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DeHaan LL, Copeland CD, Burney JA, Nakamura Y, Yashiro M, Shimizu C, Miyata K, Burns JC, Cayan DR. Age-Dependent Variations in Kawasaki Disease Incidence in Japan. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2355001. [PMID: 38319657 PMCID: PMC10848069 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.55001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) remains elusive, with immunologic and epidemiologic data suggesting different triggers in individuals who are genetically susceptible. KD remains the most common cause of acquired heart disease in pediatric patients, and Japan is the country of highest incidence, with an increasing number of cases. Objective To investigate whether an analysis of the epidemiologic KD record in Japan stratified by age and prefecture (subregion) may yield new clues regarding mechanisms of exposure to etiologic agents associated with KD. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study was conducted using a dataset of patients with KD with detailed information on location and age at onset created through nationwide surveys of hospitals caring for pediatric patients with KD throughout Japan. Pediatric patients hospitalized in Japan for KD from 1970 to 2020 were included. Data were analyzed from January 2022 to January 2024. Exposure Pediatric patients with KD. Main Outcomes and Measures The KD dataset was analyzed by patient age (infants [aged <6 months], toddlers [aged 6 to <24 months], children aged 2 years [aged 24 to <36 months], and children and adolescents aged 3 years or older [aged ≥36 months]), with investigations of seasonal cycles, interannual variations, and correlations across regions. Results Among 422 528 pediatric patients (243 803 males [57.7%] and 178 732 females [42.3%]; median [IQR] age, 23.69 [11.96-42.65] months), infants, toddlers, and patients aged 3 years or older exhibited different rates of increase in KD incidence, seasonality, and degrees of coherence of seasonality across prefectures. Although the mean (SD) incidence of KD among infants remained relatively stable over the past 30 years compared with older patients (1.00 [0.07] in 1987-1992 to 2.05 [0.11] in 2011-2016), the mean (SD) incidence rate for children and adolescents aged 3 years or older increased 5.2-fold, from 1.00 (0.08) in 1987 to 1992 to 5.17 (0.46) in 2014 to 2019. Patients aged 3 years or older saw a reduction in mean (SD) incidence, from peaks of 5.71 (0.01) in October 2014 through June 2015 and July 2018 through March 2019 to 4.69 (0.11) in 2016 to 2017 (17.8% reduction) not seen in younger children. The seasonal cycle varied by age group; for example, mean (SD) incidence peaked in July and August (5.63 [0.07] cases/100 000 individuals) for infants and in December and January (4.67 [0.13] cases/100 000 individuals) for toddlers. Mean (SD) incidence changed dramatically for toddlers beginning in the early 2010s; for example, the normalized mean (SD) incidence among toddlers for October was 0.74 (0.03) in 1992 to 1995 and 1.10 (0.01) in 2016 to 2019. Across Japan, the seasonal cycle of KD incidence of older children and adolescents exhibited mean (SD) correlation coefficients between prefectures as high as 0.78 (0.14) for prefecture 14 among patients aged 3 years or older, while that of infants was much less (highest mean [SD] correlation coefficient, 0.43 [0.23]). Conclusions and Relevance This study found distinct temporal signatures and changing spatial consistency of KD incidence across age groups, suggesting different age-related mechanisms of exposure. Some results suggested that social factors may modulate exposure to etiologic agents of KD; however, the increase in KD incidence in older children coupled with the correlation across prefectures of KD incidence suggest that the intensity of an environmental exposure that triggers KD in this age group may have increased over time.
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Kubota Y, Kawazoe A, Mishima S, Nakamura Y, Kotani D, Kuboki Y, Bando H, Kojima T, Doi T, Yoshino T, Kuwata T, Shitara K. Corrigendum to "Comprehensive clinical and molecular characterization of claudin 18.2 expression in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer": [ESMO Open 8 (2023) 100762]. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102232. [PMID: 38194883 PMCID: PMC10820305 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
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Konda N, Sakai R, Saeki K, Matsubara Y, Nakamura Y, Miyamae T, Nakaoka Y, Harigai M. Nationwide clinical and epidemiological study of large-vessel vasculitis in Japan in 2017. Mod Rheumatol 2023; 34:167-174. [PMID: 36737863 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted a nationwide epidemiological study to estimate the number of patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) in Japan and to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients. METHODS The first survey was designed to estimate the number of patients with TAK and GCA who were treated at medical institutions in Japan in 2017. The second survey was designed to collect data on the clinical characteristics of the patients who were reported in the first survey. RESULTS Of the 3495 institutions selected for the first survey, 1960 (56.1%) responded. The number of patients with clinically diagnosed TAK and GCA was estimated to be 5320 (95% confidence interval, 4810-5820) and 3200 (95% confidence interval, 2830-3570), respectively. Aortic regurgitation was reported in 35% of patients with TAK, and eye-related comorbidities were observed in 30.4% of patients with GCA. The common carotid and internal carotid arteries were the most frequently involved in patients with TAK (62.7%). Subclavian artery lesions and thoracic or abdominal aorta lesions were reported in 31% and 42.6% of patients with GCA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The number of patients with TAK and GCA was estimated simultaneously, and significant differences in clinical characteristics were observed between the two diseases.
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Takatani R, Kubota T, Minagawa M, Inoue D, Fukumoto S, Ozono K, Nakamura Y. Prevalence of Pseudohypoparathyroidism and Nonsurgical Hypoparathyroidism in Japan in 2017: A Nationwide Survey. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:569-573. [PMID: 36123043 PMCID: PMC10518380 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and nonsurgical hypoparathyroidism (NS-HypoPT) are rare diseases with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and high and low parathyroid hormone levels, respectively. In Japan, over 20 years have passed since the last survey on these diseases. We carried out a nationwide cross-sectional survey to estimate the prevalence of these diseases in 2018. METHODS We conducted a nationwide mail-based survey targeting hospitals in 2018. From a total of 13,156 departments throughout Japan, including internal medicine, pediatrics, neurology, and psychiatry, 3,501 (27%) departments were selected using a stratified random sampling method. We asked each included department to report the number of patients with PHP and NS-HypoPT in 2017. RESULTS The overall survey response rate was 52.0% (1,807 departments). The estimated number of patients with PHP and NS-HypoPT was 1,484 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1,143-1,825) and 2,304 (95% CI, 1,189-3,419), respectively; the prevalence per 100,000 population was 1.2 and 1.8, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, we generated estimates of the national prevalence of PHP and NS-HypoPT in Japan during 2017, which were found to be higher than those previously reported.
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Wimalarathne HDA, Nakamura Y, Ishizaka K, Silva BDK, Sasakura K, Shimada M, Kibushi M, Sakase M, Kawate N. Age-related changes in circulating INSL3 concentrations and their associations with ovarian conditions in Japanese Black beef cattle. Theriogenology 2023; 211:97-104. [PMID: 37603938 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Information on circulating levels of insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in female domesticated animals is limited, as their concentrations are significantly lower than in males. The objectives of the present study were to 1) develop a sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) with higher detectability to measure blood INSL3 concentrations in female cattle, 2) determine INSL3 concentrations in female cattle among age groups and reproductive conditions, and 3) explore associations between INSL3 levels and ultrasonographic ovarian measurements. Blood was collected repeatedly from Japanese Black beef female calves (n = 12; 0-8 mo), heifers (n = 10; 10-26 mo), and cows (n = 20; 27-200 mo). Blood was taken from the cows (n = 13) at follicular, post-ovulatory, and luteal phases, and from cows with follicular cysts (n = 12). Ultrasonography of ovaries was conducted in the calves (n = 12) and the cows without ovarian diseases (n = 9). The ovarian area, as well as the number and diameters of antral follicles ≥ 2 mm, were determined in each ovary. The proposed method detected a difference in plasma INSL3 between calves (0.01 ng/mL) and heifers (0.18 ng/mL). However, the conventional assay showed similar levels for calves and heifers (1.82 vs 2.07 ng/mL). Plasma INSL3 and testosterone concentrations increased from calves to heifers (P < 0.0001), but only INSL3 rose from heifers to cows (P < 0.0001). INSL3 and testosterone concentrations did not change across the estrus cycle in cows, and the levels of both hormones in follicular cystic cows did not differ from those in the follicular phase. Ovarian area, maximal and average follicular diameters, and total volume of all follicles per animal were higher in cows than calves (P < 0.001). Plasma INSL3 concentrations correlated positively with the total volumes of all follicles in calves (P < 0.05) and cows (P < 0.05), whereas testosterone concentrations did not correlate with ovarian follicular measurements. In conclusion, plasma INSL3 concentrations measured by the proposed sandwich TRFIA showed a clear increase from female calves to cows in beef cattle. These results suggest that circulating levels of INSL3, but not of testosterone, are associated with the total volume of all antral follicles in both ovaries per animal in female cattle.
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Matsui N, Tanaka K, Ishida M, Yamamoto Y, Matsubara Y, Saika R, Iizuka T, Nakamura K, Kuriyama N, Matsui M, Arisawa K, Nakamura Y, Kaji R, Kuwabara S, Izumi Y. Prevalence, Clinical Profiles, and Prognosis of Stiff-Person Syndrome in a Japanese Nationwide Survey. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2023; 10:e200165. [PMID: 37739810 PMCID: PMC10519438 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To elucidate current epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic profiles and treatments of stiff-person syndrome (SPS) in Japan. METHODS A nationwide mail survey was conducted using an established method. Data processing sheets were sent to randomly selected departments of internal medicine, neurology, pediatrics, psychiatry, and neurosurgery in hospitals and clinics throughout Japan to identify patients with SPS who were seen between January 2015 and December 2017. RESULTS Thirty cases were identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-positive SPS cases on the basis of detailed clinical data of 55 cases. Four patients had α1 subunit of glycine receptor (GlyR) antibodies, and 1 patient had both GAD65 and GlyR antibodies. The total estimated number of patients with GAD65-positive SPS was 140, and the estimated prevalence was 0.11 per 100,000 population. The median age at onset was 51 years (range, 26-83 years), and 23 (76%) were female. Of these, 70% had classic SPS, and 30% had stiff-limb syndrome. The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was significantly longer in the high-titer GAD65 antibody group than in the low-titer group (13 months vs 2.5 months, p = 0.01). The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at baseline was 4, and the median mRS at the last follow-up was 2. Among the 29 GAD65-positive patients with ≥1 year follow-up, 7 received only symptomatic treatment, 9 underwent immunotherapy without long-term immunotherapy, and 13 received long-term immunotherapy such as oral prednisolone. The coexistence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and the lack of long-term immunotherapy were independent risk factors for poor outcome (mRS ≥3) in the GAD65-positive patients (odds ratio, 15.0; 95% CI 2.6-131.6; p = 0.001; odds ratio, 19.8; 95% CI 3.2-191.5; p = 0.001, respectively). DISCUSSION This study provides the current epidemiologic and clinical status of SPS in Japan. The symptom onset to the diagnosis of SPS was longer in patients with high-titer GAD65 antibodies than in those with low-titer GAD65 antibodies. The outcome of patients with SPS was generally favorable, but more aggressive immunotherapies are necessary for GAD65-positive patients with SPS.
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Tanaka H, Mizuma K, Nakamura Y, Hirata A, Miyazaki J, Suzuki K, Seta H, Watanabe H, Suzuki T, Watanabe R, Murayama N, Okamura T, Nakamura S. Predicting habitual water intake from lifestyle questions. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2023; 27:8829-8841. [PMID: 37782192 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have used selective recall and descriptive dietary record methods, requiring considerable effort for assessing food and water intake. This study created a simplified lifestyle questionnaire to predict habitual water intake (SQW), accurately and quickly assessing the habitual water intake. We also evaluated the validity using descriptive dietary records as a cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS First, we used crowdsourcing and machine learning to collect data, predict water intake records, and create questionnaires. We collected 305 lifestyle-related questions as predictor variables and selective recall methods for assessing water intake as an outcome variable. Random forests were used for the machine learning models because of their interpretability and accurate estimation. Random forest and single regression correlation analysis were augmented by the synthetic minority oversampling that trained the model. We separated the data by sex and evaluated our model using unseen hold-out testing data, predicting the individual and overall habitual water intake from various sources, including non-alcoholic beverages, alcohol, and food. RESULTS We found a 0.60 Spearman's correlation coefficient for total water intake between the predicted and the selective recall method values, reflecting the target value to be achieved. This question set was then used for feasibility tests. The descriptive dietary record method helped to obtain a ground-truth value. We categorized the data by gender, season, and source: non-alcoholic beverages, alcohol, food, and total water intake, and the correlation was confirmed. Consequently, our results showed a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.50 for total water intake between the predicted and the selective recall method values. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that dissemination of SQW can lead to better health management by easily determining the habitual water intake.
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Wang SP, Ridolfo A, Li T, Savasta S, Nori F, Nakamura Y, You JQ. Probing the symmetry breaking of a light-matter system by an ancillary qubit. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4397. [PMID: 37474535 PMCID: PMC10359332 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid quantum systems in the ultrastrong, and even more in the deep-strong, coupling regimes can exhibit exotic physical phenomena and promise new applications in quantum technologies. In these nonperturbative regimes, a qubit-resonator system has an entangled quantum vacuum with a nonzero average photon number in the resonator, where the photons are virtual and cannot be directly detected. The vacuum field, however, is able to induce the symmetry breaking of a dispersively coupled probe qubit. We experimentally observe the parity symmetry breaking of an ancillary Xmon artificial atom induced by the field of a lumped-element superconducting resonator deep-strongly coupled with a flux qubit. This result opens a way to experimentally explore the novel quantum-vacuum effects emerging in the deep-strong coupling regime.
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Miyanishi K, Sugiki T, Matsui T, Ozawa R, Hatanaka Y, Enozawa H, Nakamura Y, Murata T, Kagawa A, Morita Y, Fujiwara T, Kitagawa M, Negoro M. Protein-Ligand Interaction Analyses with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Enhanced by Dissolution Triplet Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:6241-6247. [PMID: 37401781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a powerful method for the analysis of intermolecular interactions within a biomolecular system. However, low sensitivity is one of the major obstacles of NMR. We improved the sensitivity of solution-state 13C NMR for the observation of intermolecular interactions between protein and ligand using hyperpolarized solution samples at room temperature. Eutectic crystals composed of 13C-salicylic acid and benzoic acid doped with pentacene were hyperpolarized by dynamic nuclear polarization using photoexcited triplet electrons, and a 13C nuclear polarization of 0.72 ± 0.07% was achieved after dissolution. The binding of human serum albumin and 13C-salicylate was observed with several hundred times sensitivity enhancement under mild conditions. The established 13C NMR was applied for pharmaceutical NMR experiments by observation of the partial return of the 13C chemical shift of salicylate by competitive binding with other non-isotope-labeled drugs.
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Yoshino T, Cervantes A, Bando H, Martinelli E, Oki E, Xu RH, Mulansari NA, Govind Babu K, Lee MA, Tan CK, Cornelio G, Chong DQ, Chen LT, Tanasanvimon S, Prasongsook N, Yeh KH, Chua C, Sacdalan MD, Sow Jenson WJ, Kim ST, Chacko RT, Syaiful RA, Zhang SZ, Curigliano G, Mishima S, Nakamura Y, Ebi H, Sunakawa Y, Takahashi M, Baba E, Peters S, Ishioka C, Pentheroudakis G. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101558. [PMID: 37236086 PMCID: PMC10220270 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), published in late 2022, were adapted in December 2022, according to previously established standard methodology, to produce the Pan-Asian adapted (PAGA) ESMO consensus guidelines for the management of Asian patients with mCRC. The adapted guidelines presented in this manuscript represent the consensus opinions reached by a panel of Asian experts in the treatment of patients with mCRC representing the oncological societies of China (CSCO), Indonesia (ISHMO), India (ISMPO), Japan (JSMO), Korea (KSMO), Malaysia (MOS), the Philippines (PSMO), Singapore (SSO), Taiwan (TOS) and Thailand (TSCO), co-ordinated by ESMO and the Japanese Society of Medical Oncology (JSMO). The voting was based on scientific evidence and was independent of the current treatment practices, drug access restrictions and reimbursement decisions in the different Asian countries. The latter are discussed separately in the manuscript. The aim is to provide guidance for the optimisation and harmonisation of the management of patients with mCRC across the different countries of Asia, drawing on the evidence provided by both Western and Asian trials, whilst respecting the differences in screening practices, molecular profiling and age and stage at presentation, coupled with a disparity in the drug approvals and reimbursement strategies, between the different countries.
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Harabayashi R, Takahashi M, Takahashi K, Sugimoto T, Uchida J, Nakamura Y, Nagayama K. Safety Profile of the Concomitant Use of Atorvastatin and Cyclosporine in Renal Transplant Recipients. DIE PHARMAZIE 2023; 78:47-50. [PMID: 37189269 DOI: 10.1691/ph.2023.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporine (CyA) and atorvastatin (AT) are often administered concomitantly to treat dyslipidemia in renal transplant recipients. However, CyA greatly increases the plasma concentration of AT; therefore, concomitant use might increase the frequency of statin-induced adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether concomitant use of CyA and AT increases intolerance of the latter agent in Japanese renal transplantation recipients. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of renal transplant recipients aged 18 years and older who had concomitantly received AT and CyA, or tacrolimus (Tac) therapy. We defined statin intolerance as a decrease in dose or discontinuation of AT due to adverse effects. We evaluated the incidence of statin intolerance in concomitant therapy with CyA for 100 days after the initial administration of AT in comparison with Tac. A total of 144 renal transplant recipients who received AT and CyA, or Tac between January 2013 and December 2019 were included. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of statin intolerance in both the CyA (1.8%; 1/57 patients) and Tac (3.4%; 3/87 patients) groups. Concomitant use of CyA and AT might not increase the incidence of statin intolerance in Japanese renal transplant recipients.
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Nakamichi K, Miura Y, Shimokawa T, Takahashi K, Suzuki T, Funata N, Harada M, Mori K, Sanjo N, Yukitake M, Takahashi K, Hamaguchi T, Izaki S, Oji S, Nakahara J, Ae R, Kosami K, Nukuzuma S, Nakamura Y, Nomura K, Kishida S, Mizusawa H, Yamada M, Takao M, Ebihara H, Saijo M. Nationwide Laboratory Surveillance of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Japan: Fiscal Years 2011-2020. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040968. [PMID: 37112948 PMCID: PMC10144269 DOI: 10.3390/v15040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a devastating demyelinating disease caused by JC virus (JCV), predominantly affecting patients with impaired cellular immunity. PML is a non-reportable disease with a few exceptions, making national surveillance difficult. In Japan, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for JCV in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is performed at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases to support PML diagnosis. To clarify the overall profile of PML in Japan, patient data provided at the time of CSF-JCV testing over 10 years (FY2011-2020) were analyzed. PCR testing for 1537 new suspected PML cases was conducted, and 288 (18.7%) patients tested positive for CSF-JCV. An analysis of the clinical information on all individuals tested revealed characteristics of PML cases, including the geographic distribution, age and sex patterns, and CSF-JCV-positivity rates among the study subjects for each type of underlying condition. During the last five years of the study period, a surveillance system utilizing ultrasensitive PCR testing and widespread clinical attention to PML led to the detection of CSF-JCV in the earlier stages of the disease. The results of this study will provide valuable information not only for PML diagnosis, but also for the treatment of PML-predisposing conditions.
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Ito Y, Kato T, Yoshida K, Takahashi K, Fukutomi Y, Nagao M, Fukuie T, Matsuzaki H, Gotoh M, Tanaka A, Konno S, Tezuka J, Nakamura Y, Adachi Y. Prevalence of Allergic Diseases across All Ages in Japan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Employing Designated Allergic Disease Medical Hospital Network. JMA J 2023; 6:165-174. [PMID: 37179734 PMCID: PMC10169263 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2022-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergic diseases affect both children and adults, but generation-specific prevalence rates are unclear. Methods An online questionnaire was used from December 2021 to January 2022 to survey the prevalence of allergic diseases among staff and their families of designated allergic disease medical hospitals in Japan. In this study, bronchial asthma (BA), atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergies (FAs), allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), metal allergies (MAs), and drug allergies (DAs) were the allergic diseases surveyed. Results In total, 18,706 individuals were surveyed (median age, 36 years; quartile range, 18-50). Allergic disease was reported in 62.2% of respondents. Across all ages, prevalence rates were as follows: BA (14.7%), AD (15.6%), FAs (15.2%), AR (47.4%), AC (19.5%), MAs (1.9%), and DAs (4.6%). The prevalence of BA and AR was higher in male children, whereas that of FAs and AC was higher in adult females. The prevalence of MAs and DAs peaked during adulthood and predominated among females. Conclusions Our results suggest that approximately two-thirds of the Japanese population may have an allergic disease, with AR being the most prevalent.
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Koi Y, Koh S, Tajiri W, Kawasaki J, Akiyoshi S, Koga C, Nakamura Y, Taguchi K, Tokunaga E. P172 Different incidence of brain metastasis according to HER2 expression level in patients with triple negative breast cancer. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
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Koh S, Koi Y, Tajiri W, Kawasaki J, Akiyoshi S, Nakamura Y, Koga C, Tokunaga E. P043 Characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with HER2-low breast cancer. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
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UMENE R, Wu C, Nakamura Y, Inoue T, Nishino T. WCN23-0404 SYNERGISTIC ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND RENAL PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS MEDIATED BY PARASYMPATHETIC AND SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS STIMULATION VIA IMMUNE SYSTEM. Kidney Int Rep 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
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Nakamura Y, Yoshida S, Arita Y, Takeshita R, Kimura K, Aida Y, Asai S, Maezawa Y, Yoshitomi K, Chen W, Soma T, Kobayashi M, Fujiwara M, Fan B, Ishikawa Y, Fukuda S, Waseda Y, Tanaka H, Yokoyama M, Jinzaki M, Fujii Y. Can we avoid second transurethral resection according to VI-RADS score in patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer? Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00645-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Kobayashi M, Matsuoka Y, Fukuda S, Kimura K, Fujiwara M, Nakamura Y, Ishikawa Y, Waseda Y, Tanaka H, Yoshida S, Yokoyama M, Fujii Y. Significance of MRI-ultrasound fusion targeted prostate biopsy for non-index PI-RADS ≥3 lesions in combination with index lesion-targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Kubota Y, Kawazoe A, Mishima S, Nakamura Y, Kotani D, Kuboki Y, Bando H, Kojima T, Doi T, Yoshino T, Kuwata T, Shitara K. Comprehensive clinical and molecular characterization of claudin 18.2 expression in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. ESMO Open 2023; 8:100762. [PMID: 36610262 PMCID: PMC10024138 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted comprehensive clinical and molecular characterization of claudin 18.2 expression (CLDN18.2) in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced GC/GEJC who received systemic chemotherapy from October 2015 to December 2019 with available tumor specimens were analyzed. We evaluated clinicopathological features of CLDN18.2 expression with four molecular subtypes: mismatch repair deficient, Epstein-Barr virus-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive, and others. In addition, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS), genomic alterations, and the expression of immune cell markers were assessed. Clinical outcomes of standard first- or second-line chemotherapy and subsequent anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy were also investigated according to CLDN18.2 expression. RESULTS Among 408 patients, CLDN18.2-positive (moderate-to-strong expression in ≥75%) was identified in 98 patients (24.0%) with almost equal distribution in the four molecular subtypes or CPS subgroups. CLDN18.2-positive was associated with Borrmann type 4, KRAS amplification, low CD16, and high CD68 expression. Overall survival with first-line chemotherapy was not significantly different between CLDN18.2-positive and -negative groups [median 18.4 versus 20.1 months; hazard ratio 1.26 (95% confidence interval 0.89-1.78); P = 0.191] regardless of stratification by PD-L1 CPS ≥5. Progression-free survival and objective response rates of first- and second-line chemotherapy, and anti-PD-1 therapy also showed no significant differences according to CLDN18.2 status. CONCLUSIONS CLDN18.2 expression in advanced GC/GEJC was associated with some clinical and molecular features but had no impact on treatment outcomes with chemotherapy or checkpoint inhibition. CLDN18.2-positive also had no impact on overall survival. This information could be useful to interpret the results from currently ongoing clinical trials of CLDN18.2-targeted therapies for advanced GC/GEJC and to consider a treatment strategy for CLDN18.2-positive GC/GEJC.
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Asai S, Kobayashi M, Fukuda S, Kimura K, Fujiwara M, Nakamura Y, Ishikawa Y, Waseda Y, Tanaka H, Yoshida S, Yokoyama M, Fujii Y. Significance of atypical nodules upgraded to category 3 in PI-RADS version 2.1 for the prostate cancer diagnosis. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Kurita A, Nakamura Y. [Health check-up results, death, and occurrence of the need for nursing care among Japanese older adults: Analysis using the Kokuho Database system]. [NIHON KOSHU EISEI ZASSHI] JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 70:16-26. [PMID: 36058876 DOI: 10.11236/jph.22-037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to clarify the association among health check-up results, death, and occurrence of the need for nursing care among Japanese older adults.Methods The participants were 24,909 males and 28,742 females. A medical system for late-stage older adults in the Tochigi Prefecture (Japan) insured, not qualified for long-term care insurance certification, and participated in health check-ups from April 2020 to March 2021. We recorded the occurrence of death and loss of independence from the date of health check-ups through the end of August 2021. Furthermore, we divided the participants into two groups based on the judgment value of medical consultation recommendations for the specified medical check-ups. In addition, we calculated 1-year survival and independence rates using the Kaplan-Meier method and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of death and loss of independence using the Cox's proportional hazard model.Results During the follow-up, 424 cases of deaths (281 males and 143 females) and 1,011 cases of loss of independence (529 males and 482 females) were identified. In addition, 1-year survival and independence rates for low serum albumin were 0.920-0.958, with the lowest in both the sexes. The Cox's proportional hazards model after adjusting for age, body mass index, and responses to the late-stage older adult questionnaire revealed that HRs of death (3.05 [2.00-4.64]) and loss of independence (2.58 [1.87-3.56]) for low hemoglobin were the highest in males, and those of death (5.87 [2.45-14.07]) and loss of independence (3.00 [1.70-5.29]) for low serum albumin were particularly high in females. In a previous study analyzing the loss of independence among older adults who participated in health check-ups, HRs of death for low serum albumin and hemoglobin were 2.7 [1.2-6.0] and 1.8 [1.1-2.9], respectively, and the current study results showed a higher tendency than that in the previous study. In addition, previous studies showed an association between low serum albumin and stroke and low hemoglobin and death. However, in the current study, HRs for low serum albumin and hemoglobin could be particularly high because the Tochigi Prefecture has a high age-adjusted mortality rate for cerebrovascular and cardiac diseases, in addition to low nutrition among individuals with risk factors for these diseases.Conclusion This study found that low nutrition among older adults in the Tochigi Prefecture was highly associated with the occurrence of death and the need for nursing care. In addition, the trends in mortality and the risk of loss of independence among older adults differed by region.
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Nakamura Y, Watanabe H, Tanaka A, Nishihira J, Murayama N. Effect of quercetin glycosides on cognitive functions and cerebral blood flow: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:8700-8712. [PMID: 36524489 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202212_30541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effects of quercetin glycoside-containing beverages on cognitive function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in adult men and women aged between 60 and 75 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty healthy men and women with no cognitive impairment and aware of ageing-related forgetfulness underwent a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, and parallel-group trial. They regularly consumed 500 mL of beverage containing 110 mg of quercetin glycoside as isoquercitrin for 40 weeks. Cognitive function assessment by Cognitrax was the endpoint of the study. The participants were assessed for CBF, health-related quality of life, as well as physical, biological, and hematological parameters, and lateral index. RESULTS Cognitrax demonstrated that the reaction time significantly improved in the quercetin glycoside intake group. The CBF measurement suggested that quercetin glycoside intake could likely suppress the decrease in cerebral blood volume, CBF, and cerebral activity owing to stress alleviation and inhibition of the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ), a waste product in the brain, although there were no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin glycoside intake as a beverage could improve reaction time and may potentially inhibit the decrease in CBF and suppress Aβ accumulation.
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Ae R, Makino N, Kuwabara M, Matsubara Y, Kosami K, Sasahara T, Nakamura Y. Incidence of Kawasaki Disease Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Results of the 26th Nationwide Survey, 2019 to 2020. JAMA Pediatr 2022; 176:1217-1224. [PMID: 36251290 PMCID: PMC9577881 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.3756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Global studies have reported that the incidence of Kawasaki disease (KD) declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies suggest that the global pandemic and its accompanying mitigation measures may provide an important opportunity to explore the hypothesis of a KD pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE To compare changes in KD incidence in Japan before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study was conducted using the data set from Japan's 26th nationwide KD survey that obtained information on patients who were diagnosed with KD in Japan from January 1, 2019, through December 31, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Kawasaki disease incidence rates were calculated by referring to the national population data in the vital statistics data for Japan. RESULTS A total of 28 520 patients were identified (16 236 male individuals [56.9%]; median [IQR] age, 26 [14-44] months). A total of 17 347 patients were diagnosed with KD in 2019 and 11 173 were diagnosed in 2020, representing a 35.6% reduction in the number of patients diagnosed in 2020 compared with the previous year. Patient distributions for days of illness at the first hospital visit were almost identical in 2019 and 2020, suggesting that the decrease in KD incidence likely was not associated with pandemic-related delays in seeking treatment. The proportion of patients diagnosed with KD who were younger than 12 months was significantly larger in 2020 than in 2019 (21.6% vs 19.4%; P < .001). Compared with KD incidence among younger patients, the incidence among those 24 months and older declined rapidly after initiation of COVID-19 special mitigation measures, with a greater percentage reduction (58.3% reduction in July), but rebounded faster after the end of the special mitigation period. By contrast, the incidence among patients younger than 12 months declined moderately after the initiation of the special mitigation period, with a lower percentage reduction (40.3% reduction in October), and rebounded at a later phase. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study, the number of patients diagnosed with KD decreased by approximately one-third across Japan in 2020, with no indication that parents avoided a hospital visit. Differences in KD incidence reduction patterns before and after the initiation of COVID-19 pandemic mitigation measures were found in patients with KD aged younger than 12 months compared with those 24 months or older, suggesting a potential KD pathogenesis involving transmission among children.
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Iwata A, Kado S, Murakumo M, Shikama T, Motojima G, Mori A, Feng C, Okada H, Minami T, Ohshima S, Kobayashi S, Ishizawa A, Nakamura Y, Konoshima S, Mizuuchi T, Nagasaki K. Measurement of Pa α line from pellet ablation cloud in Heliotron J. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:113537. [PMID: 36461543 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Paα line (1875.13 nm) in the near-infrared (NIR) region was evaluated to apply Stark broadening of the line spectrum to the electron density measurement of the small-pellet ablation cloud in Heliotron J, a medium-sized helical-axis heliotron device. Paα is three-to-four times broader than the visible Hβ line (486.13 nm) for the same electron density. Using a portable NIR spectrometer, preliminary proof-of-concept experiments determined the marginal density, below which the broadening was undetectable. The lower detection density limit can be decreased using a narrower entrance slit or a denser grating.
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Kondo S, Koyama T, Kawazoe A, Iwasa S, Yonemori K, Shitara K, Nakamura Y, Saori M, Yamamoto N, Sato J, Sahara T, Hayata N, Yamamuro S, Kimura T, Dutta L, Tamai T, Ikeda M. 401P A phase Ib study of E7386, a CREB-binding protein (CBP)/β-catenin interaction inhibitor, in combination with lenvatinib in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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