have a complementary role in assessing bone lesions. A heavily T2-weighted sequence, such as fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) or constructive interference steady state (CISS), is crucial in imaging exams to depict the canalicular and cisternal segments of the vestibulocochlear nerve, as well as the fluid signal intensity in the membranous labyrinth. The vestibulocochlear nerve can be affected by several diseases, such as congenital malformations, trauma, inflammatory or infectious diseases, vascular disorders, and neoplasms. The purpose of this article is to review the vestibulocochlear nerve anatomy, discuss the best MRI techniques to evaluate this nerve and demonstrate the imaging aspect of the main diseases that affect it.
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Corrêa DG, Cañete LAQ, Cruz LCHD. Epstein-Barr virus meningitis mimicking tuberculous meningitis on neuroimaging. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e0254. [PMID: 36134866 PMCID: PMC9491228 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0254-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Corrêa DG, Costa FM, Mendonça S, Severo A, Canella C. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Alterations in Acute Compartment Syndrome. J Foot Ankle Surg 2022; 61:1134-1135. [PMID: 33573903 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, Freddi TDAL, Chaves CG, Hygino da Cruz LC. Neuroimaging features of arboviral infections in the Americas. Clin Imaging 2022; 85:64-73. [PMID: 35247791 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Arboviruses are zoonotic RNA viruses maintained in nature in cycles that involve arthropod vectors. The arboviruses that cause disease in humans are members of the Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Reoviridae families. These viral species have geographically and climatically restricted distributions due to particular ecological and vector features. The main emerging arboviruses in the Americas are dengue, zika, yellow fever (Flaviviridae), and chikungunya (Togaviridae). All of these viruses can be transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Although not commonly, these infections are associated with neurological complications, characterized mainly by hemorrhage, encephalitis, myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and/or congenital malformations. This review describes the imaging features of the neurological complications of these emerging arbovirus infections.
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Corrêa DG, de Souza SR, Nunes PGC, Coutinho Jr. AC, da Cruz Jr. LCH. The role of neuroimaging in the determination of brain death. Radiol Bras 2022; 55:365-372. [PMID: 36514681 PMCID: PMC9743262 DOI: 10.1590/0100-3984.2022.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain death is the irreversible cessation of all brain function. Although protocols for its determination vary among countries, the concept of brain death is widely accepted, despite ethical and religious issues. The pathophysiology of brain death is related to hypoxia and ischemia in the setting of extensive brain injury. It is also related to the effects of brain edema, which increases intracranial pressure, leading to cerebral circulatory arrest. Although the diagnosis of brain death is based on clinical parameters, the use of neuroimaging to demonstrate diffuse brain injury as the cause of coma prior to definitive clinical examination is a prerequisite. Brain computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrate diffuse edema, as well as ventricular and sulcal effacement, together with brain herniation. Angiography (by CT or MRI) demonstrates the absence of intracranial arterial and venous flow. In some countries, electroencephalography, cerebral digital subtraction angiography, transcranial Doppler ultrasound, or scintigraphy/single-photon emission CT are currently used for the definitive diagnosis of brain death. Although the definition of brain death relies on clinical features, radiologists could play an important role in the early recognition of global hypoxic-ischemic injury and the absence of cerebral vascular perfusion.
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Corrêa DG, Costa FM. Letter to the Editor: Imaging update on musculoskeletal infections. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 23:101673. [PMID: 34790563 PMCID: PMC8577467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2021.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Corrêa DG, Cañete LAQ, Dos Santos GAC, de Oliveira RV, Brandão CO, da Cruz LCH. Neurological symptoms and neuroimaging alterations related with COVID-19 vaccine: Cause or coincidence? Clin Imaging 2021; 80:348-352. [PMID: 34507266 PMCID: PMC8421080 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Although vaccination against Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is still occurring, several adverse effects temporally related to these vaccines are already being reported, even if through isolated case reports. In the present study, we describe the lesions seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of three patients who developed neurological symptoms after receiving the ChAdOX1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford/AstraZeneca). The first patient presented with an ischemic stroke in the posterior limb of the left internal capsule, two days after vaccination. The second patient presented with a left facial nerve palsy, seven days after vaccination. The third patient presented with myelitis, eight days after receiving the vaccine. All patients presented the symptoms after the first dose of the vaccine and did not have a history of previous COVID-19. The real incidence of these types of complications is not known yet, but it is important to consider the possibility of COVID-19 vaccine complications, in patients with a recent history of vaccination and recent development of neurological symptoms, even though this association is only casual. Longitudinal studies are necessary to further analyze the incidence of the adverse effects of each vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.
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Dos Santos ARS, de Souza SR, Corrêa DG. Narrow dural base as an imaging sign for the differential diagnosis of intracranial meningiomas. Neuroradiology 2021; 63:1577-1579. [PMID: 34398276 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, Tijms BM, Dicks E, Rêgo C, Alves-Leon SV, Marcondes J, Gasparetto EL, van Duinkerken E. Effects of seizure burden on structural global brain networks in patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2237. [PMID: 34105906 PMCID: PMC8413824 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Temporal lobe epilepsy secondary to hippocampal sclerosis is related to epileptogenic networks rather than a focal epileptogenic source. Graph-theoretical gray and white matter networks may help to identify alterations within these epileptogenic networks. METHODS Twenty-seven patients with hippocampal sclerosis and 14 controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging, including 3D-T1, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and diffusion tensor imaging. Subject-specific structural gray and white matter network properties (normalized path length, clustering, and small-worldness) were reconstructed. Group differences and differences between those with higher and lower seizure burden (<4 vs. ≥4 average monthly seizures in the last year) in network parameters were evaluated. Additionally, correlations between network properties and disease-related variables were calculated. RESULTS All patients with hippocampal sclerosis as one group did not have altered gray or white matter network properties (all p > .05). Patients with lower seizure burden had significantly lower gray matter small-worldness and normalized clustering compared to controls and those with higher seizure burden (all p < .04). A higher number of monthly seizures was significantly associated with increased gray and white matter small-worldness, indicating a more rigid network. CONCLUSION Overall, there were no differences in network properties in this group of patients with hippocampal sclerosis. However, patients with lower seizure burden had significantly lower gray matter network indices, indicating a more random organization. The correlation between higher monthly seizures and a more rigid network is driven by those with higher seizure burden, who presented a more rigid network compared to those with a lower seizure burden.
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Corrêa DG, Cañete LAQ, da Cruz LCH. Development of a cerebellar glioblastoma at the same location of a previously stable cavernous angioma. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:4363-4365. [PMID: 34258678 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, Canella C, Costa FM. Comment on Payo-Ollero J, Moreno-Figaredo V, Llombart-Blanco R, Alfonso M, San Julián M, Villas C. Osteoid osteoma in the Ankle and foot. An overview of 50 years of experience. Foot Ankle Surg 2021;27:143-9. Foot Ankle Surg 2021; 27:464-465. [PMID: 33931294 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, Dos Santos RQ, Hygino da Cruz LC. Primary intramedullary malignant melanoma: can imaging lead to the correct diagnosis? J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520966152. [PMID: 33103574 PMCID: PMC7645401 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520966152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm of melanin-producing cells. Melanoma usually occurs in the skin, but can also arise in any anatomical site that contains melanocytes, such as mucous membranes, the eyes, and the central nervous system (CNS). Primary CNS malignant melanoma most often develops in the leptomeninges. We report a case of a rare intramedullary melanoma of the thoracic spinal cord. A 78-year-old man was treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy for leptomeningeal spread. We also discuss the role of imaging methods in diagnosis and follow-up. Medullary melanoma occurs more frequently in adults. The most common presenting symptoms are the insidious onset of lower extremity weakness and paresthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for evaluation. Although there are no imaging features to accurately distinguish primary malignant melanoma from other melanocytic or hemorrhagic tumors, hyperintensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging should lead to inclusion of this neoplasm in differential diagnosis of spinal cord tumors. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography is a useful auxiliary examination to evaluate the extent of local and metastatic disease. Surgical resection is the primary treatment for intramedullary melanoma. However, the efficacy of adjunctive radiotherapy and chemotherapy for primary spinal cord malignant melanoma is still controversial.
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Corrêa DG, da Cruz LCH. Critical illness-associated brain microhemorrhages in a child with multisystem inflammatory syndrome secondary to coronavirus disease 2019. Pediatr Neonatol 2021; 62:329-330. [PMID: 33551363 PMCID: PMC8045680 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
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Magnetic resonance imaging features of COVID-19-related cranial nerve lesions. J Neurovirol 2021; 27:171-177. [PMID: 33460014 PMCID: PMC7812977 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The complete features of the neurological complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) still need to be elucidated, including associated cranial nerve involvement. In the present study we describe cranial nerve lesions seen in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of six cases of confirmed COVID-19, involving the olfactory bulb, optic nerve, abducens nerve, and facial nerve. Cranial nerve involvement was associated with COVID-19, but whether by direct viral invasion or autoimmunity needs to be clarified. The development of neurological symptoms after initial respiratory symptoms and the absence of the virus in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggest the possibility of autoimmunity.
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Corrêa DG, Dos Santos RQ, da Cruz LCH. Isolated substantia nigra lesions in encephalitis: A specific MRI pattern? Acta Neurol Belg 2020; 120:1433-1435. [PMID: 32240533 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01346-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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Corrêa DG, de Souza Lima FC, da Cruz Bezerra D, Coutinho AC, Hygino da Cruz LC. COVID-19 associated with encephalomyeloradiculitis and positive anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies: Cause or coincidence? Mult Scler 2020; 27:973-976. [PMID: 32909895 DOI: 10.1177/1352458520949988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurologic complications are being recognized as important outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Pathogenesis is varied and incompletely understood, and may include neuroinvasion, indirect post-infectious neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular pathologies. We present a case of COVID-19-related encephalomyeloradiculitis with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders that was associated with anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies. Our case suggests post-infectious autoimmunity as a mechanism in at least a subset of patients with COVID-19-related neurologic disease.
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Corrêa DG, Canella C, Costa FM. Role of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumors. Indian J Orthop 2020; 55:279-281. [PMID: 34113433 PMCID: PMC8149570 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-020-00118-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
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