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Liu J, Fan Y, Song J, Song R, Li X, Liu L, Wei N, Yuan J, Yi W, Pan R, Jin X, Cheng J, Zhang X, Su H. Impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity exacerbates the effect of PM 2.5 and its components on dyslipidemia in schizophrenia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174055. [PMID: 38889814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia in schizophrenia causes a serious loss of healthy life expectancy, making it imperative to explore key environmental risk factors. We aimed to assess the effect of PM2.5 and its constituents on dyslipidemia in schizophrenia, identify the critical hazardous components, and investigate the role of impaired thyroid hormones (THs) sensitivity in this association. METHODS We collected disease data on schizophrenia from the Anhui Mental Health Center from 2019 to 2022. Logistic regression was constructed to explore the effect of average annual exposure to PM2.5 and its components [black carbon (BC), organic matter (OM), sulfate (SO42-), ammonium (NH4+), and nitrate (NO3-)] on dyslipidemia, with subgroup analyses for age and gender. The degree of impaired THs sensitivity in participants was reflected by the Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index (TFQI), and its role in the association of PM2.5 components with dyslipidemia was explored. RESULTS A total of 5125 patients with schizophrenia were included in this study. Exposure to PM2.5 and its components (BC, OM, SO42-, NH4+, and NO3-) were associated with dyslipidemia with the odds ratios and 95 % confidence interval of 1.13 (1.04, 1.23), 1.16 (1.07, 1.26), 1.15 (1.06, 1.25), 1.11 (1.03, 1.20), 1.09 (1.00, 1.18), 1.12 (1.04, 1.20), respectively. Mixed exposure modeling indicated that BC played a major role in the effects of the mixture. More significant associations were observed in males and groups <45 years. In addition, we found that the effect of PM2.5 and its components on dyslipidemia was exacerbated as impaired THs sensitivity in the patients. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5 and its components is associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia in schizophrenia, which may be exacerbated by impaired THs sensitivity. Our results suggest a new perspective for the management of ambient particulate pollution and the protection of thyroid function in schizophrenia.
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Yin Y, Yang G, Wang N, Zeng M, Jiang H, Yuan S, Wu J, Zhang J, Cui J, Zhou G, Yang X, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Yuan J, Lin J, Chen J, Tang M, Chen J. Exploring the prevalence and chest CT predictors of Long COVID in children: a comprehensive study from Shanghai and Linyi. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1420196. [PMID: 39170602 PMCID: PMC11335557 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1420196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 constitutes a pandemic of significant detriment to human health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Long COVID following SARS-CoV-2 infection, analyze the potential predictors of chest CT for the development of Long COVID in children. Methods A cohort of children who visited the respiratory outpatient clinics at Shanghai Children's Medical Center or Linyi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from December 2022 to February 2023 and underwent chest CT scans within 1 week was followed up. Data on clinical characteristics, Long COVID symptoms, and chest CT manifestations were collected and analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models and decision tree models were employed to identify factors associated with Long COVID. Results A total of 416 children were included in the study. Among 277 children who completed the follow-up, the prevalence of Long COVID was 23.1%. Chronic cough, fatigue, brain fog, and post-exertional malaise were the most commonly reported symptoms. In the decision tree model for Long COVID, the presence of increased vascular markings, the absence of normal CT findings, and younger age were identified as predictors associated with a higher likelihood of developing Long COVID in children. However, no significant correlation was found between chest CT abnormality and the occurrence of Long COVID. Discussion Long COVID in children presents a complex challenge with a significant prevalence rate of 23.1%. Chest CT scans of children post-SARS-CoV-2 infection, identified as abnormal with increased vascular markings, indicate a higher risk of developing Long COVID.
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Yang G, Jiang H, Xie D, Yuan S, Wu J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yuan J, Lin J, Chen J, Yin Y. Association of obesity with osteoporotic fracture risk in individuals with bone metabolism-related conditions: a cross sectional analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1365587. [PMID: 39166135 PMCID: PMC11333327 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1365587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the individual and composite associations of different indices of obesity on osteoporotic fractures at three different sites among individuals affected by conditions influencing bone metabolism. Methods Participants were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a national cross-sectional survey. BMI and WC were used separately and in combination to evaluate the presence of obesity. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, WC ≥ 88 cm in females, and WC ≥ 102 cm in males. Associations between obesity and osteoporotic fractures were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and OR curves. Associations modified by age, sex, race, and alcohol consumption were also evaluated. Results A total of 5377 participants were included in this study. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, we found that BMI, WC, BMI defining obesity, and WC defining obesity were negatively associated with hip fracture (all p < 0.05). However, harmful associations between WC and BMI defining obesity and spine fracture were found (all p < 0.05). OR curves revealed that BMI and WC had a linear relationship with hip and spine fractures (all P for non-linearity >0.05). Further analyses showed that the highest WC quartile was harmfully associated with a higher risk of spine fractures (p < 0.05). Obese participants diagnosed by both BMI and WC were less likely to have hip fractures but more likely to have spine fractures (all P for trend <0.05). A significant interaction between age (Ref: age < 50 years) and BMI and WC was detected for hip fractures (all P for interaction <0.05). Discussion In people with conditions influencing bone metabolism, obesity diagnosed by BMI and WC was associated with a lower risk of hip fracture, while obesity diagnosed by BMI and the highest WC quartile were associated with a higher risk of spine fracture.
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Chen Y, Yuan J, Shi L, Zhou J, Wang H, Li C, Dong E, Zhao L. Understanding the Role of Technology Anxiety in the Adoption of Digital Health Technologies (DHTs) by Older Adults with Chronic Diseases in Shanghai: An Extension of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1421. [PMID: 39057564 PMCID: PMC11275594 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The unprecedented rapid growth of digital health has brought new opportunities to the health field. However, elderly patients with chronic diseases, as an important potential beneficiary group, are affected by the digital divide, leading to unsatisfactory usage of digital health technologies (DHTs). Our study focused on the factors influencing the adoption of DHTs among this vulnerable group. To extend the UTAUT theory, technology anxiety and several demographic predictors were included to address the age characteristics of the respondents. An on-site survey was conducted in general, district, and community hospitals in Shanghai (n = 309). Facilitating conditions negatively influenced technology anxiety. Technology anxiety hindered behavioural intention. Social influence had a significant but negative impact on behavioural intention. Education, whether older adults have had experience with DHTs and previous smartphone usage experiences were significantly associated with technology anxiety. The findings provide valuable information for multiple stakeholders, including family members of elderly users, product designers, and policymakers. Ameliorating facilitating conditions, improving devices' usage experience, encouraging attempts and focusing on groups with lower educational levels can help to reduce technology anxiety and promote DHT acceptance and use in older age groups.
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Yuan J, Ding X, Yang W, Lan Z, Yu Y, Yu L, Dai X, Wang Y, Zhang J. The impact of lipoprotein(a) level on cardiac pathologies in diabetes: a cardiac CT study. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10903-4. [PMID: 38995383 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to explore the imaging profile of coronary atherosclerosis, perivascular inflammation, myocardial perfusion, and interstitial fibrosis in diabetes stratified by lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels. METHODS In this prospective study, we enrolled diabetic patients who had undergone computed tomography (CT) angiography, stress CT-myocardial perfusion imaging, and late iodine enhancement in 20 months. Then, we categorized them into elevated and normal groups based on an Lp(a) cutoff level of 30 mg/dL. All imaging data, including coronary atherosclerosis parameters, pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) density, stress myocardial blood flow (MBF), and extracellular volume (ECV), were collected for further analysis. RESULTS In total, 207 participants (mean age: 59.1 ± 12.0 years, 111 males) were included in this study. Patients with elevated Lp(a) level had more pronounced percent atheroma volume (2.55% (1.01-9.01%) versus 1.30% (0-4.95%), p = 0.010), and demonstrated a higher incidence of positive remodeling, spotty calcification, and high-risk plaque (HRP) than those with normal Lp(a) levels (75.6% versus 54.8%, p = 0.015; 26.8% versus 9.6%, p = 0.003; 51.2% versus 30.1%, p = 0.011, respectively). Results of the multivariate analysis revealed that after adjusting for all clinical characteristics, elevated Lp(a) levels were an independent parameter associated with HRP (odds ratio = 2.608; 95% confidence interval: 1.254-5.423, p = 0.010). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of PCAT density, stress MBF, and ECV. CONCLUSIONS Elevated Lp(a) levels are associated with extensive coronary atherosclerosis and HRP development. However, they are not related to perivascular inflammation, decreased myocardial perfusion, and interstitial fibrosis in diabetes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Elevated lipoprotein(a) levels are associated with extensive coronary atherosclerosis and a high incidence of HRPs. However, they are not related to perivascular inflammation, decreased myocardial perfusion, and interstitial fibrosis in diabetes. KEY POINTS Diabetes is a known risk factor that accelerates cardiovascular disease progression. Diabetics with elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels had a higher percent atheroma volume and positive remodeling, spotty calcification, and HRPs. Patients with diabetes should be screened for elevated Lp(a) using CCTA for comprehensive evaluation of atherosclerotic characteristics.
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Ablikim M, Achasov MN, Adlarson P, Afedulidis O, Ai XC, Aliberti R, Amoroso A, An Q, Anderle D, Bai Y, Bakina O, Balossino I, Ban Y, Bao HR, Batozskaya V, Begzsuren K, Berger N, Berlowski M, Bertani M, Bettoni D, Bianchi F, Bianco E, Bortone A, Boyko I, Briere RA, Brueggemann A, Cai H, Cai X, Calcaterra A, Cao GF, Cao N, Cetin SA, Chang JF, Che GR, Chelkov G, Chen C, Chen CH, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen ML, Chen SJ, Chen SL, Chen SM, Chen T, Chen XR, Chen XT, Chen YB, Chen YQ, Chen ZJ, Chen ZY, Choi SK, Cibinetto G, Cossio F, Cui JJ, Dai HL, Dai JP, Dbeyssi A, de Boer RE, Dedovich D, Deng CQ, Deng ZY, Denig A, Denysenko I, Destefanis M, De Mori F, Ding B, Ding XX, Ding Y, Ding Y, Dong J, Dong LY, Dong MY, Dong X, Du MC, Du SX, Duan YY, Duan ZH, Egorov P, Fan YH, Fang J, Fang J, Fang SS, Fang WX, Fang Y, Fang YQ, Farinelli R, Fava L, Feldbauer F, Felici G, Feng CQ, Feng JH, Feng YT, Fritsch M, Fu CD, Fu JL, Fu YW, Gao H, Gao XB, Gao YN, Gao Y, Garbolino S, Garzia I, Ge L, Ge PT, Ge ZW, Geng C, Gersabeck EM, Gilman A, Goetzen K, Gong L, Gong WX, Gradl W, Gramigna S, Greco M, Gu MH, Gu YT, Guan CY, Guan ZL, Guo AQ, Guo LB, Guo MJ, Guo RP, Guo YP, Guskov A, Gutierrez J, Han KL, Han TT, Hanisch F, Hao XQ, Harris FA, He KK, He KL, Heinsius FH, Heinz CH, Heng YK, Herold C, Holtmann T, Hong PC, Hou GY, Hou XT, Hou YR, Hou ZL, Hu BY, Hu HM, Hu JF, Hu SL, Hu T, Hu Y, Huang GS, Huang KX, Huang LQ, Huang XT, Huang YP, Hussain T, Hölzken F, Hüsken N, Hüsken N, In der Wiesche N, Jackson J, Janchiv S, Jeong JH, Ji Q, Ji QP, Ji W, Ji XB, Ji XL, Ji YY, Jia XQ, Jia ZK, Jiang D, Jiang HB, Jiang PC, Jiang SS, Jiang TJ, Jiang XS, Jiang Y, Jiao JB, Jiao JK, Jiao Z, Jin S, Jin Y, Jing MQ, Jing XM, Johansson T, Kabana S, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kang XL, Kang XS, Kavatsyuk M, Ke BC, Khachatryan V, Khoukaz A, Kiuchi R, Kolcu OB, Kopf B, Kuessner M, Kui X, Kumar N, Kupsc A, Kühn W, Lane JJ, Larin P, Lavezzi L, Lei TT, Lei ZH, Lellmann M, Lenz T, Li C, Li C, Li CH, Li C, Li DM, Li F, Li G, Li HB, Li HJ, Li HN, Li H, Li JR, Li JS, Li K, Li LJ, Li LK, Li L, Li MH, Li MY, Li PR, Li QM, Li QX, Li R, Li SX, Li T, Li WD, Li WG, Li X, Li XH, Li XL, Li XZ, Li X, Li YG, Li ZJ, Li ZX, Li ZY, Liang C, Liang H, Liang H, Liang YF, Liang YT, Liao GR, Liao LZ, Libby J, Limphirat A, Lin CC, Lin DX, Lin T, Liu BJ, Liu BX, Liu C, Liu CX, Liu FH, Liu F, Liu F, Liu GM, Liu H, Liu HB, Liu HM, Liu H, Liu H, Liu JB, Liu JY, Liu K, Liu KY, Liu K, Liu L, Liu LC, Liu L, Liu MH, Liu PL, Liu Q, Liu SB, Liu T, Liu WK, Liu WM, Liu X, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu YB, Liu ZA, Liu ZD, Liu ZQ, Lou XC, Lu FX, Lu HJ, Lu JG, Lu XL, Lu Y, Lu YP, Lu ZH, Luo CL, Luo MX, Luo T, Luo XL, Lyu XR, Lyu YF, Ma FC, Ma H, Ma HL, Ma JL, Ma LL, Ma MM, Ma QM, Ma RQ, Ma T, Ma XT, Ma XY, Ma Y, Ma YM, Maas FE, Maggiora M, Malde S, Mao YJ, Mao ZP, Marcello S, Meng ZX, Messchendorp JG, Mezzadri G, Miao H, Min TJ, Mitchell RE, Mo XH, Moses B, Muchnoi NY, Muskalla J, Nefedov Y, Nerling F, Nie LS, Nikolaev IB, Ning Z, Nisar S, Niu QL, Niu WD, Niu Y, Olsen SL, Ouyang Q, Pacetti S, Pan X, Pan Y, Pathak A, Patteri P, Pei YP, Pelizaeus M, Peng HP, Peng YY, Peters K, Ping JL, Ping RG, Plura S, Prasad V, Qi FZ, Qi H, Qi HR, Qi M, Qi TY, Qian S, Qian WB, Qiao CF, Qiao XK, Qin JJ, Qin LQ, Qin LY, Qin XS, Qin ZH, Qiu JF, Qu ZH, Redmer CF, Ren KJ, Rivetti A, Rolo M, Rong G, Rosner C, Ruan SN, Salone N, Sarantsev A, Schelhaas Y, Schoenning K, Scodeggio M, Shan KY, Shan W, Shan XY, Shang ZJ, Shangguan JF, Shao LG, Shao M, Shen CP, Shen HF, Shen WH, Shen XY, Shi BA, Shi H, Shi HC, Shi JL, Shi JY, Shi QQ, Shi SY, Shi X, Song JJ, Song TZ, Song WM, Song YJ, Song YX, Sosio S, Spataro S, Stieler F, Su YJ, Sun GB, Sun GX, Sun H, Sun HK, Sun JF, Sun K, Sun L, Sun SS, Sun T, Sun WY, Sun Y, Sun YJ, Sun YZ, Sun ZQ, Sun ZT, Tang CJ, Tang GY, Tang J, Tang M, Tang YA, Tao LY, Tao QT, Tat M, Teng JX, Thoren V, Tian WH, Tian Y, Tian ZF, Uman I, Wan Y, Wang SJ, Wang B, Wang BL, Wang B, Wang DY, Wang F, Wang HJ, Wang JJ, Wang JP, Wang K, Wang LL, Wang M, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang S, Wang S, Wang T, Wang TJ, Wang W, Wang W, Wang WP, Wang X, Wang XF, Wang XJ, Wang XL, Wang XN, Wang Y, Wang YD, Wang YF, Wang YL, Wang YN, Wang YQ, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang ZL, Wang ZY, Wang Z, Wei DH, Weidner F, Wen SP, Wen YR, Wiedner U, Wilkinson G, Wolke M, Wollenberg L, Wu C, Wu JF, Wu LH, Wu LJ, Wu X, Wu XH, Wu Y, Wu YH, Wu YJ, Wu Z, Xia L, Xian XM, Xiang BH, Xiang T, Xiao D, Xiao GY, Xiao SY, Xiao YL, Xiao ZJ, Xie C, Xie XH, Xie Y, Xie YG, Xie YH, Xie ZP, Xing HX, Xing TY, Xu CF, Xu CJ, Xu GF, Xu HY, Xu M, Xu QJ, Xu QN, Xu W, Xu WL, Xu XP, Xu YC, Xu ZP, Xu ZS, Yan F, Yan L, Yan WB, Yan WC, Yan XQ, Yang HJ, Yang HL, Yang HX, Yang T, Yang Y, Yang YF, Yang YX, Yang Y, Yang ZW, Yao ZP, Ye M, Ye MH, Yin JH, You ZY, Yu BX, Yu CX, Yu G, Yu JS, Yu T, Yu XD, Yu YC, Yuan CZ, Yuan J, Yuan L, Yuan SC, Yuan Y, Yuan YJ, Yuan ZY, Yue CX, Zafar AA, Zeng FR, Zeng SH, Zeng X, Zeng Y, Zeng YJ, Zhai XY, Zhai YC, Zhan YH, Zhang AQ, Zhang BL, Zhang BX, Zhang DH, Zhang GY, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang HC, Zhang HH, Zhang HH, Zhang HQ, Zhang HR, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang JJ, Zhang JL, Zhang JQ, Zhang JS, Zhang JW, Zhang JX, Zhang JY, Zhang JZ, Zhang J, Zhang LM, Zhang L, Zhang P, Zhang QY, Zhang RY, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XD, Zhang XM, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YT, Zhang YH, Zhang YM, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZD, Zhang ZH, Zhang ZL, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZZ, Zhao G, Zhao JY, Zhao JZ, Zhao L, Zhao L, Zhao MG, Zhao N, Zhao RP, Zhao SJ, Zhao YB, Zhao YX, Zhao ZG, Zhemchugov A, Zheng B, Zheng BM, Zheng JP, Zheng WJ, Zheng YH, Zhong B, Zhong X, Zhou H, Zhou JY, Zhou LP, Zhou S, Zhou X, Zhou XK, Zhou XR, Zhou XY, Zhou YZ, Zhu J, Zhu K, Zhu KJ, Zhu KS, Zhu L, Zhu LX, Zhu SH, Zhu SQ, Zhu TJ, Zhu WD, Zhu YC, Zhu ZA, Zou JH, Zu J. Measurements of Normalized Differential Cross Sections of Inclusive η Production in e^{+}e^{-} Annihilation at Energy from 2.0000 to 3.6710 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:021901. [PMID: 39073971 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.021901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring, the cross section of the inclusive process e^{+}e^{-}→η+X, normalized by the total cross section of e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons, is measured at eight center-of-mass energy points from 2.0000 to 3.6710 GeV. These are the first measurements with momentum dependence in this energy region. Our measurement shows a significant discrepancy compared to the existing fragmentation functions. To address this discrepancy, a new QCD analysis is performed at the next-to-next-to-leading order with hadron mass corrections and higher twist effects, which can explain both the established high-energy data and our measurements reasonably well.
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Zhao S, Dou CP, Zhang J, Yuan J. [PMA-ddPCR method for detecting high ethanol-producing klebsiella pneumoniae in viable but non-culturable state]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2024; 58:998-1003. [PMID: 39034783 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240401-00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To establish an absolute quantitative method for high ethanol-producing klebsiella pneumoniae in a viable non-culturable (VBNC) state. Methods: High ethanol-producing Klebsiella pneumonia was induced to enter the VBNC state and then the ethanol production was evaluated. A PMA-ddPCR method was established to count the copies of live cell genes in the VBNC state of high ethanol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae using single-copy genes. Further, the sensitivity and adaptability of ddPCR for detecting low-concentration samples were evaluated in VBNC fecal simulation. Results: The lower detection limit of ddPCR for quantitative analysis of high ethanol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae gradient diluent was 10 times that of qPCR. At low temperature and low nutritional state, high ethanol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae entered the VBNC state on the 45th day. The quantitative results of PMA-ddPCR on VBNC state cells were (5.46±0.05) log10 DNA copies/ml. The ethanol production in the VBNC state was<2.2 mmol/L and the ability to produce ethanol was restored after recovery. The minimum detection limit for ddPCR in fecal simulated samples with VBNC state was 3.2 log10 DNA copies/ml. Conclusion: The ddPCR detection method for high ethanol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with VBNC state has good sensitivity and adaptability, and can be used for the detection of VBNC state cells in clinical samples.
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Fan Z, Liu HB, Chen YC, Cui XH, Li ZF, Fu TT, Yuan J. [The effect of wza gene deletion in Klebsiella pneumoniae on capsule formation and bacteriophage sensitivity]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2024; 58:992-997. [PMID: 39034782 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240226-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of wza gene deletion in Klebsiella pneumoniae on capsule formation ability and bacteriophage sensitivity. Methods: The wza deletion mutant strain was constructed through a temperature-sensitive plasmid-mediated homologous recombination. The growth curves of W14 and Δwza were detected by measuring the optical density OD600. In order to analyze the effect of gene wza on bacterial capsule formation, wild-type strain W14 and Δwza mutant strain were detected by transmission electron microscope, and their capsule contents were measured by quantifying the uronic acid contents. The plaque assay was used to detect bacterial sensitivity to bacteriophage in wild-type strain W14 and Δwza mutant strain. The t test was used to compare whether there were differences in the contents of uronic acid in the capsules of wild-type strain W14 and Δwza mutant strain. Results: The PCR results revealed that the Δwza mutant strain was successfully constructed. Compared with wild-type strain W14, the growth curves of Δwza on the solid plates demonstrated a slightly slower growth. However, no difference in growth was observed among wild-type strain W14 and Δwza mutant strains in LB broth. The transmission electron microscope results showed that wza gene deletion resulted in the loss of capsule in bacteria. The uronic acid content assay suggested that the capsule content was significantly decreased in Δwza mutant strain (45.963±2.795) μg/ml compared with wild-type strain W14 (138.800±5.201) μg/ml. There was a statistical difference between the two groups (t=27.233, P<0.001). The plaque assay indicated that bacteria lost its sensitivity to bacteriophage when gene wza was deleted. Conclusion: Deletion of the wza gene impairs bacterial capsule formation ability and can affect bacterial sensitivity to bacteriophage phiW14.
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Zhu TT, Li ZX, Yuan J, Huang K, Chen GF, Guo RF, Zhao ZM, Liu CH. [Characteristics of liver volume and pathological changes with different stages of liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2024; 32:517-524. [PMID: 38964894 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231219-00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To measure the overall and lobulated volume of the liver with different degrees of liver fibrosis and to further observe pathological changes such as liver microvasculature, hepatocyte apoptosis, and regeneration in order to understand the macroscopic volume changes of the liver during liver fibrosis and its relationship with liver tissue microscopic pathology in patients with chronic liver disease. Methods: 53 patients with chronic hepatitis B, alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced chronic liver disease who underwent both liver biopsy tissue and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging were collected. Patients were divided into early (F1-2), middle (F3-4), and late (F5-6) in accordance with the Ishak fibrosis stage and Masson stain. The liver and spleen volumes were measured using ITK-SNAP software. CD31 immunohistochemical staining was used to reflect intrahepatic angiogenesis. Ki67 and HNF-4α multiplex immunohistochemical staining were used to reflect hepatocyte regeneration. GS staining was used to determine parenchymal extinction lesions. TUNEL staining was used to observe hepatocyte apoptosis. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between liver volume changes and liver histopathological changes. Results: As liver fibrosis progressed, the total liver volume and right lobe liver volume gradually decreased (P<0.05), while the spleen volume gradually increased (P<0.05). The expression of CD31 and GS gradually increased (P<0.05), and the expression of Ki67 first increased and then decreased (P<0.05). The positivity rate of CD31 was negatively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (r=-0.609, P<0.001) and the total liver volume (r=-0.363, P=0.017). The positivity rate of Ki67 was positively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (r=0.423, P=0.018), while the positivity rate of apoptotic cells was significantly negatively correlated with the total liver volume (r=-0.860, P<0.001). The positivity rate of GS was negatively correlated with the right lobe liver volume (r=-0.440, P=0.002), and the number of PELs was negatively correlated with RV (r=-0.476, P=0.013). The CD31 positive staining area was negatively correlated with the Ki67 positive staining area(r=-0.511, P=0.009). Conclusion: As liver fibrosis progresses, patients with chronic liver disease have a depletion in total liver volume and right lobe liver volume, and this is mainly in correlation with fewer liver cells and liver tissue microvasculature disorders.
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Ablikim M, Achasov MN, Adlarson P, Afedulidis O, Ai XC, Aliberti R, Amoroso A, An Q, Bai Y, Bakina O, Balossino I, Ban Y, Bao HR, Batozskaya V, Begzsuren K, Berger N, Berlowski M, Bertani M, Bettoni D, Bianchi F, Bianco E, Bortone A, Boyko I, Briere RA, Brueggemann A, Cai H, Cai X, Calcaterra A, Cao GF, Cao N, Cetin SA, Chang JF, Che GR, Chelkov G, Chen C, Chen CH, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HS, Chen HY, Chen ML, Chen SJ, Chen SL, Chen SM, Chen T, Chen XR, Chen XT, Chen YB, Chen YQ, Chen ZJ, Chen ZY, Choi SK, Cibinetto G, Cossio F, Cui JJ, Dai HL, Dai JP, Dbeyssi A, de Boer RE, Dedovich D, Deng CQ, Deng ZY, Denig A, Denysenko I, Destefanis M, De Mori F, Ding B, Ding XX, Ding Y, Ding Y, Dong J, Dong LY, Dong MY, Dong X, Du MC, Du SX, Duan ZH, Egorov P, Fan YH, Fang J, Fang J, Fang SS, Fang WX, Fang Y, Fang YQ, Farinelli R, Fava L, Feldbauer F, Felici G, Feng CQ, Feng JH, Feng YT, Fritsch M, Fu CD, Fu JL, Fu YW, Gao H, Gao XB, Gao YN, Gao Y, Garbolino S, Garzia I, Ge L, Ge PT, Ge ZW, Geng C, Gersabeck EM, Gilman A, Goetzen K, Gong L, Gong WX, Gradl W, Gramigna S, Greco M, Gu MH, Gu YT, Guan CY, Guan ZL, Guo AQ, Guo LB, Guo MJ, Guo RP, Guo YP, Guskov A, Gutierrez J, Han KL, Han TT, Hao XQ, Harris FA, He KK, He KL, Heinsius FH, Heinz CH, Heng YK, Herold C, Holtmann T, Hong PC, Hou GY, Hou XT, Hou YR, Hou ZL, Hu BY, Hu HM, Hu JF, Hu SL, Hu T, Hu Y, Huang GS, Huang KX, Huang LQ, Huang XT, Huang YP, Hussain T, Hölzken F, Hüsken N, In der Wiesche N, Jackson J, Janchiv S, Jeong JH, Ji Q, Ji QP, Ji W, Ji XB, Ji XL, Ji YY, Jia XQ, Jia ZK, Jiang D, Jiang HB, Jiang PC, Jiang SS, Jiang TJ, Jiang XS, Jiang Y, Jiao JB, Jiao JK, Jiao Z, Jin S, Jin Y, Jing MQ, Jing XM, Johansson T, Kabana S, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kang XL, Kang XS, Kavatsyuk M, Ke BC, Khachatryan V, Khoukaz A, Kiuchi R, Kolcu OB, Kopf B, Kuessner M, Kui X, Kumar N, Kupsc A, Kühn W, Lane JJ, Larin P, Lavezzi L, Lei TT, Lei ZH, Lellmann M, Lenz T, Li C, Li C, Li CH, Li C, Li DM, Li F, Li G, Li HB, Li HJ, Li HN, Li H, Li JR, Li JS, Li K, Li LJ, Li LK, Li L, Li MH, Li PR, Li QM, Li QX, Li R, Li SX, Li T, Li WD, Li WG, Li X, Li XH, Li XL, Li XZ, Li X, Li YG, Li ZJ, Li ZX, Liang C, Liang H, Liang H, Liang YF, Liang YT, Liao GR, Liao LZ, Libby J, Limphirat A, Lin CC, Lin DX, Lin T, Liu BJ, Liu BX, Liu C, Liu CX, Liu FH, Liu F, Liu F, Liu GM, Liu H, Liu HB, Liu HM, Liu H, Liu H, Liu JB, Liu JY, Liu K, Liu KY, Liu K, Liu L, Liu LC, Liu L, Liu MH, Liu PL, Liu Q, Liu SB, Liu T, Liu WK, Liu WM, Liu X, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Y, Liu YB, Liu ZA, Liu ZD, Liu ZQ, Lou XC, Lu FX, Lu HJ, Lu JG, Lu XL, Lu Y, Lu YP, Lu ZH, Luo CL, Luo MX, Luo T, Luo XL, Lyu XR, Lyu YF, Ma FC, Ma H, Ma HL, Ma JL, Ma LL, Ma MM, Ma QM, Ma RQ, Ma T, Ma XT, Ma XY, Ma Y, Ma YM, Maas FE, Maggiora M, Malde S, Mao YJ, Mao ZP, Marcello S, Meng ZX, Messchendorp JG, Mezzadri G, Miao H, Min TJ, Mitchell RE, Mo XH, Moses B, Muchnoi NY, Muskalla J, Nefedov Y, Nerling F, Nie LS, Nikolaev IB, Ning Z, Nisar S, Niu QL, Niu WD, Niu Y, Olsen SL, Ouyang Q, Pacetti S, Pan X, Pan Y, Pathak A, Patteri P, Pei YP, Pelizaeus M, Peng HP, Peng YY, Peters K, Ping JL, Ping RG, Plura S, Prasad V, Qi FZ, Qi H, Qi HR, Qi M, Qi TY, Qian S, Qian WB, Qiao CF, Qiao XK, Qin JJ, Qin LQ, Qin LY, Qin XS, Qin ZH, Qiu JF, Qu ZH, Redmer CF, Ren KJ, Rivetti A, Rolo M, Rong G, Rosner C, Ruan SN, Salone N, Sarantsev A, Schelhaas Y, Schoenning K, Scodeggio M, Shan KY, Shan W, Shan XY, Shang ZJ, Shangguan JF, Shao LG, Shao M, Shen CP, Shen HF, Shen WH, Shen XY, Shi BA, Shi H, Shi HC, Shi JL, Shi JY, Shi QQ, Shi SY, Shi X, Song JJ, Song TZ, Song WM, Song YJ, Song YX, Sosio S, Spataro S, Stieler F, Su YJ, Sun GB, Sun GX, Sun H, Sun HK, Sun JF, Sun K, Sun L, Sun SS, Sun T, Sun WY, Sun Y, Sun YJ, Sun YZ, Sun ZQ, Sun ZT, Tang CJ, Tang GY, Tang J, Tang M, Tang YA, Tao LY, Tao QT, Tat M, Teng JX, Thoren V, Tian WH, Tian Y, Tian ZF, Uman I, Wan Y, Wang SJ, Wang B, Wang BL, Wang B, Wang DY, Wang F, Wang HJ, Wang JJ, Wang JP, Wang K, Wang LL, Wang M, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang S, Wang S, Wang T, Wang TJ, Wang W, Wang W, Wang WP, Wang X, Wang XF, Wang XJ, Wang XL, Wang XN, Wang Y, Wang YD, Wang YF, Wang YL, Wang YN, Wang YQ, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang ZL, Wang ZY, Wang Z, Wei DH, Weidner F, Wen SP, Wen YR, Wiedner U, Wilkinson G, Wolke M, Wollenberg L, Wu C, Wu JF, Wu LH, Wu LJ, Wu X, Wu XH, Wu Y, Wu YH, Wu YJ, Wu Z, Xia L, Xian XM, Xiang BH, Xiang T, Xiao D, Xiao GY, Xiao SY, Xiao YL, Xiao ZJ, Xie C, Xie XH, Xie Y, Xie YG, Xie YH, Xie ZP, Xing TY, Xu CF, Xu CJ, Xu GF, Xu HY, Xu M, Xu QJ, Xu QN, Xu W, Xu WL, Xu XP, Xu YC, Xu ZP, Xu ZS, Yan F, Yan L, Yan WB, Yan WC, Yan XQ, Yang HJ, Yang HL, Yang HX, Yang T, Yang Y, Yang YF, Yang YX, Yang Y, Yang ZW, Yao ZP, Ye M, Ye MH, Yin JH, You ZY, Yu BX, Yu CX, Yu G, Yu JS, Yu T, Yu XD, Yu YC, Yuan CZ, Yuan J, Yuan L, Yuan SC, Yuan Y, Yuan YJ, Yuan ZY, Yue CX, Zafar AA, Zeng FR, Zeng SH, Zeng X, Zeng Y, Zeng YJ, Zhai XY, Zhai YC, Zhan YH, Zhang AQ, Zhang BL, Zhang BX, Zhang DH, Zhang GY, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang HC, Zhang HH, Zhang HH, Zhang HQ, Zhang HR, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang JJ, Zhang JL, Zhang JQ, Zhang JS, Zhang JW, Zhang JX, Zhang JY, Zhang JZ, Zhang J, Zhang LM, Zhang L, Zhang P, Zhang QY, Zhang RY, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XD, Zhang XM, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YT, Zhang YH, Zhang YM, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZD, Zhang ZH, Zhang ZL, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZY, Zhang ZZ, Zhao G, Zhao JY, Zhao JZ, Zhao L, Zhao L, Zhao MG, Zhao N, Zhao RP, Zhao SJ, Zhao YB, Zhao YX, Zhao ZG, Zhemchugov A, Zheng B, Zheng BM, Zheng JP, Zheng WJ, Zheng YH, Zhong B, Zhong X, Zhou H, Zhou JY, Zhou LP, Zhou S, Zhou X, Zhou XK, Zhou XR, Zhou XY, Zhou YZ, Zhu J, Zhu K, Zhu KJ, Zhu KS, Zhu L, Zhu LX, Zhu SH, Zhu SQ, Zhu TJ, Zhu WD, Zhu YC, Zhu ZA, Zou JH, Zu J. First Study of Antihyperon-Nucleon Scattering Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p and Measurement of Λp→Λp Cross Section. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:231902. [PMID: 38905649 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.231902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Using (10.087±0.044)×10^{9} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, the processes Λp→Λp and Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p are studied, where the Λ/Λ[over ¯] baryons are produced in the process J/ψ→ΛΛ[over ¯] and the protons are the hydrogen nuclei in the cooling oil of the beam pipe. Clear signals are observed for the two reactions. The cross sections in -0.9≤cosθ_{Λ/Λ[over ¯]}≤0.9 are measured to be σ(Λp→Λp)=(12.2±1.6_{stat}±1.1_{syst}) and σ(Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p)=(17.5±2.1_{stat}±1.6_{syst}) mb at the Λ/Λ[over ¯] momentum of 1.074 GeV/c within a range of ±0.017 GeV/c, where the θ_{Λ/Λ[over ¯]} are the scattering angles of the Λ/Λ[over ¯] in the Λp/Λ[over ¯]p rest frames. Furthermore, the differential cross sections of the two reactions are also measured, where there is a slight tendency of forward scattering for Λp→Λp, and a strong forward peak for Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p. We present an approach to extract the total elastic cross sections by extrapolation. The study of Λ[over ¯]p→Λ[over ¯]p represents the first study of antihyperon-nucleon scattering, and these new measurements will serve as important inputs for the theoretical understanding of the (anti)hyperon-nucleon interaction.
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Liu Y, Huang Q, Han X, Liang T, Zhang Z, Lu X, Dong B, Yuan J, Wang Y, Hu M, Wang J, Stefanidis A, Su J, Chen J, Li Q, Zhang Y. Atrial Septal Defect Detection in Children Based on Ultrasound Video Using Multiple Instances Learning. JOURNAL OF IMAGING INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE 2024; 37:965-975. [PMID: 38347394 PMCID: PMC11169128 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-024-00987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Thoracic echocardiography (TTE) can provide sufficient cardiac structure information, evaluate hemodynamics and cardiac function, and is an effective method for atrial septal defect (ASD) examination. This paper aims to study a deep learning method based on cardiac ultrasound video to assist in ASD diagnosis. We chose four standard views in pediatric cardiac ultrasound to identify atrial septal defects; the four standard views were as follows: subcostal sagittal view of the atrium septum (subSAS), apical four-chamber view (A4C), the low parasternal four-chamber view (LPS4C), and parasternal short-axis view of large artery (PSAX). We enlist data from 300 children patients as part of a double-blind experiment for five-fold cross-validation to verify the performance of our model. In addition, data from 30 children patients (15 positives and 15 negatives) are collected for clinician testing and compared to our model test results (these 30 samples do not participate in model training). In our model, we present a block random selection, maximal agreement decision, and frame sampling strategy for training and testing respectively, resNet18 and r3D networks are used to extract the frame features and aggregate them to build a rich video-level representation. We validate our model using our private dataset by five cross-validation. For ASD detection, we achieve 89.33 ± 3.13 AUC, 84.95 ± 3.88 accuracy, 85.70 ± 4.91 sensitivity, 81.51 ± 8.15 specificity, and 81.99 ± 5.30 F1 score. The proposed model is a multiple instances learning-based deep learning model for video atrial septal defect detection which effectively improves ASD detection accuracy when compared to the performances of previous networks and clinical doctors.
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Ding J, Yang YQ, Dai L, Huang CC, Xie J, Zhang YQ, Zha Y, Li ZS, Yuan J. [Correlation of hematocrit and cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:1844-1851. [PMID: 38782753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230912-00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlation between hematocrit (HCT) and cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: Patients undergoing maintenance PD in the PD center of Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from March 19, 2012 to July 9, 2020 were included. Demographic, baseline clinical and laboratory data of the patients were collected and patients were followed up until April 8, 2022. The primary endpoint was the first occurrence of a cardiovascular event. According to the tertiles of baseline HCT, the patients were divided into group Q1 (HCT≤26.6%), group Q2 (HCT>26.6%-32.4%), and group Q3 (HCT>32.4%). Laboratory indexes and cardiovascular events were compared among the three groups. Kaplan-Meier survival curve, Cox regression analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to analyze the effect of HCT on cardiovascular outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of HCT for cardiovascular events in PD patients. Results: A total of 860 PD patients were included, including 494 males (57.4%) and 366 females (42.6%), with a mean age of (41.5±15.0) years. There were 287 cases in group Q1, 289 cases in group Q2, and 284 cases in group Q3, respectively. A total of 265 (30.8%) patients experienced first cardiovascular events during the follow-up period. The incidence of cardiovascular events in groups Q1, Q2 and Q3 was 36.2% (104/287), 34.3% (99/289), and 21.8% (62/284), respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The incidence of cardiovascular events decreased with the increase of HCT. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that decreased HCT was a risk factor for cardiovascular events. Compared with group Q3, the risk of cardiovascular events in group Q1 increased by 50.7% (group Q2: HR=1.444, 95%CI: 1.029-2.028, P=0.034; group Q1: HR=1.570, 95%CI: 1.096-2.250, P=0.014). In the sensitivity analysis, using kidney transplantation as the competition event, the risk of cardiovascular events was lower in group Q3 than that in group Q1 (subdistributional HR=1.413, 95%CI: 1.006-1.990, P=0.046). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that compared with the other two groups, the cardiovascular events-free survival rate of patients in group Q1 was significantly lower (log-rank χ2=9.722, P=0.008). ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of HCT for predicting cardiovascular events in PD patients was 0.583 (95%CI: 0.542-0.623, P<0.001), with the sensitivity of 40.6% and the specificity of 75.1%. Conclusion: Low-level HCT is associated with an increased risk of the first cardiovascular event in PD patients.
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Jiang H, Yang G, Chen J, Yuan S, Wu J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Yuan J, Lin J, Chen J, Yin Y. The correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1362119. [PMID: 38826577 PMCID: PMC11141543 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1362119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people. Methods A total of 4,541 individuals in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor, restricted cubic splines and quantile regression were used to analyze the relationship between Se intake and lung function. We divided selenium intake into four levels based on quartiles: Q1: Se ≤ 76.75 mcg/d; Q2: 76.75-105.1 mcg/d; Q3: 105.1-137.65 mcg/d; and Q4: Se ≥137.65 mcg/d. Results Asthma was negatively associated with the Ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) (β = -0.04, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.02) and FEV1 (β = -215, 95% CI: -340 to -90). Se intake was positively associated with Forced Expiratory Volume 1st Second (FEV1) (β =3.30 95% CI: 2.60 to 4.00) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) (β =4.30, 95% CI: 3.50 to 5.10). In asthmatic individuals, the positive effects of Se intake on FVC were enhanced with increasing Se intake, while the positive effects of Se intake on FEV1 varied less dramatically. High Se intake (Q4 level, above 137.65 mcg/d) improved FVC (β = 353, 95% CI: 80 to 626) and FEV1 (β = 543, 95% CI: 118 to 969) in asthmatic patients compared to low Se intake (Q1 level, below 76.75 mcg/d). At the Q2 level (76.75-105.1 mcg/d) and Q4 level (Se ≥137.65 mcg/d) of Se intake, the correlation between FEV1 and asthma disappeared. Conclusion Our research has revealed a positive correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthma patients and the strength of this positive correlation is related to the amount of selenium intake. We recommend that asthma patients consume 137.65 mcg to 200 mcg of selenium daily to improve pulmonary function while avoiding the adverse effects of selenium on the human body.
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Du C, Wu H, Zhong T, Zhai Q, Yuan J, Peng J, Ma R, Li J. Interventional therapy combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors with or without immune checkpoint inhibitors as initial treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:164. [PMID: 38744743 PMCID: PMC11093946 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventional therapy, in conjunction with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has shown promising outcomes for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). With the advent of immunotherapy, the combined use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has attracted great attention due to their potential effectiveness in advanced HCC. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of a triple therapy regimen (Interventional therapy, TKIs and ICIs, IT-TKI-ICI) with a dual therapy regimen (Interventional therapy and TKIs, IT-TKI) in the treatment of HCC and PVTT (HCC-PVTT). METHODS A comprehensive search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases. Primary outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary outcomes included tumor response rate, adverse event incidence as well as downstaging surgery rate. Statistical analysis was conducted using Revman 5.4 software. RESULTS The meta-analysis finally included 6 cohort studies. The triple therapy group demonstrated significantly prolonged OS and PFS compared to the dual therapy group. Meanwhile, the former exhibited significantly higher rates of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and better downstaging effects with a higher salvage surgery rate without significantly increasing adverse events. CONCLUSION In comparison to dual therapy, the triple therapy with interventional therapy, TKIs, and ICIs demonstrates superior efficacy and equivalent safety for HCC-PVTT.
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Wang D, Li W, Zhou M, Ma J, Guo Y, Yuan J, He M, Zhang X, Chen W. Association of the triglyceride-glucose index variability with blood pressure and hypertension: a cohort study. QJM 2024; 117:277-282. [PMID: 37950450 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have indicated that the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) index is associated with hypertension; however, evidence on the association of change in the TyG index with blood pressure and hypertension is limited. AIMS To assess the association of the TyG index with blood pressure and hypertension. DESIGN A cohort study. METHODS We included 17 977 individuals with a mean age of 60.5 years from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dl)×fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, self-reported current use of antihypertensive medication or self-reported physician diagnosis of hypertension. RESULTS In the longitudinal analyses, we found a linear dose-response relationship between changes in the TyG index and change in blood pressure. Each one-unit change in the TyG index was associated with a 1.93 (1.23-2.63) mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 1.78 (1.42-2.16) mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure (DBP). During a median follow-up of 9.37 years, a total of 3594 individuals were newly diagnosed with hypertension. We also found a linear dose-response relationship between the TyG index and the incidence of hypertension. The hazard ratio (HR) of hypertension for each one-unit increase in the TyG index was 1.21 (1.13-1.29). In addition, the best cut-off point of TyG for predicting hypertension was 8.4797, with sensitivity, and specificity of 57.85% and 55.40%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The TyG index had a positive dose-response relationship with blood pressure and could be used to predict the risk of hypertension.
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Dai X, Yu L, Yu Y, Yang W, Lan Z, Yuan J, Yang W, Zhang J. Feasibility and Diagnostic Performance of Functional SYNTAX Score Derived From Dynamic CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:e016155. [PMID: 38626098 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.123.016155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT) fractional flow reserve (FFR)-derived functional SYNTAX score (FSSCT-FFR) is a valuable method for guiding treatment strategy in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. Dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) demonstrates higher diagnostic accuracy than CT-FFR in identifying hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of CT-MPI-derived FSS (FSSCT-MPI) with reference to invasive FSS. METHODS In this retrospective study, patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent dynamic CT-MPI+ coronary CT angiography and invasive coronary angiography or FFR within 4 weeks were consecutively included. Invasive (FSSinvasive) and noninvasive FSS (FSSCT-MPI and FSSCT-FFR) were calculated by an online calculator, which assigned points to lesions with hemodynamic significance (defined as FFRinvasive ≤0.80, invasive coronary angiography diameter stenosis ≥90%, CT-FFR ≤0.80, and myocardial ischemia on CT-MPI). Weighted κ value and net reclassification index were calculated to determine the consistency and incremental discriminatory power of FSSCT-MPI. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for the comparison of FSSCT-MPI and FSSCT-FFR in detecting intermediate- to high-risk patients. RESULTS A total of 119 patients (96 men; 64.6±10.6 years) with 305 obstructive lesions were included. The average FSSCT-MPI, FSSCT-FFR, and FSSinvasive were 15.58±13.03, 16.18±13.30, and 13.11±12.22, respectively. The agreement on risk classification based on the FSSCT-MPI tertiles was good (weighted κ, 0.808). With reference to FSSinvasive, FSSCT-MPI correctly reclassified 27 (22.7%) patients from the intermediate- to high SYNTAX score group to the low-score group (net reclassification index, 0.30; P<0.001). In patients with severe calcification, FSSCT-MPI had better diagnostic value than FSSCT-FFR in detecting intermediate- to high-risk patients when compared with FSSinvasive (area under the curve, 0.976 versus 0.884; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive FSS derived from CT-MPI is feasible and has strong concordance with FSSinvasive. It allows accurate categorization of FSS in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, in particular with severe calcification.
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Yu J, Da J, Yu F, Yuan J, Zha Y. HMGN1 down-regulation in the diabetic kidney attenuates tubular cells injury and protects against renal inflammation via suppressing MCP-1 and KIM-1 expression through TLR4. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:1015-1027. [PMID: 38409569 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal tubular injury, accompanied by damaging inflammation, has been identified to drive diabetic kidney disease (DKD) toward end-stage renal disease. However, it is unclear how damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activate innate immunity to mediate tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury, which in turn causes with subsequent sterile inflammation in diabetic kidneys. High mobility group nucleosome-binding protein 1 (HMGN1) is a novel DAMP that contributes to generating the innate immune response. In this study, we focused on determining whether HMGN1 is involved in DKD progression. METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice model was established. Then we downrergulated HMGN1 expression in kidney with or without HMGN1 administration. The renal dysfunction and morphological lesions in the kidneys were evaluated. The expressions of KIM-1, MCP-1, F4/80, CD68, and HMGN1/TLR4 signaling were examined in the renal tissue. In vitro, HK2 cells were exposed in the high glucose with or without HMGN1, and further pre-incubated with TAK242 was applied to elucidate the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We demonstrated that HMGN1 was upregulated in the tubular epithelial cells of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 and type 2 diabetic mouse kidneys compared to controls, while being positively correlated with increased TLR4, KIM-1, and MCP-1. Down-regulation of renal HMGN1 attenuated diabetic kidney injury, decreased the TLR4, KIM-1, and MCP-1 expression levels, and reduced interstitial infiltrating macrophages. However, these phenotypes were reversed after administration of HMGN1. In HK-2 cells, HMGN1 promoted the expression of KIM-1 and MCP-1 via regulating MyD88/NF-κB pathway; inhibition of TLR4 effectively diminished the in vitro response to HMGN1. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel insight into HMGN1 signaling mechanisms that contribute to tubular sterile injury and low-grade inflammation in DKD. The study findings may help to develop new HMGN1-targeted approaches as therapy for immune-mediated kidney damage rather than as an anti-infection treatments.
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Lan Q, Tian ML, Yuan J, Tong XY, Long CZ, Zha Y. [Association of waist-to-height ratio with sarcopenic obesity in hemodialysis patients with normal body mass index]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2024; 104:931-937. [PMID: 38514341 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230902-00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and sarcopenic obesity (SO) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with normal body mass index (BMI). Methods: A multicenter and cross-sectional study that included adult patients undergoing MHD was conducted in 20 hemodialysis centers from June 1st to August 30th, 2021. Body composition was evaluated by body composition monitor based on bioimpedance spectroscopy. According to the quartiles of WHtR, patients were divided into four groups: Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 group. The association of WHtR with SO was determined by multiple logistic regression models, stratified analyses, interactive analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, respectively. Results: A total of 2 207 MHD patients (1 341 males and 866 females) were included, and aged [M (Q1, Q3)] 57 (44, 68) years. The prevalence of SO was increased with increasing quartiles of WHtR [8.6% (46/533), 22.5% (141/628), 35.4% (215/608), and 44.3% (194/438) for Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 group, respectively]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that WHtR was associated with SO. The association remained statistically significant even after adjusting for age, gender, dialysis vintage, BMI, biochemical indicators, and various medical histories. Compared with Q1 group, the odds ratios (OR) were 2.54 (95%CI: 1.69-3.83), 4.30 (95%CI: 2.88-6.42) and 5.18 (95%CI: 3.37-7.96) for Q2, Q3 and Q4 group, respectively. The interaction analysis showed that age, sex and history of diabetes had interactive roles in the association between WHtR and SO (all P<0.05). The association stably existed across subgroups, and it was more obvious in male patients, those with older age and without a history of diabetes(all P<0.05). Furthermore, the cut-off value of WHtR identifying SO in male patients was 0.49, and the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) was 0.73 (95%CI: 0.70-0.75), with the sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 60.3%. In female patients, the cut-off value was 0.51, and the AUC was 0.68 (95%CI: 0.65-0.71), with the sensitivity of 70.1% and specificity of 57.8%. Conclusion: WHtR could be used as a simple index to evaluate the risk of SO in MHD patients with normal BMI.
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Cui Z, Pan R, Liu J, Yi W, Huang Y, Li M, Zhang Z, Kuang L, Liu L, Wei N, Song R, Yuan J, Li X, Yi X, Song J, Su H. Green space and its types can attenuate the associations of PM 2.5 and its components with prediabetes and diabetes-- a multicenter cross-sectional study from eastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:117997. [PMID: 38157960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) components on prediabetes and diabetes is of concern, but the evidence is limited and the specific role of different green space types remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship of PM2.5 and its components with prediabetes and diabetes as well as the potential health benefits of different types and combinations of green spaces. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern China by using a multi-stage random sampling method. Health screening and questionnaires for 98,091 participants were performed during 2017-2020. PM2.5 and its five components were estimated by the inverse distance weighted method, and green space was reflected by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), percentages of tree or grass cover. Multivariate logistic regression and quantile g-computing were used to explore the associations of PM2.5 and five components with prediabetes and diabetes and to elucidate the potential moderating role of green space and corresponding type combinations in these associations. RESULTS Each interquartile range (IQR) increment of PM2.5 was associated with both prediabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.15, 95%CI [confidence interval]: 1.10-1.20) and diabetes (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.11-1.25), respectively. All five components of PM2.5 were related to prediabetes and diabetes. The ORs of PM2.5 on diabetes were 1.49 (1.35-1.63) in the low tree group and 0.90 (0.82-0.98) in the high tree group, respectively. In the high tree-high grass group, the harmful impacts of PM2.5 and five components were significantly lower than in the other groups. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that PM2.5 and its components were associated with the increased risk of prediabetes and diabetes, which could be diminished by green space. Furthermore, the coexistence of high levels of tree and grass cover provided greater benefits. These findings had critical implications for diabetes prevention and green space-based planning for healthy city.
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Yuan J, Wang Y, Gao J, Zhang X, Xing J. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Alleviates Inflammatory Response and Insulin Resistance in Pregnant Mice With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Physiol Res 2024; 73:57-68. [PMID: 38466005 PMCID: PMC11019622 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on insulin resistance in pregnant mice with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and underlying mechanism. C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks and the newly gestated were selected and injected with streptozotocin for GDM modeling. We demonstrated that the fasting insulin levels (FINS) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in serum and blood glucose level were significantly higher in GDM group than in normal control (NC) group. The low or high dose of EPA intervention reduced these levels, and the effect of high dose intervention was more significant. The area under the curve in GDM group was higher than that of NC group, and then gradually decreased after low or high dose of EPA treatment. The serum levels of TC, TG and LDL were increased in GDM group, while decreased in EPA group. GDM induced down-regulation of HDL level, and the low or high dose of EPA gradually increased this level. The levels of p-AKT2Ser, p-IRS-1Tyr, GLUT4, and ratios of pIRS-1Tyr/IRS-1 and pAKT2Ser/AKT2 in gastrocnemius muscle were reduced in GDM group, while low or high dose of EPA progressively increased these alterations. GDM enhanced TLR4, NF-kappaB p65, IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in placental tissues, and these expressions were declined at different dose of EPA, and the decrease was greater at high dose. We concluded that EPA receded the release of inflammatory factors in the placental tissues by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 signaling, thereby alleviating the IR.
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Li XT, Tu SJ, Chaix L, Fawaz C, d'Astuto M, Li X, Yakhou-Harris F, Kummer K, Brookes NB, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Lin ZF, Yuan J, Jin K, Dean MPM, Liu X. Evolution of the Magnetic Excitations in Electron-Doped La_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:056002. [PMID: 38364146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the high energy spin excitations in electron-doped La_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4}, a cuprate superconductor, by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements. Efforts were paid to disentangle the paramagnon signal from non-spin-flip spectral weight mixing in the RIXS spectrum at Q_{∥}=(0.6π,0) and (0.9π,0) along the (1 0) direction. Our results show that, for doping level x from 0.07 to 0.185, the variation of the paramagnon excitation energy is marginal. We discuss the implication of our results in connection with the evolution of the electron correlation strength in this system.
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Pan R, Song J, Yi W, Liu J, Song R, Li X, Liu L, Yuan J, Wei N, Cheng J, Huang Y, Zhang X, Su H. Heatwave characteristics complicate the association between PM 2.5 components and schizophrenia hospitalizations in a changing climate: Leveraging of the individual residential environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115973. [PMID: 38219619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the era characterized by global environmental and climatic changes, understanding the effects of PM2.5 components and heatwaves on schizophrenia (SCZ) is essential for implementing environmental interventions at the population level. However, research in this area remains limited, which highlights the need for further research and effort. We aim to assess the association between exposure to PM2.5 components and hospitalizations for SCZ under different heatwave characteristics. METHODS We conducted a 16 municipalities-wide, individual exposure-based, time-stratified, case-crossover study from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2020, encompassing 160736 hospitalizations in Anhui Province, China. Daily concentrations of PM2.5 components were obtained from the Tracking Air Pollution in China dataset. Conditional logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between PM2.5 components and hospitalizations. Additionally, restricted cubic spline models were used to identify protective thresholds of residential environment in response to environmental and climate change. RESULTS Our findings indicate a positive correlation between PM2.5 and its components and hospitalizations. Significantly, a 1 μg/m3 increase in black carbon (BC) was associated with the highest risk, at 1.58% (95%CI: 0.95-2.25). Exposure to heatwaves synergistically enhanced the impact of PM2.5 components on hospitalization risks, and the interaction varied with the intensity and duration of heatwaves. Under the 99th percentile heatwave events, the impact of PM2.5 and its components on hospitalizations was most pronounced, which were PM2.5 (2-4d: 4.59%, 5.09%, and 5.09%), sulfate (2-4d: 21.73%, 23.23%, and 25.25%), nitrate (2-4d: 17.51%, 16.93%, and 20.31%), ammonium (2-4d: 27.49%, 31.03%, and 32.41%), organic matter (2-4d: 32.07%, 25.42%, and 24.48%), and BC (2-4d: 259.36%, 288.21%, and 152.52%), respectively. Encouragingly, a protective effect was observed when green and blue spaces comprised more than 17.6% of the residential environment. DISCUSSION PM2.5 components and heatwave exposure were positively associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations, although green and blue spaces provided a mitigating effect.
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Chen Y, Hu Y, Li R, Kang W, Zhao A, Lu R, Yin Y, Tong S, Yuan J, Li S. Association of residential greenness with chronotype among children. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166011. [PMID: 37541519 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between residential greenness and chronotype remains unclear, especially among children. The current study aimed to explore the associations between residential greenness and chronotype parameters in children and examine potential pathways for these associations. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 16,421 children ages 3-12 were included. Two satellite-derived vegetation indices, i.e., the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI), were used to estimate residential greenness. The mid-sleep point on a workday (MSW) and the mid-sleep point on free days (MSF) were considered. And mid-sleep time on free days adjusted for sleep debt (MSFsc) was used as an indicator of chronotype. In addition to multivariable linear regression models, subgroup analyses were conducted to explore effect modifiers, and mediation analyses were used to explore possible mediating mechanisms of air pollutants underlying the associations. RESULTS An interquartile range (IQR) increase in both NDVI500-m and EVI500-m was significantly associated with an earlier MSFsc of -0.061 (95 % confidence interval (CI): -0.072, -0.049) and -0.054 (95 % CI: -0.066, -0.042), respectively. Non-linear dose response relationships were discovered between greenness indices and MSFsc and MSF. The results of stratified analyses showed the effect of residential greenness on MSW was stronger among primary school children and individuals with higher household income than among kindergarten children and those with lower household income. The joint mediation effects of PM2.5, PM1, PM10, NO2, and SO2 on the associations of NDVI500-m and EVI500-m with MSFsc were 89.6 % and 76.0 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of residential greenness may have beneficial effects on an earlier chronotype in the child population, by reducing the effects of air pollutants, especially PM2.5. Our research hopes to promote the deployment of green infrastructure and healthy urban design strategies.
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Zhai Q, Wu H, Zheng S, Zhong T, Du C, Yuan J, Peng J, Cai C, Li J. Association between gut microbiota and NAFLD/NASH: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1294826. [PMID: 38106475 PMCID: PMC10722258 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1294826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have suggested a relationship between gut microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the nature and direction of this potential causal relationship are still unclear. This study used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to clarify the potential causal links. Methods Summary-level Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) statistical data for gut microbiota and NAFLD/NASH were obtained from MiBioGen and FinnGen respectively. The MR analyses were performed mainly using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with sensitivity analyses conducted to verify the robustness. Additionally, reverse MR analyses were performed to examine any potential reverse causal associations. Results Our analysis, primarily based on the IVW method, strongly supports the existence of causal relationships between four microbial taxa and NAFLD, and four taxa with NASH. Specifically, associations were observed between Enterobacteriales (P =0.04), Enterobacteriaceae (P =0.04), Lachnospiraceae UCG-004 (P =0.02), and Prevotella9 (P =0.04) and increased risk of NAFLD. Dorea (P =0.03) and Veillonella (P =0.04) could increase the risks of NASH while Oscillospira (P =0.04) and Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 (P=0.005) could decrease them. We also identified that NAFLD was found to potentially cause an increased abundance in Holdemania (P =0.007) and Ruminococcus2 (P =0.002). However, we found no evidence of reverse causation in the microbial taxa associations with NASH. Conclusion This study identified several specific gut microbiota that are causally related to NAFLD and NASH. Observations herein may provide promising theoretical groundwork for potential prevention and treatment strategies for NAFLD and its progression to NASH in future.
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Kawahara D, Jensen A, Yuan J, Nagata Y, Watanabe Y. Predicting the BRAF mutation with pretreatment MRI radiomics features for melanoma brain metastases receiving Gamma Knife radiosurgery. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:e934-e940. [PMID: 37690975 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop a model using radiomics features extracted from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) to predict the BRAF mutation in patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of 220 tumours were classified into two groups. One was a group whose BRAF mutation was identified, and the other group whose BRAF mutation was not identified. We extracted 1,962 radiomics features from gadolinium contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI treatment-planning images. Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique (SMOTE) was performed to address the unbalanced data-related issues. A single-layer neural network (NN) was used to build predictive models with radiomics features. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the curve (AUC) were evaluated to assess the model performance. RESULTS The prediction performance for the final evaluation without the SMOTE had an accuracy of 77.14%, a specificity of 82.44%, a sensitivity of 81.85%, and an AUC of 0.79. The application of SMOTE improved the prediction model to an accuracy of 83.1%, a specificity of 87.07%, a sensitivity of 78.82%, and an AUC of 0.82. CONCLUSION The current study showed the feasibility of generating a highly accurate NN model for the BRAF mutation prediction. The prediction performance improved with SMOTE. The model assists physicians to obtain more accurate expectations of the treatment outcome without a genetic test.
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