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Zhang J, Wang R, Pereira SA. Editorial: Drug metabolism and transport: the Frontier of personalized medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1246827. [PMID: 37492090 PMCID: PMC10364635 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1246827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, China
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Peng S, Yu S, Zhang J, Zhang J. 6-Shogaol as a Novel Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitor Induces Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Apoptosis in HeLa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054966. [PMID: 36902397 PMCID: PMC10003455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a crucial strategy for the discovery of antineoplastic drugs. 6-Shogaol (6-S), a primary bioactive compound in ginger, has high anticancer activity. However, its potential mechanism of action has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that 6-S, a novel TrxR inhibitor, promoted oxidative-stress-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells. The other two constituents of ginger, 6-gingerol (6-G) and 6-dehydrogingerduone (6-DG), have a similar structure to 6-S but fail to kill HeLa cells at low concentrations. 6-Shogaol specifically inhibits purified TrxR1 activity by targeting selenocysteine residues. It also induced apoptosis and was more cytotoxic to HeLa cells than normal cells. The molecular mechanism of 6-S-mediated apoptosis involves TrxR inhibition, followed by an outburst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, TrxR knockdown enhanced the cytotoxic sensitivity of 6-S cells, highlighting the physiological significance of targeting TrxR by 6-S. Our findings show that targeting TrxR by 6-S reveals a new mechanism underlying the biological activity of 6-S and provides meaningful insights into its action in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujiao Peng
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaopeng Yu
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiange Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.Z.)
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Zhang J, Semlali A, Maycotte P, Saso L. Editorial: Targeting redox regulation and autophagy systems for cancer therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1146670. [PMID: 36798822 PMCID: PMC9927638 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Junmin Zhang, ; Abdelhabib Semlali, ; Paola Maycotte, ; Luciano Saso,
| | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Junmin Zhang, ; Abdelhabib Semlali, ; Paola Maycotte, ; Luciano Saso,
| | - Paola Maycotte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Puebla, Mexico,*Correspondence: Junmin Zhang, ; Abdelhabib Semlali, ; Paola Maycotte, ; Luciano Saso,
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Junmin Zhang, ; Abdelhabib Semlali, ; Paola Maycotte, ; Luciano Saso,
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Xu Q, Zhang J, Zhao Z, Chu Y, Fang J. Revealing PACMA 31 as a new chemical type TrxR inhibitor to promote cancer cell apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2022; 1869:119323. [PMID: 35793738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is a pivotal regulator of redox homeostasis, while dysregulation of redox homeostasis is a hallmark for cancer cells. Thus, there is considerable potential to inhibit the aberrantly upregulated TrxR in cancer cells to discover selective cancer therapeutic agents. Nevertheless, the structural types of TrxR inhibitors presented currently are still relatively limited. We herein report that PACMA 31, previously reported to inhibit protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), is a potent TrxR inhibitor. PACMA 31 possesses a pharmacophore scaffold that is structurally different from the announced TrxR inhibitors and exhibits effective cytotoxicity against cervical cancer cells. Our results reveal that PACMA 31 selectively inhibits TrxR over the related glutathione reductase (GR) and in the presence of reduced glutathione (GSH). Further studies with mutant enzyme and molecular docking suggest that the propynamide fragment of PACMA 31 interacts covalently with the selenocysteine residue of TrxR. Moreover, PACMA 31 effectively and selectively curbs TrxR activity in cells and further stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at low micromolar concentrations, which in turn triggers the accumulation of oxidized thioredoxin (Trx) and GSSG in cells. Follow-up studies demonstrate that PACMA 31 targets TrxR in cells to induce oxidative stress-mediated cancer cell apoptosis. Our results provide a new structural type of TrxR inhibitor that may serve as a useful probe for investigating the biology of TrxR-implicated pathways, and uncover a new target of PACMA 31 that contributes to it becoming a candidate for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhe Xu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China..
| | - Zhengjia Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yajun Chu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China..
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Zhang J, Xu Q, Ma D. Inhibition of thioredoxin reductase by natural anticancer candidate β-lapachone accounts for triggering redox activation-mediated HL-60 cell apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 180:244-252. [PMID: 35091063 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
β-Lapachone as a natural novel anticancer candidate is under clinical trials. Previous studies suggested that β-lapachone works by redox activation to ablate cancer cells. However, it is still unclear whether thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), one of the key redox catalytic enzymes in cells, plays a role in the pharmacological effects of β-lapachone. Herein, we present that β-lapachone kills human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells with preference over other cancer cells and normal cells. The follow-up studies demonstrate that β-lapachone induces the HL-60 cell apoptosis through inhibition of TrxR and further elevation of oxidative stress. Overexpression of the TrxR alleviates the efficiency of β-lapachone while knockdown of the enzyme increases the β-lapachone cytotoxicity, scientifically underpinning the correlation of the observed biological behaviors of β-lapachone to TrxR inhibition. The disclosure of the novel action mechanism of β-lapachone sheds light on understanding its capacity in interfering with cellular redox signaling and supports β-lapachone as an anticancer drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR), China.
| | - Qianhe Xu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Di Ma
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Wei X, Zhong M, Wang S, Li L, Song ZL, Zhang J, Xu J, Fang J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of disulfides as anticancer agents with thioredoxin inhibition. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104814. [PMID: 33756234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Altered redox homeostasis as a hallmark of cancer cells is exploited by cancer cells for growth and survival. The thioredoxin (Trx), an important regulator in maintaining the intracellular redox homeostasis, is cumulatively recognized as a promising target for the development of anticancer drugs. Herein, we synthesized 72 disulfides and evaluated theirinhibition for Trx and antitumor activity. First, we established an efficient and fast method to screen Trx inhibitors by using the probe NBL-SS that was developed by our group to detect Trx function in living cells. After an initial screening of the Trx inhibitory activity of these compounds, 8 compounds showed significant inhibition activity against Trx. We then evaluated the cytotoxicity of these 8 disulfides, compounds 68 and 69 displayed high cytotoxicity to HeLa cells, but less sensitive to normal cell lines. Next, we performed kinetic studies of both two disulfides, 68 had faster inhibition of Trx than 69. Further studies revealed that 68 led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and eventually induced apoptosis of Hela cells via inhibiting Trx. The establishment of a method for screening Trx inhibitors and the discovery of 68 with remarkable Trx inhibition provide support for the development of anticancer candidates with Trx inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Miao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lexun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zi-Long Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Zhang J, Wang R. Enhanced P-glycoprotein expression under high-altitude hypoxia contributes to increased phenytoin levels and reduced clearance in rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 153:105490. [PMID: 32721527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
To study the effect of plateau hypoxia on the concentration of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate phenytoin, Wistar rats are randomly divided into the control group and the hypoxic group, including P-gp inhibited groups respectively. Blood, cerebrospinal fluid, brain tissue, and blood-brain barrier were collected in plain areas at an altitude of 1500 m and plateau areas at an altitude of 4010 m. Evans Blue exclusion was used to assess the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Western blot and qPCR were used to detect changes in P-gp expression. LC-MS/MS was used to determine the concentration of phenytoin in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. In the high-altitude plateau group, phenytoin AUC0-t, MRT0-t and t1/2 increased significantly by 60%, 48%, and 61%, respectively, and clearance decreased by 67% (p <0.05 for all parameter). The protein expression of P-gp in the blood-brain barrier of the plateau group was up-regulated 1.84 times and the gene expression was up-regulated 2.21 times. The concentrations of phenytoin in the CSF of rats in the plain and high-altitude groups were 864.7 ± 348.3 and 1000±273.9 ng•mL-1, respectively. However, after inhibiting P-gp, the concentration of phenytoin in the CSF decreased significantly. It indicates that the increased expression of P-gp on the blood-brain barrier may lead to an increase in the amount of phenytoin excreted from the blood into the CSF, which may cause neurotoxic side effects. These results demonstrate significant changes in the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin under hypoxic conditions, supporting the need for careful dose titration for drugs with a narrow therapeutic range under high-altitude conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou 730050, China; School of Pharmacy, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou 730050, China; School of Pharmacy, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Zhang J, Sun Y, Wang R, Zhang J. Gut Microbiota-Mediated Drug-Drug Interaction between Amoxicillin and Aspirin. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16194. [PMID: 31700098 PMCID: PMC6838174 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] [Imported: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of antibiotics on the intestinal flora can create potential drug-drug interactions. The combination of amoxicillin and aspirin is high and there is a high probability of interaction. We used 16S rRNA, incubation experiments and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze rat biological samples to characterize the effect of amoxicillin on the pharmacokinetics of aspirin metabolites. We first discovered that amoxicillin reduced the species and number of intestinal flora in rats, such as reducing the abundance of Helicobacter pylori and Prevotella_copri. After 12, 24, and 36 hours of incubation, the remaining amount of aspirin in the aspirin and amoxicillin treatment groups decreased, and salicylic acid production increased, suggesting that aspirin is metabolized by the intestinal flora, and the main metabolite is salicylic acid. As the incubation time prolonged, the reduction of aspirin and the production of salicylic acid in the amoxicillin treatment group were slower. It is indicated that the metabolic activity of aspirin through the intestinal flora is slowed down after administration of amoxicillin. The pharmacokinetic experiments showed that after administration of amoxicillin, the area under the salicylic acid curve increased by 91.38%, the peak concentration increased by 60.43%, and the clearance rate decreased by 43.55%.The results demonstrated that amoxicillin affected the pharmacokinetics of aspirin active metabolite salicylic acid by slowing down the metabolic activity of intestinal flora on aspirin. The interaction between amoxicillin and aspirin mediated by the intestinal flora may affect the efficacy of aspirin and cause more significant adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuemei Sun
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Prevention and Remediation of Plateau Environmental Damage, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of CPLA, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Liu T, Zhang J, Han X, Xu J, Wu Y, Fang J. Promotion of HeLa cells apoptosis by cynaropicrin involving inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and induction of oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:216-226. [PMID: 30880248 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] [Imported: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as one of the highly mortal diseases globally. This is largely due to the lack of efficacious medicines for tumors, and thus development of potent anticancer agents is urgently needed. The thioredoxin (Trx) system is crucial to the survival ability of cells and its expression is up-regulated in many human tumors. Recently, increasing evidence has been established that mammalian thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), a selenocysteine-containing protein and the core component of the thioredoxin system, is a promising therapeutic target. The sesquiterpene lactone compound cynaropicrin (CYN), a major component of Cynara scolymus L., has shown multiple pharmacological functions, especially the anticancer effect, in many experimental models. Most of these functions are concomitant with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nevertheless, the target of this promising natural anticancer product in redox control has rarely been explored. In this study, we showed that CYN induces apoptosis of Hela cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that CYN impinges on the thioredoxin system via inhibition of TrxR, which leads to Trx oxidation and ROS accumulation in HeLa cells. Particularly, the cytotoxicity of CYN is enhanced through the genetic knockdown of TrxR, supporting the pharmacological effect of CYN is relevant to its inhibition of TrxR. Together, our studies reveal an unprecedented mechanism accounting for the anticancer effect of CYN and identify a promising therapeutic agent worthy of further development for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- School of Life Science and Medicine & Panjin Industrial Technology Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Yueting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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