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Liaw CC, Wang HM, Wang CH, Yang TS, Chen JS, Chang HK, Lin YC, Liaw SJ, Yeh CT. Risk of transient hyperammonemic encephalopathy in cancer patients who received continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil with the complication of dehydration and infection. Anticancer Drugs 1999; 10:275-81. [PMID: 10327032 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199903000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
From 1986 to 1998, 29 cancer patients who had 32 episodes of transient hyperammonemic encephalopathy related to continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were identified. None of the patients had decompensated liver disease. Onset of hyperammonemic encephalopathy varied from 0.5 to 5 days (mean: 2.6 +/- 1.3 days) after the initiation of chemotherapy. Plasma ammonium level ranged from 248 to 2387 microg% (mean: 626 +/- 431 microg%). Among the 32 episodes, 26 (81%) had various degrees of azotemia, 18 (56%) occurred during bacterial infections and 14 (44%) without infection occurred during periods of dehydration. Higher plasma ammonium levels and more rapid onset of hyperammonemia were seen in 18 patients with bacterial infections (p=0.003 and 0.0006, respectively) and in nine patients receiving high daily doses (2600 or 1800 mg/m2) of 5-FU (p=0.0001 and < 0.0001, respectively). In 25 out of 32 episodes (78%), plasma ammonium levels and mental status returned to normal within 2 days after adequate management. In conclusion, hyperammonemic encephalopathy can occur in patients receiving continuous infusion of 5-FU. Azotemia, body fluid insufficiency and bacterial infections were frequently found in these patients. It is therefore important to recognize this condition in patients receiving continuous infusion of 5-FU.
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Lin YC, Lee WT, Wang PJ, Shen YZ. Vocal cord paralysis and hypoventilation in a patient with suspected Leigh disease. Pediatr Neurol 1999; 20:223-5. [PMID: 10207933 DOI: 10.1016/s0887-8994(98)00137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The authors report the case of a 16-month-old male with suspected Leigh disease, which was diagnosed on the basis of the clinical manifestations, abnormal lactate stimulation test, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and neuroradiologic findings. Progressive stridor resulting from bilateral vocal cord paralysis and hypoventilation was evident. The authors suggest that for infants or children who exhibit vocal cord paralysis, mitochondrial disorders, such as Leigh disease, should be considered.
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Czarneski J, Lin YC, Ende N, Ponzio NM, Raveche E. Effects of cord blood transfer on the hematopoietic recovery following sublethal irradiation in MRL lpr/lpr mice. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1999; 220:79-87. [PMID: 9933501 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-13.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential of cord blood (CB) to serve as a rich source of stem cells and stem cell factors is receiving increasing attention. In addition, perhaps because of the early ontogeny of these cells or the lack of surface antigens, cord blood stem cells do not appear to require close identity with the recipient. In the present pilot study, we investigated the presence of a hematopoiesis enhancing effect (HEE) by assaying the ability of human cord blood cells to augment hematopoiesis across a species barrier. For these experiments, autoimmune-prone MRL-Ipr/Ipr mice were exposed to sublethal levels of irradiation and cord blood administration to study the role of factors present in human cord blood in augmenting the rate of lymphopoiesis. This strain was chosen because of the increased presence of peripheral T and B subpopulations, namely the B-1 and CD4/CD8 double negative T-cell subpopulations, which do not arise directly from bone marrow precursors, but rather accumulate with age. MRL-Ipr/Ipr mice were sublethally irradiated and reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow (BM) cells or with human cord blood cells or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), or were left unreconstituted. At 2 weeks post-treatment, lymphoid populations in the spleen and lymph nodes were studied as a measure of hematopoiesis. Factors present in cord blood were able to augment hematopoiesis over that which occurred endogenously. At 2 weeks postirradiation, recipients of BM cells displayed the fastest rate of peripheral lymphoid recovery, nonreconstituted mice showed the slowest lymphoid recovery, and recipients of cord blood recovered their lymphoid populations at an intermediate rate. Similarly, myelopoiesis was increased in irradiated SJL/J recipients of human cord blood. Thus, human cord blood cells appear to produce/induce factors that may act as an adjunct to increase stem-cell activity.
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Goto S, Vari F, Lord R, Edwards-Smith C, Chiba S, Kobayashi S, Pan TL, Lin YC, Chiang KC, Lai CY, Tatsuma T, Kitano S, Chen CL. Mechanisms of suppression of liver allograft rejection by LSF-1. Transplant Proc 1999; 31:451-2. [PMID: 10083184 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01702-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Grinnell F, Ho CH, Lin YC, Skuta G. Differences in the regulation of fibroblast contraction of floating versus stressed collagen matrices. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:918-23. [PMID: 9873032 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.2.918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To learn more about the regulation of contraction of collagen matrices by fibroblasts, we compared the ability of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to stimulate contraction of floating and stressed collagen matrices. In floating collagen matrices, PDGF and LPA stimulated contraction with similar kinetics, but appeared to utilize complementary signaling pathways since contraction obtained by the combination of growth factors exceeded that observed with saturating concentrations of either alone. The PDGF-simulated pathway was selectively inhibited by the protein kinase inhibitor KT5926. In stressed collagen matrices, PDGF and LPA stimulated contraction with different kinetics, with LPA acting rapidly and PDGF acting only after an approximately 1-h lag period. Pertussis toxin, known to block signaling through the Gi class of heterotrimeric G-proteins, inhibited LPA-stimulated contraction of floating but not stressed matrices, suggesting that LPA-stimulated contraction depends on receptors coupled to different G-proteins in floating and stressed matrices. On the other hand, the Rho inhibitor C3 exotransferase blocked contraction of both floating and stressed collagen matrices. These results suggest the possibility that distinct signaling mechanisms regulate contraction of floating and stressed collagen matrices.
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Lin YC, Ho CL. Acute retinal necrosis--early manifestation and successful treatment with steroid and acyclovir: case report. CHANGGENG YI XUE ZA ZHI 1998; 21:493-7. [PMID: 10074740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
A healthy 19-year-old woman suffering from pain, redness, and blurred vision of her left eye came to our emergency unit for help. Initial examination revealed no light-perception, tenderness and marked inflammation of the left eye. There was severe inflammation both in the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity. Total retinal detachment accompanied by diffuse thickening of choroid was demonstrated using echography. Under the impression of panuveitis, oral steroids were given. The response of the left eye was dramatic but the patient complained of blurred vision of her right eye 2 days after steroid therapy. There was only mild reaction in the right eye; however, multiple granule-appearing white dots were found on the inferior two-thirds of the peripheral retina. The nummular white lesions increased in size and number and finally became confluent in the following days. The diagnosis was shifted to acute retinal necrosis and intravenous acyclovir was started while continuing systemic steroid therapy. The retinal necrosis began to consolidate four days after the administration of acyclovir and gradually regressed. We tapered the systemic steroids when the intra-venous acyclovir was shifted to oral form. The vitreous of the right eye remained clear during the follow-up period. The antiviral agent still suppressed the disease process even though steroids had been used beforehand. Furthermore, the systemic steroids seemed to ameliorate the vitritis and secondary complications in the right eye compared with the fulminant, disastrous course of the left eye.
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232
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Zhang Y, Kulp SK, Sugimoto Y, Brueggemeier RW, Lin YC. The (-)-enantiomer of gossypol inhibits proliferation of stromal cells derived from human breast adipose tissues by enhancing transforming growth factor beta1 production. Int J Oncol 1998; 13:1291-7. [PMID: 9824647 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.13.6.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We report here that (-)-gossypol significantly inhibits the proliferation of stromal cells derived from human breast adipose tissues (human breast adipose stromal cells) in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanisms involved in the anti-proliferative action of (-)-gossypol on adipose stromal cells were also investigated. (-)-Gossypol stimulated transforming growth factor (TGFbeta1) secretion after 24 h, and RNase protection assay showed that TGFbeta1 mRNA levels were increased as well. We also observed that TGFbeta1 significantly inhibited the growth of human breast adipose stromal cells in a dose-dependent manner. When human breast adipose stromal cells were co-incubated with 5 microM (-)-gossypol and 50 microgram/ml of anti-TGF-beta1,-beta2,-beta3 antibody, growth inhibition caused by (-)-gossypol was completely abrogated. This study indicates that the anti-proliferative activity of (-)-gossypol on human breast adipose stromal cells may be mediated by changes in TGF 1 production.
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233
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Tsai JJ, Lin YC, Kwan ZH, Kao HL. Effects of ozone on ovalbumin sensitization in guinea pigs. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 1998; 31:225-32. [PMID: 10496163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ozone on allergen sensitization is still controversial. This study is aimed to clarify the effect of ozone on airway hypersensitivity to ovalbumin (OVA) in guinea pigs, by exposing them to ozone (3 ppm 2 hours daily) and OVA (1 gm/dL 10 min weekly) for two weeks. OVA specific IgG and airway hypersensitivity to methacholine were determined after the sensitization. The results demonstrated that there was a synergistic effect of ozone on OVA-induced IgG antibody production. OVA specific IgG was 0.51 +/- 0.1 U/mL and 0.46 +/- 0.1 U/mL using OVA and ozone alone respectively, which increased to 1.09 +/- 0.4 U/mL when both OVA and ozone were given simultaneously. Ozone exposure was able to cause airway hypersensitivity. The provocation dose of methacholine causing a 100% increase of airway resistance (PD 100 airway resistance) was 0.54 +/- 0.19 mg/mL and 1.17 +/- 0.30 mg/mL using OVA and ozone exposure alone, which had decreased to 0.49 +/- 0.18 mg/mL when both OVA and ozone were given simultaneously. There were macrophages around the peribronchial tissue in all guinea pigs except in the control. The macrophages in the group of OVA with ozone (24.2 +/- 7.2 cells/HPF) were significantly more than those in the OVA group (18.0 +/- 4.2 cells/HPF) and the ozone group (14.5 +/- 6.2 cells/HPF). When OVA-presensitized guinea pigs were exposed to ozone immediately or daily for two weeks, a restrictive type of lung function impairment with similar airway hypersensitivity post ozone exposure was observed. In conclusion, guinea pigs exposed to ozone in conjunction with aeroallergen may not only facilitate the damage of the airway but also enhance antibody production to the aeroallergen. The ozone-induced airway inflammation might have a contributing effect on OVA induced airway hypersensitivity in guinea pigs.
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Chen JC, Wey MY, Lin YC. The adsorption of heavy metals by different sorbents under various incineration conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 1998; 37:2617-2625. [PMID: 9839395 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The emission of heavy metals can be controlled by adding solid sorbents into the combustion chamber during incineration processes. The objective of this work was to experimentally study the adsorption efficiency of different sorbents for heavy metals under various incineration conditions. Each sorbent has its optimum operating temperature. Kaolinite and aluminum oxide have the best adsorption efficiency at 800 degrees C, and bauxite is at 700 degrees C. The adsorption efficiencies of the three sorbents for the four heavy metals all follow the sequence of Pb > Cu > Cr > Cd. The presence of inorganic chloride (NaCl) and sulfate (Na2SO4) increases the adsorption efficiency of the sorbents, but organic chloride PVC decreases the adsorption efficiency.
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Goto S, Lord R, Shimizu Y, Edwards-Smith C, Vari F, Chiba S, Kobayashi S, Pan TL, Akiyama K, Kuwahara T, Yuda H, Goto T, Chiang KC, Lin YC, Chen CL. The suppression of heart and liver allograft rejection by liver suppressor factor one (LSF-1) and its possible human homologue. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3578-9. [PMID: 9838567 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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236
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Pan TL, Goto S, Matsumoto I, Wilce P, Lord R, Kobayashi S, Lin YC, Chiang KC, Lai CC, Jawan B, Chen CL. Immediate early genes and AP-1 DNA-binding activity in liver ischemia in rats. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3721-2. [PMID: 9838632 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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237
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Chiang KC, Pan TL, Goto S, Lin YC, Lai CY, Liu PP, Chen YS, Wang CC, Chiang YC, Cheng YF, Huang TL, Eng HL, Cheung HK, Jawan B, Chen CL. Differential expression of proteins associated with liver transplantation in Wilson's disease patients. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:3263-4. [PMID: 9838442 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(98)01021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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238
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Anderson BJ, Lin YC, Sussman H, Benitz WE. Paracetamol pharmacokinetics in the premature neonate; the problem with limited data. Paediatr Anaesth 1998; 8:442-4. [PMID: 9742546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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239
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Lin YC, Miller SR. The impact of price labeling of muscle relaxants on cost consciousness among anesthesiologists. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:401-3. [PMID: 9702621 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(98)00053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine whether placing price labels on the vial caps of muscle relaxants increases cost consciousness among anesthesiologists. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING University hospital departments of anesthesia and pharmacy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We placed price labels on the vial caps of all muscle relaxants for a study period of 1 year. At the beginning of the investigation, we informed the anesthesiologists of the study, discussed the prices for different muscle relaxants, and encouraged utilizing less expensive muscle relaxants whenever possible without compromising patient care. The price labels on the vial caps served as visual reminders of the various costs of muscle relaxants during daily practice. We compared the total amount spent on each muscle relaxant during the period from October 1993 to September 1994 with the period from October 1994 to September 1995. The total number of surgical cases from October 1993 to September 1994 and from October 1994 to September 1995 was unchanged and equaled 20,389 and 20,358 cases, respectively. Expenditures for pancuronium increased 104.1%. Total expenditure decreased by 12.5%, with a net savings of $47,111. CONCLUSION Expenditures for the less costly pancuronium increased while expenditures for vecuronium and atracurium decreased. Price labeling of muscle relaxants in conjunction with education reduces total pharmacy expenditure on muscle relaxants.
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Zhang Y, Kulp SK, Sugimoto Y, Farrar WB, Brueggemeier RW, Lin YC. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) induces aromatase activity in cultured MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:2541-6. [PMID: 9703907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen is the major hormonal stimulus for growth of the hormonal-dependent type of breast cancer. The rate-limiting step in the conversion of androgens to estrogens in breast tumors is catalyzed by aromatase, one of a series of related P-450 enzymes involved in the production of steroid hormones. An interesting correlation has been found between KGF mRNA and aromatase mRNA expression in human breast tumors. Tumors that express aromatase mRNA exhibit strong KGF expression, while tumors that do not express aromatase are weak or negative for KGF expression. Thus, it is reasonable to theorize that a possible association between KGF and aromatase in controlling human breast tumor growth exists. The purpose of the current study was to establish whether there is any interaction between KGF, which is known to have epithelial-specific mitogenic activity on breast cancer cells in vitro, and the synthesis of estradiol within the hormone-dependent breast cancer epithelial cells. In the present study, we have demonstrated that KGF stimulates aromatase activity in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in a dose-dependent manner. Our data shows that recombinant human KGF, at a dose as low as 10 ng/ml, can significantly increase aromatase activity 2-fold over controls. In agreement with this observation, we also found that aromatase mRNA levels were increased after 10 ng/ml KGF treatment in MCF-7 cells. These results indicate that the stimulatory effect of KGF on aromatase activity may be mediated by alterations in aromatase mRNA levels or in the efficiency of the translation of the message in MCF-7 cells. In addition, our results have demonstrated that modulation of aromatase activity appears to correlate with the stimulation of proliferative activity by KGF in MCF-7 cells. These results are consistent with our previous observations that estradiol-17 beta stimulates KGF expression in human breast cancer stromal cells, leading to the speculation that breast malignant transformation is associated with a positive feedback stimulation, whereby estradiol-17 beta stimulates breast cancer stromal cell production of KGF, and KGF subsequently stimulates aromatase activity in breast cancer cells, consequently raising levels of estradiol-17 beta, in turn acts on breast stromal cells to yield more KGF. Such a positive feedback loop could play an important role in the loss of growth control in human breast cancer cells.
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Blomme EA, Sugimoto Y, McCauley LK, Lin YC, Capen CC, Rosol TJ. Stromal and epithelial cells of the canine prostate express parathyroid hormone-related protein, but not the PTH/PTHrP receptor. Prostate 1998; 36:110-20. [PMID: 9655263 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0045(19980701)36:2<110::aid-pros6>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a principal factor in the pathogenesis of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, is also widely expressed in many normal tissues, including human prostatic epithelial cells. The role of PTHrP in the prostate is not known, but may include regulation of cell growth and differentiation or calcium secretion into prostatic fluid. The dog is a valuable animal model for human prostatic diseases. The objective was to investigate the expression of PTHrP and the PTH/PTHrP (type 1) receptor in primary cultures of canine stromal and epithelial prostatic cells. METHODS Expression and secretion of PTHrP and the PTH/PTHrP receptor was measured in homogeneous primary cultures of canine prostatic stromal and epithelial cells using immunohistochemistry, Northern blots, radioimmunoassay, RT-PCR, and receptor stimulation assays. RESULTS Epithelial and stromal cells expressed and secreted abundant PTHrP, but PTH/PTHrP receptor expression was not detected in either cell type. CONCLUSIONS PTHrP expression by stromal and epithelial prostatic cells and the absence of the PTH/PTHrP (type I) receptor suggest that some functions previously proposed for PTHrP in the prostate are unlikely. The separation procedure presented is a valuable tool for studying the role and regulation of PTHrP in the prostate.
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Yamazaki F, Shiraki K, Sagawa S, Endo Y, Torii R, Yamaguchi H, Mohri M, Lin YC. Assessment of cardiac autonomic nervous activities during heliox exposure at 24 atm abs. AVIATION, SPACE, AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 1998; 69:643-6. [PMID: 9681370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This experiment was designed to examine the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the production of hyperbaric bradycardia. METHODS Four male divers were exposed to a He-O2 (heliox) environment at 24 atmosphere absolute (atm abs) for 7 d. The heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate were recorded at rest in the morning (0700 h) and at night (2230 h) on 1 d during a 5-d predive control, 2 d during a 7-d saturation dive at 24 atm abs, 2 d during decompression, and on 1 d during a 4-d postdive period. Cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were estimated by using a spectral analysis of the variability of R-R intervals. RESULTS The morning HR did not fluctuate throughout the experimental days. The night time HR decreased (p < 0.05) by 11.8% on the first day at 24 atm abs compared with that of the predive control. The bradycardia diminished gradually and returned to the predive level with continued exposure at 24 atm abs. The high-frequency power of the cardiac variability, an index of cardiac parasympathetic activity, increased (p < 0.05) only in the first night at 24 atm abs, whereas the low-frequency power and a ratio of low- to high-frequency power, an index of cardiac sympathetic activity, were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that an increased parasympathetic activity rather than a decrease in the sympathetic activity is responsible for the bradycardia on exposure to heliox dry saturation dive at 24 atm abs. The mechanism of the gradual disappearance of the bradycardia is unknown, but perhaps it may be related to the development of cardiovascular deconditioning.
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Peng B, Zhang M, Sun R, Lin YC, Chong SY, Lai H, Stein D, Raveche ES. The correlation of telomerase and IL-10 with leukemia transformation in a mouse model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Leuk Res 1998; 22:509-16. [PMID: 9678717 DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(98)00021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase activity is upregulated in activated and malignant lymphocytes. We studied the correlation of telomerase and IL-10 to leukemia transformation in the NZB mouse model of human chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Telomerase levels increased from early to late leukemic stages, likewise IL-10 gene expression levels increased with the leukemic progression. The inverse relationship of telomerase and IL-10 levels to the survival of NZB mice was also established. Our data suggested that telomerase and IL-10 were involved in transformation in the murine model of CLL and the detection of telomerase activities might be of value in the prediction of CLL progression.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- CD5 Antigens/analysis
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NZB
- Neoplasm Staging
- Nuclear Proteins/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Telomerase/biosynthesis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Chen JS, Jan YY, Lin YC, Wang HM, Chang WC, Liau CT. Weekly 24 h infusion of high-dose 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with biliary tract carcinomas. Anticancer Drugs 1998; 9:393-7. [PMID: 9660535 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199806000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
From October 1995 to June 1997, 19 chemotherapy-naive patients with pathology-proven locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract carcinomas (BTC) were enrolled. The regimen consisted of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 2600 mg/m2 and leucovorin (LV) 150 mg by weekly 24 h infusion for 6 weeks and followed by a 2 week break. The treatment was terminated if disease progressed, the patient refused or unacceptable toxicity occurred. All patients required a Port-A catheter insertion and were treated at outpatient clinics by portable infusion pumps. There were 12 males and seven females with a median age of 62 years (range 45-77). The primary tumor sites were nine intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (CC), three perihilar CC, one distal BTC and six gallbladder cancers. A total of 179 chemotherapy sessions were given with a mean of 9.5 (range 2-18). Eighteen patients were evaluable for response. The response rates were: 33% (six of 18) partial response (PR), 39% (seven of 18) stable disease (SD) and 28% (five of 18) progressive disease (PD). All of the patients were evaluable for toxicity. The most common toxicities were mild fatigue (nine of 19, 47%), loss of appetite (nine of 19, 47%), skin hyperpigmentation (five of 19, 26%) and diarrhea (two of 19, 11%). Only one patient had grade IV myelotoxicity with sepsis but without treatment-related death. The median time to progression was 4 months. The overall median survival time was 7.0 months. The median survival time of the PR was not reached, SD was 8.0 months and PD 3.5 months. In conclusion, weekly high-dose 5-FU with LV by 24 h infusion in an outpatient setting for patients with BTC is effective, only mildly toxic and deserves further study.
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Uzumcu M, Brigstock DR, Lin YC. Partial purification and characterization of two non-FSH steroid-modulating factors in rat thymic epithelial cell-conditioned medium (TCM). Domest Anim Endocrinol 1998; 15:155-68. [PMID: 9606597 DOI: 10.1016/s0739-7240(98)00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have reported that unknown factor(s) in rat thymic epithelial cell-conditioned medium (TCM) stimulates basal and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced steroid hormone production and aromatase enzyme activity in cultured rat granulosa cells. Here we report the partial purification and characterization of two of these activities. Thymic epithelial cells were prepared from immature female rats and used for TCM production. Lyophilized aliquots of TCM were reconstituted with distilled water at 25% of the original volume, applied to a gel filtration column, and column fractions were tested for their stimulation of steroidogenesis in granulosa cells prepared from immature diethylstilbestrol-treated rats. Two distinct biologically active regions were identified that corresponded to apparent molecular weights of approximately 22,000 and less than 1,000. The < 1 kDa activity ("TCM-1") stimulated (P < 0.01) basal production of progestins [progesterone and 20 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-4-one (20 alpha-OH-progesterone)] and estrogen, and also induced dramatic morphological changes on the rat granulosa cells. In contrast, the approximately 22 kDa activity ("TCM-22") stimulated (P < 0.01) only basal progestins, and had no effect (P < 0.05) on basal estrogen production or morphology of the cultured rat granulosa cells. In the presence of 100 ng/ml FSH, TCM-1 stimulated (P < 0.01) estradiol and progesterone production, whereas TCM-22 stimulated (P < 0.01) progesterone, but inhibited (P < 0.01) estradiol production. When both activities were assayed together, they were synergistic in stimulating (P < 0.01) basal progesterone production, but TCM-22 antagonized (P < 0.01) TCM-1-induced estradiol production. The biologic and physico-chemical characteristics of TCM-1 and TCM-22 were distinct from one another, as well as from FSH. When subjected to C8 reverse-phase HPLC. TCM-1 retained its characteristic biologic properties and was eluted (54% acetonitrile) as A214-absorbing moiety with a peak retention time of 92-93 minutes. The elution of TCM-22 was not correlated with an identifiable protein peak. These results suggest that ovarian steroid production may be modified by non-FSH factors produced by thymic epithelial cells although amino acid sequencing of TCM-1 was unsuccessful. This highlights a potential role of the thymus gland in regulating ovarian function.
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Zhang Y, Sugimoto Y, Kulp SK, Farrar WB, Brueggemeier RW, Lin YC. Estrogen-induced keratinocyte growth factor mRNA expression in normal and cancerous human breast cells. Oncol Rep 1998; 5:577-83. [PMID: 9538155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The local recurrence rate of breast cancer has been reported to be unusually high at the surgical scar. Such breast cancer recurrence is believed to be triggered by the release of growth factors into the healing wound. Observations from an animal model have also demonstrated that KGF expression is dramatically induced by creation of full thickness wounds in mouse skin. Since KGF is an epithelial cell-specific mitogen in rat mammary epithelium, it is reasonable to speculate that KGF may be also involved in regulating human breast cancer cell growth. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of estradiol-17 on KGF gene expression in normal human breast stromal cells, as well as in human breast cancer stromal cells, and the mechanisms by which estradiol-17 regulates breast epithelial proliferation. Our results show that KGF expression was not effected by estradiol-17 treatment in normal human breast stromal cells. In contrast, KGF expression was stimulated by estradiol-17 in human breast cancer stromal cells. KGF mRNA levels have also been examined in normal human breast stromal cells and human breast cancer stromal cells. An interesting correlation was found between KGF expression and estradiol-17 regulation in these cell types. Normal human breast stromal cells which do not response to estradiol-17 have lower KGF mRNA level than the cancer cells which KGF expression is stimulated by estradiol-17. Our data also demonstrate that recombinant human KGF significantly stimulate normal human breast and human breast cancer epithelial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Since we have shown that estradiol-17 induces KGF mRNA expression in human breast cancer stromal cells, KGF may be involved at least in part in the stimulatory pathway that is initiated by estradiol-17 in human breast cancer epithelial cells.
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Lin YC, Ho CH, Grinnell F. Decreased PDGF receptor kinase activity in fibroblasts contracting stressed collagen matrices. Exp Cell Res 1998; 240:377-87. [PMID: 9597011 DOI: 10.1006/excr.1998.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts cultured in mechanically stressed collagen matrices proliferate, whereas cells in floating collagen matrices become quiescent. Previous research indicated that one factor contributing to cell quiescence in floating matrices was reduced receptor autophosphorylation in response to PDGF stimulation (i.e., PDGF receptor desensitization). To learn more about the mechanism of PDGF receptor desensitization, we analyzed changes in PDGF receptor autophosphorylation and receptor kinase activity after stressed collagen matrices were switched to floating conditions, which results in rapid cell contraction and dissipation of mechanical stress. PDGF receptor desensitization occurred during contraction stimulated by serum but not in the absence of serum, and desensitization was prevented by inhibitors of contraction but not by inhibitors of the contraction-activated cyclic AMP signaling pathway. Receptor desensitization resulted from decreased receptor kinase activity rather than from elevated protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, and only receptors unoccupied at the time of contraction were affected. After contraction, radiolabeled PDGF binding to the cells was decreased, which suggested that receptor desensitization resulted from a contraction-dependent change in receptor availability or affinity.
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Zhang Y, Sugimoto Y, Kulp SK, Farrar WB, Brueggemeier RW, Lin YC. Estrogen-induced keratinocyte growth factor mRNA expression in normal and cancerous human breast cells. Oncol Rep 1998. [DOI: 10.3892/or.5.3.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Canatan H, Lin YC. Nucleotide sequence of canine fibroblast growth factor-8 (FGF-8). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 1998; 34:278-9. [PMID: 9590499 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-998-0002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lin YC, Miyazono H, Ichinose M, Nakasima A. A study to evaluate the parent-offspring similarity in the maxillofacial profile using fingerprints in Japanese families. JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL GENETICS AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 1998; 18:119-27. [PMID: 9672844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An attempt was made to investigate the parent-offspring similarity in the maxillofacial profile by a quantitative analysis of fingerprints. Lateral roentgenographic cephalograms and ten fingerprints were obtained from 98 Japanese patients (44 males and 54 females) and their parents. Analysis showed a significant parent-offspring correlation for both maxillofacial profile and fingerprints. The relatively low father-son correlation for both features suggests a major influence of X-linked genes. The genetic correlation between the maxillofacial profile and fingerprints was significant for parent-son but not for parent-daughter pairings. The parent-offspring correlation in the maxillofacial profile was evaluated in two groups showing differences (distant group) or similarities (near group) in the fingerprint patterns between the father and mother. In the distant group, a greater parent-offspring similarity was observed in the maxillofacial profile. The same finding was also obtained on using only digit II of the parents. Therefore, from a morphogenetical point of view, parental fingerprints appear helpful in clinical applications designed to predict maxillofacial growth in offspring.
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