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Said G, Ali A, Umair M, Ahmad F, Gul S, Ateeq M. Bioactivities of natural product geodin congeners and their preliminary structure activity relationship. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:3972-3981. [PMID: 37865972 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2272022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of 6 novel ester derivatives 2-7 of natural product geodin 1 were designed and semi-synthesized through one mild step reaction with high yield. Compounds 2-7 showed strong inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus in the range of 2.35-9.41 μM. Compounds 4 and 7 showed very strong inhibitory activities against antifouling bacteria Aeromonas salmonicida with MICs of 2.42 μM and 4.56 μM respectively. Most notably compounds 3-7 showed potent antifungal activities against Candida albicans in the range of 0.59-2.44 μM. Particularly, compound 3 showed the highest antifungal activity against C. albicans with a MIC value of 0.59 μM. The preliminary structure activity relationship of these derivatives showed that replacement of 4-OH group with benzoyl substituents could enhance the antibacterial and antifungal activities of geodin 1.
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Ahmad F, Mahmood A, Almazni IA, Shakoori AM, Alhakami F, Alam Q, Ismail M, Umair M. A novel CLRN2 variant: expanding the mutation spectrum and its critical role in isolated hearing impairment. Genes Genomics 2024:10.1007/s13258-024-01590-y. [PMID: 39446282 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic variants in the CLRN2 gene have been reported to cause autosomal recessive profound hearing impairment in humans. CLRN2 belongs to the clarin gene family that encodes a tetraspan protein that contains a cytosolic N-terminus, multiple helical transmembrane domains, and an endoplasmic reticulum membrane retention signal, TKGH, in the C-terminus. The encoded protein may be important in development and homeostasis of the inner ear and retina. METHODS Here, we present a consanguineous family suffering from autosomal recessive non-syndromic profound hearing impairment (HI). We employed state of the art Whole exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing followed by routine bioinformatics filtration steps and homology modeling to elucidate the effect of mutation at the protein level. RESULTS ES followed by Sanger sequencing revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant in the CLRN2 gene [c.414 C > A; p.Cys138*]. Furthermore, insilico protein modeling of the wildtype and mutated version of the CLRN2 protein revealed large-scale changes that predict to compromise the routine normal function of the protein. CONCLUSION Our finding further extends the mutations spectrum of CLRN2 gene and confirms its important role in hearing homeostasis and with developmental disorder in humans.
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Pereira FA, Waheed A, Rao J, Umair M. Commentary on: Comparison of motion sensor and heart rate monitor for assessment of physical activity intensity in stroke outpatient rehabilitation sessions: an observational study. J Rehabil Med 2024; 56:jrm41967. [PMID: 39382397 PMCID: PMC11481306 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.41967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
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Umair M, Kesav P, Hussain SI, John S. An Atypical Presentation of Vascular Eagle Syndrome. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2024:02223306-990000000-00265. [PMID: 39363623 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_582_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
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Alshamlani LK, Alsulaim DS, Alabbad RS, Alhoshan AA, Alkhoder JF, Alsaleh NS, Almannai M, Ababneh F, Algattan M, Alsini L, Alswaid AF, Eyaid WM, Al Mutairi F, Umair M, Alfadhel M. Consanguinity and Occurrence of Monogenic Diseases in a Single Tertiary Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A 2 Years Cross-Sectional Study. Appl Clin Genet 2024; 17:151-158. [PMID: 39377010 PMCID: PMC11457763 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s476350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Consanguinity, or the practice of marrying close relatives, is a common cultural tradition in Saudi Arabia, with rates among the highest in the world. This practice has significant implications for the prevalence and distribution of major single genetic defects and chromosomal abnormalities within the Saudi population. Methods Herein, using the BESTCare electronic medical record system (designed to streamline hospital operations, enhance patient care, and improve the overall efficiency of healthcare services; bestcare.ezcaretech.com) in a single tertiary centre, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital (KASCH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we performed a cross-sectional study for all patients referred to the hospital from the 1st January 2020 until 1st January 2022. Results The present study, which included 1100 individuals, found a high prevalence of consanguinity (64%) and a significant proportion of third-degree relatives (69%). The mean age of participants was 12.24 years, and the diagnostic rate using advanced molecular genetics techniques was 45%, with whole exome sequencing (WES) being the most common method (43%). The study also noted a significant delay in diagnosis for more than a year in 16% of cases, with a common neurodevelopmental phenotype (18%). Conclusion In conclusion, we revealed the prevalence of consanguineous marriages in the KASCH hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We also highlighted the most frequently referred phenotype. These findings are consistent with previous research on the prevalence and impact of consanguinity on rare genetic disorders.
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Jabeen S, Mushtaq K, Samie A, Umair M, Naseer MAUR. Exploring under-five mortality disparities: a comparative analysis of rural and urban areas in Punjab-Pakistan, using Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data. Public Health 2024; 236:466-472. [PMID: 39357332 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Child health is a social and economic development indicator. Pakistan is one of the countries with a high rate of under-five mortality. This research aims to examine several demographic, geographical, socioeconomic, health-related, and environmental factors related to under-five mortality in both rural and urban areas of Punjab, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS We used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 of children aged between 0 and 59 months (n = 39,024), steered by the Punjab Bureau of Statistics. Children who died before reaching the age of five were considered as outcome variables. The bivariate relationship of the outcome variable with each socio-economic, demographic, health-seeking, and environmental variable is estimated with a P-value of <0.01. We used logistic regression analysis separately. Inclusive descriptive statistics were used for the detailed analysis, i.e., compare means, cross-tabulations, independent sample t-tests, and comparison across rural-urban areas. RESULTS Results showed that in the mother-level variables, mother education plays a substantial role in reducing mortality; the higher the level of education, the lower the mortality rate. CONCLUSION The study revealed that improving drinking water sources, such as tap and bottled water, can reduce the incidence of mortality, particularly in low-income households. Therefore, interventions targeting children are likely to be most effective for reducing the under-five mortality rate in Pakistan.
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Bryazka D, Reitsma MB, Abate YH, Abd Al Magied AHA, Abdelkader A, Abdollahi A, Abdoun M, Abdulkader RS, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Abhilash ES, Abiodun OO, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abreu LG, Abtahi D, Abualruz H, Abubakar B, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Adane MM, Adebiyi AO, Adegboye OA, Adekanmbi V, Adewuyi HO, Adnani QES, Adzigbli LA, Afaghi S, Afolabi AA, Afzal MS, Afzal S, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahlstrom AJ, Ahmad A, Ahmad D, Ahmad MM, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed MB, Ahmed S, Ajami M, Akkaif MA, Akter E, Al Awaidy S, Al Hasan SM, Al-Ajlouni Y, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam Z, Aldhaleei WA, Algammal AM, Al-Gheethi AAS, Alhabib KF, Alhalaiqa FN, Al-Hanawi MK, Ali A, Ali MU, Ali R, Ali SS, Ali W, Alif SM, Aljunid SM, Alla F, Allebeck P, Almahmeed W, Al-Marwani S, Al-Maweri S, Alomari MA, Alqahtani JS, Alqutaibi AY, Al-Raddadi RMM, Alrousan SM, Alsakarneh S, Alshahrani NZ, Altaany Z, Altaf A, Alvis-Guzman N, Al-Wardat M, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Aly S, Alyahya MSI, Alzoubi KH, Al-Zyoud WA, Amani R, Amin TT, Amiri S, Amu H, Amul GGH, Amusa GA, Anand T, Anderlini D, Anderson DB, Anderson JA, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Ansari MT, Anuoluwa IA, Anvari S, Anwar SL, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arafa EA, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Aregawi BB, Aremu O, Artamonov AA, Asgedom AA, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashemo MY, Ashraf T, Astell-Burt T, Athari SS, Atorkey P, Atreya A, Aujayeb A, Awotidebe AW, Ayano G, Aychiluhm SB, Azadnajafabad S, Azzam AY, Babu GR, Bahrami Taghanaki P, Bahramian S, Bai R, Bakkannavar SM, Balakrishnan S, Bam K, Banach M, Bandyopadhyay S, Baran MF, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Barker-Collo SL, Barrow A, Bashiru HA, Basiru A, Bastan MM, Basu S, Basu S, Batra K, Bayati M, Behnoush AH, Bell SL, Belo L, Beneke AA, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Beran A, Bermudez ANC, Beyene HB, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhala N, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bhattacharjee NV, Bhattacharjee P, Bhatti JS, Bilgin C, Biswas A, Biswas B, Boachie MK, Bogale EK, Bora Basara B, Borhany H, Bosoka SA, Bouaoud S, Boyko EJ, Brenner H, Brunoni AR, Bugiardini R, Bulamu NB, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Calina D, Cao C, Cao F, Capodici A, Cárdenas R, Carreras G, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Cattaruzza MS, Caye A, Cegolon L, Cenko E, Cerrai S, Chakraborty S, Chandika RM, Chandrasekar EK, Chattu VK, Chaudhary AA, Chaurasia A, Chen AT, Chen G, Chen H, Chen MX, Chen S, Cheng KJG, Chi G, Chichagi F, Chimoriya R, Chirinos-Caceres JL, Chitheer A, Chong B, Chong CL, Chong YY, Chopra H, Choudhari SG, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Chung SC, Chutiyami M, Conde J, Corlateanu A, Criqui MH, Cruz-Martins N, da Silva AG, Dadras O, Dai S, Dai X, Damiani G, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darcho SD, Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani R, Das S, Dash NR, Davletov K, Debele AT, Debopadhaya S, Demant D, Desai HD, Devegowda D, Dewan SMR, Dhali A, Dhane AS, Dhulipala VR, Do TC, Dodangeh M, Doegah PT, Dohare S, Dongarwar D, D'Oria M, Doshi OP, Doshi RP, Dowou RK, Dsouza AC, Dsouza HL, Dsouza VS, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Dziedzic AM, E'mar AR, Ebrahimi A, Ebrahimi N, Ebrahimi Kalan M, Edvardsson D, Edvardsson K, Efendi F, Effendi DE, Eghbali F, Ekholuenetale M, El Arab RA, El Bayoumy IF, El Sayed I, Elbarazi I, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Elmonem MA, ELNahas G, Elsohaby I, Eltaha C, Eltahir ME, Emamverdi M, Emeto TI, Erku DA, Etaee F, Ezenwankwo EF, Fabin N, Fagbamigbe AF, Fagbule OF, Faghani S, Fahim A, Fakhradiyev IR, Falzone L, Farooque U, Fatehizadeh A, Fatima Z, Fauk NK, Fazylov T, Feizkhah A, Fekadu G, Feng X, Ferrara P, Ferreira N, Feyisa BR, Filippidis FT, Fischer F, Flor LS, Foigt NA, Fortuna Rodrigues C, Foschi M, G S, Gaal PA, Gadanya MA, Gaidhane AM, Gajdács M, Gallus S, Gandhi AP, Ganesan B, Gautam P, Gautam RK, Gebregergis MW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremeskel TG, Getacher L, Ghadirian F, Ghazy RM, Gholamrezanezhad A, Ghorbani M, Ghozy S, Gil AU, Gil GF, Gnedovskaya EV, Goel S, Goharinezhad S, Goldust M, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Gorini G, Gouravani M, Grada A, Grivna M, Grover S, Guan SY, Gubari MIM, Guha A, Guicciardi S, Gulati S, Gunawardane DA, Gunturu S, Guo Z, Gupta AK, Gupta B, Gupta I, Gupta M, Gupta R, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta V, Gupta VK, Hadei M, Hadi NR, Hajj Ali A, Halboub ES, Hamdy NM, Hamidi S, Hammoud A, Hankey GJ, Hargono A, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hasan F, Hasan MK, Hasnain MS, Hassan A, Hassan II, Hassan S, Hay SI, Heibati B, Heidari M, Hemmati M, Hendrie D, Herteliu C, Heyi DZ, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hoan NQ, Holla R, Horita N, Hossain MM, Hossain S, Hosseinzadeh H, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Huang J, Humayun A, Hussain J, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ikeda N, Ikiroma A, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Immurana M, Inbaraj LR, Iqhrammullah M, Irham LM, Islam MR, Islam SMS, Islami F, Isola G, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Iyer M, J V, Jaafari J, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jaggi K, Jahanmehr N, Jain A, Jain N, Jairoun AA, Jaka S, Jakovljevic M, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh R, Jamshidi E, Janodia MD, Jawaid T, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jayasinghe RD, Jebai R, Jee SH, Jeswani BM, Jiang H, Jokar M, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, K V, Kabir A, Kabir Z, Kadashetti V, Kamarajah SK, Kanaan M, Kanmodi KK, Kant S, Kantar RS, Karakasis P, Karaye IM, Karimi SE, Karimi Y, Karimi Behnagh A, Karkhah S, Karki P, Kashoo FZ, Katikireddi SV, Kaur H, Kaur N, Kazemian S, Kazmi TH, Keiyoro PN, Kesse-Guyot E, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalaji A, Khalilian A, Khan A, Khan M, Khan MJ, Khan MAB, Khanmohammadi S, Khatab K, Khatatbeh H, Khatatbeh MM, Khater AM, Kheirallah KA, Khokhar M, Khormali M, Khosla AA, Khosravi S, Kim K, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kolahi AA, Komaki S, Kondlahalli SKMM, Korja M, Korzh O, Kosen S, Kostev K, Krishan K, Kuate Defo B, Kuddus M, Kujan O, Kulimbet M, Kumar A, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar R, Kumar V, Kundu A, Kundu S, Kunutsor SK, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, Kyei-Arthur F, Kytö V, La Vecchia C, Lahariya C, Lai DTC, Lai H, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Larijani B, Lasrado S, Lau J, Lauriola P, Le TTT, Leasher JL, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leong E, Lerango TL, Li A, Li W, Ligade VS, Lim SS, Lin J, Lindstedt PA, Liu G, Llanaj E, López-Gil JF, Lotufo PA, Lucchetti G, Lugo A, Lusk JB, M Amin HI, Ma ZF, Machoy M, Madadizadeh F, Mahmoudi E, Makram AM, Makram OM, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Mansouri P, Mansournia MA, Manu E, Marateb HR, Martinez-Raga J, Martorell M, Marzo RR, Mathangasinghe Y, Mathews E, Mathur M, Mathur N, Mattiello R, Maugeri A, McKee M, Mechili EA, Mehrotra R, Mekene Meto T, Mekonnen BD, Meles HN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Meo SA, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Meyers CCA, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Minervini G, Mirghafourvand M, Mirrakhimov EM, Mishra V, Misra S, Mithra P, Mohamed AI, Mohamed J, Mohamed MFH, Mohamed NS, Mohammad AM, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Mohammadzadeh I, Mohammed H, Mohammed S, Mohan S, Mokdad AH, Molavi Vardanjani H, Molinaro S, Momani S, Mondal H, Mons U, Moodi Ghalibaf A, Moradi M, Moreira RS, Morovatdar N, Morrison SD, Mougin V, Mukoro GD, Mulita F, Mullany EC, Muniyandi M, Munkhsaikhan Y, Murillo-Zamora E, Murray CJL, Myung W, Naghavi P, Naik GR, Najdaghi S, Najmuldeen HHR, Naldi L, Nambi G, Nangia V, Nansseu JR, Nargus S, Nascimento GG, Nashwan AJ, Natto ZS, Nauman J, Naveed M, Nawsherwan, Nayak BP, Nayak VC, Nazri-Panjaki A, Nduaguba SO, Negoi RI, Nejad Shahrokh Abadi R, Nejadghaderi SA, Nejjari C, Neupane S, Ng M, Ngunjiri JW, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HTH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Nigatu YT, Nikolouzakis TK, Nikoobar A, Nikravangolsefid N, Niranjan V, Nnaji CA, Nnyanzi LA, Noman EA, Nomura S, Noor STA, Noreen M, Nozari M, Nugen F, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Obamiro KO, Odetokun IA, Odo DBO, Odukoya OO, Oduro MS, Oguta JO, Oh IH, Okati-Aliabad H, Okeke SR, Okekunle AP, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olasupo OO, Olatubi MI, Oliveira GMM, Olorukooba AA, Omer GL, Ong SK, Opejin AO, Ordak M, Orish VN, Ortiz-Prado E, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov SS, Ouyahia A, P A MP, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Pak A, Palma-Alvarez RF, Pan HF, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Panos LD, Pantazopoulos I, Pantea Stoian A, Papadopoulou P, Pardhan S, Parija PP, Parikh RR, Park EK, Park S, Parsons N, Passera R, Patel J, Patel SK, Patil S, Patwary H, Pawar S, Peprah P, Pereira G, Perianayagam A, Pestell RG, Petermann-Rocha FE, Pham T, Philip AK, Phillips MR, Poddighe D, Polibin RV, Poluru R, Porru F, Pourshams A, Pradhan J, Pradhan PMS, Prasad M, Prashant A, Prates EJS, Pribadi DRA, Purohit BM, Puvvula J, Qattea I, Radhakrishnan V, Raggi C, Raghav P, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahman MM, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani S, Rahmanian M, Rahmanian N, Rajendran V, Rajpoot PL, Rajput P, Ram P, Ramadan MM, Ramadan M, Rana K, Rana RK, Ranabhat CL, Rao SJ, Rashedi S, Rashid AM, Rashidi MM, Rasouli-Saravani A, Rathish D, Rauniyar SK, Rautalin I, Ravikumar N, Rawaf S, Reddy MMRK, Redwan EMM, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Riad A, Rodrigues M, Rodrigues da Silva TPR, Rodriguez JAB, Roever L, Root KT, Roshandel G, Ross AG, Rout HS, Roy B, Roy N, Roy S, Ruela GDA, S N C, Sabet CJ, Sabour S, Sadarangani KP, Saddik BA, Sadeghi M, Saeb MR, Saeed U, Saeedi P, Safi SZ, Sagoe D, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Sahebkar A, Sahoo SS, Sajib MRUZ, Sajid MR, Salaroli LB, Saleh MA, Salem MZY, Salihu D, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sao Jose BP, Saqib MAN, Sarasmita MA, Saravanan A, Saravi B, Sarikhani Y, Sarkar T, Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Sartorius B, Sathian B, Sathyanarayan A, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schaarschmidt BM, Schaub MP, Schlaich MP, Schmidt MI, Schuermans A, Schumacher AE, Selvaraj S, Semreen MH, Senthilkumaran S, Sepanlou SG, Sethi Y, Seyedi SA, Seylani A, Shafie M, Shafiee A, Shahbandi A, Shahid S, Shahsavari HR, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh A, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shamim MA, Shamsi A, Shamsutdinova A, Shanawaz M, Shankar A, Shannawaz M, Sharath M, Sharifan A, Sharma M, Sharma U, Sharma V, Sheikh A, Sheikhy A, Shetty M, Shetty PH, Shetty PK, Shiferaw D, Shimels T, Shiri R, Shittu A, Shiue I, Shivarov V, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Siddig EE, Silva JP, Singh A, Singh B, Singh H, Singh JA, Singh P, Singh P, Singh S, Singh V, Sitas F, Smith AE, Soboka M, Solanki R, Solmi M, Soraneh S, Soriano JB, Soyiri IN, Spartalis M, Sreeramareddy CT, Stachteas P, Stein DJ, Steiropoulos P, Stevanović A, Straif K, Suleman M, Sulo G, Sun Z, Suresh V, Swain CK, Szarpak L, T Y SS, Tabaee Damavandi P, Tabatabaei Malazy O, Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Tabche C, Tadakamadla J, Tadakamadla SK, Taiba J, Talaat IM, Talukder A, Tampa M, Tamuzi JLJL, Tan KK, Tareke M, Tarigan IU, Teimoori M, Temsah MH, Temsah RMH, Teramoto M, Terefa DR, Thangaraju P, Thankappan KR, Thapar R, Thayakaran R, Thomas NK, Ticoalu JHV, Tiwari K, Topor-Madry R, Tovani-Palone MR, Trabelsi K, Tran AT, Tran NH, Tran TH, Tran Minh Duc N, Trihandini I, Tripathy JP, Truyen TTTT, Tsermpini EE, Tualeka AR, Udoakang AJ, Udoh A, Ullah A, Ullah S, Umair M, Unim B, Unnikrishnan B, Usman JS, Vahdati S, Vaithinathan AG, Van den Eynde J, Vardavas C, Vasankari TJ, Vaziri S, Vellingiri B, Venketasubramanian N, Verma M, Villeneuve PJ, Vinayak M, Violante FS, Vladimirov SK, Volovat SR, Wadood A, Waheed Y, Walde MT, Wang S, Wang Y, Waqas M, Wickramasinghe ND, Willeit P, Wojewodzic MW, Wolde AA, Wonde TE, Xiao H, Xu S, Yadav MK, Yamagishi K, Yang D, Yang L, Yano Y, Yarahmadi A, Yesodharan R, Yezli S, Yi X, Yiğit A, Yin D, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Yu C, Yuan CW, Zakham F, Zeariya MGM, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhong CC, Zhou SC, Zhu B, Zielińska M, Zoghi G, Zyoud SH, Vollset SE, Gakidou E. Forecasting the effects of smoking prevalence scenarios on years of life lost and life expectancy from 2022 to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Public Health 2024; 9:e729-e744. [PMID: 39366729 PMCID: PMC11447278 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is the leading behavioural risk factor for mortality globally, accounting for more than 175 million deaths and nearly 4·30 billion years of life lost (YLLs) from 1990 to 2021. The pace of decline in smoking prevalence has slowed in recent years for many countries, and although strategies have recently been proposed to achieve tobacco-free generations, none have been implemented to date. Assessing what could happen if current trends in smoking prevalence persist, and what could happen if additional smoking prevalence reductions occur, is important for communicating the effect of potential smoking policies. METHODS In this analysis, we use the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's Future Health Scenarios platform to forecast the effects of three smoking prevalence scenarios on all-cause and cause-specific YLLs and life expectancy at birth until 2050. YLLs were computed for each scenario using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 reference life table and forecasts of cause-specific mortality under each scenario. The reference scenario forecasts what could occur if past smoking prevalence and other risk factor trends continue, the Tobacco Smoking Elimination as of 2023 (Elimination-2023) scenario quantifies the maximum potential future health benefits from assuming zero percent smoking prevalence from 2023 onwards, whereas the Tobacco Smoking Elimination by 2050 (Elimination-2050) scenario provides estimates for countries considering policies to steadily reduce smoking prevalence to 5%. Together, these scenarios underscore the magnitude of health benefits that could be reached by 2050 if countries take decisive action to eliminate smoking. The 95% uncertainty interval (UI) of estimates is based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of draws that were carried through the multistage computational framework. FINDINGS Global age-standardised smoking prevalence was estimated to be 28·5% (95% UI 27·9-29·1) among males and 5·96% (5·76-6·21) among females in 2022. In the reference scenario, smoking prevalence declined by 25·9% (25·2-26·6) among males, and 30·0% (26·1-32·1) among females from 2022 to 2050. Under this scenario, we forecast a cumulative 29·3 billion (95% UI 26·8-32·4) overall YLLs among males and 22·2 billion (20·1-24·6) YLLs among females over this period. Life expectancy at birth under this scenario would increase from 73·6 years (95% UI 72·8-74·4) in 2022 to 78·3 years (75·9-80·3) in 2050. Under our Elimination-2023 scenario, we forecast 2·04 billion (95% UI 1·90-2·21) fewer cumulative YLLs by 2050 compared with the reference scenario, and life expectancy at birth would increase to 77·6 years (95% UI 75·1-79·6) among males and 81·0 years (78·5-83·1) among females. Under our Elimination-2050 scenario, we forecast 735 million (675-808) and 141 million (131-154) cumulative YLLs would be avoided among males and females, respectively. Life expectancy in 2050 would increase to 77·1 years (95% UI 74·6-79·0) among males and 80·8 years (78·3-82·9) among females. INTERPRETATION Existing tobacco policies must be maintained if smoking prevalence is to continue to decline as forecast by the reference scenario. In addition, substantial smoking-attributable burden can be avoided by accelerating the pace of smoking elimination. Implementation of new tobacco control policies are crucial in avoiding additional smoking-attributable burden in the coming decades and to ensure that the gains won over the past three decades are not lost. FUNDING Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Umair M, Ahmed Z, Shaker B, Bilal M, Al Abdulrahman A, Khan H, Jawad Khan M, Alfadhel M. A novel homozygous FAM92A gene (CIBAR1) variant further confirms its association with non-syndromic postaxial polydactyly type A9 (PAPA9). Clin Genet 2024; 106:488-493. [PMID: 38853702 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Polydactyly is a very common digit anomaly, having extra digits in hands and/or toes. Non-syndromic polydactyly in both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive forms are caused by disease-causing variants in several genes, including GLI1, GLI3, ZNF141, FAM92A, IQCE, KIAA0825, MIPOL1, STKLD1, PITX1, and DACH1. Whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by bi-directional Sanger sequencing was performed for the single affected individual (II-1) of the family to reveal the disease causative variant/gene. 3D protein modeling and structural molecular docking was performed to determine the effect of the identified mutation on the overall protein structure. WES revealed a novel biallelic missense variant (c.472G>C; p.Ala158Pro) in exon 6 of the FAM92A gene. The identified variant segregated perfectly with the disease phenotype using Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, Insilco analysis revealed that the variant significantly changes the protein secondary structure, and substantially impact the stability of FAM92A. We report the second FAM92A disease-causing mutation associated with recessive non-syndromic postaxial polydactyly. The data further confirms the contribution of FAM92A in limb development and patterning.
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Feigin VL, Abate MD, Abate YH, Abd ElHafeez S, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdelkader A, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdi P, Abdollahi A, Abdoun M, Abd-Rabu R, Abdulah DM, Abdullahi A, Abebe M, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Abhilash ES, Abiodun OO, Abiodun O, Abo Kasem R, Aboagye RG, Abouzid M, Abreu LG, Abrha WA, Abtahi D, Abu Rumeileh S, Abualhasan A, Abualruz H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abukhadijah HJ, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Acuna JM, Adane DE, Adane MM, Addo IY, Adedoyin RA, Adegboye OA, Adekanmbi V, Adhikari K, Adnani QES, Adra S, Adzigbli LA, Afify AY, Afolabi AA, Afrashteh F, Afzal MS, Afzal S, Aghamiri S, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad MM, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadzade AM, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed SA, Ajami M, Aji B, Akara EM, Akinyemi RO, Akkaif MA, Akrami AE, Al Awaidy S, Al Hamad H, Al Hasan SM, Al Qadire M, Al Ta'ani O, Al-Ajlouni Y, Alalalmeh SO, Alalwan TA, Al-Aly Z, Al-amer RM, Aldhaleei WA, Aldossary MS, Alemohammad SY, Al-Fatly B, Al-Gheethi AAS, Alhalaiqa FN, Alharrasi M, Ali A, Ali MU, Ali R, Ali SS, Ali W, Al-Ibraheem A, Alif SM, Aljunid SM, Almahmeed W, Al-Marwani S, Alomari MA, Alonso J, Alqahtani JS, Al-Raddadi RMM, Alrawashdeh A, Alsabri MA, Alshahrani NZ, Altaany Z, Altaf A, Al-Tammemi AB, Altwalbeh D, Alvis-Guzman N, Alwafi H, Al-Wardat M, Al-Worafi YM, Aly H, Aly S, Alyahya MSI, Alzoubi KH, Al-Zyoud WA, Amani R, Amegbor PM, Amera TG, Amin TT, Amindarolzarbi A, Amiri S, Amu H, Amugsi DA, Amusa GA, Ancuceanu R, Anderlini D, Angappan D, Anil A, Ansari MTT, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Ansong R, Anvari S, Anwar S, Anwar SL, Anyabolo EE, Anyasodor AE, Apostol GLC, Appiah F, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arabzadeh Bahri R, Arafat M, Aravkin AY, Ardekani A, Areda D, Aregawi BB, Aregu GM, Aremu O, Arifin H, Ärnlöv J, Artamonov AA, Arulappan J, Aryal UR, Aryan Z, Asbeutah AM, Asemahagn MA, Asemu MT, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Ashemo MY, Ashraf T, Aslani A, Asmerom HA, Astell-Burt T, Athari SS, Atorkey P, Atout MMW, Atreya A, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Avan A, Awad H, Awotidebe AW, Ayana LAA, Aychiluhm SB, Aynalem AA, Aynalem ZB, Azadnajafabad S, Azami H, Aziz S, Azzam AY, Babu AS, Babu GR, Badar M, Badiye AD, Bahrami Taghanaki P, Bahramian S, Bai R, Baig AA, Bakkannavar SM, Bako AT, Baltatu OC, Bam K, Banach M, Banakar M, Bandyopadhyay S, Banik PC, Bansal K, Bao Y, Barboza MA, Bardhan M, Barengo NC, Barker-Collo SL, Bärnighausen TW, Barqawi HJ, Barrow A, Barua L, Bashiri A, Bashiru HA, Basiru A, Bastan MM, Basu S, Basu S, Batra K, Begde A, Behnam B, Behnoush AH, Belayneh MBY, Belingheri M, Bello UM, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Berhe FT, Bermudez ANC, Beyene HBB, Beyene KA, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhala N, Bhalla A, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bhat V, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JSS, Bhuiyan MA, Bhusal S, Bikbov B, Bilgin C, Biondi A, Bishaw KA, Biswas A, Biswas B, Bodhare T, Bogale EK, Boloor A, Bonakdar Hashemi M, Bonny A, Bora Basara B, Borhany H, Bosoka SA, Bouaoud S, Bouyahya A, Boyko EJ, Bozic MM, Braithwaite D, Breitner S, Brenner H, Britton G, Brunoni AR, Bryazka D, Bugiardini R, Bulto LN, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LA, Campos LA, Campos-Nonato IR, Cao F, Capodici A, Cárdenas R, Carr S, Carreras G, Carvalho AF, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia JM, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castelpietra G, Catapano AL, Cattaruzza MS, Cegolon L, Cembranel F, Cenko E, Cerin E, Chadwick J, Chakraborty C, Chakraborty S, Chan JSK, Chandika RM, Chandrasekar EK, Chanie GS, Chattu VK, Chaudhary AA, Chaurasia A, Chen H, Chen M, Chen S, Chi G, Chichagi F, Chimoriya R, Ching PR, Chitheer A, Cho SMJ, Choi DW, Chong B, Chong CL, Chopra H, Choudhari SG, Choudhary R, Chu DT, Chukwu IS, Chung SC, Cindi Z, Cioffi I, Cogen RM, Columbus A, Costanzo S, Couto RAS, Criqui MH, Cruz-Martins N, Cuadra-Hernández SM, da Silva AG, Dadana S, Dadras O, Dai X, Dalal K, Dalli LL, Damiani G, D'Amico E, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwish AH, Das S, Dashti M, Dashtkoohi M, Dashtkoohi M, Dastmardi M, Davletov K, De la Cruz-Góngora V, DeAngelo S, Debele AT, Debopadhaya S, Delgado-Enciso I, Demessa BH, Demetriades AK, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dervišević E, Desai HD, Desale AT, Desta F, Devanbu VGC, Devegowda D, Dewan SMR, Dhane AS, Dhimal M, Dhulipala VR, Diaz MJ, Diress M, Dodangeh M, Doegah PT, Dohare S, Doheim MF, Dokova KG, Dongarwar D, D'Oria M, Doshi OP, Doshi RP, Douiri A, Dowou RK, Dsouza AC, Dsouza HL, Dsouza VS, Duncan BB, Duraes AR, Dziedzic AM, Ekholuenetale M, El Bayoumy IF, El Sayed Zaki M, Elbarazi I, El-Dahiyat F, Elgendy IY, Elhadi M, El-Huneidi W, Elmonem MA, Elmoselhi AB, Eltaha C, Emeto TI, Esezobor CI, Esfandiari N, Esmaeili Z, Esposito F, Etoom M, Fabin N, Fadhil I, Fagbamigbe AF, Fagbule OF, Faghani S, Fahim A, Fakhradiyev IR, Falzone L, Fareed M, Fares J, Farinha CSES, Faris MEM, Faris PS, Farjoud Kouhanjani M, Faro A, Farrokhpour H, Fasanmi AO, Fauk NK, Fazeli P, Fazylov T, Feizkhah A, Fekadu G, Feng X, Fereshtehnejad SM, Ferrara P, Ferreira N, Fetensa G, Feyisa BR, Fischer F, Flor LS, Foley KM, Fonseca AC, Foroumadi R, Foroutan B, Fortuna D, Foschi M, Franklin RC, Fridayani NKY, G S, Gaal PA, Gaidhane AM, Gaipov A, Galali Y, Gallus S, Gandhi AP, Ganesan B, Gasevic D, Gautam P, Gautam RK, Gebregergis MW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebrekidan KG, Getacher L, Getahun GK, Getie M, Ghadimi DJ, Ghadirian F, Ghaffari Jolfayi A, Ghafourifard M, Ghasemi MR, Ghasemzadeh A, Ghazy RM, Gholami E, Gholami Z, Ghozy S, Giannoni Luza S, Gilani JA, Gill TK, Gillum RF, Gindaba EZ, Gnedovskaya EV, Goel A, Goldust M, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Gona PN, Gorini G, Goulart AC, Goulart BNG, Gouravani M, Grivna M, Grosso G, Grover A, Guan SY, Guarducci G, Guha A, Guicciardi S, Gulati S, Gunawardane DA, Guo C, Guo Z, Gupta AK, Gupta B, Gupta M, Gupta R, Gupta RD, Gupta R, Gupta S, Habibzadeh F, Hadi NR, Haghani Dogahe M, Haghi-Aminjan H, Haghmorad D, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halimi A, Hamdy NM, Hamidi S, Hamilton EB, Hanif A, Hanifi N, Hankey GJ, Hannan MA, Haq ZA, Hargono A, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Has EMM, Hasaballah AI, Hasan I, Hasnain MS, Hassan I, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei MS, Haubold J, Havmoeller RJ, Hay SI, Hbid Y, Hebert JJ, Hegazi OE, Heidari M, Hemmati M, Heyi DZ, Hezam K, Hiraike Y, Hoan NQ, Holla R, Horita N, Hossain MM, Hosseinzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M, Hosseinzadeh Adli A, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Hu B, Hu C, Huang J, Humayun A, Hussain S, Huy LD, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ikeda N, Ikiroma A, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Imam MT, Immurana M, Inbaraj LR, Iqhrammullah M, Iradukunda A, Irham LM, Islam MR, Ismail F, Ismail NE, Iso H, Isola G, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Iwu CDCD, J V, Jaafari J, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jahrami H, Jain A, Jain N, Jairoun AA, Jaiswal A, Jakovljevic M, Jalilzadeh Yengejeh R, Janakiraman B, Jatau AI, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jee SH, Jeganathan J, Jegnie M, Jema AT, Jeswani BM, Jeyakumar A, Jha AK, Jha RP, Ji Z, Jiang H, Jin S, Jin Y, Jokar M, Jonas JB, Joo T, Jose J, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kabir MA, Kabir Z, Kadashetti V, Kalani R, Kalra S, Kamal VK, Kamireddy A, Kan H, Kanaan M, Kandel H, Kanmodi KK, Kantar RS, Kapoor N, Karakasis P, Karaye IM, Karch A, Karimi H, Karimi SE, Karimi Y, Karimi Behnagh A, Karki P, Kasraei H, Kauppila JH, Kaur H, Kaydi N, Kayode GA, Kazemi F, Kazemian S, Kesse-Guyot E, Khader YS, Khafaie MA, Khaing IK, Khajuria H, Khalaji A, Khalid N, Khalil AA, Khan A, Khan F, Khan MN, Khan M, Khan MJ, Khan MAB, Khan YH, Khanmohammadi S, Khatab K, Khatatbeh H, Khatatbeh MM, Khateri S, Khatib MN, Khayamzadeh M, Khayat Kashani HR, Khidri FF, Khokhar M, Khosla AA, Khosravi M, Khubchandani J, Kian S, Kim K, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kolahi AA, Koly KN, Kompani F, Kondlahalli SKMM, Korja M, Korshunov VA, Korzh O, Kosen S, Kostev K, Kothari N, Kotnis AL, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Krishan K, Krishna V, Krishnamoorthy V, Krishnan B, Kruja J, Kuate Defo B, Kucuk Bicer B, Kuddus MA, Kuddus M, Kugbey N, Kulimbet M, Kulkarni V, Kumar A, Kumar A, Kumar D, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar R, Kumaran D S, Kundu A, Kundu S, Kunutsor SK, Kurmi OP, Kusuma D, Kutikuppala LVS, Kuttikkattu A, Kytö V, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lahariya C, Lal DK, Lallukka T, Lám J, Landires I, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Latifinaibin K, Lauriola P, Lavados PM, Lawal BK, Le LKD, Le NHH, Le TTT, Le TDT, Lee PH, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YH, Li MC, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Lim LL, Lim SS, Lin JC, Lindholm D, Linn S, Liu G, Liu R, Liu S, Liu X, Liu X, Llanaj E, Lo CH, Lo WD, Lohner V, López-Gil JF, Lorenzovici L, Lorkowski S, Lotufo PA, Lucchetti G, Luo L, Lusk JB, Ma ZF, Machoy M, Madadizadeh F, Maddison R, Mahmoudi E, Mahmoudvand G, Makram OM, Malakan Rad E, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Malta DC, Mamun AA, Manla Y, Mansouri MH, Mansouri P, Mansouri V, Mansournia MA, Mantovani LG, Manu E, Marateb HR, Marjani A, Martini D, Martini S, Martorell M, Maryam S, Marzo RR, Masrie A, Mathangasinghe Y, Maulik PK, Mayeli M, Mazidi M, McKee M, McPhail SM, Mechili EA, Mehmood A, Mehrabani-Zeinabad K, Mekene Meto T, Meles HN, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mensah GA, Meo SA, Meretoja A, Meretoja TJ, Mestrovic T, Mettananda CDK, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá AC, Minervini G, Minh LHN, Mini GK, Mirghafourvand M, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mishra M, Misra S, Mithra P, Mohamed AI, Mohamed J, Mohamed NS, Mohammad AM, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi S, Mohammadi S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadzadeh I, Mohammed H, Mohammed M, Mohammed S, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Molavi Vardanjani H, Molokhia M, Momani S, Monasta L, Moni MA, Montazeri F, Moodi Ghalibaf A, Moosazadeh M, Moradi M, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morawska L, Moreira RS, Morrison SD, Mosaddeghi Heris R, Mossialos E, Mousavi P, Msherghi A, Mubarik S, Muccioli L, Mulita A, Muniyandi M, Munjal K, Murillo-Zamora E, Muthu S, Myung W, Nabavi A, Nabhan AF, Nafei A, Nagarajan AJ, Naghavi P, Naik GR, Naik G, Naimzada MD, Nair S, Nair TS, Najdaghi S, Najmuldeen HHR, Nakhostin Ansari N, Nangia V, Narasimha Swamy S, Nargus S, Narimani Davani D, Nascimento BR, Nascimento GG, Nasrollahizadeh A, Nasrollahizadeh A, Natto ZS, Nauman J, Navaratna SNK, Nayak BP, Nayak VC, Nazri-Panjaki A, Ndejjo R, Negoi I, Negoi RI, Nejadghaderi SA, Nejjari C, Nematollahi MH, Nepal S, Newton CRJ, Nguyen DH, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HTH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen NNY, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Nigatu YT, Nikravangolsefid N, Ningrum DNA, Nnaji CA, Nnyanzi LA, Nomura S, Noor STA, Norrving B, Nawsherwan N, Noubiap JJ, Nri-Ezedi CA, Ntaios G, Ntsekhe M, Nugen F, Nurchis MC, Nurrika D, Nzoputam CI, Nzoputam OJ, Oancea B, Obamiro KO, Odetokun IA, O'Donnell MJ, Oguta JO, Oh IH, Ojo-Akosile TR, Okati-Aliabad H, Okeke SR, Okekunle AP, Okidi L, Okonji OC, Oladnabi M, Olagunju AT, Olaiya MT, Olalusi OV, Olasehinde TA, Olasupo OO, Olatubi MI, Oliveira AB, Oliveira GMM, Olorukooba AA, Olufadewa II, Oluwafemi YDD, Oluwatunase GO, Omar HA, Omar Bali A, O'Neil AE, Ong SK, Onwujekwe OE, Opejin AO, Ordak M, Ornello R, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Ortiz A, Ortiz-Prado E, Osman WMS, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, Oyeyemi IT, Ozair A, P A MP, Pacheco-Barrios K, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Palicz T, Palma-Alvarez RF, Pan F, Panda-Jonas S, Pande Katare D, Pandey A, Pandey A, Pandi-Perumal SR, Panos LD, Pantazopoulos I, Papadopoulou P, Pardhan S, Parija PP, Parikh RR, Parsons N, Passera R, Patoulias D, Paudel U, Pawar S, Peden AE, Pedersini P, Peprah P, Pereira MO, Peres MFP, Perianayagam A, Perico N, Perna S, Pestell RG, Petcu IR, Petermann-Rocha FE, Pham HN, Pham HT, Phillips MR, Pilgrim T, Piradov MA, Pirouzpanah S, Plotnikov E, Poddighe D, Poluru R, Popovic DS, Postma MJ, Pourshams A, Pourtaheri N, Pradhan J, Pradhan PMS, Prakash V, Prasad M, Prates EJS, Pribadi DRA, Puvvula J, Qattea I, Qian G, Qiao Y, Raggi A, Raghav PR, Raghuveer P, Rahim F, Rahim MJ, Rahimifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MM, Rahman MHU, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rahmanian M, Rahmanian N, Rahmanian V, Rahmati R, Rahmawaty S, Raj GM, 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Saya GK, Sayeed MA, Sayyah M, Scarmeas N, Schaarschmidt BM, Schlaich MP, Schmidt MI, Schneider IJC, Schuermans A, Schumacher AE, Schutte AE, Schwebel DC, Selvaraj S, Sen P, Senapati S, Senthilkumaran S, Sergindo MT, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shafie M, Shah PA, Shahabi S, Shahbandi A, Shahid S, Shahsavari HR, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Shalash AS, Shamim MA, Shams-Beyranvand M, Shamsi A, Shamsutdinova A, Shanawaz M, Shannawaz M, Sharath M, Sharifan A, Sharifi A, Sharifi-Rad J, Sharma A, Sharma M, Sharma S, Sharma U, Sharma V, Sheikhi RA, Shetty A, Shetty M, Shetty PK, Shiferaw D, Shigematsu M, Shimels T, Shin MJ, Shiri R, Shittu A, Shitu AKO, Shiue I, Shorofi SA, Shrestha S, Shuval K, Si Y, Siddig EE, Sikdar M, Silva JP, Silva LMLR, Singh A, Singh B, Singh G, Singh H, Singh JA, Singh K, Singh NP, Singh P, Singh P, Sipilä JOT, Sivakumar S, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Sleet DA, Sobia F, Socea B, Sohag AAM, Solanki R, Solanki S, Solomon Y, Song Y, Soraneh S, Sorensen RJD, Sotoudeh H, Soyiri IN, Spartalis M, Sreeramareddy CT, Srinivasamurthy SK, Stachteas P, Stafford LK, Stark BA, Starodubova AV, Subedi N, Subramaniyan V, Suleman M, Sultana A, Sun Z, Sundström J, Suresh V, Susanty S, Swain CK, Szarpak L, T Y SS, Tabaee Damavandi P, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabatabaei SM, Tabatabai S, Tabche C, Tabish M, Tadakamadla J, Tadakamadla SK, Taheri A, Taiba J, Talaat IM, Talukder A, Tampa M, Tamuzi JL, Tan KK, Tang H, Tanwar M, Tarigan IU, Tarkang EE, Tat NY, Tavangar SM, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Teimoori M, Temsah MH, Temsah RMH, Teramoto M, Tesfamariam WB, Tesfaye Gta EG, Thakur R, Thangaraju P, Thapa R, Thapar R, Thayakaran R, Thirunavukkarasu S, Thomas J, Thomas NKK, Thrift AG, Tian J, Tichopad A, Ticoalu JHV, Tiruneh C, Tiwari K, Tiyuri A, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Tovani-Palone MR, Trabelsi K, Tran NH, Tran TH, Tran Minh Duc N, Trico D, Tromans SJ, Truyen TTTT, Tsai DHT, Tsatsakis A, Tsermpini EE, Turuse EAA, Tyrovolas S, Udoakang AJ, Udoh A, Ullah A, Ullah S, Umair M, Umar M, Unim B, Unnikrishnan B, Urso D, Usman JS, Vacante M, Vahabi SM, Vahdati S, Vaithinathan AG, Vakili O, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Varga O, Varthya SB, Vasankari TJ, Vellingiri B, Venketasubramanian N, Verma M, Veroux M, Verras GI, Vervoort D, Villafañe JH, Villani S, Vinayak M, Viskadourou M, Volovat SR, Volovici V, Wafa HA, Waheed Y, Wahood W, Wang C, Wang F, Wang S, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang YP, Wanjau MN, Waqas M, Wassie EG, Wassie GT, Wei Z, Weintraub RG, Weldetinsaa HL, Wickramasinghe DP, Wickramasinghe ND, Wijeratne T, Willeit P, Wolfe CDA, Wong YJ, Wongsin U, Wu C, Wu F, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xiao H, Xu S, Xu X, Yamagishi K, Yang D, Yano Y, Yarahmadi A, Yaribeygi H, Yasufuku Y, Yatsuya H, Yazdanpanah F, Yazdanpanah MH, Ye P, Yesodharan R, Yezli S, Yi S, Yi X, Yin D, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Yu EA, Yun K, Yusuf H, Zadey S, Zafari N, Zaman BA, Zaman SB, Zanghì A, Zare I, Zarimeidani F, Zarrintan A, Zastrozhin M, Zemedikun D, Zeng Y, Zhang B, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhong CC, Zhou SC, Zhu B, Zhu L, Zhumagaliuly A, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zoghi G, Zyoud SH, Zyoud SH, Johnson CO, Roth GA, Nair BS, Rautalin I, Bhati A, Bisignano C, Vos T, Murray CJL. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Neurol 2024; 23:973-1003. [PMID: 39304265 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990-2021. METHODS We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 people per year for overall stroke, ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, and subarachnoid haemorrhage, for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. We also calculated burden of stroke attributable to 23 risk factors and six risk clusters (air pollution, tobacco smoking, behavioural, dietary, environmental, and metabolic risks) at the global and regional levels (21 GBD regions and Socio-demographic Index [SDI] quintiles), using the standard GBD methodology. 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for each individual future estimate were derived from the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of distributions generated from propagating 500 draws through the multistage computational pipeline. FINDINGS In 2021, stroke was the third most common GBD level 3 cause of death (7·3 million [95% UI 6·6-7·8] deaths; 10·7% [9·8-11·3] of all deaths) after ischaemic heart disease and COVID-19, and the fourth most common cause of DALYs (160·5 million [147·8-171·6] DALYs; 5·6% [5·0-6·1] of all DALYs). In 2021, there were 93·8 million (89·0-99·3) prevalent and 11·9 million (10·7-13·2) incident strokes. We found disparities in stroke burden and risk factors by GBD region, country or territory, and SDI, as well as a stagnation in the reduction of incidence from 2015 onwards, and even some increases in the stroke incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY rates in southeast Asia, east Asia, and Oceania, countries with lower SDI, and people younger than 70 years. Globally, ischaemic stroke constituted 65·3% (62·4-67·7), intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 28·8% (28·3-28·8), and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 5·8% (5·7-6·0) of incident strokes. There were substantial increases in DALYs attributable to high BMI (88·2% [53·4-117·7]), high ambient temperature (72·4% [51·1 to 179·5]), high fasting plasma glucose (32·1% [26·7-38·1]), diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages (23·4% [12·7-35·7]), low physical activity (11·3% [1·8-34·9]), high systolic blood pressure (6·7% [2·5-11·6]), lead exposure (6·5% [4·5-11·2]), and diet low in omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (5·3% [0·5-10·5]). INTERPRETATION Stroke burden has increased from 1990 to 2021, and the contribution of several risk factors has also increased. Effective, accessible, and affordable measures to improve stroke surveillance, prevention (with the emphasis on blood pressure, lifestyle, and environmental factors), acute care, and rehabilitation need to be urgently implemented across all countries to reduce stroke burden. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Rawlins LE, Maroofian R, Cannon SJ, Daana M, Zamani M, Ghani S, Leslie JS, Ubeyratna N, Khan N, Khan H, Scardamaglia A, Cloarec R, Khan SA, Umair M, Sadeghian S, Galehdari H, Al-Maawali A, Al-Kindi A, Azizimalamiri R, Shariati G, Ahmad F, Al-Futaisi A, Rodriguez Cruz PM, Salazar-Villacorta A, Ndiaye M, Diop AG, Sedaghat A, Saberi A, Hamid M, Zaki MS, Vona B, Owrang D, Alhashem AM, Obeid M, Khan A, Beydoun A, Najjar M, Tajsharghi H, Zifarelli G, Bauer P, Hakami WS, Hashem AMA, Boustany RMN, Burglen L, Alavi S, Gunning AC, Owens M, Karimiani EG, Gleeson JG, Milh M, Salah S, Khan J, Haucke V, Wright CF, McGavin L, Elpeleg O, Shabbir MI, Houlden H, Ebner M, Baple EL, Crosby AH. Elucidating the clinical and genetic spectrum of inositol polyphosphate phosphatase INPP4A-related neurodevelopmental disorder. Genet Med 2024:101278. [PMID: 39315527 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Biallelic INPP4A variants have recently been associated with severe neurodevelopmental disease in single case reports. Here, we expand and elucidate the clinical-genetic spectrum and provide a pathomechanistic explanation for genotype-phenotype correlations. METHODS Clinical and genomic investigations of 30 individuals were undertaken alongside molecular and in silico modelling and translation reinitiation studies. RESULTS We characterize a clinically variable disorder with cardinal features including global developmental delay, severe-profound intellectual disability, microcephaly, limb weakness, cerebellar signs and short stature. A more severe presentation associated with biallelic INPP4A variants downstream of exon 4 has additional features of (ponto)cerebellar hypoplasia, reduced cerebral volume, peripheral spasticity, contractures, intractable seizures and cortical visual impairment. Our studies identify the likely pathomechanism of this genotype-phenotype correlation entailing translational reinitiation in exon 4 resulting in an N-terminal truncated INPP4A protein retaining partial functionality, associated with less severe disease. We also identified identical reinitiation site conservation in Inpp4a-/- mouse models displaying similar genotype-phenotype correlation. Additionally, we show fibroblasts from a single affected individual exhibit disrupted endocytic trafficking pathways, indicating the potential biological basis of the condition. CONCLUSION Our studies comprehensively characterise INPP4A-related neurodevelopmental disorder and suggest genotype-specific clinical assessment guidelines. We propose the potential mechanistic basis of observed genotype-phenotype correlations entails exon 4 translation reinitiation.
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Yang H, Umair M. Polluting industries: Does green industrial policy encourage green innovation? Chinese perspective evidence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36634. [PMID: 39263134 PMCID: PMC11387372 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the efficacy of green industrial policies in stimulating green innovation within China's polluting industries, over the period 2011-2022. Focusing on 30 provinces, we assess the dynamic relationship between green industrial policy implementation and innovation in environmentally detrimental sectors. Employing Difference-in-Differences (DID) and Propensity Score Matching DID (PSM-DID) models, we analyze comprehensive provincial-level data to quantify the impact of policy measures on green technological advancements. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between green industrial policies and the rate of green innovation, particularly in regions with higher pollution levels. These findings suggest that well-structured green industrial policies can serve as effective catalysts for fostering sustainable technological innovations in polluting industries. Policy implications highlight the necessity of targeted, region-specific approaches to maximize the potential of green industrial policies in promoting environmental sustainability and economic growth.
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Siddique SN, Anwar MA, Zaman H, Haider I, Ahmad A, Umair M, Baig MA. Quality Assessment of Periapical Radiographs Taken by Dental Assistants Using the Recent Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) Guidelines. Cureus 2024; 16:e68508. [PMID: 39364472 PMCID: PMC11447568 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periapical radiographs play a pivotal role in dentistry, offering invaluable insights essential for various dental procedures. OBJECTIVE This study aims to systematically assess the quality of intraoral periapical (IOPA) radiographs evaluating adherence to the recent guidelines established by the Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP). METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University College of Dentistry (UCD), employing a non-probability consecutive sampling technique to acquire a calculated sample of 300 IOPA radiographs from the operative, oral surgery, and oral radiology departments. Two senior faculty members evaluated the radiographs according to the recent two-tier grading system outlined in the FGDP guidelines. RESULTS The study revealed that 197 (65.67%) of the assessed radiographs were diagnostically acceptable, while 103 (34.33%) were deemed diagnostically unacceptable. Contrast problems emerged as the most prevalent issue, accounting for 85 (28.3%) of the cases. Other common problems included incorrect film positioning in 66 (22%), incorrect vertical cone angulation in 37 (12.3%), incorrect horizontal cone angulation in 11 (3.7%), and incorrect processing in 15 (5%) of the IOPA radiographs. CONCLUSION This study revealed that approximately two-thirds of the IOPA radiographs were deemed diagnostically acceptable. However, contrast issues emerged as the predominant concern affecting image quality. These findings highlight the critical importance of continuous quality improvement initiatives in radiographic practices to enhance diagnostic precision and ensure optimal patient care.
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Umair M, Asatryan B, Aliyari Ghasabeh M, Bosman LP, Murray B, Tichnell C, Te Riele ASJM, Velthuis BK, James CA, Zimmerman SL. The Specificity of Left Ventricular Bite-Like Fibrofatty Replacement for Diagnosis of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 17:1113-1115. [PMID: 38727643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
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Ahmad S, Sehrish AK, Umair M, Mirino MW, Ali S, Guo H. Effect of biochar amendment on bacterial community and their role in nutrient acquisition in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown under elevated CO 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143098. [PMID: 39151577 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change is anticipated to shift the soil bacterial community structure and plant nutrient utilization. The use of biochar amendment can positively influence soil bacterial community structure, soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism and response of bacterial community structure to biochar amendment, and its role in nutrient enhancement in soil and plants under elevated CO2. Herein, the effect of biochar amendment (0, 0.5, 1.5%) on soil bacterial community structure, spinach growth, physiology, and soil and plant nutrient status were investigated under two CO2 concentrations (400 and 600 μmol mol-1). Findings showed that biochar application 1.5% (B.2.E) significantly increased the abundance of the bacterial community responsible for growth and nutrient uptake i.e. Firmicutes (42.25%) Bacteroidetes (10.46%), and Gemmatimonadetes (125.75%) as compared to respective control (CK.E) but interestingly abundance of proteobacteria decreased (9.18%) under elevated CO2. Furthermore, the soil available N, P, and K showed a significant increase in higher biochar-amended treatments under elevated CO2. Spinach plants exhibited a notable enhancement in growth and photosynthetic pigments when exposed to elevated CO2 levels and biochar, as compared to ambient CO2 conditions. However, there was variability observed in the leaf gas exchange attributes. Elevated CO2 reduced spinach roots and leaves nutrient concentration. In contrast, the biochar amendment (B2.E) enhanced root and shoot Zinc (494.99%-155.33%), magnesium (261.15%-183.37%), manganese (80.04%-152.86%), potassium (576.24%-355.17%), calcium (261.88%-165.65%), copper (325.42%-282.53%) and iron (717.63%-177.90%) concentration by influencing plant physiology and bacterial community. These findings provide insights into the interaction between plant and bacterial community under future agroecosystems in response to the addition of biochar contributing to a deeper understanding of ecological dynamics.
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Stirrat T, Yu J, Tran C, Sayah A, Umair M, Akpolat YT. Pioneers of progress: Documenting the legacy of underrepresented radiologists. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2024; 53:533-538. [PMID: 39004582 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to illuminate the enduring contributions of underrepresented pioneers in radiology, emphasizing their resilience, innovations, and the significant barriers they overcame. By weaving their achievements into the broader narrative of medical science, this research highlights the critical role of diversity and progress in the evolution of radiology. HISTORICAL EXPLORATION This narrative review chronicles the significant contributions of underrepresented radiologists from the early 20th century to the present. By synthesizing historical data, biographical sketches, and contemporary medical literature, we highlight the pivotal roles these pioneers have played in advancing radiology. Their groundbreaking work not only enhanced medical imaging technologies and practices but also championed the cause of diversity and inclusion within the field. These stories of perseverance and innovation underscore the ongoing need for an inclusive approach in the medical community, reflecting on how diversity has shaped and will continue to influence the evolution of radiology. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION The study identifies several pivotal figures, such as Marcus F. Wheatland, the first known African American radiologist, and Ivy O. Roach Brooks, the first woman to lead a radiology department at a major U.S. hospital. It explores their wide-ranging contributions from clinical practice and education to leadership and advocacy for diversity within the medical profession. The legacies of these radiologists illuminate not just their individual accomplishments but also reflect the broader struggle for equality and representation in the medical field. Their determination and excellence have paved the way for future generations, significantly enhancing the inclusivity and diversity of the radiology field. CLINICAL RELEVANCE AND APPLICATION Understanding the contributions of these underrepresented radiologists enriches the field's perspective on diversity, equity, and inclusion. Highlighting these pioneers underscores the importance of mentorship, representation, and advocacy in creating an environment where all talented individuals can thrive. Insights from this historical analysis are crucial for shaping future policies and practices in radiology and medical education, ensuring the continuation of these trailblazers' inspiring legacy.
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Umair M, Khan M, Olivier J. Accounting for regression to the mean under the bivariate t-distribution. Stat Methods Med Res 2024; 33:1624-1636. [PMID: 39118352 DOI: 10.1177/09622802241267808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Regression to the mean occurs when an unusual observation is followed by a more typical outcome closer to the population mean. In pre- and post-intervention studies, treatment is administered to subjects with initial measurements located in the tail of a distribution, and a paired sample t -test can be utilized to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. The observed change in the pre-post means is the sum of regression to the mean and treatment effects, and ignoring regression to the mean could lead to erroneous conclusions about the effectiveness of the treatment effect. In this study, formulae for regression to the mean are derived, and maximum likelihood estimation is employed to numerically estimate the regression to the mean effect when the test statistic follows the bivariate t -distribution based on a baseline criterion or a cut-off point. The pre-post degrees of freedom could be equal but also unequal such as when there is missing data. Additionally, we illustrate how regression to the mean is influenced by cut-off points, mixing angles which are related to correlation, and degrees of freedom. A simulation study is conducted to assess the statistical properties of unbiasedness, consistency, and asymptotic normality of the regression to the mean estimator. Moreover, the proposed methods are compared with an existing one assuming bivariate normality. The p -values are compared when regression to the mean is either ignored or accounted for to gauge the statistical significance of the paired t -test. The proposed method is applied to real data concerning schizophrenia patients, and the observed conditional mean difference called the total effect is decomposed into the regression to the mean and treatment effects.
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Paracha SA, Nawaz S, Tahir Sarwar M, Shaheen A, Zaman G, Ahmed J, Shah F, Khwaja S, Jan A, Khan N, Kamal MA, Alam Q, Abbas S, Farman S, Waqas A, Alkathiri A, Hamadi A, Santoni F, Ullah N, Khalid B, Antonarakis SE, Fakhro KA, Umair M, Ansar M. The genetic cause of neurodevelopmental disorders in 30 consanguineous families. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1424753. [PMID: 39281811 PMCID: PMC11392838 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1424753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to clinically and genetically assess 30 unrelated consanguineous Pakistani families from various ethnic backgrounds, all exhibiting features of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Methods We conducted clinical, genetic, biochemical, and molecular analyses on 30 consanguineous families with NDDs enrolled from various regions of Pakistan. The likely molecular causes of primary microcephaly and NDDs were identified. Detailed clinical investigations and molecular diagnoses were performed using whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband, followed by Sanger sequencing for validation and segregation in the available family members of the affected families. Results WES identified likely disease-causing homozygous variants in 30 unrelated consanguineous families. Six families presented newly described variants in known NDD-related genes: ABAT (c.1439 T > G; p.Phe480Cys) [OMIM613163], SLC12A6 (c.2865_2865insT; p.Glu955Asnfs*5) [OMIM 218000], SHANK3 (c.1305-3_1,305-2delTT; p.Gln29-_Gly305del) [OMIM 606232], BCKDK (c.356_356insC; p.Gly119Alafs*24) [OMIM 614923], DDHD2 (c.2065G > T; p.Asp689Tyr) [OMIM 615033], ERCC2 (c.1255G > A; p.Glu419Lys) [OMIM 610756]. Additionally, 12 families had previously reported disease-causing variants associated with different types of NDDs: ATRX (c.109C > T; p.Arg37*) [OMIM 309580], GPR56 [ADGRG1] (c.1423C > T; p.Arg475*) [OMIM 606854], NAGLU (c.1694G > A; p.Arg565Gln) [OMIM 252920], DOLK (c.3G > A; p.Met1Ile) [OMIM 610768], GPT2 (c.815C > T; p.Ser272Leu) [OMIM 616281], DYNC1I2 (c.607 + 1G > A; p.?) [OMIM 618492], FBXL3 (c.885delT; p.Leu295Phefs25*) [OMIM 606220], LINGO1 (c.869G > A; p.Arg290His) [OMIM 618103], and ASPM (c.3978G > A; Trp1326*, c.9557C > G; p.Ser3186*, c.6994C > T; p.Arg2332*) [OMIM 608716]. All the identified variants showed segregation compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance. Conclusion In the present study, we observed a high frequency of ASPM variants in the genetic analysis of 30 consanguineous families exhibiting features of NDDs, particularly those associated with autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. These findings contribute to studies on genotype-phenotype correlation, genetic counseling for families, and a deeper understanding of human brain function and development.
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Al Mutairi F, Joueidi F, Alshalan M, Aloyouni E, Ballow M, Aldrees M, Al Abdulrahman A, Al Tuwaijri A, Abbas S, Umair M, Alfadhel M. Biallelic HMGXB4 loss-of-function variant causes intellectual disability, developmental delay, and dysmorphic features. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35361. [PMID: 39166056 PMCID: PMC11334805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background HMGXB4 (additionally known as HMG2L1) is a non-histone DNA-binding protein that contains a single HMG-box domain. HMGXB4 was originally described in Xenopus where it was seen to negatively regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Materials and methods In this study, we conducted a genetic and clinical evaluation of a single family with three affected individuals suffering from intellectual disability (ID), global developmental delay (GDD) and dysmorphic facial features.Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and Sanger sequencing were performed on the affected individuals' DNA to identify genetic variations. Additionally, a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to assess gene expression in both the affected and unaffected individuals in the family. Result WGS identified a homozygous frameshift variant c.1193_1196del p. (Lys398Argfs × 25) in exon 5 of the HMGXB4 gene (OMIM 604702), which completely segregated the disease phenotype in the family. Furthermore, RT-qPCR revealed a substantial decrease in the HMGXB4 gene expression in the affected individuals as compared to the unaffected individuals of the family. Conclusions The current study is the first evidence linking a genetic variant in the HMGXB4 gene to ID, GDD, and dysmorphic facial features. Therefore, it is possible that HMGXB4 contributes significantly to developmental milestones and may be responsible for neurodevelopmental disorders in humans.
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Gilani SQ, Umair M, Naqvi M, Marques O, Kim HC. Adversarial Training Based Domain Adaptation of Skin Cancer Images. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1009. [PMID: 39202751 PMCID: PMC11355601 DOI: 10.3390/life14081009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin lesion datasets used in the research are highly imbalanced; Generative Adversarial Networks can generate synthetic skin lesion images to solve the class imbalance problem, but it can result in bias and domain shift. Domain shifts in skin lesion datasets can also occur if different instruments or imaging resolutions are used to capture skin lesion images. The deep learning models may not perform well in the presence of bias and domain shift in skin lesion datasets. This work presents a domain adaptation algorithm-based methodology for mitigating the effects of domain shift and bias in skin lesion datasets. Six experiments were performed using two different domain adaptation architectures. The domain adversarial neural network with two gradient reversal layers and VGG13 as a feature extractor achieved the highest accuracy and F1 score of 0.7567 and 0.75, respectively, representing an 18.47% improvement in accuracy over the baseline model.
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Little JA, Congdon NG, Resnikoff S, Braithwaite T, Leasher J, Naidoo K, Fricke T, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Parodi MB, Bikbov MM, Bron A, Cheng CY, Del Monte MA, Ehrlich JR, Ellwein LB, Friedman D, Furtado JM, Gazzard G, George R, Hartnett ME, Jonas JB, Kahloun R, Kempen JH, Khairallah M, Khanna RC, Kim JE, Lansingh VC, Nangia V, Nowak M, Pesudovs K, Peto T, Ramulu P, Topouzis F, Tsilimbaris M, Wang YX, Wang N, Bourne RRA, Little JA, Congdon NG, Resnikoff S, Braithwaite T, Leasher JL, Naidoo KS, Tahhan N, Fricke T, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Briant PS, Vos T, Flaxman S, Abate YH, Dolatabadi ZA, Abdelmasseh M, Abdollahi M, Abebe AM, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abrha WA, Ali HA, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Adal TGG, Adamu LH, Adderley NJ, Addo IY, Adekiya TA, Adhikari K, Adnani QES, Afzal S, Aghamiri S, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmadzadeh H, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Alahdab F, Albashtawy M, AlBataineh MT, Alemu T, Alfaar AS, Alhalaiqa FAN, Alhassan RK, Ali A, Ali SSS, Almidani L, Alzoubi KH, Androudi S, Anguita R, Anil A, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Aravkin AY, Areda D, Asgedom AA, Ashemo MY, Ashraf T, Athari SS, Atinafu BTT, Wahbi Atout MM, Atreya A, Ayatollahi H, Azzam AY, Bagherieh S, Bai R, Baig AA, Bailey F, Baltatu OC, Barati S, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Bärnighausen TW, Barrow A, Parodi MB, Bayileyegn NS, Berhie AY, Bhadra A, Bhagavathula ASS, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat AN, Bhatti GK, Bikbov M, Birck MG, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, dos Santos FLC, Carneiro VLA, Cenderadewi M, Chanie GS, Cherbuin N, Chu DT, Coberly K, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dascalu AM, Dastiridou A, Dejenie TA, Demeke D, Dereje D, Dervenis N, Devanbu VGC, Diaz D, Diress M, Do TC, Do THP, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Ehrlich JR, Ekholuenetale M, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, Emamian MH, Emamverdi M, Etemadimanesh A, Fagbamigbe AF, Farrokhpour H, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Desideri LF, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Forouhari A, Furtado JM, Gadanya MA, Gaidhane AM, Gandhi AP, Gebi TG, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremeskel GG, Gela YY, Yazdi BG, Falavarjani KG, Ghassemi F, Ghozy S, Golchin A, Golechha M, Goleij P, Guan SY, Gupta S, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Haile TG, Hammond BR, Harorani M, Hasaballah AI, Hasan I, Hasani H, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Heidari G, Heyi DZ, Holla R, Hosseinzadeh M, Hu C, Huynh HH, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ilic IM, Immurana M, Islam SMS, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jakovljevic M, Janodia MD, Jayapal SK, Jayaram S, Jonas JB, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kamath S, Kandel H, Karaye IM, Kasraei H, Kaup S, Kaur H, Kaur N, Kayode GA, Kempen JH, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalilov R, Khan A, Khatatbeh MM, Khatib MN, Kibret BG, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kosen S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Bicer BK, Kumar N, Kutikuppala LVS, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lal DK, Lansingh VC, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lim SS, Liu X, Maharaj SB, Mahmoudi A, Malhotra K, Malik AA, Malik I, Mallhi TH, Mansouri V, Marzo RR, Maugeri A, Meles GG, Mersha AM, Mestrovic T, Miller TR, Mirzaei M, Misganaw A, Misra S, Mithra P, Mohammadi S, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadzadeh M, Mojiri-forushani H, Mokdad AH, Momeni-Moghaddam H, Montazeri F, Moradi M, Mousavi P, Murray CJL, Naik GR, Naik G, Natto ZS, Naveed M, Nayak BP, Negash H, Nejadghaderi SA, Nguyen DH, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Noman EA, Oancea B, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olufadewa II, Onwujekwe OE, Opejin AO, Ordak M, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Pardhan S, Parsaei A, Patel J, Pawar S, Perianayagam A, Perumalsamy N, Pesudovs K, Petcu IR, Pham HT, Pourazizi M, Prates EJS, Qattea I, Raghav PR, Rahman MHU, Rahman M, Ramasamy SK, Ramasubramani P, Rashidi MM, Redwan EMM, Rezaei N, Rodriguez JAB, Saadatian Z, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi S, Saghazadeh A, Sharif-Askari FS, Sharif-Askari NS, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Samy AM, Saylan M, Selvaraj S, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Shamim MA, Shashamo BB, Shiferaw WS, Shigematsu M, Shittu A, Shobeiri P, Shorofi SA, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Silva JC, Singh JA, Singh P, Sotoudeh H, Sousa RARC, Sreeramareddy CT, Tabish M, Taheri M, Tan Y, Taye BT, Temsah MH, Ticoalu JHV, Tillawi T, Tiruneh MG, Tsatsakis A, Tsegay GM, Tsilimbaris MK, Ty SS, Ubah CS, Umair M, Tahbaz SV, Valizadeh R, Viskadourou M, Wassie GT, Wickramasinghe ND, Wondimagegn GS, Yahya G, Yang L, Yao Y, Yiğit A, Yismaw Y, Yonemoto N, You Y, Zastrozhin MS, Zenebe GA, Zhang ZJ, Zhao H, Zielińska M, Zoladl M, Steinmetz JD, Bourne R. Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by Uncorrected Refractive Error: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2083-2101. [PMID: 38965322 PMCID: PMC11269735 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a readily treatable cause of visual impairment (VI). This study provides updated estimates of global and regional vision loss due to URE, presenting temporal change for VISION 2020 METHODS: Data from population-based eye disease surveys from 1980-2018 were collected. Hierarchical models estimated prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]) of blindness (presenting visual acuity (VA) < 3/60) and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60 ≤ presenting VA < 6/18) caused by URE, stratified by age, sex, region, and year. Near VI prevalence from uncorrected presbyopia was defined as presenting near VA < N6/N8 at 40 cm when best-corrected distance (VA ≥ 6/12). RESULTS In 2020, 3.7 million people (95%UI 3.10-4.29) were blind and 157 million (140-176) had MSVI due to URE, a 21.8% increase in blindness and 72.0% increase in MSVI since 2000. Age-standardised prevalence of URE blindness and MSVI decreased by 30.5% (30.7-30.3) and 2.4% (2.6-2.2) respectively during this time. In 2020, South Asia GBD super-region had the highest 50+ years age-standardised URE blindness (0.33% (0.26-0.40%)) and MSVI (10.3% (8.82-12.10%)) rates. The age-standardized ratio of women to men for URE blindness was 1.05:1.00 in 2020 and 1.03:1.00 in 2000. An estimated 419 million (295-562) people 50+ had near VI from uncorrected presbyopia, a +75.3% (74.6-76.0) increase from 2000 CONCLUSIONS: The number of cases of VI from URE substantively grew, even as age-standardised prevalence fell, since 2000, with a continued disproportionate burden by region and sex. Global population ageing will increase this burden, highlighting urgent need for novel approaches to refractive service delivery.
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Mumuni AN, Eyre K, Montalba C, Harrison A, Maharjan S, Botwe F, Garcia MF, Zeraii A, Friedrich MG, Fatade A, Ntusi NAB, Lim T, Garg R, Umair M, Ninalowo HA, Adeleke S, Anosike C, Dako F, Anazodo UC. Scan With Me: A Train-the-Trainer Program to Upskill MRI Personnel in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:1222-1234. [PMID: 38763442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Access to MRI in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains among the poorest in the world. The lack of skilled MRI personnel exacerbates access gaps, reinforcing long-standing health disparities. The Scan With Me (SWiM) program aims to sustainably create a network of highly skilled MRI technologists in LMICs who will facilitate the transfer of MRI knowledge and skills to their peers and contribute to the implementation of highly valuable imaging protocols for effective clinical and research use. METHODS The program introduces a case-based curriculum designed using a novel train-the-trainer approach, integrated with peer-collaborative learning to upskill practicing MRI technologists in LMICs. The 6-week curriculum uses the teach-try-use approach, which combines self-paced didactic lectures covering the basics of MR image acquisition (teach) with hands-on expert-guided scanning experience (try) and the implementation of protocols tailored to provide the best possible images on their infrastructures (use). Each program includes research translation skills training using an established advanced MRI technique relevant to LMICs. A pilot program focused on cardiac MRI (CMR) was conducted to assess the program's curriculum, delivery, and evaluation methods. RESULTS Forty-three MRI technologists from 16 LMICs participated in the pilot CMR program and, over the course of the training, implemented optimized CMR protocols that reduced acquisition times while improving image quality. The training resources and scanner-specific standardized protocols are published openly for public use in an online repository. In general, at the end of the program, learners reported considerable improvements in CMR knowledge and skills. All respondents to the program evaluation survey agreed to recommend the program to their colleagues, while 87% indicated interest in returning to help train others. CONCLUSIONS The SWiM program is the first master class in MRI acquisition for practicing imaging technologists in LMICs. The program holds the potential to help reduce disparities in MRI expertise and access. The support of the MRI community, imaging societies, and funding agencies will increase its reach and further its impact in democratizing MRI.
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Zehri Z, Khan H, Ahmed S, Khan MJ, Shahwani NA, Nawaz S, Umair M. Delineating the Disease Boundaries: Homozygous CDC14A Variants Underlying Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss and Hearing Impairment Infertile Male Syndrome. Mol Syndromol 2024; 15:269-274. [PMID: 39119445 PMCID: PMC11305659 DOI: 10.1159/000536016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hereditary hearing loss is a genetically heterogeneous neurosensory disorder that affects many people. Deafness and infertility can coexist in some cases, creating the hearing impairment infertile male syndrome. There are several known molecular mechanisms that can cause deafness either on its own or in conjunction with infertility. Methods and Results Here, we represent two consanguineous families (A, B), both families had clinical evidence of deafness, and family B also had infertility, so we referred to them as having nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) and hearing impairment infertile male syndrome (HIIMS), respectively. These families' genetic makeup was examined using an Affymetrix GeneChip 250K Nsp array followed by Sanger sequencing. In family A, we identified a novel homozygous stop gain variant [NM_003672.4; c.1000C>T; p.(Gln334*)] and a homozygous missense variant [NM_003672.4; c.684C>A; p.(Asn228Lys)] in family B in CDC14A gene (MIM#603504). In animal models, the CDC14A gene causes both hearing loss and infertility; in addition, it also causes NSHL and HIIMS in humans. Conclusions Our study on the CDC14A gene has identified two novel variants, crucial for delineating disease boundaries. Variants in exon 10 and upstream cause HIIMS, and those in exon 11 and downstream are linked exclusively to hearing impairment. This precision enhances diagnostics and offers potential for targeted interventions, marking a significant advancement in understanding the genetic basis of these conditions.
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Furtado JM, Jonas JB, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Battaglia Parodi M, Bikbov MM, Braithwaite T, Bron A, Cheng CY, Congdon N, Del Monte MA, Ehrlich JR, Fricke T, Friedman D, Gazzard G, Hartnett ME, Kahloun R, Kempen JH, Khairallah M, Khanna RC, Kim JE, Lansingh VC, Leasher J, Naidoo KS, Nangia V, Nowak M, Pesudovs K, Peto T, Ramulu P, Topouzis F, Tsilimbaris M, Wang YX, Wang N, Bourne RRA, Furtado JM, Jonas JB, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Leveziel N, Briant PS, Vos T, Resnikoff S, Fischer F, Abate YH, Abdollahi M, Adal TGG, Addo IY, Adhikari K, Agarwal P, Agodi A, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahmad A, Ahmadieh H, Ahmadzadeh H, Alahdab F, Alfaar AS, Alhassan RK, Ali SSS, Almidani L, Androudi S, Anil A, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Ashemo MY, Athari SS, Atnafu DD, Atreya A, Ayalew MK, Aynalem YA, Aynalem ZB, Azzam AY, Bagherieh S, Bai R, Barchitta M, Bardhan M, Bärnighausen TW, Bayileyegn NS, Bazvand F, Begde A, Behnam B, Bhagavathula AS, Bhaskar S, Bhatti GK, Bhatti JS, Bintoro BS, Birck MG, Braithwaite T, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Caetano dos Santos FL, Carneiro VLA, Cenderadewi M, Chattu VK, Chu DT, Coberly K, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Dascalu AM, Dashti M, Dastiridou A, Dastmardi M, Deng X, Dervenis N, Devanbu VGC, Diress M, Djalalinia S, Ehrlich JR, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, El Sayed I, Elhadi M, Emamverdi M, Emrie AA, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahim A, Farooq U, Farrokhpour H, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Ferro Desideri L, Fetensa G, Feyisa BR, Flaxman S, Forouhari A, Foschi M, Fowobaje KR, Gandhi AP, Gebi TG, Gebregergis MW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremariam B, Gebremeskel GG, Gela YY, Gesese MM, Ghasemi Falavarjani K, Ghassemi F, Ghozy S, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haile TG, Hailu SG, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halimi A, Hallaj S, Hammond BR, Hasan I, Hasani H, Hassanian-Moghaddam H, Heidari-Foroozan M, Hong SH, Hoogar P, Hosseinzadeh M, Hu C, Huynh HH, Immurana M, Iwu CCD, Jacob L, Jafarzadeh A, Jakovljevic M, Jayaram S, Jokar M, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kabito GG, Kalankesh LR, Kamath S, Kandel H, Karaye IM, Kasraei H, Kayode GA, Kedir S, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khatatbeh MM, Khatib MN, Khorrami Z, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kosen S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Lahariya C, Laksono T, Lal DK, Lansingh VC, Le TDT, Leasher JL, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lim SS, Liu X, Mahmoudi A, Mahmoudi R, Malhotra K, Mansouri V, Marzo RR, Maugeri A, McAlinden C, Mekene Meto T, Mersha AM, Mestrovic T, Mihretie ET, Mirzaei M, Mithra P, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi S, Mohammed A, Mokdad AH, Molavi Vardanjani H, Moni MA, Montazeri F, Moradi M, Mousavi P, Muhamed AN, Mulita A, Naidoo KS, Naik GR, Nargus S, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Negaresh M, Negash H, Nejadghaderi SA, Nguyen DH, Nguyen HQ, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Noreen M, Nzoputam OJ, Odetokun IA, Olagunju AT, Olatubi MI, Onwujekwe OE, Ordak M, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Panahi P, Pandey A, Pardhan S, Patel J, Patthipati VS, Pawar S, Perianayagam A, Petcu IR, Pham HT, Qattea I, Raghav PR, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MHU, Rahman M, Ramasubramani P, Rashid AM, Rauf AU, Redwan EMM, Rezaei N, Roy P, Saadatian Z, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi S, Safi SZ, Saghazadeh A, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Sahebkar A, Sakshaug JW, Salahi S, Salahi S, Saleh MA, Samodra YL, Samuel VP, Samy AM, Saravanan A, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Sediqi SM, Selvaraj S, Sethi Y, Seylani A, Shah J, Shahid S, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Shamim MA, Shayan M, Shigematsu M, Shittu A, Shorofi SA, Siddig EE, Silva JC, Singh JA, Singh P, Skiadaresi E, Sousa RARC, Sreeramareddy CT, Starodubov VI, Taye BT, Ticoalu JHV, Tsegay GM, Tsilimbaris MK, Ullah S, Umair M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Wickramasinghe ND, Wondimagegn GS, Yang L, Yiğit A, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Zastrozhin MS, Zhao H, Zheng P, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Steinmetz JD, Bourne RRA. Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2070-2082. [PMID: 38965321 PMCID: PMC11269688 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03050-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to update estimates of global vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye diseases from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate the prevalence of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness ( < 3/60) caused by AMD, stratified by age, region, and year. RESULTS In 2020, 1.85 million (95%UI: 1.35 to 2.43 million) people were estimated to be blind due to AMD, and another 6.23 million (95%UI: 5.04 to 7.58) with MSVI globally. High-income countries had the highest number of individuals with AMD-related blindness (0.60 million people; 0.46 to 0.77). The crude prevalence of AMD-related blindness in 2020 (among those aged ≥ 50 years) was 0.10% (0.07 to 0.12) globally, and the region with the highest prevalence of AMD-related blindness was North Africa/Middle East (0.22%; 0.16 to 0.30). Age-standardized prevalence (using the GBD 2019 data) of AMD-related MSVI in people aged ≥ 50 years in 2020 was 0.34% (0.27 to 0.41) globally, and the region with the highest prevalence of AMD-related MSVI was also North Africa/Middle East (0.55%; 0.44 to 0.68). From 2000 to 2020, the estimated crude prevalence of AMD-related blindness decreased globally by 19.29%, while the prevalence of MSVI increased by 10.08%. CONCLUSIONS The estimated increase in the number of individuals with AMD-related blindness and MSVI globally urges the creation of novel treatment modalities and the expansion of rehabilitation services.
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Pesudovs K, Lansingh VC, Kempen JH, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Bikbov MM, Braithwaite T, Bron A, Cheng CY, Del Monte MA, Ehrlich JR, Ellwein LB, Friedman D, Furtado JM, Gazzard G, George R, Hartnett ME, Jonas JB, Kahloun R, Khairallah M, Khanna RC, Leasher J, Little JA, Nangia V, Nowak M, Peto T, Ramulu P, Topouzis F, Tsilimbaris M, Wang YX, Wang N, Bourne RRA, Pesudovs K, Lansingh VC, Kempen JH, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Briant PS, Vos T, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Abate YH, Abdollahi M, Abdollahi M, Abebe AM, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abrha WA, Abualruz H, Ali HA, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Adal TGG, Adane MM, Addo IY, Adnani QES, Afzal MS, Aghamiri S, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Alfaar AS, Ali A, Ali SSS, Altaf A, Amu H, Androudi S, Anguita R, Anil A, Anvari S, Anyasodor AE, Appiah F, Arabloo J, Arafat M, Areda D, Arefnezhad R, Aregawi BB, Asgedom AA, Ashraf T, Athari SS, Atinafu BTT, Atout MMW, Atreya A, Ayatollahi H, Azzam AY, Babamohamadi H, Bagherieh S, Bahurupi Y, Baig AA, Banik B, Bardhan M, Basu S, Batra K, Bayileyegn NS, Bazvand F, Beyene AS, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhatti JS, Bikbov M, Bineshfar N, Birck MG, Bitra VR, Braithwaite T, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, dos Santos FLC, Cámera LA, Carneiro VLA, Cenderadewi M, Chandrasekar EK, Chattu VK, Chitranshi N, Chopra H, Chu DT, Coberly K, Coelho JM, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Das S, Dascalu AM, Dashti M, Dastmardi M, Demessa BH, Demisse B, Dereje D, Derese AMA, Dervenis N, Devanbu VGC, Do TC, Do THP, dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Efendi F, Ehrlich JR, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Sayed IE, Elhadi M, Emamian MH, Emamverdi M, Etemadimanesh A, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahim A, Farrokhpour H, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Desideri LF, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Forouhari A, Foschi M, Fowobaje KR, Gaidhane AM, Gandhi AP, Gebregergis MWW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremariam B, Gerema U, Ghassemi F, Ghozy S, Golechha M, Goleij P, Goulart BNG, Guan SY, Gudisa Z, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halimi A, Hallaj S, Hamidi S, Harorani M, Hasani H, Heyi DZ, Hoan NQ, Holla R, Hong SH, Hosseinzadeh M, Hu C, Huang JJ, Huynh HH, Ibitoye SE, Ilic IM, Immurana M, Islam MR, Islam SMS, Iwu CCD, Jacob L, Jairoun AA, Janodia MD, Jayaram S, Jindal HA, Jokar M, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kadashetti V, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamath S, Kandel H, Kantar RS, Karaye IM, Kasraei H, Kaup S, Kaur N, Kaur RJ, Kayode GA, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalilov R, Khatib MN, Kisa A, Kosen S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kulimbet M, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Lahariya C, Lan T, Landires I, Leasher JL, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lim SS, Little JA, Mahajan PB, Maharaj SB, Mahmoudi A, Mahmoudi R, Malhotra K, Mallhi TH, Mansouri V, Manu E, Marzo RR, Maugeri A, McAlinden C, Mebratu W, Meto TM, Meng Y, Mersha AM, Mestrovic T, Minh LHN, Misganaw A, Mishra M, Misra S, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi S, Mohammed M, Mojiri-forushani H, Mokdad AH, Vardanjani HM, Moni MA, Montazeri F, Moradi M, Motappa R, Mousavi P, Mulita A, Murray CJL, Naik GR, Naik G, Nargus S, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Negaresh M, Negash H, Nguyen DH, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olatubi MI, Ordak M, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Pandey A, Panos GD, Pardhan S, Park S, Patel J, Pawar S, Peprah P, Petcu IR, Peyman A, Pham HT, Pourazizi M, Quan NK, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MHU, Rajaa S, Ramasamy SK, Ramasubramani P, Ranjan S, Rashidi MM, Rath RS, Rauf AU, Rawaf S, Damavandi AR, Redwan EMM, Roy P, Pramanik KR, Saadatian Z, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi S, Safi SZ, Saghazadeh A, Sharif-Askari FS, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Samuel VP, Samy AM, Saravanan A, Selvaraj S, Semnani F, Senapati S, Sethi Y, Seyedi SA, Seylani A, Shaheen AA, Shahid S, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Sham S, Shamim MA, Shannawaz M, Shashamo BB, Shayan M, Shittu A, Shiue I, Shivakumar KM, Shorofi SA, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Silva JC, Singh JA, Singh P, Skiadaresi E, Solomon Y, Sousa RARC, Sreeramareddy CT, Starodubov VI, Subramaniam MD, Susanty S, Tabatabaei SM, Taye BT, Teklay G, Temsah MH, Terefa DR, Ticoalu JHV, Toma TM, Tsatsakis A, Tsegay GM, Tumurkhuu M, Tusa BS, Ty SS, Ubah CS, Umair M, Umar TP, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Watson SLW, Wonde TE, Wondimagegn GS, Xiao H, Yao Y, Nia IY, Yiğit A, Yismaw Y, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Yu C, Zastrozhin MS, Zhao H, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zoladl M, Steinmetz JD. Publisher Correction: Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2229-2231. [PMID: 39014211 PMCID: PMC11269626 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
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Pesudovs K, Lansingh VC, Kempen JH, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR, Sedighi T, Flaxman S, Bikbov MM, Braithwaite T, Bron A, Cheng CY, Del Monte MA, Ehrlich JR, Ellwein LB, Friedman D, Furtado JM, Gazzard G, George R, Hartnett ME, Jonas JB, Kahloun R, Khairallah M, Khanna RC, Leasher J, Little JA, Nangia V, Nowak M, Peto T, Ramulu P, Topouzis F, Tsilimbaris M, Wang YX, Wang N, Bourne R, Pesudovs K, Lansingh VC, Kempen JH, Tapply I, Fernandes AG, Cicinelli MV, Arrigo A, Leveziel N, Briant PS, Vos T, Resnikoff S, Flaxman S, Abate YH, Abdollahi M, Abdollahi M, Abebe AM, Abiodun O, Aboagye RG, Abrha WA, Abualruz H, Ali HA, Abu-Gharbieh E, Aburuz S, Adal TGG, Adane MM, Addo IY, Adnani QES, Afzal MS, Aghamiri S, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Alfaar AS, Ali A, Ali SSS, Altaf A, Amu H, Androudi S, Anguita R, Anil A, Anvari S, Anyasodor AE, Appiah F, Arabloo J, Arafat M, Areda D, Arefnezhad R, Aregawi BB, Asgedom AA, Ashraf T, Athari SS, Atinafu BTT, Atout MMW, Atreya A, Ayatollahi H, Azzam AY, Babamohamadi H, Bagherieh S, Bahurupi Y, Baig AA, Banik B, Bardhan M, Basu S, Batra K, Bayileyegn NS, Bazvand F, Beyene AS, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhatti JS, Bikbov M, Bineshfar N, Birck MG, Bitra VR, Braithwaite T, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt ZA, dos Santos FLC, Cámera LA, Carneiro VLA, Cenderadewi M, Chandrasekar EK, Chattu VK, Chitranshi N, Chopra H, Chu DT, Coberly K, Coelho JM, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Das S, Dascalu AM, Dashti M, Dastmardi M, Demessa BH, Demisse B, Dereje D, Derese AMA, Dervenis N, Devanbu VGC, Do TC, Do THP, dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Dziedzic AM, Edinur HA, Efendi F, Ehrlich JR, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, Sayed IE, Elhadi M, Emamian MH, Emamverdi M, Etemadimanesh A, Fagbamigbe AF, Fahim A, Farrokhpour H, Fatehizadeh A, Feizkhah A, Desideri LF, Fetensa G, Fischer F, Forouhari A, Foschi M, Fowobaje KR, Gaidhane AM, Gandhi AP, Gebregergis MWW, Gebrehiwot M, Gebremariam B, Gerema U, Ghassemi F, Ghozy S, Golechha M, Goleij P, Goulart BNG, Guan SY, Gudisa Z, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halimi A, Hallaj S, Hamidi S, Harorani M, Hasani H, Heyi DZ, Hoan NQ, Holla R, Hong SH, Hosseinzadeh M, Hu C, Huang JJ, Huynh HH, Ibitoye SE, Ilic IM, Immurana M, Islam MR, Islam SMS, Iwu CCD, Jacob L, Jairoun AA, Janodia MD, Jayaram S, Jindal HA, Jokar M, Joseph N, Joshua CE, Kadashetti V, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kamath S, Kandel H, Kantar RS, Karaye IM, Kasraei H, Kaup S, Kaur N, Kaur RJ, Kayode GA, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalilov R, Khatib MN, Kisa A, Kosen S, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kulimbet M, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Lahariya C, Lan T, Landires I, Leasher JL, Lee M, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lim SS, Little JA, Mahajan PB, Maharaj SB, Mahmoudi A, Mahmoudi R, Malhotra K, Mallhi TH, Mansouri V, Manu E, Marzo RR, Maugeri A, McAlinden C, Mebratu W, Meto TM, Meng Y, Mersha AM, Mestrovic T, Minh LHN, Misganaw A, Mishra M, Misra S, Mohamed NS, Mohammadi S, Mohammed M, Mojiri-forushani H, Mokdad AH, Vardanjani HM, Moni MA, Montazeri F, Moradi M, Motappa R, Mousavi P, Mulita A, Murray CJL, Naik GR, Naik G, Nargus S, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Negaresh M, Negash H, Nguyen DH, Nguyen PT, Nguyen VT, Niazi RK, Okonji OC, Olagunju AT, Olatubi MI, Ordak M, Osuagwu UL, Otstavnov N, Owolabi MO, Padubidri JR, Pandey A, Panos GD, Pardhan S, Park S, Patel J, Pawar S, Peprah P, Petcu IR, Peyman A, Pham HT, Pourazizi M, Quan NK, Rahim F, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MHU, Rajaa S, Ramasamy SK, Ramasubramani P, Ranjan S, Rashidi MM, Rath RS, Rauf AU, Rawaf S, Damavandi AR, Redwan EMM, Roy P, Pramanik KR, Saadatian Z, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Safi S, Safi SZ, Saghazadeh A, Sharif-Askari FS, Sahebkar A, Sahraian MA, Sakshaug JW, Saleh MA, Samadzadeh S, Samodra YL, Samuel VP, Samy AM, Saravanan A, Selvaraj S, Semnani F, Senapati S, Sethi Y, Seyedi SA, Seylani A, Shaheen AA, Shahid S, Shahwan MJ, Shaikh MA, Sham S, Shamim MA, Shannawaz M, Shashamo BB, Shayan M, Shittu A, Shiue I, Shivakumar KM, Shorofi SA, Sibhat MM, Siddig EE, Silva JC, Singh JA, Singh P, Skiadaresi E, Solomon Y, Sousa RARC, Sreeramareddy CT, Starodubov VI, Subramaniam MD, Susanty S, Tabatabaei SM, Taye BT, Teklay G, Temsah MH, Terefa DR, Ticoalu JHV, Toma TM, Tsatsakis A, Tsegay GM, Tumurkhuu M, Tusa BS, Ty SS, Ubah CS, Umair M, Umar TP, Valizadeh R, Van den Eynde J, Watson SLW, Wonde TE, Wondimagegn GS, Xiao H, Yao Y, Nia IY, Yiğit A, Yismaw Y, Yon DK, Yonemoto N, You Y, Yu C, Zastrozhin MS, Zhao H, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Zikarg YT, Zoladl M, Steinmetz JD. Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:2156-2172. [PMID: 38461217 PMCID: PMC11269584 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-02961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To estimate global and regional trends from 2000 to 2020 of the number of persons visually impaired by cataract and their proportion of the total number of vision-impaired individuals. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of published population studies and gray literature from 2000 to 2020 was carried out to estimate global and regional trends. We developed prevalence estimates based on modeled distance visual impairment and blindness due to cataract, producing location-, year-, age-, and sex-specific estimates of moderate to severe vision impairment (MSVI presenting visual acuity <6/18, ≥3/60) and blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60). Estimates are age-standardized using the GBD standard population. RESULTS In 2020, among overall (all ages) 43.3 million blind and 295 million with MSVI, 17.0 million (39.6%) people were blind and 83.5 million (28.3%) had MSVI due to cataract blind 60% female, MSVI 59% female. From 1990 to 2020, the count of persons blind (MSVI) due to cataract increased by 29.7%(93.1%) whereas the age-standardized global prevalence of cataract-related blindness improved by -27.5% and MSVI increased by 7.2%. The contribution of cataract to the age-standardized prevalence of blindness exceeded the global figure only in South Asia (62.9%) and Southeast Asia and Oceania (47.9%). CONCLUSIONS The number of people blind and with MSVI due to cataract has risen over the past 30 years, despite a decrease in the age-standardized prevalence of cataract. This indicates that cataract treatment programs have been beneficial, but population growth and aging have outpaced their impact. Growing numbers of cataract blind indicate that more, better-directed, resources are needed to increase global capacity for cataract surgery.
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