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Zulu A, Morton D, Campbell S. Perceptions of radiographers regarding professional development in clinical practice in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:723-730. [PMID: 38428196 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Professional development is a concept inclusive of all learning such as postgraduate qualifications, staff development, and reflective practice, pursued for the betterment of radiographers' professional expertise. Professional development is associated with professional capabilities and quality service delivery to the patient, and this understanding of professional development applies to the radiography profession. The study aimed to explore and describe the perceptions of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) radiographers regarding the role of professional development in clinical practice. METHODS The study followed a qualitative exploratory-descriptive design, whereby the data was collected from 13 radiographers working in rural and urban KZN using one-on-one semi-structured interviews and analysed using Tesch's eight steps of thematic analysis. RESULTS Three principal themes emerged from the data analysis. The first theme was the radiographers' views of what constitutes professional development. The second theme highlighted radiographers' views of what promotes professional development among professionals and the final theme concerned the radiographers' views of what hinders professional development. CONCLUSION South African radiographers experience a range of challenges regarding professional development participation. There is a need to assist radiography managers to facilitate the professional development of their staff; to develop a culture of professional development among their staff; to recognise and reward radiographers for participating in professional development and to provide relevant and effective professional development opportunities for radiographers.
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Gilbert E, Rumbold A, Campbell S, Boyle JA, Grzeskowiak L. Management of encounters related to subfertility and infertility in Australian general practice: a focus on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:410. [PMID: 37542253 PMCID: PMC10403831 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the management of subfertility and infertility among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females attending Australian general practice. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 1,258,581 women (18-49 years) attending general practice between January 2011 and June 2019, utilising data from NPS MedicineWise MedicineInsight, a national general practice database in Australia. RESULTS The prevalence of subfertility/infertility encounters was lower for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females (12.37 per 1,000) than for non-Indigenous females (16.62 per 1,000). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females with a subfertility/infertility encounter were younger and more likely to live outside Major cities and in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage than non-Indigenous females. Rates of prescribed infertility medications were not different between groups, however Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females were more likely to receive a pelvic ultrasound (24.30% vs. 19.90%); tests for luteinizing hormone (31.89% vs. 25.65%); testosterone (14.93% vs. 9.96%) and; glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (6.32% vs. 3.41%),but less likely to receive an anti-müllerian hormone test (2.78% vs. 7.04%). CONCLUSIONS Lower encounter rates for infertility/subfertility among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples may indicate access issues, preferred use of Aboriginal community-controlled health centres or younger average age at first birth and thus less age-related infertility. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH Future efforts should focus on maximising the inclusiveness of infertility surveillance. There is also a need for further research into the experiences of and preferences for infertility care and associated barriers among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
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Abdulameer NJ, Acharya U, Adare A, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Alfred M, Apadula N, Aramaki Y, Asano H, Atomssa ET, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Bandara NS, Bannier B, Barish KN, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Beckman S, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Black D, Blankenship B, Bok JS, Borisov V, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Bryslawskyj J, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Chen CH, Chiu M, Chi CY, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Chujo T, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Corrales Morales Y, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Dean CT, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Ding L, Dion A, Doomra V, Do JH, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, En'yo H, Enokizono A, Esha R, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Firak D, Fitzgerald D, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Gallus P, Gal C, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Glenn A, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Gu Y, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hanks J, Han SY, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Hemmick TK, He X, Hill JC, Hodges A, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Huang J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imazu Y, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak BV, Jeon SJ, Jezghani M, Jiang X, Ji Z, Johnson BM, Joo E, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Key JA, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kihara K, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim M, Kim T, Kim YK, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kofarago M, Koster J, Kotov D, Kovacs L, Kurgyis B, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Lajoie JG, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee KB, Lee SH, Leitch MJ, Leitgab M, Lewis NA, Lim SH, Liu MX, Li X, Loomis DA, Lynch D, Lökös S, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Meles A, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Miller AJ, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Mitrankova M, Mitrankov I, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal MM, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Muhammad A, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Mwai A, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakagomi H, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Netrakanti PK, Nihashi M, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Oh J, Orjuela Koop JD, Orosz M, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park JS, Park S, Patel L, Patel M, Pate SF, Peng JC, Peng W, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peressounko DY, PerezLara CE, Perry J, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pinson R, Pisani RP, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke ML, Radzevich PV, Rak J, Ramasubramanian N, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Riveli N, Roach D, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Rubin JG, Runchey J, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sawada S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sett P, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata M, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shi Z, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith KL, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stepanov M, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Takahama R, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Torii H, Towell M, Towell R, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke HW, Vargyas M, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Wang Z, Watanabe D, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Whitaker S, Wolin S, Wong CP, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Xia B, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yanovich A, Yoon I, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zou L. Measurement of Direct-Photon Cross Section and Double-Helicity Asymmetry at sqrt[s]=510 GeV in p[over →]+p[over →] Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:251901. [PMID: 37418716 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.251901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of the cross section and double-helicity asymmetry A_{LL} of direct-photon production in p[over →]+p[over →] collisions at sqrt[s]=510 GeV. The measurements have been performed at midrapidity (|η|<0.25) with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. At relativistic energies, direct photons are dominantly produced from the initial quark-gluon hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force at leading order. Therefore, at sqrt[s]=510 GeV, where leading-order-effects dominate, these measurements provide clean and direct access to the gluon helicity in the polarized proton in the gluon-momentum-fraction range 0.02<x<0.08, with direct sensitivity to the sign of the gluon contribution.
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Yaranov D, Kittipibul V, Snodgrass B, Mahmoud O, Edwards T, Shirwany A, Acheson K, Wilson K, Campbell S, Bruckner B, Fudim M, Mullinax W. The Utilities of Family Frailty Score as a Novel Social Support Assessment Tool for Patients Undergoing Advanced Heart Failure Therapies. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Irish GL, Campbell S, Kanellis J, Wyburn K, Clayton PA. Temporal Validation of The Australian Estimated Post-Transplant Survival Score. Nephrology (Carlton) 2023; 28:292-298. [PMID: 36941195 DOI: 10.1111/nep.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The Australian estimated post-transplant survival (EPTS-AU) prediction score was developed by re-fitting the United States of America EPTS, without diabetes, to the Australian and New Zealand kidney transplant population over 2002-2013. The EPTS-AU score incorporates age, previous transplantation and time on dialysis. Diabetes was excluded from the score, as this was not previously recorded in the Australian allocation system. In May 2021, the EPTS-AU prediction score was incorporated into the Australian kidney allocation algorithm to optimise utility for recipients (maximised benefit). We aimed to temporally validate the EPTS-AU prediction score to ensure it can be used for this purpose. METHODS Using the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry, we included adult recipients of deceased donor kidney-only transplants between 2014-2021. We constructed Cox models for patient survival. We assessed validation using measures of model fit (Akaike information criterion and misspecification), discrimination (Harrell's C statistic and Kaplan Meier curves), and calibration (observed versus predicted survival). RESULTS 6402 recipients were included in the analysis. The EPTS-AU had moderate discrimination with a C statistic of 0.69 (95% CI 0.67,0.71), and clear delineation between Kaplan Meier's survival curves of EPTS-AU. The EPTS was well calibrated with the predicted survivals equating with the observed survival outcomes for all prognostic groups. CONCLUSIONS The EPTS-AU performs reasonably well in choosing between recipients (discrimination) and to predict a recipient's survival (calibration). Reassuringly, the score is functioning as intended to predict post-transplant survival for recipients as part of the national allocation algorithm. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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de Oliveira Rezende Júnior C, Martinez PDG, Ferreira RAA, Koovits PJ, Miranda Soares B, Ferreira LLG, Michelan-Duarte S, Chelucci RC, Andricopulo AD, Matheeussen A, Van Pelt N, Caljon G, Maes L, Campbell S, Kratz JM, Mowbray CE, Dias LC. Hit-to-lead optimization of a 2-aminobenzimidazole series as new candidates for chagas disease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114925. [PMID: 36459758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Because current treatments present several limitations, including long duration, variable efficacy and serious side effects, there is an urgent need to explore new antitrypanosomal drugs. The present study describes the hit-to-lead optimization of a 2-aminobenzimidazole hit 1 identified through in vitro phenotypic screening of a chemical library against intracellular Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes, which focused on optimizing potency, selectivity, microsomal stability and lipophilicity. Multiparametric Structure-Activity Relationships were investigated using a set of 277 derivatives. Although the physicochemical and biological properties of the initial hits were improved, a combination of low kinetic solubility and in vitro cytotoxicity against mammalian cells prevented progression of the best compounds to an efficacy study using a mouse model of Chagas disease.
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Campbell S, Maunder K, Lehmann O, McKeown M, McNicholas F. The Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Presentations to a Specialist Child and Adolescent Eating Disorder Program. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 115:653. [PMID: 36302377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aim Explore the impact of COVID-19 on numbers and clinical profile of Eating Disorder (ED) presentations to a specialist ED program pre- and during COVID-19. Methods Retrospective chart review of referrals pre- COVID-19 (January 2018 - February 2020) and during COVID-19 (March 2020 - August 2021) were compared. Results 128 youth were assessed with significantly higher rates of referrals each month during COVID-19 compared to pre- COVID-19 (3.78 vs. 2.31, p = 0.02). Youth referred during COVID-19 showed a higher rate of % Ideal Body Weight (IBW) loss (4.8% = vs. 2.6%, p = < 0.001) and had a shorter duration of illness pre-referral (4.8 months vs. 7.4 months, p = 0.001). Fewer youth during COVID- 19 (19% vs. 43%, p = 0.011) were prescribed psychotropic medication. Many youth (80%), self-declared COVID-19 as a contributory factor in the development of their ED. Conclusion This study supports the growing consensus of a COVID-19 specific impact on ED services with higher rates of referrals, youth presenting with a faster pace of weight loss and earlier referral to specialist services. Whether this represents a true increase in EDs or an overall increase in CAMHS referrals with a faster transfer to ED services requires further exploration.
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Shao EX, Betz-Stablein B, Marquat L, Campbell S, Isbel N, Green AC, Plasmeijer EI. Higher mycophenolate dosage is associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma in kidney transplant recipients. Transpl Immunol 2022; 75:101698. [PMID: 35988897 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk of keratinocyte cancers, namely squamous cell and basal cell carcinomas (SCCs and BCCs). This is primarily due to the high levels of immunosuppression that are required to prevent allograft rejection. Different immunosuppressive medications confer different risks, and the effect of mycophenolate mofetil on SCC and BCC risk is unclear. We explored the relationship between mycophenolate dose prescribed over the entire transplant period and the risk of SCC and BCC. METHODS Kidney transplant recipients from Queensland, Australia, were recruited between 2012 and 2014 and followed until mid-2016. During this time transplant recipients underwent regular skin examinations to diagnose incident SCCs and BCCs. Immunosuppressive medication regimens were obtained from hospital records, and the average mycophenolate dose/day over the entire transplantation period was calculated for each patient. Doses were divided into three ranked groups, and adjusted relative risks (RRadj) of developing SCC and BCC tumours were calculated using negative binomial regression with the lowest dosage group as reference. Recipients who had used azathioprine previously were excluded; further sub-group analysis was performed for other immunosuppressant medications. RESULTS There were 134 kidney transplant recipients included in the study. The average age was 55, 31% were female and 69% were male. At the highest median mycophenolate dose of 1818 mg/day the SCC risk doubled (RRadj 2.22, 95% CI 1.03-4.77) when compared to the reference group of 1038 mg/day. An increased risk persisted after accounting for ever-use of ciclosporin, ever-use of tacrolimus, and when excluding mammalian target of rapamycin users. This increased risk was mainly carried by kidney transplant recipients immunosuppressed for five or more years (RRadj = 11.05 95% CI 2.50-48.81). In contrast, there was no significant association between BCC incidence and therapy with the highest compared with the lowest mycophenolate dosage (RRadj = 1.27 95% CI 0.56-2.87). CONCLUSION Higher mycophenolate dosage is associated with increased SCCs in kidney transplant recipients, particularly those immunosuppressed for more than five years. The increased SCC risk persists after accounting for usage of other immunosuppressant medications.
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Nargund G, Datta A, Campbell S, Patrizio P, Chian R, Ombelet W, Von Woolf M, Lindenberg S, Frydman R, Fauser BC. The case for mild stimulation for IVF: ISMAAR recommendations. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 45:1133-1144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Datta A, Campbell S, Diaz Fernandez R, Nargund G. O-297 Does advanced paternal age influence live birth rate independent of woman’s age: analysis of 18, 825 fresh IVF/ICSI cycles from a national (HFEA) database. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac106.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does advanced paternal age (APA) impact live birth rates (LBRs) in IVF/ICSI treatment independent of female partner’s age?
Summary answer
LBRs decline with paternal age ≥40 years, but not when female partner is < 35 or ≥ 40 years.
What is known already
APA, particularly over 40 years, has been shown to be associated with declining sperm parameters, impaired embryo development, aneuploidy, compromised pregnancy outcomes and mental health abnormalities in the offspring in IVF/ICSI cycles.
However, no significant effect of APA on pregnancy outcomes has been noted in donor oocyte cycles, indicating possible positive effect of female age counteracting negative male age-related IVF/ICSI outcomes.
Data on whether female and male age influence each other, or are independently related to LBR, are limited and inconclusive.
Study design, size, duration
Retrospective analysis of 18, 825 autologous IVF or ICSI with fresh single embryo transfer (SET) cycles from the UK’s national anonymised registry, published online by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA).
Study period: 2 years starting from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Couples underwent IVF/ ICSI with fresh SET due to unexplained or tubal infertility. Cycles with male factor, donor sperm and preimplantation genetic testing were excluded.
Female age was grouped to < 35 years, 35-39 years and 40-44 years; male age to < 35 years (control group), 35-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-50 years, 51-55 years and >55 years.
Chi-square to compare binominal data; multiple logistic regression to find correlation of male and female age on LBR adjusting confounders.
Main results and the role of chance
Overall, LBR per SET declined from 39.1% in men <35 years (control group) to 25.9% (p < 0.0001), 23.0% (p < 0.0001), 22.9% (p < 0.0001) and 25.4% (p = 0.002) in 40-44, 45-50, 51-55 and >55 years, respectively.
However, in the subgroups of women <35 years, the LBRs were no different whether men were of < 35 (41.3%), 40-45 (40.8%) or > 55 (41.7%) years. Similar trend was observed in women aged 40-44 years: LBRs were 12.3%, 11.9%, and 17.4% in men aged <35, 40-44, and >55 year, respectively. Only in women aged 35-40 years, LBRs dropped from 32.8% in men aged <35 years down to 27.9% (p = 0.004), 28.1% (p = 0.04), 28.7% (p = 0.33) and 25% (p = 0.22) in 40-44, 45-50, 51-55 and >55 years, respectively. The findings remained the same with ICSI only cycles.
Individually, male age, female age, treatment-type (IVF or ICSI) and day of transfer were significantly correlated with LBR. Overall, after adjusting for confounders, both male (p = 0.01) and female’s age (p < 0.0001) remained independently related to LBRs.; male age did not correlate with LBRs in women aged <35 years or 40-44 years.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Information on ovarian reserve and treatment protocols were not available. However, this may have little impact, given large population studied. Exclusion of male infertility might have reduced the ‘effect-size’ but was important to eliminate non-age-related male factors, in order to assess only men’s age on the pregnancy outcome.
Wider implications of the findings
Oocytes in women <35 appear to reduce the negative impact of older sperm on LBR, but not in women 35-39 years of age. This is useful information when counselling couples and in fertility education setting. Further research is needed to clarity the mechanism underlying our findings.
Trial registration number
Does advanced paternal age influence live birth rate independent of woman’s age: analysis of 18, 825 fresh IVF/ICSI cycles from a national (HFEA) database
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Stares M, Ding T, Stratton C, Thomson F, Baxter M, Cagney H, Cumming K, Swan A, Ross F, Barrie C, Maclennan K, Campbell S, Evans T, Tufail A, Harrow S, Lord H, Laird B, MacKean M, Phillips I. Biomarkers of systemic inflammation predict survival with first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100445. [PMID: 35398717 PMCID: PMC9058907 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pembrolizumab is an established first-line option for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing programmed death-ligand 1 ≥50%. Durable responses are seen in a subset of patients; however, many derive little clinical benefit. Biomarkers of the systemic inflammatory response predict survival in NSCLC. We evaluated their prognostic significance in patients receiving first-line pembrolizumab for advanced NSCLC. METHODS Patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab for advanced NSCLC with programmed death-ligand 1 expression ≥50% at two regional Scottish cancer centres were identified. Pretreatment inflammatory biomarkers (white cell count, neutrophil count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, albumin, prognostic nutritional index) were recorded. The relationship between these and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined. RESULTS Data were available for 219 patients. On multivariate analysis, albumin and neutrophil count were independently associated with PFS (P < 0.001, P = 0.002, respectively) and OS (both P < 0.001). A simple score combining these biomarkers was explored. The Scottish Inflammatory Prognostic Score (SIPS) assigned 1 point each for albumin <35 g/l and neutrophil count >7.5 × 109/l to give a three-tier categorical score. SIPS predicted PFS [hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.68-2.52 (P < 0.001)] and OS [hazard ratio 2.33, 95% CI 1.86-2.92 (P < 0.001)]. It stratified PFS from 2.5 (SIPS2), to 8.7 (SIPS1) to 17.9 months (SIPS0) (P < 0.001) and OS from 5.1 (SIPS2), to 12.4 (SIPS1) to 28.7 months (SIPS0) (P < 0.001). The relative risk of death before 6 months was 2.96 (95% CI 1.98-4.42) in patients with SIPS2 compared with those with SIPS0-1 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SIPS, a simple score combining albumin and neutrophil count, predicts survival in patients with NSCLC receiving first-line pembrolizumab. Unlike many proposed prognostic scores, SIPS uses only routinely collected pretreatment test results and provides a categorical score. It stratifies survival across clinically meaningful time periods that may assist clinicians and patients with treatment decisions. We advocate validation of the prognostic utility of SIPS in this and other immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment settings.
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Campbell S, Kim C, Allkanjari A, Nose B, Selph JP, Lentz A. Small Diameter Penile Implants: A Survey on Current Utilization and Review of Literature. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kim C, Campbell S, Allkanjari A, Barton G, Lentz A. Penile Invagination and Corporal Excavation for Penile Prosthesis Placement in Severe Corporal Fibrosis. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Taft BR, Yokokawa F, Kirrane T, Mata AC, Huang R, Blaquiere N, Waldron G, Zou B, Simon O, Vankadara S, Chan WL, Ding M, Sim S, Straimer J, Guiguemde A, Lakshminarayana SB, Jain JP, Bodenreider C, Thompson C, Lanshoeft C, Shu W, Fang E, Qumber J, Chan K, Pei L, Chen YL, Schulz H, Lim J, Abas SN, Ang X, Liu Y, Angulo-Barturen I, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Gamo FJ, Crespo-Fernandez B, Rosenthal PJ, Cooper RA, Tumwebaze P, Aguiar ACC, Campo B, Campbell S, Wagner J, Diagana TT, Sarko C. Discovery and Preclinical Pharmacology of INE963, a Potent and Fast-Acting Blood-Stage Antimalarial with a High Barrier to Resistance and Potential for Single-Dose Cures in Uncomplicated Malaria. J Med Chem 2022; 65:3798-3813. [PMID: 35229610 PMCID: PMC9278664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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A series of 5-aryl-2-amino-imidazothiadiazole (ITD) derivatives
were identified by a phenotype-based high-throughput screening using
a blood stage Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) growth inhibition assay. A lead optimization program focused on
improving antiplasmodium potency, selectivity against human kinases,
and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
properties and extended pharmacological profiles culminated in the
identification of INE963 (1), which demonstrates
potent cellular activity against Pf 3D7 (EC50 = 0.006 μM) and achieves “artemisinin-like”
kill kinetics in vitro with a parasite clearance
time of <24 h. A single dose of 30 mg/kg is fully curative in the Pf-humanized severe combined immunodeficient mouse model. INE963 (1) also exhibits a high barrier to resistance
in drug selection studies and a long half-life (T1/2) across species. These properties suggest the significant
potential for INE963 (1) to provide a curative
therapy for uncomplicated malaria with short dosing regimens. For
these reasons, INE963 (1) was progressed
through GLP toxicology studies and is now undergoing Ph1 clinical
trials.
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Acharya U, Aidala C, Akiba Y, Alfred M, Andrieux V, Apadula N, Asano H, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bandara N, Barish K, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Blankenship B, Blau D, Bok J, Borisov V, Brooks M, Bryslawskyj J, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Cervantes R, Chiu M, Chi C, Choi I, Choi J, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Cronin N, Csörgő T, Csanád M, Danley T, Daugherity M, David G, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond E, Dion A, Dixit D, Do J, Drees A, Drees K, Durham J, Durum A, En’yo H, Enokizono A, Esha R, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields D, Finger M, Finger M, Fitzgerald D, Fokin S, Frantz J, Franz A, Frawley A, Fukuda Y, Gallus P, Gal C, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene S, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Hachiya T, Haggerty J, Hahn K, Hamagaki H, Hamilton H, Hanks J, Han S, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Haseler T, Hemmick T, He X, Hill J, Hill K, Hodges A, Hollis R, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak B, Jezghani M, Jiang X, Ji Z, Johnson B, Jouan D, Jumper D, Kang J, Kapukchyan D, Karthas S, Kawall D, Kazantsev A, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kim C, Kim EJ, Kim M, Kim T, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kotov D, Kovacs L, Kudo S, Kurita K, Kwon Y, Lajoie J, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee S, Lee S, Leitch M, Leung Y, Lewis N, Lim S, Liu M, Li X, Loggins VR, Loomis D, Lovasz K, Lynch D, Lökös S, Majoros T, Makdisi Y, Makek M, Manko V, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey P, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Mignerey A, Milov A, Mishra D, Mitchell J, Mitrankova M, Mitrankov I, Mitrankov I, Mitsuka G, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal M, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison D, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagai K, Nagashima K, Nagashima T, Nagle J, Nagy M, Nakagawa I, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin A, O’Brien E, Ogilvie C, Orjuela Koop J, Osborn J, Oskarsson A, Ottino G, Ozawa K, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park S, Patel M, Pate S, Peng W, Perepelitsa D, Perera G, Peressounko D, PerezLara C, Perry J, Petti R, Phipps M, Pinkenburg C, Pisani R, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke M, Radzevich P, Ramasubramanian N, Read K, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Rinn T, Rolnick S, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Runchey J, Safonov A, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Schaefer B, Schmoll B, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shioya T, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva C, Silvermyr D, Singh B, Singh C, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith K, Snowball M, Soltz R, Sondheim W, Sorensen S, Sourikova I, Stankus P, Stoll S, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Tanida K, Tannenbaum M, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarnai G, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Towell C, Towell R, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke H, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vukman N, Wang X, Watanabe Y, Wong C, Woody C, Xue L, Xu C, Xu Q, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi Y, Yamamoto H, Yanovich A, Yoon I, Yoo J, Yushmanov I, Yu H, Zajc W, Zelenski A, Zharko S, Zou L. Transverse-single-spin asymmetries of charged pions at midrapidity in transversely polarized
p+p
collisions at
s=200 GeV. Int J Clin Exp Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.032003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Taylor JA, Burnell M, Ryana A, Karpinskyj C, Kalsi JK, Taylor H, Apostolidou S, Sharma A, Manchanda R, Woolas R, Campbell S, Parmar M, Singh N, Jacobs IJ, Menon U, Gentry-Maharaj A. Association of hysterectomy and invasive epithelial ovarian and tubal cancer: a cohort study within UKCTOCS. BJOG 2022; 129:110-118. [PMID: 34555263 PMCID: PMC7615389 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between hysterectomy with conservation of one or both adnexa and ovarian and tubal cancer. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Thirteen NHS Trusts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. POPULATION A total of 202 506 postmenopausal women recruited between 2001 and 2005 to the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS) and followed up until 31 December 2014. METHODS Multiple sources (questionnaires, hospital notes, Hospital Episodes Statistics, national cancer/death registries, ultrasound reports) were used to obtain accurate data on hysterectomy (with conservation of one or both adnexa) and outcomes censored at bilateral oophorectomy, death, ovarian/tubal cancer diagnosis, loss to follow up or 31 December 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Invasive epithelial ovarian and tubal cancer (WHO 2014) on independent outcome review. RESULTS Hysterectomy with conservation of one or both adnexa was reported in 41 912 (20.7%; 41 912/202 506) women. Median follow up was 11.1 years (interquartile range 9.96-12.04), totalling >2.17 million woman-years. Among women who had undergone hysterectomy, 0.55% (231/41 912) were diagnosed with ovarian/tubal cancer, compared with 0.59% (945/160 594) of those with intact uterus. Multivariable analysis showed no evidence of an association between hysterectomy and invasive epithelial ovarian/tubal cancer (hazard ratio 0.98, 95% CI 0.85-1.13, P = 0.765). CONCLUSIONS This large cohort study provides further independent validation that hysterectomy is not associated with alteration of invasive epithelial ovarian and tubal cancer risk. These data are important both for clinical counselling and for refining risk prediction models. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Hysterectomy does not alter risk of invasive epithelial ovarian and tubal cancer.
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Acharya UA, Aidala C, Akiba Y, Alfred M, Andrieux V, Apadula N, Asano H, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bandara NS, Barish KN, Bathe S, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Belmont R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bichon L, Blankenship B, Blau DS, Bok JS, Brooks ML, Bryslawskyj J, Bumazhnov V, Campbell S, Canoa Roman V, Cervantes R, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Citron Z, Connors M, Corliss R, Corrales Morales Y, Cronin N, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Danley TW, Daugherity MS, David G, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dion A, Dixit D, Do JH, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esha R, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fan W, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fitzgerald D, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fukuda Y, Gal C, Gallus P, Garg P, Ge H, Giles M, Giordano F, Goto Y, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guragain H, Hachiya T, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamilton HF, Han SY, Hanks J, Harvey M, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, He X, Hemmick TK, Hill JC, Hill K, Hodges A, Hollis RS, Homma K, Hong B, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ivanishchev D, Jacak BV, Jezghani M, Ji Z, Jiang X, Johnson BM, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kang JH, Kapukchyan D, Karthas S, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Khatiwada A, Kim C, Kim EJ, Kim M, Kincses D, Kingan A, Kistenev E, Klatsky J, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kotov D, Kudo S, Kurgyis B, Kurita K, Kwon Y, Lajoie JG, Larionova D, Lebedev A, Lee S, Lee SH, Leitch MJ, Leung YH, Lewis NA, Li X, Lim SH, Liu MX, Loggins VR, Lökös S, Loomis DA, Lovasz K, Lynch D, Majoros T, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Manko VI, Mannel E, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Mendoza M, Mignerey AC, Milov A, Mishra DK, Mitchell JT, Mitrankov I, Mitrankova M, Mitsuka G, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mondal MM, Montuenga P, Moon T, Morrison DP, Mulilo B, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagai K, Nagashima K, Nagashima T, Nagle JL, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nelson S, Niida T, Nouicer R, Novák T, Novitzky N, Nukazuka G, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ottino GJ, Ozawa K, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park JS, Park S, Pate SF, Patel M, Peng W, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peressounko DY, PerezLara CE, Perry J, Petti R, Phipps M, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Potekhin M, Pun A, Purschke ML, Radzevich PV, Ramasubramanian N, Read KF, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richford D, Rinn T, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rowan Z, Runchey J, Safonov AS, Sakaguchi T, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sarsour M, Sato S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Sen A, Seto R, Sexton A, Sharma D, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shioya T, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Smith KL, Snowball M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sun Z, Sziklai J, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarnai G, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Tomášek M, Towell CL, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Ueda Y, Ujvari B, van Hecke HW, Velkovska J, Virius M, Vrba V, Vukman N, Wang XR, Watanabe YS, Wong CP, Woody CL, Xu C, Xu Q, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yamamoto H, Yanovich A, Yoo JH, Yoon I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zharko S, Zou L. Probing Gluon Spin-Momentum Correlations in Transversely Polarized Protons through Midrapidity Isolated Direct Photons in p^{↑}+p Collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:162001. [PMID: 34723614 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.162001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Studying spin-momentum correlations in hadronic collisions offers a glimpse into a three-dimensional picture of proton structure. The transverse single-spin asymmetry for midrapidity isolated direct photons in p^{↑}+p collisions at sqrt[s]=200 GeV is measured with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Because direct photons in particular are produced from the hard scattering and do not interact via the strong force, this measurement is a clean probe of initial-state spin-momentum correlations inside the proton and is in particular sensitive to gluon interference effects within the proton. This is the first time direct photons have been used as a probe of spin-momentum correlations at RHIC. The uncertainties on the results are a 50-fold improvement with respect to those of the one prior measurement for the same observable, from the Fermilab E704 experiment. These results constrain gluon spin-momentum correlations in transversely polarized protons.
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Thomson F, Stratton C, Phillips I, Mackean M, Barrie C, Campbell S, Tufail A, Maclennan K, Evans T, Stares M. FP12.04 Obesity is Associated With Greater Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic NSCLC Receiving First-Line Pembrolizumab. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Murithi JM, Pascal C, Bath J, Boulenc X, Gnädig NF, Pasaje CFA, Rubiano K, Yeo T, Mok S, Klieber S, Desert P, Jiménez-Díaz MB, Marfurt J, Rouillier M, Cherkaoui-Rbati MH, Gobeau N, Wittlin S, Uhlemann AC, Price RN, Wirjanata G, Noviyanti R, Tumwebaze P, Cooper RA, Rosenthal PJ, Sanz LM, Gamo FJ, Joseph J, Singh S, Bashyam S, Augereau JM, Giraud E, Bozec T, Vermat T, Tuffal G, Guillon JM, Menegotto J, Sallé L, Louit G, Cabanis MJ, Nicolas MF, Doubovetzky M, Merino R, Bessila N, Angulo-Barturen I, Baud D, Bebrevska L, Escudié F, Niles JC, Blasco B, Campbell S, Courtemanche G, Fraisse L, Pellet A, Fidock DA, Leroy D. The antimalarial MMV688533 provides potential for single-dose cures with a high barrier to Plasmodium falciparum parasite resistance. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/603/eabg6013. [PMID: 34290058 PMCID: PMC8530196 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg6013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to first-line antimalarials creates an imperative to identify and develop potent preclinical candidates with distinct modes of action. Here, we report the identification of MMV688533, an acylguanidine that was developed following a whole-cell screen with compounds known to hit high-value targets in human cells. MMV688533 displays fast parasite clearance in vitro and is not cross-resistant with known antimalarials. In a P. falciparum NSG mouse model, MMV688533 displays a long-lasting pharmacokinetic profile and excellent safety. Selection studies reveal a low propensity for resistance, with modest loss of potency mediated by point mutations in PfACG1 and PfEHD. These proteins are implicated in intracellular trafficking, lipid utilization, and endocytosis, suggesting interference with these pathways as a potential mode of action. This preclinical candidate may offer the potential for a single low-dose cure for malaria.
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Campbell S, Janse van Rensburg EJ. Numerical estimates of square lattice star vertex exponents. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:052137. [PMID: 34134243 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.052137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We implement parallel versions of the generalized atmospheric Rosenbluth methods and Wang-Landau algorithms for stars and for acyclic uniform branched networks in the square lattice. These are models of monodispersed branched polymers, and we estimate the star vertex exponents σ_{f} for f stars, and the entropic exponent γ_{G} for networks with comb and brush connectivity in two dimensions. Our results verify the predicted (but not rigorously proven) exact values of the vertex exponents and we test the scaling relation [B. Duplantier, J. Stat. Phys. 54, 581 (1989)JSTPBS0022-471510.1007/BF01019770]γ_{G}-1=[under ∑]f≥1m_{f}σ_{f}for several acyclic branched networks in two dimensions.
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CHAN S, Morrison M, Hawley C, Campbell S, Francis R, Isbel N, Pascoe E, Johnson D. POS-709 Characteristics of the gastrointestinal microbiota in paired live kidney donors and recipients. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Keogh C, Phillips I, Horne A, Maclennan K, Tufail A, Evans T, Campbell S, Finn D, Smith C. P20.05 Oesophageal Dose Predicts on Treatment Toxicity in Patients Receiving Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Glanville L, Phillips I, Mackean M, Reid P, Boellert F, Mencnarowski J, Borthwick D, Little F, Maclennan K, Tufail A, Evans T, Barrie C, Campbell S. P09.32 Is the New Patient Respiratory Appointment an Appropriate Time to Refer Patients With Likely Lung Cancer for Prehabilitation? J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ferreira RAA, Junior CDOR, Martinez PDG, Koovits PJ, Soares BM, Ferreira LLG, Michelan-Duarte S, Chelucci RC, Andricopulo AD, Galuppo MK, Uliana SRB, Matheeussen A, Caljon G, Maes L, Campbell S, Kratz JM, Mowbray CE, Dias LC. 2-aminobenzimidazoles for leishmaniasis: From initial hit discovery to in vivo profiling. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009196. [PMID: 33617566 PMCID: PMC7932521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a major infectious disease with hundreds of thousands of new cases and over 20,000 deaths each year. The current drugs to treat this life-threatening infection have several drawbacks such as toxicity and long treatment regimens. A library of 1.8 million compounds, from which the hits reported here are publicly available, was screened against Leishmania infantum as part of an optimization program; a compound was found with a 2-aminobenzimidazole functionality presenting moderate potency, low metabolic stability and high lipophilicity. Several rounds of synthesis were performed to incorporate chemical groups capable of reducing lipophilicity and clearance, leading to the identification of compounds that are active against different parasite strains and have improved in vitro properties. As a result of this optimization program, a group of compounds was further tested in anticipation of in vivo evaluation. In vivo tests were carried out with compounds 29 (L. infantum IC50: 4.1 μM) and 39 (L. infantum IC50: 0.5 μM) in an acute L. infantum VL mouse model, which showed problems of poor exposure and lack of efficacy, despite the good in vitro potency. Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people worldwide and, in the case of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is potentially fatal if untreated. Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania spp. are the causative agents of leishmaniasis, which has different clinical manifestations, including the visceral form and a cutaneous form that causes disfiguring skin lesions. The current treatment options are limited either by the length of treatment or toxic side effects. Starting from a promising hit in an in vitro phenotypic screen, hundreds of analogues were synthesized with the aim of finding a molecule capable of killing the parasite whilst causing little or no harm to the patient. The program led to several active compounds with good in vitro activity against L. infantum intracellular amastigotes, however, in vivo data showed low parasiticidal efficacy.
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Huyer LD, Mandla S, Wang Y, Campbell S, Yee B, Euler C, Lai BF, Bannerman D, Lin DSY, Montgomery M, Nemr K, Bender T, Epelman S, Mahadevan R, Radisic M. Macrophage immunomodulation through new polymers that recapitulate functional effects of itaconate as a power house of innate immunity. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2003341. [PMID: 33708036 PMCID: PMC7942808 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202003341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Itaconate (ITA) is an emerging powerhouse of innate immunity with therapeutic potential that is limited in its ability to be administered in a soluble form. We developed a library of polyester materials that incorporate ITA into polymer backbones resulting in materials with inherent immunoregulatory behavior. Harnessing hydrolytic degradation release from polyester backbones, ITA polymers resulted in the mechanism specific immunoregulatory properties on macrophage polarization in vitro. In a functional assay, the polymer-released ITA inhibited bacterial growth on acetate. Translation to an in vivo model of biomaterial associated inflammation, intraperitoneal injection of ITA polymers demonstrated a rapid resolution of inflammation in comparison to a control polymer silicone, demonstrating the value of sustained biomimetic presentation of ITA.
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