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Jacobson JM, Felber BK, Chen H, Pavlakis GN, Mullins JI, De Rosa SC, Kuritzkes DR, Tomaras GD, Kinslow J, Bao Y, Olefsky M, Rosati M, Bear J, Heptinstall JR, Zhang L, Sawant S, Hannaman D, Laird GM, Cyktor JC, Heath SL, Collier AC, Koletar SL, Taiwo BO, Tebas P, Wohl DA, Belaunzaran-Zamudio PF, McElrath MJ, Landay AL. The immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Gag conserved element DNA vaccine in people with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2024; 38:963-973. [PMID: 38051788 PMCID: PMC11062837 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the study was to assess the immunogenicity of an HIV-1 Gag conserved element DNA vaccine (p24CE DNA) in people with HIV (PWH) receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). DESIGN AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5369 was a phase I/IIa, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of PWH receiving ART with plasma HIV-1 RNA less than 50 copies/ml, current CD4 + T-cell counts greater than 500 cells/μl, and nadir CD4 + T-cell counts greater than 350 cells/μl. METHODS The study enrolled 45 participants randomized 2 : 1 : 1 to receive p24CE DNA vaccine at weeks 0 and 4, followed by p24CE DNA admixed with full-length p55 Gag DNA vaccine at weeks 12 and 24 (arm A); full-length p55 Gag DNA vaccine at weeks 0, 4, 12, and 24 (arm B); or placebo at weeks 0, 4, 12, and 24 (arm C). The active and placebo vaccines were administered by intramuscular electroporation. RESULTS There was a modest, but significantly greater increase in the number of conserved elements recognized by CD4 + and/or CD8 + T cells in arm A compared with arm C ( P = 0.014). The percentage of participants with an increased number of conserved elements recognized by T cells was also highest in arm A (8/18, 44.4%) vs. arm C (0/10, 0.0%) ( P = 0.025). There were no significant differences between treatment groups in the change in magnitude of responses to total conserved elements. CONCLUSION A DNA-delivered HIV-1 Gag conserved element vaccine boosted by a combination of this vaccine with a full-length p55 Gag DNA vaccine induced a new conserved element-directed cellular immune response in approximately half the treated PWH on ART.
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Rosati M, Terpos E, Homan P, Bergamaschi C, Karaliota S, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Devasundaram S, Bear J, Burns R, Bagratuni T, Trougakos IP, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Rapid transient and longer-lasting innate cytokine changes associated with adaptive immunity after repeated SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccinations. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1292568. [PMID: 38090597 PMCID: PMC10711274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1292568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytokines and chemokines play an important role in shaping innate and adaptive immunity in response to infection and vaccination. Systems serology identified immunological parameters predictive of beneficial response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in COVID-19 infection-naïve volunteers, COVID-19 convalescent patients and transplant patients with hematological malignancies. Here, we examined the dynamics of the serum cytokine/chemokine responses after the 3rd BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in a cohort of COVID-19 infection-naïve volunteers. Methods We measured serum cytokine and chemokine responses after the 3rd dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer/BioNtech) vaccine in COVID-19 infection-naïve individuals by a chemiluminescent assay and ELISA. Anti-Spike binding antibodies were measured by ELISA. Anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies were measured by a pseudotype assay. Results Comparison to responses found after the 1st and 2nd vaccinations showed persistence of the coordinated responses of several cytokine/chemokines including the previously identified rapid and transient IL-15, IFN-γ, CXCL10/IP-10, TNF-α, IL-6 signature. In contrast to the transient (24hrs) effect of the IL-15 signature, an inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine signature (CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1β, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-1Ra) remained at higher levels up to one month after the 2nd and 3rd booster vaccinations, indicative of a state of longer-lasting innate immune change. We also identified a systemic transient increase of CXCL13 only after the 3rd vaccination, supporting stronger germinal center activity and the higher anti-Spike antibody responses. Changes of the IL-15 signature, and the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine profile correlated with neutralizing antibody levels also after the 3rd vaccination supporting their role as immune biomarkers for effective development of vaccine-induced humoral responses. Conclusion These data revealed that repeated SARS-Cov-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination induces both rapid transient as well as longer-lasting systemic serum cytokine changes associated with innate and adaptive immune responses. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04743388.
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Floridi C, Cacioppa LM, Rossini N, Ventura C, Macchini M, Rosati M, Boscarato P, Torresi M, Candelari R, Giovagnoni A. Predictive factors of selective transarterial embolization failure in acute renal bleeding: a single-center experience. Emerg Radiol 2023; 30:597-606. [PMID: 37481680 DOI: 10.1007/s10140-023-02159-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transarterial embolization of renal artery branches (RTE) is a minimally invasive procedure commonly performed in life-threatening renal bleeding of different etiologies. Despite the widespread use of RTE, no consensus guidelines are currently available. Our aim was to investigate clinical and technical efficacy and to identify potential predictors for clinical failure of this procedure. METHODS All the RTE procedures performed in our Interventional Radiology unit in last 10 years were retrospectively collected and analyzed. All selected patients underwent both pre-procedural computed tomography angiography (CTA) and post-procedural CTA within 30 days. Clinical success was considered as primary endpoint. Demographic, laboratory, and diagnostic findings predictive of clinical failure of RTE were identified. RESULTS Over a total of 51 patients enrolled, 27 (53%) were females and 33 (64.7%) had a renal bleeding of iatrogenic origin. Technical and clinical success was 100% and 80.4%, respectively. Hematoma volumes > 258.5 cm3 measured at CTA, higher pre- and post-procedural serum creatinine (Scr) levels, an increase in Scr value > 0.135 mg/dl after the procedure, a worse post-procedural estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a post-procedural reduction of eGFR < 3.350 ml/min, and a post-procedural reduction of platelet count (PLT) > 46.50 × 103/mmc showed a significantly higher rate of clinical failure. CONCLUSION RTE is a safe and effective procedure in the management of acute renal bleeding of various origins. Hematoma volume, Scr, PLT, and eGFR values were found to be predictive factors of poor clinical outcome and should be closely monitored.
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Abdulameer NJ, Acharya U, Adare A, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Alfred M, Apadula N, Aramaki Y, Asano H, Atomssa ET, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Bandara NS, Bannier B, Barish KN, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Beckman S, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Black D, Blankenship B, Bok JS, Borisov V, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Bryslawskyj J, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Chen CH, Chiu M, Chi CY, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Chujo T, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Corrales Morales Y, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Dean CT, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Ding L, Dion A, Doomra V, Do JH, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, En'yo H, Enokizono A, Esha R, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Firak D, Fitzgerald D, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Gallus P, Gal C, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Glenn A, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Gu Y, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hanks J, Han SY, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Hemmick TK, He X, Hill JC, Hodges A, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Huang J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imazu Y, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak BV, Jeon SJ, Jezghani M, Jiang X, Ji Z, Johnson BM, Joo E, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Key JA, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kihara K, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim M, Kim T, Kim YK, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kofarago M, Koster J, Kotov D, Kovacs L, Kurgyis B, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Lajoie JG, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee KB, Lee SH, Leitch MJ, Leitgab M, Lewis NA, Lim SH, Liu MX, Li X, Loomis DA, Lynch D, Lökös S, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Meles A, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Miller AJ, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Mitrankova M, Mitrankov I, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal MM, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Muhammad A, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Mwai A, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakagomi H, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Netrakanti PK, Nihashi M, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Oh J, Orjuela Koop JD, Orosz M, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park JS, Park S, Patel L, Patel M, Pate SF, Peng JC, Peng W, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peressounko DY, PerezLara CE, Perry J, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pinson R, Pisani RP, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke ML, Radzevich PV, Rak J, Ramasubramanian N, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Riveli N, Roach D, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Rubin JG, Runchey J, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sawada S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sett P, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata M, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shi Z, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith KL, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stepanov M, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Takahama R, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Torii H, Towell M, Towell R, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke HW, Vargyas M, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Wang Z, Watanabe D, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Whitaker S, Wolin S, Wong CP, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Xia B, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yanovich A, Yoon I, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zou L. Measurement of Direct-Photon Cross Section and Double-Helicity Asymmetry at sqrt[s]=510 GeV in p[over →]+p[over →] Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:251901. [PMID: 37418716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.251901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of the cross section and double-helicity asymmetry A_{LL} of direct-photon production in p[over →]+p[over →] collisions at sqrt[s]=510 GeV. The measurements have been performed at midrapidity (|η|<0.25) with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. At relativistic energies, direct photons are dominantly produced from the initial quark-gluon hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force at leading order. Therefore, at sqrt[s]=510 GeV, where leading-order-effects dominate, these measurements provide clean and direct access to the gluon helicity in the polarized proton in the gluon-momentum-fraction range 0.02<x<0.08, with direct sensitivity to the sign of the gluon contribution.
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Dross S, Venkataraman R, Patel S, Huang ML, Bollard CM, Rosati M, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Bar KJ, Shaw GM, Jerome KR, Mullins JI, Kiem HP, Fuller DH, Peterson CW. Efficient ex vivo expansion of conserved element vaccine-specific CD8+ T-cells from SHIV-infected, ART-suppressed nonhuman primates. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188018. [PMID: 37207227 PMCID: PMC10189133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-specific T cells are necessary for control of HIV-1 replication but are largely insufficient for viral clearance. This is due in part to these cells' recognition of immunodominant but variable regions of the virus, which facilitates viral escape via mutations that do not incur viral fitness costs. HIV-specific T cells targeting conserved viral elements are associated with viral control but are relatively infrequent in people living with HIV (PLWH). The goal of this study was to increase the number of these cells via an ex vivo cell manufacturing approach derived from our clinically-validated HIV-specific expanded T-cell (HXTC) process. Using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model of HIV infection, we sought to determine i) the feasibility of manufacturing ex vivo-expanded virus-specific T cells targeting viral conserved elements (CE, CE-XTCs), ii) the in vivo safety of these products, and iii) the impact of simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) challenge on their expansion, activity, and function. NHP CE-XTCs expanded up to 10-fold following co-culture with the combination of primary dendritic cells (DCs), PHA blasts pulsed with CE peptides, irradiated GM-K562 feeder cells, and autologous T cells from CE-vaccinated NHP. The resulting CE-XTC products contained high frequencies of CE-specific, polyfunctional T cells. However, consistent with prior studies with human HXTC and these cells' predominant CD8+ effector phenotype, we did not observe significant differences in CE-XTC persistence or SHIV acquisition in two CE-XTC-infused NHP compared to two control NHP. These data support the safety and feasibility of our approach and underscore the need for continued development of CE-XTC and similar cell-based strategies to redirect and increase the potency of cellular virus-specific adaptive immune responses.
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Devasundaram S, Terpos E, Rosati M, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Bear J, Burns R, Skourti S, Malandrakis P, Trougakos IP, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. XBB.1.5 neutralizing antibodies upon bivalent COVID-19 vaccination are similar to XBB but lower than BQ.1.1. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:E123-E126. [PMID: 36810791 PMCID: PMC10116518 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Farolfi A, Petracci E, Gurioli G, Tedaldi G, Casanova C, Arcangeli V, Rosati M, Burgio S, Cursano M, Lolli C, Schepisi G, De Giorgi U. 53P Impact of the time interval between primary or interval surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Valentin A, Bergamaschi C, Rosati M, Angel M, Burns R, Agarwal M, Gergen J, Petsch B, Oostvogels L, Loeliger E, Chew KW, Deeks SG, Mullins JI, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Comparative immunogenicity of an mRNA/LNP and a DNA vaccine targeting HIV gag conserved elements in macaques. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945706. [PMID: 35935984 PMCID: PMC9355630 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunogenicity of HIV-1 mRNA vaccine regimens was analyzed in a non-human primate animal model. Rhesus macaques immunized with mRNA in lipid nanoparticle (mRNA/LNP) formulation expressing HIV-1 Gag and Gag conserved regions (CE) as immunogens developed robust, durable antibody responses but low adaptive T-cell responses. Augmentation of the dose resulted in modest increases in vaccine-induced cellular immunity, with no difference in humoral responses. The gag mRNA/lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine provided suboptimal priming of T cell responses for a heterologous DNA booster vaccination regimen. In contrast, a single immunization with gag mRNA/LNP efficiently boosted both humoral and cellular responses in macaques previously primed by a gag DNA-based vaccine. These anamnestic cellular responses were mediated by activated CD8+ T cells with a phenotype of differentiated T-bet+ cytotoxic memory T lymphocytes. The heterologous prime/boost regimens combining DNA and mRNA/LNP vaccine modalities maximized vaccine-induced cellular and humoral immune responses. Analysis of cytokine responses revealed a transient systemic signature characterized by the release of type I interferon, IL-15 and IFN-related chemokines. The pro-inflammatory status induced by the mRNA/LNP vaccine was also characterized by IL-23 and IL-6, concomitant with the release of IL-17 family of cytokines. Overall, the strong boost of cellular and humoral immunity induced by the mRNA/LNP vaccine suggests that it could be useful as a prophylactic vaccine in heterologous prime/boost modality and in immune therapeutic interventions against HIV infection or other chronic human diseases.
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Bergamaschi C, Pagoni M, Rosati M, Angel M, Tzannou I, Vlachou M, Darmani I, Ullah A, Bear J, Devasundaram S, Burns R, Baltadakis I, Gigantes S, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN, Terpos E, Felber BK. Reduced Antibodies and Innate Cytokine Changes in SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccinated Transplant Patients With Hematological Malignancies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:899972. [PMID: 35693807 PMCID: PMC9174567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunocompromised individuals including patients with hematological malignancies constitute a population at high risk of developing severe disease upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protection afforded by vaccination is frequently low and the biology leading to altered vaccine efficacy is not fully understood. A patient cohort who had received bone marrow transplantation or CAR-T cells was studied following a 2-dose BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination and compared to healthy vaccine recipients. Anti-Spike antibody and systemic innate responses were compared in the two vaccine cohorts. The patients had significantly lower SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies to the Wuhan strain, with proportional lower cross-recognition of Beta, Delta, and Omicron Spike-RBD proteins. Both cohorts neutralized the wildtype WA1 and Delta but not Omicron. Vaccination elicited an innate cytokine signature featuring IFN-γ, IL-15 and IP-10/CXCL10, but most patients showed a diminished systemic cytokine response. In patients who failed to develop antibodies, the innate systemic response was dominated by IL-8 and MIP-1α with significant attenuation in the IFN-γ, IL-15 and IP-10/CXCL10 signature response. Changes in IFN-γ and IP-10/CXCL10 at priming vaccination and IFN-γ, IL-15, IL-7 and IL-10 upon booster vaccination correlated with the Spike antibody magnitude and were predictive of successful antibody development. Overall, the patients showed heterogeneous adaptive and innate responses with lower humoral and reduced innate cytokine responses to vaccination compared to naïve vaccine recipients. The pattern of responses described offer novel prognostic approaches for potentiating the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in transplant patients with hematological malignancies.
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Acharya U, Aidala C, Akiba Y, Alfred M, Andrieux V, Apadula N, Asano H, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bandara N, Barish K, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Blankenship B, Blau D, Bok J, Borisov V, Brooks M, Bryslawskyj J, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Cervantes R, Chiu M, Chi C, Choi I, Choi J, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Cronin N, Csörgő T, Csanád M, Danley T, Daugherity M, David G, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond E, Dion A, Dixit D, Do J, Drees A, Drees K, Durham J, Durum A, En’yo H, Enokizono A, Esha R, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields D, Finger M, Finger M, Fitzgerald D, Fokin S, Frantz J, Franz A, Frawley A, Fukuda Y, Gallus P, Gal C, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene S, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Hachiya T, Haggerty J, Hahn K, Hamagaki H, Hamilton H, Hanks J, Han S, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Haseler T, Hemmick T, He X, Hill J, Hill K, Hodges A, Hollis R, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak B, Jezghani M, Jiang X, Ji Z, Johnson B, Jouan D, Jumper D, Kang J, Kapukchyan D, Karthas S, Kawall D, Kazantsev A, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kim C, Kim EJ, Kim M, Kim T, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kotov D, Kovacs L, Kudo S, Kurita K, Kwon Y, Lajoie J, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee S, Lee S, Leitch M, Leung Y, Lewis N, Lim S, Liu M, Li X, Loggins VR, Loomis D, Lovasz K, Lynch D, Lökös S, Majoros T, Makdisi Y, Makek M, Manko V, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey P, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Mignerey A, Milov A, Mishra D, Mitchell J, Mitrankova M, Mitrankov I, Mitrankov I, Mitsuka G, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal M, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison D, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagai K, Nagashima K, Nagashima T, Nagle J, Nagy M, Nakagawa I, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin A, O’Brien E, Ogilvie C, Orjuela Koop J, Osborn J, Oskarsson A, Ottino G, Ozawa K, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park S, Patel M, Pate S, Peng W, Perepelitsa D, Perera G, Peressounko D, PerezLara C, Perry J, Petti R, Phipps M, Pinkenburg C, Pisani R, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke M, Radzevich P, Ramasubramanian N, Read K, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Rinn T, Rolnick S, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Runchey J, Safonov A, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Schaefer B, Schmoll B, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shioya T, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva C, Silvermyr D, Singh B, Singh C, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith K, Snowball M, Soltz R, Sondheim W, Sorensen S, Sourikova I, Stankus P, Stoll S, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Tanida K, Tannenbaum M, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarnai G, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Towell C, Towell R, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke H, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vukman N, Wang X, Watanabe Y, Wong C, Woody C, Xue L, Xu C, Xu Q, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamamoto H, Yanovich A, Yoon I, Yoo J, Yushmanov I, Yu H, Zajc W, Zelenski A, Zharko S, Zou L. Transverse-single-spin asymmetries of charged pions at midrapidity in transversely polarized
p+p
collisions at
s=200 GeV. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.032003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rosati M, Terpos E, Agarwal M, Karalis V, Bear J, Burns R, Hu X, Papademetriou D, Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos I, Trougakos IP, Dimopoulos M, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Distinct neutralization profile of spike variants by antibodies induced upon SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:E3-E7. [PMID: 34674297 PMCID: PMC8646236 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Rosati M, Terpos E, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Agarwal M, Bear J, Burns R, Hu X, Korompoki E, Donohue D, Venzon DJ, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Sequential Analysis of Binding and Neutralizing Antibody in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients at 14 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:793953. [PMID: 34899762 PMCID: PMC8660679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.793953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Durability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses after infection provides information relevant to understanding protection against COVID-19 in humans. We report the results of a sequential evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in convalescent patients with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 12.4-15.4) post first symptom onset. We report persistence of antibodies for all four specificities tested [Spike, Spike Receptor Binding Domain (Spike-RBD), Nucleocapsid, Nucleocapsid RNA Binding Domain (N-RBD)]. Anti-Spike antibodies persist better than anti-Nucleocapsid antibodies. The durability analysis supports a bi-phasic antibody decay with longer half-lives of antibodies after 6 months and antibody persistence for up to 14 months. Patients infected with the Wuhan (WA1) strain maintained strong cross-reactive recognition of Alpha and Delta Spike-RBD but significantly reduced binding to Beta and Mu Spike-RBD. Sixty percent of convalescent patients with detectable WA1-specific NAb also showed strong neutralization of the Delta variant, the prevalent strain of the present pandemic. These data show that convalescent patients maintain functional antibody responses for more than one year after infection, suggesting a strong long-lasting response after symptomatic disease that may offer a prolonged protection against re-infection. One patient from this cohort showed strong increase of both Spike and Nucleocapsid antibodies at 14 months post-infection indicating SARS-CoV-2 re-exposure. These antibodies showed stronger cross-reactivity to a panel of Spike-RBD including Beta, Delta and Mu and neutralization of a panel of Spike variants including Beta and Gamma. This patient provides an example of strong anti-Spike recall immunity able to control infection at an asymptomatic level. Together, the antibodies from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients persist over 14 months and continue to maintain cross-reactivity to the current variants of concern and show strong functional properties.
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Acharya UA, Aidala C, Akiba Y, Alfred M, Andrieux V, Apadula N, Asano H, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bandara NS, Barish KN, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Blankenship B, Blau DS, Bok JS, Brooks ML, Bryslawskyj J, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Cervantes R, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Corrales Morales Y, Cronin N, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Danley TW, Daugherity MS, David G, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dion A, Dixit D, Do JH, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esha R, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fitzgerald D, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fukuda Y, Gal C, Gallus P, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamilton HF, Han SY, Hanks J, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, He X, Hemmick TK, Hill JC, Hill K, Hodges A, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak BV, Jezghani M, Ji Z, Jiang X, Johnson BM, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kang JH, Kapukchyan D, Karthas S, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kim C, Kim EJ, Kim M, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kotov D, Kudo S, Kurgyis B, Kurita K, Kwon Y, Lajoie JG, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee S, Lee SH, Leitch MJ, Leung YH, Lewis NA, Li X, Lim SH, Liu MX, Loggins VR, Lökös S, Loomis DA, Lovasz K, Lynch D, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Manko VI, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Mignerey AC, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Mitrankov I, Mitrankova M, Mitsuka G, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal MM, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison DP, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagai K, Nagashima K, Nagashima T, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ottino GJ, Ozawa K, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park JS, Park S, Pate SF, Patel M, Peng W, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peressounko DY, PerezLara CE, Perry J, Petti R, Phipps M, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke ML, Radzevich PV, Ramasubramanian N, Read KF, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Rinn T, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Runchey J, Safonov AS, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sexton A, Sharma D, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shioya T, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith KL, Snowball M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarnai G, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Towell CL, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke HW, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vukman N, Wang XR, Watanabe YS, Wong CP, Woody CL, Xu C, Xu Q, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yamamoto H, Yanovich A, Yoo JH, Yoon I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zharko S, Zou L. Probing Gluon Spin-Momentum Correlations in Transversely Polarized Protons through Midrapidity Isolated Direct Photons in p^{↑}+p Collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:162001. [PMID: 34723614 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.162001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studying spin-momentum correlations in hadronic collisions offers a glimpse into a three-dimensional picture of proton structure. The transverse single-spin asymmetry for midrapidity isolated direct photons in p^{↑}+p collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Because direct photons in particular are produced from the hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force, this measurement is a clean probe of initial-state spin-momentum correlations inside the proton and is in particular sensitive to gluon interference effects within the proton. This is the first time direct photons have been used as a probe of spin-momentum correlations at RHIC. The uncertainties on the results are a 50-fold improvement with respect to those of the one prior measurement for the same observable, from the Fermilab E704 experiment. These results constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons.
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Rosati M, Agarwal M, Hu X, Devasundaram S, Stellas D, Chowdhury B, Bear J, Burns R, Donohue D, Pessaint L, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA, Wlodawer A, Mullins JI, Venzon DJ, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK. Control of SARS-CoV-2 infection after Spike DNA or Spike DNA+Protein co-immunization in rhesus macaques. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009701. [PMID: 34551020 PMCID: PMC8489704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The speed of development, versatility and efficacy of mRNA-based vaccines have been amply demonstrated in the case of SARS-CoV-2. DNA vaccines represent an important alternative since they induce both humoral and cellular immune responses in animal models and in human trials. We tested the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA-based vaccine regimens expressing different prefusion-stabilized Wuhan-Hu-1 SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigens upon intramuscular injection followed by electroporation in rhesus macaques. Different Spike DNA vaccine regimens induced antibodies that potently neutralized SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and elicited robust T cell responses. The antibodies recognized and potently neutralized a panel of different Spike variants including Alpha, Delta, Epsilon, Eta and A.23.1, but to a lesser extent Beta and Gamma. The DNA-only vaccine regimens were compared to a regimen that included co-immunization of Spike DNA and protein in the same anatomical site, the latter of which showed significant higher antibody responses. All vaccine regimens led to control of SARS-CoV-2 intranasal/intratracheal challenge and absence of virus dissemination to the lower respiratory tract. Vaccine-induced binding and neutralizing antibody titers and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis inversely correlated with transient virus levels in the nasal mucosa. Importantly, the Spike DNA+Protein co-immunization regimen induced the highest binding and neutralizing antibodies and showed the strongest control against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques. Anti-Spike neutralizing antibodies provide strong protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in animal models, and correlate with protection in humans, supporting the notion that induction of strong humoral immunity is key to protection. We show induction of robust antibody and T cell responses by different Spike DNA-based vaccine regimens able to effectively mediate protection and to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rhesus macaque model. This study provides the opportunity to compare vaccines able to induce different humoral and cellular immune responses in an effort to develop durable immunity against the SARS-CoV-2. A vaccine regimen comprising simultaneous co-immunization of DNA and Protein at the same anatomical site showed best neutralizing abilities and was more effective than DNA alone in inducing protective immune responses and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, an expansion of the DNA vaccine regimen to include co-immunization with Spike protein may be of advantage also for SARS-CoV-2.
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Terpos E, Stellas D, Rosati M, Sergentanis TN, Hu X, Politou M, Pappa V, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Karaliota S, Bear J, Donohue D, Pagoni M, Grouzi E, Korompoki E, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Dimopoulos MA. SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics eight months from COVID-19 onset: Persistence of spike antibodies but loss of neutralizing antibodies in 24% of convalescent plasma donors. Eur J Intern Med 2021; 89:87-96. [PMID: 34053848 PMCID: PMC8128693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the characteristics of human immune response against SARS-CoV-2 is of high priority and relevant for determining vaccine strategies. We report the results of a follow-up evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 148 convalescent plasma donors who participated in a phase 2 study at a median of 8.3 months (range 6.8-10.5 months) post first symptom onset. Monitoring responses over time, we found contraction of antibody responses for all four antigens tested, with Spike antibodies showing higher persistence than Nucleocapsid antibodies. A piecewise linear random-effects multivariate regression analysis showed a bi-phasic antibody decay with a more pronounced decrease during the first 6 months post symptoms onset by analysis of two intervals. Interestingly, antibodies to Spike showed better longevity whereas their neutralization ability contracted faster. As a result, neutralizing antibodies were detected in only 76% of patients at the last time point. In a multivariate analysis, older age and hospitalization were independently associated with higher Spike, Spike-RBD, Nucleocapsid, N-RBD antibodies and neutralizing antibody levels. Results on persistence and neutralizing ability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, especially against Spike and Spike-RBD, should be considered in the design of future vaccination strategies.
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Felber BK, Lu Z, Hu X, Valentin A, Rosati M, Remmel CAL, Weiner JA, Carpenter MC, Faircloth K, Stanfield-Oakley S, Williams WB, Shen X, Tomaras GD, LaBranche CC, Montefiori D, Trinh HV, Rao M, Alam MS, Vandergrift NA, Saunders KO, Wang Y, Rountree W, Das J, Alter G, Reed SG, Aye PP, Schiro F, Pahar B, Dufour JP, Veazey RS, Marx PA, Venzon DJ, Shaw GM, Ferrari G, Ackerman ME, Haynes BF, Pavlakis GN. Co-immunization of DNA and Protein in the Same Anatomical Sites Induces Superior Protective Immune Responses against SHIV Challenge. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107624. [PMID: 32402293 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We compare immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an HIV vaccine comprised of env and gag DNA and Env (Envelope) proteins by co-administration of the vaccine components in the same muscles or by separate administration of DNA + protein in contralateral sites in female rhesus macaques. The 6-valent vaccine includes gp145 Env DNAs, representing six sequentially isolated Envs from the HIV-infected individual CH505, and matching GLA-SE-adjuvanted gp120 Env proteins. Interestingly, only macaques in the co-administration vaccine group are protected against SHIV CH505 acquisition after repeated low-dose intravaginal challenge and show 67% risk reduction per exposure. Macaques in the co-administration group develop higher Env-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Non-neutralizing Env antibodies, ADCC, and antibodies binding to FcγRIIIa are associated with decreased transmission risk. These data suggest that simultaneous recognition, processing, and presentation of DNA + Env protein in the same draining lymph nodes play a critical role in the development of protective immunity.
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Silva de Castro I, Gorini G, Mason R, Gorman J, Bissa M, Rahman MA, Arakelyan A, Kalisz I, Whitney S, Becerra-Flores M, Ni E, Peachman K, Trinh HV, Read M, Liu MH, Van Ryk D, Paquin-Proulx D, Shubin Z, Tuyishime M, Peele J, Ahmadi MS, Verardi R, Hill J, Beddall M, Nguyen R, Stamos JD, Fujikawa D, Min S, Schifanella L, Vaccari M, Galli V, Doster MN, Liyanage NPM, Sarkis S, Caccuri F, LaBranche C, Montefiori DC, Tomaras GD, Shen X, Rosati M, Felber BK, Pavlakis GN, Venzon DJ, Magnanelli W, Breed M, Kramer J, Keele BF, Eller MA, Cicala C, Arthos J, Ferrari G, Margolis L, Robert-Guroff M, Kwong PD, Roederer M, Rao M, Cardozo TJ, Franchini G. Anti-V2 antibodies virus vulnerability revealed by envelope V1 deletion in HIV vaccine candidates. iScience 2021; 24:102047. [PMID: 33554060 PMCID: PMC7847973 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of ALVAC-based HIV and SIV vaccines in humans and macaques correlates with antibodies to envelope variable region 2 (V2). We show here that vaccine-induced antibodies to SIV variable region 1 (V1) inhibit anti-V2 antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and reverse their ability to block V2 peptide interaction with the α4β7 integrin. SIV vaccines engineered to delete V1 and favor an α helix, rather than a β sheet V2 conformation, induced V2-specific ADCC correlating with decreased risk of SIV acquisition. Removal of V1 from the HIV-1 clade A/E A244 envelope resulted in decreased binding to antibodies recognizing V2 in the β sheet conformation. Thus, deletion of V1 in HIV envelope immunogens may improve antibody responses to V2 virus vulnerability sites and increase the efficacy of HIV vaccine candidates. HIV vaccine candidate protects against SIVmac251 acquisition V1 deleted envelope immunogens with V2 in α-helical conformation are protective V2-specific ADCC as correlate of risk Anti-V1 antibodies interfere with V2-specific ADCC
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Terpos E, Politou M, Sergentanis TN, Mentis A, Rosati M, Stellas D, Bear J, Hu X, Felber BK, Pappa V, Pagoni M, Grouzi E, Labropoulou S, Charitaki I, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Moschandreou D, Bouhla A, Saridakis S, Korompoki E, Giatra C, Bagratuni T, Pefanis A, Papageorgiou S, Spyridonidis A, Antoniadou A, Kotanidou A, Syrigos K, Stamoulis K, Panayiotakopoulos G, Tsiodras S, Alexopoulos L, Dimopoulos MA, Pavlakis GN. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses in Convalescent Plasma Donors Are Increased in Hospitalized Patients; Subanalyses of a Phase 2 Clinical Study. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8121885. [PMID: 33260775 PMCID: PMC7760522 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the antibody responses in 259 potential convalescent plasma donors for Covid-19 patients. Different assays were used: a commercial ELISA detecting antibodies against the recombinant spike protein (S1); a multiplex assay detecting total and specific antibody isotypes against three SARS-CoV-2 antigens (S1, basic nucleocapsid (N) protein and receptor-binding domain (RBD)); and an in-house ELISA detecting antibodies to complete spike, RBD and N in 60 of these donors. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) were also evaluated in these 60 donors. Analyzed samples were collected at a median time of 62 (14-104) days from the day of first symptoms or positive PCR (for asymptomatic patients). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were detected in 88% and 87.8% of donors using the ELISA and the multiplex assay, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that age ≥50 years (p < 0.001) and need for hospitalization (p < 0.001) correlated with higher antibody titers, while asymptomatic status (p < 0.001) and testing >60 days after symptom onset (p = 0.001) correlated with lower titers. Interestingly, pseudotype virus-neutralizing antibodies (PsNAbs) significantly correlated with spike and with RBD antibodies by ELISA. Sera with high PsNAb also showed a strong ability to neutralize active SARS-CoV-2 virus, with hospitalized patients showing higher titers. Therefore, convalescent plasma donors can be selected based on the presence of high RBD antibody titers.
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Würfel FM, Wirtz RM, Winterhalter C, De laco P, Rosati M, Veltrup E, Martoni AA, Würfel W, Zamagni C. HLA-J as a new predictive marker in breast cancer for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Würfel FM, Wirtz R, Winterhalter C, De laco P, Rosati M, Veltrup E, Martoni AA, Würfel W, Zamagni C. Dynamic changes of HLA-J expression during neoadjuvant treatment in ovarian cancer. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Ta'ani H, Alexander J, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aramaki Y, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Bannier B, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumgart S, Bazilevsky A, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bing X, Blau DS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Butsyk S, Campbell S, Castera P, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choi S, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dairaku S, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Ding L, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, D'Orazio L, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gainey K, Gal C, Garishvili A, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong X, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hanks J, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hill JC, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Huang S, Ichihara T, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imrek J, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Javani M, Jia J, Jiang X, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Kamin J, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim KB, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kinney E, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Komatsu Y, Komkov B, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Král A, Krizek F, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee B, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee SH, Lee SR, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitgab M, Lewis B, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Litvinenko A, Liu MX, Love B, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Masumoto S, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mohanty AK, Moon HJ, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagae T, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nederlof A, Nihashi M, Nouicer R, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park SK, Pate SF, Patel L, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Qu H, Rak J, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reynolds R, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rukoyatkin P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Samsonov V, Sano M, Sarsour M, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Soumya M, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sun J, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tennant E, Themann H, Todoroki T, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Tsuji T, Vale C, van Hecke HW, Vargyas M, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, White SN, Winter D, Wolin S, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Yamaguchi YL, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zolin L. Erratum: Evolution of π^{0} Suppression in Au+Au Collisions from sqrt[s_{NN}]=39 to 200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 152301 (2012)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:049901. [PMID: 32794791 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.049901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.152301.
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Felber BK, Lu Z, Hu X, Valentin A, Rosati M, Mullins JI, Pavlakis GN. DNA priming vaccination to induce T cell responses to subdominant conserved HIV epitopes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.167.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
HIV sequence diversity and epitope immunodominance exerted by the variable regions are hurdles in the development of an effective AIDS vaccine. We developed novel DNA vaccine regimens to redirect T cell responses to highly conserved regions (CE) in the HIV proteome.
Methods
Rhesus macaques were primed with DNA expressing CE immunogen and boosted with a combination of DNAs expressing CE and/or full-length (FL) immunogens. Different prime-boost protocols were compared. The CE prime/CE+FL boost vaccination co-delivered in the same anatomical site was compared to delivery of CE and FL DNA in contralateral sites.
Results
CE prime/CE+FL boost regimens induced high and broad CTL responses which cannot be achieved using FL DNAs only. Thus, priming with CE DNA profoundly alters the immunodominance exerted by the variable non-CE regions, promoting responses to subdominant CE. This vaccine regimen is currently tested in clinical trials (HVTN 119, ACTG A5369). Comparison of same site vs contralateral vaccine delivery showed that separating CE and FL DNA resulted in increased breadth of T cell responses to non-CE while maintaining CTL responses to CE. Separating the immunogens at the prime allows for induction of independent primary adaptive responses by targeting the two vaccine components to distinct lymph nodes and preventing interference.
Conclusions
HIV DNA vaccine regimens comprising CE as prime and native immunogens as boost induce responses to subdominant epitopes, maximizing breadth and focusing the immune response against vulnerable regions of the virus. Separating the immunogens results in broader epitope recognition. This has implications for many vaccine protocols promoting induction of protective responses.
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Virnik K, Rosati M, Medvedev A, Scanlan A, Walsh G, Dayton F, Broderick KE, Lewis M, Bryson Y, Lifson JD, Ruprecht RM, Felber BK, Berkower I. Immunotherapy with DNA vaccine and live attenuated rubella/SIV gag vectors plus early ART can prevent SIVmac251 viral rebound in acutely infected rhesus macaques. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228163. [PMID: 32130229 PMCID: PMC7055890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has been highly successful in controlling HIV replication, reducing viral burden, and preventing both progression to AIDS and viral transmission. Yet, ART alone cannot cure the infection. Even after years of successful therapy, ART withdrawal leads inevitably to viral rebound within a few weeks or months. Our hypothesis: effective therapy must control both the replicating virus pool and the reactivatable latent viral reservoir. To do this, we have combined ART and immunotherapy to attack both viral pools simultaneously. The vaccine regimen consisted of DNA vaccine expressing SIV Gag, followed by a boost with live attenuated rubella/gag vectors. The vectors grow well in rhesus macaques, and they are potent immunogens when used in a prime and boost strategy. We infected rhesus macaques by high dose mucosal challenge with virulent SIVmac251 and waited three days to allow viral dissemination and establishment of a reactivatable viral reservoir before starting ART. While on ART, the control group received control DNA and empty rubella vaccine, while the immunotherapy group received DNA/gag prime, followed by boosts with rubella vectors expressing SIV gag over 27 weeks. Both groups had a vaccine "take" to rubella, and the vaccine group developed antibodies and T cells specific for Gag. Five weeks after the last immunization, we stopped ART and monitored virus rebound. All four control animals eventually had a viral rebound, and two were euthanized for AIDS. One control macaque did not rebound until 2 years after ART release. In contrast, there was only one viral rebound in the vaccine group. Three out of four vaccinees had no viral rebound, even after CD8 depletion, and they remain in drug-free viral remission more than 2.5 years later. The strategy of early ART combined with immunotherapy can produce a sustained SIV remission in macaques and may be relevant for immunotherapy of HIV in humans.
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Fanizza M, Rosati M, Skotiniotis M, Calsamiglia J, Giovannetti V. Beyond the Swap Test: Optimal Estimation of Quantum State Overlap. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:060503. [PMID: 32109123 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.060503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the estimation of the overlap between two unknown pure quantum states of a finite-dimensional system, given M and N copies of each type. This is a fundamental primitive in quantum information processing that is commonly accomplished from the outcomes of N swap tests, a joint measurement on one copy of each type whose outcome probability is a linear function of the squared overlap. We show that a more precise estimate can be obtained by allowing for general collective measurements on all copies. We derive the statistics of the optimal measurement and compute the optimal mean square error in the asymptotic pointwise and finite Bayesian estimation settings. Besides, we consider two strategies relying on the estimation of one or both states and show that, although they are suboptimal, they outperform the swap test. In particular, the swap test is extremely inefficient for small values of the overlap, which become exponentially more likely as the dimension increases. Finally, we show that the optimal measurement is less invasive than the swap test and study the robustness to depolarizing noise for qubit states.
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25
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Aidala C, Akiba Y, Alfred M, Andrieux V, Apadula N, Asano H, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bandara NS, Barish KN, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Blau DS, Bok JS, Brooks ML, Bryslawskyj J, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Cervantes R, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Citron Z, Connors M, Cronin N, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Danley TW, Daugherity MS, David G, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dion A, Dixit D, Do JH, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fukuda Y, Gal C, Gallus P, Gamez EA, Garg P, Ge H, Giordano F, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamilton HF, Han SY, Hanks J, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, He X, Hemmick TK, Hill JC, Hill K, Hodges A, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ishimaru S, Ivanishchev D, Jacak BV, Jezghani M, Ji Z, Jiang X, Johnson BM, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kang JH, Kapukchyan D, Karthas S, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Kim C, Kim EJ, Kim M, Kincses D, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kotov D, Kudo S, Kurgyis B, Kurita K, Kwon Y, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee S, Lee SH, Leitch MJ, Leung YH, Lewis NA, Li X, Lim SH, Liu MX, Loggins VR, Lökös S, Lovasz K, Lynch D, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Manko VI, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Metzger WJ, Mignerey AC, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Mitrankov I, Mitsuka G, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison DP, Morrow SI, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagai K, Nagashima K, Nagashima T, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ottino GJ, Ozawa K, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park JS, Park S, Pate SF, Patel M, Peng W, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peressounko DY, PerezLara CE, Perry J, Petti R, Phipps M, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Pun A, Purschke ML, Radzevich PV, Read KF, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Rinn T, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Runchey J, Safonov AS, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Scarlett CY, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shioya T, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skoby MJ, Slunečka M, Smith KL, Snowball M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Suzuki S, Sziklai J, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarnai G, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Towell CL, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke HW, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vukman N, Wang XR, Wang Z, Watanabe YS, Wong CP, Woody CL, Xu C, Xu Q, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yamamoto H, Yanovich A, Yoo JH, Yoon I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zhai Y, Zharko S, Zou L. Nuclear Dependence of the Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry in the Production of Charged Hadrons at Forward Rapidity in Polarized p+p, p+Al, and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:122001. [PMID: 31633981 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.122001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the nuclear dependence of transverse single-spin asymmetries (TSSAs) in the production of positively charged hadrons in polarized p^{↑}+p, p^{↑}+Al, and p^{↑}+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The measurements have been performed at forward rapidity (1.4<η<2.4) over the range of transverse momentum (1.8<p_{T}<7.0 GeV/c) and Feynman x (0.1<x_{F}<0.2). We observed positive asymmetries for positively charged hadrons in p^{↑}+p collisions, and significantly reduced asymmetries in p^{↑}+A collisions. These results reveal a nuclear dependence of TSSAs for charged-hadron production in a regime where perturbative techniques are applicable. These results provide new opportunities to use p^{↑}+A collisions as a tool to investigate the rich phenomena behind TSSAs in hadronic collisions and to use TSSAs as a new handle in studying small-system collisions.
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