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Chong S, Lu D, Li C, Qiu X, Xue J. Study of thrombopoietin for gene therapy of thrombocytopenia. SCIENCE IN CHINA. SERIES C, LIFE SCIENCES 1999; 42:591-598. [PMID: 18726481 DOI: 10.1007/bf02881576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/1999] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is likely to he a potent, specific and reliable medication in the treatment of thrombocytopenia. A TPO-highly-expressed plasmid pcDNA3-TPO was constructed and a primary study was made on the expression of TPO cDNA in vitro and gene transfer study for thrombocytopenia in vivo. rhTPO showed complete and stable bioactivity by a series of indicators. High expression of TPO was detected in plasma from healthy mice or thrombocytopenia mice model receiving direct intramuscular injection of pcDNA3-TPO. And the platelet level of healthy mice peaked to 1.9-fold of baseline. Mice with CTX-induced thrombocytopenia achieved profound nadirs, acceleration of recovery, even 1.8-2.0-fold supranormal levels of peripheral platelet counts. The results offered experimental support for clinical application of gene therapy for thrombocytopenia via direct intramuscular injection of TPO cDNA.
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302
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Qiu X, Janson CA, Court RI, Smyth MG, Payne DJ, Abdel-Meguid SS. Molecular basis for triclosan activity involves a flipping loop in the active site. Protein Sci 1999; 8:2529-32. [PMID: 10595560 PMCID: PMC2144207 DOI: 10.1110/ps.8.11.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the Escherichia coli enoyl reductase-NAD+-triclosan complex has been determined at 2.5 A resolution. The Ile192-Ser198 loop is either disordered or in an open conformation in the previously reported structures of the enzyme. This loop adopts a closed conformation in our structure, forming van der Waals interactions with the inhibitor and hydrogen bonds with the bound NAD+ cofactor. The opening and closing of this flipping loop is likely an important factor in substrate or ligand recognition. The closed conformation of the loop appears to be a critical feature for the enhanced binding potency of triclosan, and a key component in future structure-based inhibitor design.
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303
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Jarvest RL, Berge JM, Houge-Frydrych CS, Janson C, Mensah LM, O'Hanlon PJ, Pope A, Saldanha A, Qiu X. Interaction of tyrosyl aryl dipeptides with S. aureus tyrosyl tRNA synthetase: inhibition and crystal structure of a complex. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:2859-62. [PMID: 10522706 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosyl aryl dipeptide inhibitors of S. aureus tyrosyl tRNA synthetase have been identified with IC50 values down to 0.5 microM. A crystal structure of the enzyme complexed to one of the inhibitors shows occupancy of the tyrosyl binding pocket coupled with inhibitor interactions to key catalytic residues.
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304
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Qiu X, Janson CA, Blackburn MN, Chhohan IK, Hibbs M, Abdel-Meguid SS. Cooperative structural dynamics and a novel fidelity mechanism in histidyl-tRNA synthetases. Biochemistry 1999; 38:12296-304. [PMID: 10493797 DOI: 10.1021/bi990482v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the Staphylococcus aureus histidyl-tRNA synthetase apoprotein has been determined at 2.7 A resolution. Several important loops in the active site either become disordered or adopt very different conformations compared to their ligand-bound states. These include the histidine A motif (Arg257-Tyr262) that is essential for substrate recognition, a loop (Gly52-Lys62) that seems to control the communication between the histidine and ATP binding sites, the motif 2 loop (Glu114-Arg120) that binds ATP, and the insertion domain that is likely to bind tRNA. These ligand-induced structural changes are supported by fluorescence experiments, which also suggest highly cooperative dynamics. A dynamic and cooperative active site is most likely necessary for the proper functioning of the histidyl-tRNA synthetase, and suggests a novel mechanism for improving charging fidelity.
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305
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Qiu X, Jin WC. [A 12-year follow-up of a patient with leukoplakia in the ventral part of the tongue]. SHANGHAI KOU QIANG YI XUE = SHANGHAI JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 1999; 8:190. [PMID: 15048263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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306
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Lin L, Faraco J, Li R, Kadotani H, Rogers W, Lin X, Qiu X, de Jong PJ, Nishino S, Mignot E. The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene. Cell 1999; 98:365-76. [PMID: 10458611 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81965-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1721] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Narcolepsy is a disabling sleep disorder affecting humans and animals. It is characterized by daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, and striking transitions from wakefulness into rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. In this study, we used positional cloning to identify an autosomal recessive mutation responsible for this sleep disorder in a well-established canine model. We have determined that canine narcolepsy is caused by disruption of the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene (Hcrtr2). This result identifies hypocretins as major sleep-modulating neurotransmitters and opens novel potential therapeutic approaches for narcoleptic patients.
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307
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Jin G, Shi X, Gao H, Shi J, Ye X, Qiu X. [Experience of endoscopic sinus operation on 74 cases]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 1999; 13:354-5. [PMID: 12541361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the curative effect of endoscopic sinus operation. METHOD The clinical data of nasal cavity and nasal sinus via endoscopic sinus operation on 74 cases (115 sides) were in summary. Of those 74 cases, 65 were followed-up over six mothes. RESULT It showed that 44 cases were cured, 18 were improved, 3 were ineffective. The effective rate was 95.4%. The disappearance rate of four symptons-nasal obstruction, headache, purulent nasal discharge and loss of smelling was 95.2%, 92%, 66.7% and 42.5%, respectively. The serious operative complication was absent. CONCLUSION It helped to raise thd effect of anesthetization to apply nasal cavity surface anesthesia, nerve block anesthesia. Paying attention to the distinguish of dissection label can help to decrease the occurance of the serious complication of the sinus ethmoidal operation. The operation which was alternatively conducted between endoscope and cavascope, according to the operation requirement, can be carried out more thoroughly and more safely. Cleaning the operation cavity after operation can promote healing.
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308
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Qiu X, Li D, Zhou X. [Study of histopathology of endometrium following termination of early pregnancy using mifepristone]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 1999; 34:272-4. [PMID: 11326931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding following termination of early pregnancy using mifepristone. METHODS 19 specimens were obtained by curettage on the day immediately after expulsion of gestational sac, 40 specimens on the 7th postabortal day and 20 specimens during 2-12 weeks after induced abortion using mifepristone respectively. The histopathologic changes of the specimens were observed by HE staining, and the expression of human choronic gonadotropin (hCG) and human placental lactogen (hPL) by immunohistochemical studies as well as phloxine-tartrazine staining and Gordon Sweets staining. RESULTS It showed that decidua shedding retarded, especially basal decidua. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the trophoblasts were still active and might affect pathological changes of local endometrium. The specific granules of endometrial granulocytes disappeared, together with disintegration of the reticular fibers. But in the group which curettage was indicated for abnormal bleeding 2 weeks after abortion, the main cause was incomplete abortion. CONCLUSIONS In addition to incomplete abortion, the retardation of decidua shedding and the impairment of endometrium regeneration were responsible for the abnormal uterine bleeding following termination of early pregnancy using mifepristone. The incomplete dissolution of the reticular fibers in basal decidua may induce decidua shedding retardation and incomplete abortion.
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309
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Karasawa K, Qiu X, Lee T. Purification and characterization from rat kidney membranes of a novel platelet-activating factor (PAF)-dependent transacetylase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of PAF, formation of PAF analogs, and C2-ceramide. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:8655-61. [PMID: 10085103 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.13.8655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified two enzyme activities that transfer the acetyl group from platelet-activating factor (PAF) in a CoA-independent manner to lysoplasmalogen or sphingosine in HL-60 cells, endothelial cells, and a variety of rat tissues. These were termed as PAF:lysoplasmalogen (lysophospholipid) transacetylase and PAF:sphingosine transacetylase, respectively. In the present study, we have solubilized and purified this PAF-dependent transacetylase 13,700-fold from rat kidney membranes (mitochondrial plus microsomal membranes) based on the PAF:lysoplasmalogen transacetylase activity. The mitochondria and microsomes were prepared and washed three times, then solubilized with 0.04% Tween 20 at a detergent/protein (w/w) ratio of 0.1. The solubilized fractions from mitochondria and microsomes were combined and subjected to sequential column chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite, phenyl-Sepharose, and chromatofocusing. The enzyme was further purified by native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and affinity gel matrix in which the competitive inhibitor of the enzyme, 1-O-hexadecyl-2-N-methylcarbamyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine was covalently attached to the CH-Sepharose. On SDS-PAGE, the purified enzyme showed a single homogeneous band with an apparent molecular mass of 40 kDa. The purified enzyme catalyzed transacetylation of the acetyl group not only from PAF to lysoplasmalogen forming plasmalogen analogs of PAF, but also to sphingosine producing N-acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide). In addition, this enzyme acted as a PAF-acetylhydrolase in the absence of lipid acceptor molecules. These results suggest that PAF-dependent transacetylase is an enzyme that modifies the cellular functions of PAF through generation of other diverse lipid mediators.
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310
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Hu N, Qiu X, Gong Q, Guan H. [An experimental investigation of inhibition of interferon on lens epithelial cell growth in vitro]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1999; 35:107-9. [PMID: 11835785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibition of alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) and gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) on rabbit lens epithelial cell (RLEC) proliferation in vitro and their effective concentrations. METHODS The second and third passage of RLEC were used for assay. Various concentrations of alpha-IFN or gamma-IFN were added into the culture medium and RLECs were exposed to these drugs. After 24 and 72 hours, the inhibition of RLECs was determined by counting the RLEC numbers on a counting plate and MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS Alpha-IFN and gamma-IFN may reduce the proliferation of RLECs at the concentration of 10(3) - 10(4) IU/ml. The inhibition of gamma-IFN was a little stronger than that of alpha-IFN. CONCLUSION The experiment provides a scientific basis for selection of drugs to prevent after cataract.
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311
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Zhong M, Qiu X, Mo C, Zheng Y. [Simultaneous determination of europium and copper in rare earth oxide by use AAS-PLS method]. GUANG PU XUE YU GUANG PU FEN XI = GUANG PU 1999; 19:84-86. [PMID: 15818926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Partial least squares regression was used to compensate for spectral "overlap" interference of Eu 324. 753 nm with Cu 324.754 nm in atomic absorption spectrometry. We could only use the copper element hollow-cathode lamp to simultaneous determine Eu and Cu in synthetic samples and rare earth oxide, and obtained satisfactory results.
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312
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Qiu X, Zhou J. [Effects of apoptosis of synovial lining cells on pathogenesis of osteoarthropathy]. HUNAN YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = HUNAN YIKE DAXUE XUEBAO = BULLETIN OF HUNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 1999; 24:441-4. [PMID: 12080678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The author counted synovial lining cells(SLCs) of apoptosis in the joints of osteoarthropathy(OA, 12 cases) and control(10 cases) patients. The counts of apoptotic SLC were investigated by gel electrophoretic analysis of DNA extracted from synovium. The apoptotic index(AI) of SLCs in OA(2.04%) was obviously higher than that in controls(0.60%); electrophorectogram of DNA revealed a characteristic ladder pattern of DNA fragments at 200 bp in the OA group. We conclude that apoptosis can be found in synovial lining layer, and the AI of SLCs in the OA group is much higher than that in the control group, implying the high turn-over rate of SLCs in OA; the increasing apoptosis of SLCs may increase lesion factors retained in joints and cause the injury of articular cartilage.
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313
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Li Z, Ju G, Qiu X. [Effect of acetylcholine receptor antibody derived from myasthenia gravis on the rat central neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1998; 36:15-7. [PMID: 9812554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Immunoreaction between acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChRab) derived from myasthenia gravis (MG) and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and the action of AChRab on rat brain stem auditory transmission were investigated by immunocytochemistry and brain stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in a search for abnormalities indicating central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this disorder. 25 microliters of AChRab were injected into the ventricular system of rats once every 48 hours for periods of up to a week BAEP examination was taken before and after injection of AChRab. Immunocytochemical investigation of the rat brain sections provided evidence that the neuronal nicotinic AChR like immunoreactivity is widely distributed throughout the rat CNS such as cerebral cortex, hippocampus, motor neurons in brain stem, auditory nucleus cerebellar cortex, etc. Analysis of the immunocytochemical results showed that the distribution property of AChRab in rat CNS correlated well with known neuronal nicotinic AChR subtypes e.g., alpha 7 and alpha 4. BAEP inter peak latency was significantly prolonged in rats after injection of AChRab as compared with the control rats and the rats prior to injection of AChRab. The results indicated that cerebroventricular administration of AChRab not only cause dysfunction of brain stem auditory transmission but also leads to development of experimental autoimmune MG symptoms. It is concluded that AChRab influences the rat brain stem auditory transmission and it is suggested that the pathogenic effect of AChRab is not only limited at neuromuscular junction, but also involves the central neuronal nicotinic AChR.
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314
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Hassoba HM, Pessoa MG, Terrault NA, Lewis NJ, Hayden M, Hunt JC, Qiu X, Lou SC, Wright TL. Antienvelope antibodies are protective against GBV-C reinfection: evidence from the liver transplant model. J Med Virol 1998; 56:253-8. [PMID: 9783694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
An assay for the detection of antibody against the second envelope (E2) protein of GB virus type C (GBV-C) has been developed. Early reports suggested that this antibody was a marker of viral clearance, yet it is unknown whether anti-E2 is protective against further GBV-C infection. The primary aims were to determine (1) if posttransplantation immunosuppression alters the prevalence of anti-E2; and (2) if anti-E2 positivity pretransplantation protects against acquisition of GBV-C infection posttransplantation. Fifty-four recipients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease of nonviral etiologies were tested for GBV-C RNA using a PCR-based assay and anti-E2 antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Anti-E2 was present in 35% and in 46% of patients pre- and posttransplantation, respectively. Anti-E2 positivity pretransplantation was strongly associated with anti-E2 positivity after transplantation (P < 0.001); 83% of patients with anti-E2 prior to transplantation remained anti-E2-positive after transplantation. A negative association between presence of GBV-C viremia and presence of anti-E2 was found in all patients tested either prior to or following transplantation (P=0.03). Acquisition of GBV-C infection was significantly lower in patients who were anti-E2-positive prior to transplantation (2/13) compared to those who were anti-E2-negative (12/26) (P=0.05). It is concluded that immunosuppression does not reduce the prevalence of anti-E2 after transplantation in those who are seroreactive prior to transplantation. Anti-E2 appears to be a neutralizing antibody whose presence at the time of liver transplantation protects against acquisition of GBV-C infection in the peritransplantation period.
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315
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Liu Q, Qiu X. [Vitrectomy for treatment of retinal detachment caused by macular hole]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 1998; 34:418-20. [PMID: 11877242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy and autoserum for treatment of retinal detachment caused by macular hole. METHODS 19 eyes with retinal detachment caused by macular hole were treated with gas tamponade (C(3)F(8)). The follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 24 months. In the case whose macular hole failed to heal, removal of the remains of prefoveal membrane and/or scratching at the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and placing autoserum for 7 minutes in the macular hole were performed. RESULTS Closure of macular hole was obtained in 15 eyes (80%). The postoperative visual acuity was 0.05 - 0.4. Macular hole failed to heal in 4 eyes. In one eye the remains of prefoveal membrane were removed; in another 3 eyes, in the macular hole scratching at the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and placing autoserum were performed and C(3)F(8) tamponade was used. Anatomical cure was obtained in all the 4 eyes. The final visual acuity was 0.1 or better. CONCLUSION The findings show that removal of prefoveal membrane is imperative. Scratch at RPE with placement of autoserum in the macular hole is effective for the macular hole which has failed to respond to conventional vitrectomy with air tamponade.
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316
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He W, Zhu X, Wang H, Qiu Y, Qiu X. [Effect of melatonin on mean blood pressure and heart rate in morphine withdrawal rats]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1998; 33:727-30. [PMID: 12016923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The model of morphine dependent rats was established by gradually increasing the doses of morphine by subcutaneous injection(from 5 mg.kg-1 to 50 mg.kg-1, 5 days). The effects of melatonin(MT) on the mean arterial blood pressure(mABP) and heart rate(HR) were studied in naloxone-precipitated rats. MT was found to inhibit the hypertention and tachycardiac syndromes in morphine withdrawal rats in dose-dependent manner. The concentration of serum norepinephrine(NE) was shown to be decreased by MT. Moreover, regitine was shown to inhibit the increase of mABP in morphine withdrawal rats, but can not inhibit the increase of HR. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of MT on hypertension and tachycardiac syndromes in morphine withdrawal rats may be mediated by the inhibitory effect of the drug on the sympathetic system.
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317
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Liu Z, Fan Q, Ma B, Jiang W, Qiu X. [Bone scintigraphy in evaluating revascularization of the heat-devitalised autografts in adult dogs]. ZHONGHUA WAI KE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF SURGERY] 1998; 36:594-6, 121. [PMID: 11825473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an animal model of microwave hyperthermic devitalization of long bones and compare bone scintigraphy of the devitalised bone with pathologic examination. METHOD 16 Mongrel adult dogs were used. Enght 8 cm of one femur of each dog was exposed and isolated by heat-proof material. Two microwave antennas were inserted into the medullary cavity at a distance of 2.5 cm, and the bone was heated intermittently to maintain a surface temperature of 50 degrees C to 60 degrees C for 30 minutes. Bone scintigraphy was carried out at different postoperative time, combined with tetracycline labeling, microangiography with Indian ink and HE staining. RESULT About 5 cm - 6 cm of segmental femur was deprived of blood supply after devitalization which was confirmed by microangiography and negative labeling of tetracyclines. At two weeks, the devitalised bone demonstrated a cold region on the scintiscan and no revascularization in microangiography. 12 - 16 weeks after the operation, partial devitalised bone was revascularized and HE staining showed widel bone resorption and minimum formation of new bone. However, the radionuclide uptakes of the devitalised segments were greater than those of the normal femurs. At one year, the devitalised segment was well (not completely) revascularised and showed evident appositional new bone formation. The scintigraphic bone-imaging was slightly lower than that of the normal femur. CONCLUSION A strong positive scintiscan in early stage might demonstrate a good potential of revascularization of the heat-devitalised cortical bone rather than its viability. And the scintiscans of long-term follow-up more than one year should be more informative.
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318
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Qiu Y, Kang L, Qiu X. [The inhibitory effect of melatonin on morphine withdrawal syndromes and serum monoamines in morphine dependent mice]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 1998; 78:704-6. [PMID: 11038799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the inhibitory effect of melatonin on morphine withdrawal syndromes and serum monoamines in morphine dependent mice. METHODS A physical dependent model in mice was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine. The intensity of withdrawal syndromes was evaluated according to the jumping latency and jumping times. The concentration of serum monoamines was detected with HPLC-ECD. RESULTS The physical withdrawal syndromes in morphine dependent mice were inhibited partly by four different doses (25, 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) of melatonin and showed a significant dose-dependent manner. The increased concentration of serum norepinephrine and dopamine in morphine-dependent mice could be reduced by large dose (100 mg/kg) of melatonin. CONCLUSION The jumping withdrawal syndromes and serum monoamiues in morphine-dependent mice could be inhibited partly by melatonin.
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319
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Tillmann HL, Heringlake S, Trautwein C, Meissner D, Nashan B, Schlitt HJ, Kratochvil J, Hunt J, Qiu X, Lou SC, Pichlmayr R, Manns MP. Antibodies against the GB virus C envelope 2 protein before liver transplantation protect against GB virus C de novo infection. Hepatology 1998; 28:379-84. [PMID: 9696000 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510280213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
GB virus C (GBV-C) is a newly discovered RNA virus related to the Flaviviridae family. Although GBV-C is not yet associated with any cause of liver disease, a humoral immune response against the GBV-C envelope 2 (E2) protein has been observed. Therefore, we studied the prevalence and clinical relevance of GBV-C RNA and anti-E2 antibodies in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). In addition, we tested whether the prevalence of anti-E2 antibodies may protect against GBV-C infection. Of the 182 liver recipients included in this study, 117 of these were evaluated for GBV-C recurrence or de novo infection. GBV-C RNA was detected in sera or plasma using single-tube, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and anti-E2 antibody was detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Cumulative patient and graft survival was tested by using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The independence of prognostic values was assessed by using Cox regression analysis. Before OLT, GBV-C RNA and anti-E2 were detected in 4.0% to 28.6% and 10.0% to 68.8%, respectively, of patients suffering from different forms of chronic liver diseases. GBV-C reinfection after OLT was determined in 85.7%. Of the patients without evidence of exposure to GBV-C before OLT, 30 of 65 (46.2%) became GBV-C RNA positive after OLT. None of the 38 patients who were anti-E2 antibody positive before OLT became GBV-C RNA positive after OLT. Neither patient nor graft survival was significantly affected by the presence of either GBV-C RNA or anti-E2 antibody before OLT. Our data indicate that 1) GBV-C RNA positive patients have a high risk of reinfection after OLT, and 2) the presence of anti-E2 antibodies before OLT is associated with an absence of GBV-C infection after OLT, which may indicate a protective role of anti-E2 antibodies.
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Zhang K, Jiang P, Lu D, Huang W, Chen L, Xue J, Qiu X. Expression and regulation of hFIX minigene and cDNA driven by beta-casein gene in mouse mammary gland. SCIENCE IN CHINA. SERIES C, LIFE SCIENCES 1998; 41:406-412. [PMID: 18726258 DOI: 10.1007/bf02882741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/1998] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mammary gland specific expression vectors for human clotting factor IX (hFIX) and LacZ reporter gene driven by bovine beta-casein gene were constructed. Vectors were packaged by stearylamine (SA) liposome and were transferred to lactating mice via tail vein. Both hFIX and Lac2 gene could be expressed in the mammary gland of the treated mice. The highest production of hFIX protein was 80.28 ng per mL milk, and more than 85% of hFIX protein appeared to be gamma-carboxylation and biologically active. The results suggested that the 2.0 kb sequence of beta-casein gene including promoter, exon 1 was effective to drive hFIX gene expression in mammary gland and intron 1 of beta-casein gene had an effect on the tissue specific expression. The expression level in mouse milk injected with hFIX minigene vector containing hFIX endogenous intron 1 was increased by above 3 times of that injected with hFIX cDNA vector.
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321
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Wu RC, Hohenstein A, Park JM, Qiu X, Mueller S, Cadenas E, Schönthal AH. Role of p53 in aziridinylbenzoquinone-induced p21waf1 expression. Oncogene 1998; 17:357-65. [PMID: 9690517 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Quinones are the second largest family of anticancer drugs clinically used in the United States. However, their exact mode of action at the cellular and molecular level is not completely understood. We have shown earlier that the quinone 3,6-diaziridinyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DZQ) leads to the increased expression of p21waf1/cip1/sdi1 protein, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Because p21 has been established as an important negative regulator of the cell cycle, we further investigated the molecular basis of p21 induction by DZQ. Here we report that the induction of p21 by DZQ is regulated at the transcriptional level, and requires the activation of p53, a tumor suppressor protein. In cells that lack functional p53 protein, DZQ-mediated p21 induction is greatly diminished. However, the introduction of a wild type p53 gene into p53-negative cells restores the strong DZQ-inducibility of p21. Restoration of wild type p53 status in HL60 myeloid leukemia cells significantly increases the cells' sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of DZQ. Thus, our results indicate that the p53-p21 pathway may play a central role in mediating the gene-regulatory and cytotoxic effects of aziridinylbenzoquinones.
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322
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Li M, Yang M, Qiu X. [The effect of nimodipine on retinal blood flow in pregnancy induced hypertension]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 1998; 33:397-9. [PMID: 10806696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of nimodipine on retinal blood flow in patients with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). METHODS Fourteen patients were studied with color flow Doppler before and after 30 mg nimodipine administered orally, while other fourteen patients received intravenous magnesium sulfate as control group. Central retinal artery flow velocity waveforms were measured and pulse index (PI) were calculated. RESULTS Nimodipine reduced the central retinal artery PI significantly from 0.92 +/- 0.14 to 0.75 +/- 0.22. It also reduced systolic blood pressure from 20.7 +/- 2.5 kPa to 19.8 +/- 1.5 kPa and diastolic blood pressure from 14.4 +/- 2.3 kPa to 13.6 +/- 1.9 kPa. CONCLUSIONS Nimodipine may dilate central retinal arteries. Changes in pulsatility index in retinal arteries maybe indicative of similar changes in other cerebral vessels. Nimodipine may be another choice of PIH therapy.
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Ma Y, Liu H, Qu S, Qiu X, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Wei Y. [Effect of yuanhua on isolated uterine strips in unpregnant rats]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1998; 23:429-30, inside back cover. [PMID: 11601356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism on the effect of Yuanhua on the contractile activity of isolated uterine strips in rats under artificial oestrum. METHOD Isolated strips were suspended in a tissue chamber in which Yuanhua was added with some antagonists of inhibitors or without. RESULT Yuanhua could excite the uterine smooth muscle strips in a dose-dependent manner, but atropine, phentolamine, hexamethonium and diphenhydramine could not inhibit this exciting action. This exciting effect could be inhibited completely by verapamil and decreased by indomethacin(inhibitor of prostaglandin synthase). CONCLUSION The exciting effect of Yuanhua on un-pregnant rats in vitro might be related to an action on the cell membrane Ca2+ channel as well as to a partial stimulation of synthesis and release of PG.
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Wang Q, Lu D, Xing Y, Xue J, Qiu X. Suicide effect on rat gliomas mediated by recombinant adenovirus thymidine kinase/acyclovir system. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998; 111:483-7. [PMID: 11245062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the replicated-deficient recombinant adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase/acyclovir (Adtk/ACV) system and to evaluate its suicide effect on rat C6 brain gliomas in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The plasmid pAdtk and pJM17 were co-infected into 293 cells (adenovector packaging cells) and the results were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. After the glioma C6 cells were transduced by Adtk at different multiplicity of infection (MOI) and exposed to different concentrations of ACV or gancyclovir (GCV), the cell survival curves were studied, and the cell surface was observed with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). C6 gliomas in vivo at different inoculation days were injected with Adtk intratumorally and ACV intraperitoneally daily, and the survival duration and histologic changes of the rats were observed. RESULTS The infectious Adtk virions had a suicide effect which was enhanced with the increase in MOIs of Adtk and ACV doses along with bystander effect. Under scanning electronic microscope, special pathologic changes were observed. ACV had a similar effect as GCV but a higher dose was used. The survival duration in day 3, day 6 and day 8 groups exceeded 90 days, and the rats in day 10 group survived 28.5 +/- 4.6 days, but the survival duration in untreated C6 group and AdLacZ/ACV (adenovirus-mediated LacZ/ACV) treated group were 16.8 +/- 3.1 and 14.0 +/- 2.2 days respectively. CONCLUSION Adtk/ACV system can effectively kill the rat brain gliomas in vitro and in vivo.
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Bao Y, Lu D, Xu H, Shi Q, Qiu X, Xue J. Polymorphism of DXS102 locus in Chinese population and its application to gene diagnosis in hemophilia B family. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998; 111:527-30. [PMID: 11245073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the polymorphism of DXS102 locus from Xq26.3-27.1 in Chinese population for the gene diagnosis in Hemophilia B family. METHODS DNA was extracted from blood samples obtained from Shanghai unrelated volunteer donors with phenol-chloroform method. A total of 23x chromosomes (154 from females, 80 from males) were studied. A hemophilia B family in which a hemophilia B patient has received gene therapy was analyzed. The polymorphism of DXS102 locus in Chinese population was determined with amplified fragment length polymorphisms assay (Amp-FLP), denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, silver stain detection. Short tandem repeats (STRs) linkage analysis was used to conduct gene diagnosis in hemophilia B family. RESULTS Eight alleles were found at DXS102 locus, of which two alleles were first reported. The repeated number of AC dinucleotide ranges from 13 to 21. And the values of the observed heterozygosity, calculated heterozygosity and polymorphism information content(PIC) were 0.87, 0.80, 0.80 respectively. It was also found that the difference of the allele frequencies of DXS102 in Chinese and European populations was significant. By using the linkage analysis of the DXS102 locus, a family with a hemophilia B patient receiving gene therapy in 1994 was analyzed and meanwhile a carrier in that family was then detected. CONCLUSIONS The polymorphism of DXS102 locus reveals significant difference between Chinese and European populations. DXS102 locus can be used as a promising marker for gene diagnosis in hemophilia B family.
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