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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to correlate the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma using spiral computed tomography (CT) with pathologic staging and to correlate the enhancement pattern of advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) on spiral CT with histological type. A total of 180 patients with gastric carcinomas confirmed at surgery underwent spiral CT. After surgery, pathologic findings were compared with CT findings. The detection rate for T1 tumors was 81.4% (57/70), and all T2-4 tumors were detected (110/110). In the T class, good correlation with pathology occurred in 47.8%. In the N class, good correlation with pathology occurred in 52.2%. The rate of understaging in the N class (31.7%) was higher than that of overstaging (16.1%) (P<.001). In AGC, the tumor mass showed delayed enhancement, regardless of Borrmann's type. By histological pattern, good and delayed enhancement was seen in 2/3 (66.7%) with signet ring cell type, but 4/5 (80%) with mucinous type were poorly enhanced (P=.019). Spiral CT for determining the preoperative staging of gastric carcinoma was not accurate. However, the enhancement pattern of AGC correlated with histological type.
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327
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Wu CL, Bronstein RD, Chen JM, Lee DH, Rouse LM. Postoperative analgesic requirements in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPEDICS (BELLE MEAD, N.J.) 2000; 29:974-8. [PMID: 11140353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) procedures are associated with significant postoperative pain and have traditionally been done on a short-stay hospitalization basis because of concerns for adequate postoperative analgesia. A retrospective chart review was performed to determine postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine requirements for 80 patients who had undergone arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction under general anesthesia by means of a patellar tendon autograft by 1 of 2 surgeons. The mean +/- SD PCA morphine used after surgery was 20.4+/-20.0 mg. There was a wide interpatient difference in postoperative opioid consumption: the amount of PCA morphine used ranged from 0 mg to 124 mg. A comparison between the surgeons revealed that 1 surgeon had significantly longer intraoperative surgical, tourniquet, and anesthesia times; however, there was no difference in the length of recovery room stay, amount of postoperative PCA morphine used, or time to hospital discharge. Predicting which patients may benefit from short-stay hospitalization after arthroscopic ACL reconstruction may be difficult because of considerable interpatient differences in postoperative analgesic requirements.
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328
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Lee DH, Bardossy L, Peterson N, Blajchman MA. o-raffinose cross-linked hemoglobin improves the hemostatic defect associated with anemia and thrombocytopenia in rabbits. Blood 2000; 96:3630-6. [PMID: 11071664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several different preparations of cross-linked hemoglobin (CLHb) are being evaluated for their efficacy and safety as red cell substitutes in a variety of preclinical and clinical settings. Because CLHb is known to sequester nitric oxide (NO) and inhibit NO-mediated processes, we hypothesized that CLHb would have a hemostatic effect by enhancing platelet reactivity, inducing vasoconstriction, or both. Infusion of o-raffinose CLHb shortened the prolonged microvascular bleeding time and decreased blood loss from ear incisions in rabbits rendered anemic and thrombocytopenic. Moreover, this hemostatic effect persisted for at least 24 hours after infusion. Phenylephrine induced a degree of vasoconstriction similar to that induced by CLHb but did not shorten the bleeding time or decrease blood loss, suggesting that vasoconstriction alone cannot account for the hemostatic effect of CLHb. There was no evidence of CLHb-induced activation of coagulation in vivo, since infusion of CLHb did not increase circulating levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex. In vitro, CLHb abolished the inhibitory effect of the NO donor 3-morpholinosydnonimine on platelet aggregation and enhanced the aggregation of stimulated but not resting platelets. This potentiating effect was not attenuated by the addition of superoxide dismutase or catalase. To evaluate the potential arterial thrombogenicity of CLHb, a model of carotid artery thrombosis was developed in rabbits without thrombocytopenia or anemia. Compared with albumin infusion, CLHb infusion shortened the time to complete carotid occlusion. These data suggest that CLHb may shift the thromboregulatory balance toward clot formation, resulting in decreased bleeding in anemic and thrombocytopenic rabbits and possibly increasing arterial thrombogenicity in normal rabbits.
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329
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Men S, Lee DH, Barron JR, Muñoz DG. Selective neuronal necrosis associated with status epilepticus: MR findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2000; 21:1837-40. [PMID: 11110535 PMCID: PMC7974287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the MR imaging findings in an autopsy-proven case of selective neuronal necrosis involving the entire left cerebral hemispheric cortex, left thalamus, and contralateral cerebellum following a period of status epilepticus. Imaging findings include diffusion abnormality on diffusion-weighted images and increased intensity on T2-weighted images in the above-mentioned regions of the brain.
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330
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Song HY, Jung HY, Park SI, Kim SB, Lee DH, Kang SG, Il Min Y. Covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents in patients with benign esophageal strictures: initial experience. Radiology 2000; 217:551-7. [PMID: 11058659 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.217.2.r00nv03551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the safety and clinical effectiveness of covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents in 25 patients with a benign esophageal stricture. MATERIALS AND METHODS Under fluoroscopic guidance, covered retrievable expandable nitinol stents were placed in 25 patients with a benign esophageal stricture and were removed with a retrieval hook 1-8 weeks later. RESULTS Stent placement was successful in all patients, with no procedural complications. After stent placement, all patients could ingest solid food. The stents were successfully removed from all but two patients. One patient passed the stent via the rectum, and the other regurgitated a high cervical stent. After stent removal, one patient developed a small esophagobronchial fistula, which spontaneously sealed within 1 week of stent removal. After stent removal or migration, all patients could ingest solid food. During follow-up (mean, 13 months; range, 2-25 months) after stent removal or migration, 12 patients maintained their improvement in dysphagia and needed no further treatment. Thirteen patients with recurrence were treated by means of repeat balloon dilation. CONCLUSION Use of retrievable expandable nitinol stents seems to be a safe and effective method of treatment in selected patients with benign esophageal strictures.
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331
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Lee JH, Lee DH, Yu JS, Lee SJ, Kwon WC, Kim KW. Pneumoperitoneum caused by transhepatic air leak after metallic biliary stent placement. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2000; 23:482-4. [PMID: 11232901 DOI: 10.1007/s002700010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A self-expanding metallic biliary stent was placed for palliation of a common bile duct obstruction in a 68-year-old male with unresectable pancreatic head cancer 3 days after initial percutaneous right transhepatic catheter decompression. The stent crossed the ampulla of Vater. Three days later, the stent was balloon-dilated and the percutaneous access was removed. At removal, a small contrast leak from the transhepatic tract was seen. Three days later, pneumoperitoneum was found with symptoms of peritoneal irritation and fever. A widely open sphincter of Oddi caused by the metallic stent, accompanied by delayed sealing of the transhepatic tract, may have caused the air and bile leakage into the peritoneal space. This case shows that pneumoperitoneum may occur without ductal tear or bowel injury, with a biliary stent crossing the ampulla of Vater.
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332
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Lee DH, Lee CB. Chilling stress-induced changes of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of cucumber: in gel enzyme activity assays. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2000; 159:75-85. [PMID: 11011095 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-9452(00)00326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the antioxidant defense system, chilling stress-induced changes of antioxidant enzymes were examined in the leaves of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Chilling stress preferentially enhanced the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and peroxidase specific to guaiacol, whereas it induced the decrease of catalase activity. In order to analyze the changes of antioxidant enzyme isoforms against chilling stress, foliar extracts were subjected to native PAGE. Leaves of cucumber had four isoforms of Mn-SOD and two isoforms of Cu/Zn-SOD. Fe-SOD isoform was not observed in this plant. Expression of Cu/Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD was preferentially enhanced by chilling stress. Expression of Mn-SOD-2 and -4 was enhanced after 48 h of the poststress period. Five APX isoforms were presented in the leaves of cucumber. The intensities of APX-4 and -5 were enhanced by chilling stress, whereas that of APX-3 was significantly increased in the poststress periods after chilling stress. Gel stained for GR activity revealed six isoforms in the plant. Activation levels for most of GR isoforms were higher in the stressed-plants than the control and poststressed-plants, but that of GR-1 isoform was significantly higher in the poststressed-plants than chilling stressed-plants. These results collectively suggest that chilling stress activates the enzymes of an SOD/ascorbate-glutathione cycle under catalase deactivation in the leaves of cucumber, but the response timing of enzyme isoforms against various environmental stresses is not the same for all isoforms of antioxidant enzymes.
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333
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Choi M, Kim JH, Lee DH, Lee SH, Rho HM. Frequency data on four tetrameric STR loci D18S1270, D14S608, D16S3253 and D21S1437 in a Korean population. Int J Legal Med 2000; 113:179-80. [PMID: 10876993 DOI: 10.1007/s004140050294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
We present the results of a population study in Korea for four new tetrameric short tandem repeat (STR) loci employing multiplex PCR amplification, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the PCR products and silver staining, which allow single base pair resolution and rapid typing. The loci tested were D18S1270, D14S608, D16S3253 and D21S1437 and all loci showed no significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in more than 100 unrelated Koreans. This allelic frequency data can be used in forensic analyses and paternity tests to estimate the frequency of a multiplex PCR based DNA profile in the Korean population.
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Park JC, Sung HJ, Lee DH, Park YH, Cho BK, Suh H. Specific determination of endothelial cell viability in the whole cell fraction from cryopreserved canine femoral veins using flow cytometry. Artif Organs 2000; 24:829-33. [PMID: 11091174 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2000.06514-2.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Abstract: An efficient method for specifically determining the viability of endothelial cells (EC) from cells dissociated from the human saphenous vein was investigated. Three different methods, trypan blue staining assay, [3H]-proline incorporation assay, and flow cytometry (FCM), combined with the fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated with Griffonia simplicifolia agglutins (GS1-FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, were used. Both trypan blue staining and [3H] proline incorporation assays demonstrated less sensitivity to determine viability of EC differentially from the other cells. FITC-GS1 showed prominent binding to the vascular EC and could be counted by FCM including PI on dead cells. Following the cryopreservation process, the GS1-FITC/PI FCM analytical method was adopted to test simultaneously the viability of whole cells and EC from the same tissue, human saphenous veins, and mongrel dogs' femoral veins after harvesting, antibiotic solution treatment, and thawing. The viability of the whole cells from veins decreased with a significant difference (p < 0.05) from that of EC after thawing.
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335
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Abdi S, Lee DH, Park SK, Chung JM. Lack of pre-emptive analgesic effects of local anaesthetics on neuropathic pain. Br J Anaesth 2000; 85:620-3. [PMID: 11064624 DOI: 10.1093/bja/85.4.620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the significance of pre-emptive analgesia using a well-known model of neuropathic pain in rats. Lignocaine, bupivacaine or saline was applied locally to the left L5-L6 spinal nerve before or 4 days after nerve injury. Mechanical allodynia was then evaluated before and after injury. Pre- and post-injury treatment with local anaesthetics both resulted in a two- to threefold increase in the pain threshold, as manifested by a significant increase in von Frey measurements. However, this effect lasted only 24 h. Our study in rats questions the beneficial effect of a single dose of local anaesthetic as pre-emptive analgesia.
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336
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Kim HJ, Kim SH, Kim SO, Lee DH, Lim H, Yoo SE, Lee MG. Dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of a new neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, KR-31378, in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2000; 21:279-84. [PMID: 11512127 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The dose-dependent pharmacokinetic parameters of a new neuroprotective agent for ischemia-reperfusion damage, KR-31378, were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration, 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, to rats. After intravenous administration of 50 mg/kg, the dose-normalized (10 mg/kg) AUC (994 microg min/mL) was significantly greater than that at 10 (569 microg min/ml) and 20 (660 microg min/mL) mg/kg. This could be due to slower clearance (Cl) with increasing dosage (18.5, 14.6, and 10.2 mL/min/kg for 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, respectively). The slower Cl with increasing dosage could be due to saturable metabolism of KR-31378 in rats and this could be supported by significantly slower Cl(nr) and significantly greater 24-h urinary excretion of the drug at 50 mg/kg than those at 10 and 20 mg/kg. After oral administration of 50 mg/kg, the dose-normalized (10 mg/kg) AUC (1160 microg min/mL) was significantly greater than that at 10 (572 microg min/mL) and 20 (786 microg min/mL) mg/kg. Note that the AUCs were comparable (not significantly different) between intravenous and oral administration at each dosage, indicating that the absorption from gastrointestinal tract was almost complete and the first-pass (gastric, intestinal, and hepatic) effect was not considerable after oral administration to rats.
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Park JC, Sung HJ, Lee DH, Park YH, Cho BK, Suh H. Viability of cells in cryopreserved canine cardiovascular organs for transplantation. Yonsei Med J 2000; 41:556-62. [PMID: 11079614 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2000.41.5.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine applicability of the cryopreservation procedure for vessel grafts, the viability of endothelial cells (ECs) among the whole cells in three kinds of organs artery, vein, trachea in mongrel dogs was evaluated on the basis of histological analysis. The Griffonia simplicifolia agglutins-fluorescein isothiocyanate (GSA-FITC) and propidium iodide (PI) double staining methods were combined with flow cytometry (FCM), which was able to simultaneously determine the viability of whole cells and ECs from the same tissue, were performed after harvesting, after antibiotic solution treatment, and after cryopreservation and thawing. In most cases, the viability of ECs is lower than that of whole cells from veins and arteries. The viability of whole cells in veins was maintained until the antibiotic solution treatment and then decreased significantly after cryopreservation and thawing, while the ECs began to decrease significantly after the antibiotic solution treatment and more markedly decreased after thawing. The viability of ECs and whole cells from arteries was similar to that of the veins' conditions. The viability of whole cells from the trachea decreased with a similar pattern to that of the ECs from vessels. In consideration of maintaining cell viability among the three kinds of organs, the viability of arteries was better than that of the others. The cells in the trachea demonstrated a lower viability than the vessels. The effect of antibiotic solution treatment on the reduction of cell viability depends on the treatment time and temperature.
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Kang K, Bae SJ, Kim WM, Lee DH, Cho U, Lee MH, Lee MS, Nam S, Kuettner KE, Schwartz DE. Molecular characteristics of the inhibition of human neutrophil elastase by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Exp Mol Med 2000; 32:146-54. [PMID: 11048646 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2000.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) are known as clinically effective agents for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase has been thought to be a major facet of the pharmacological mechanism of NSAIDs. However, it is difficult to ascribe the antiinflammatory effects of NSAIDs solely to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Human neutrophil elastase (HNElastase; HNE, EC 3.4.21.37) has been known as a causative factor in inflammatory diseases. To investigate the specific relationship between HNElastase inhibition and specificity of molecular structure of several NSAIDs, HNElastase was purified by Ultrogel AcA54 gel filtration, CM-Sephadex ion exchange, and HPLC (with TSK 250 column) chromatography. HNElastase was inhibited by aspirin and salicylate in a competitive manner and by naproxen, ketoprofen, phenylbutazone, and oxyphenbutazone in a partial competative manner, but not by ibuprofen and tolmetin. HNElastase-phenylbutazone-complex showed strong Raman shifts at 200, 440, 1124, 1194, 1384, 1506, and 1768 cm(-1). The Raman bands 1194, 1384, and 1768 cm(-1) may represent evidences of the conformational change at -N=N-phi radical, pyrazol ring, and -C=O radical of the elastase-drug complex, respectively. Phenylbutazone might be bound to HNElastase by ionic and hydrophobic interaction, and masked the active site. Inhibition of HNElastase could be another mechanism of action of NSAIDs besides cyclooxygenase inhibition in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Different inhibition characteristics of HNE-lastase by NSAIDs such as aspirin, phenylbutazone-like drugs and ineffective drugs could be important points for drawing the criteria for appropriate drugs in clinical application.
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Kang YS, Jeong SY, Cho HJ, Kim DS, Lee DH, Kim TS. Transanally injected triamcinolone acetonide in levator syndrome. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43:1288-91. [PMID: 11005499 DOI: 10.1007/bf02237438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several treatments are used for the treatment of levator syndrome, such as rectal massage, biofeedback, and galvanic stimulation. But their effects are inconsistent, and multiple treatment sessions are usually required. Triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine mixture was injected locally into the tenderest point in levator syndrome under the hypothesis that levator syndrome is caused by tendinitis of pelvic floor musculature. METHODS A mixture of 40 mg of triamcinolone acetonide and 1 ml of 2 percent lidocaine was injected into the tenderest point transanally in 104 patients (33 males; mean age, 51 years) with levator syndrome from December 1996 to May 1998 at Daehang Clinic. Additional injections were repeated at two-week intervals to a maximum of three injections in cases of poor response. Follow-up was performed prospectively concerning patient's perception of pain level using a visual analog scale. Depending on the response, the patients were classified into four groups: pain-free, good, fair, and no response. More than 50 percent pain reduction was classified as "good," and less than 49 percent reduction as "fair." RESULTS The injection regions, where the tenderest points were identified on digital rectal compression, were left anterior anal canal in 71.2 percent of patients, right anterior in 3.8 percent of patients, and posterior in 25 percent of patients. The results of treatment were as follows: at three months after injection, response was classified as pain-free in 36.8 percent of patients, good in 35 percent of patients, fair in 19.5 percent of patients, and no response in 8.7 percent of patients; at six months the response was pain-free in 30.1 percent of patients, good in 46.5 percent of patients, fair in 18.2 percent of patients, and no response in 5.2 percent of patients. Most patients, except 8.7 percent at three months and 5.2 percent at six months, experienced treatment benefits. There were no complications during the follow-up periods. CONCLUSION Transanal injection of triamcinolone acetonide and lidocaine mixture into the tenderest point is such a simple, safe, and very effective modality that it can be recommended as a primary therapy for levator syndrome.
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340
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Wang HY, Lee DH, Davis CB, Shank RP. Amyloid peptide Abeta(1-42) binds selectively and with picomolar affinity to alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Neurochem 2000; 75:1155-61. [PMID: 10936198 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have recently reported evidence that a very high affinity interaction between the beta-amyloid peptide Abeta(1-42) and the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7nAChR) may be a precipitating event in the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, the kinetics for the binding of Abeta(1-42) to alpha7nAChR and alpha4beta2nAChR were determined using the subtype-selective nicotinic receptor ligands [(3)H]methyllycaconitine and [(3)H]cytisine. Synaptic membranes prepared from rat and guinea pig cerebral cortex and hippocampus were used as the source of receptors. Abeta(1-42) bound to the alpha7nAChR with exceptionally high affinity, as indicated by K(i) values of 4.1 and 5.0 pM for rat and guinea pig receptors, respectively. When compared with the alpha7nAChR, the affinity of Abeta(1-42) for the alpha4beta2nAChR was approximately 5,000-fold lower, as indicated by corresponding K(i) values of 30 and 23nM. The results of this study support the concept that an exceptionally high affinity interaction between Abeta(1-42) and alpha7nAChR could serve as a precipitating factor in the formation of amyloid plaques and thereby contribute to the selective degeneration of cholinergic neurons that originate in the basal forebrain and project to the cortex and hippocampus.
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341
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Kim JC, Kim WS, Ryu JS, Oh SJ, Lee DH, Koo KH, Roh SA, Kim HC, Yu CS, Kang GH, Bodmer WF. Applicability of carcinoembryonic antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies to radioimmunoguided surgery for human colorectal carcinoma. Cancer Res 2000; 60:4825-9. [PMID: 10987293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Two carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), PR1A3 and T84.66, were tested to determine whether they could accurately localize colorectal carcinoma and therefore be applicable in radioimmunoguided surgery (RIGS). Twenty-one tumors by three human colorectal carcinoma cell lines with various levels of CEA expression (KM-12c, C75, and Clone A) were successfully implanted in the intra-abdominal organs of 15 nude mice. The tumors was localized using a portable radioisotope detector (Neoprobe 1000) 48 h after injection of radiolabeled MAbs (10 mCi/mouse) when the precordial counts were <20 per 2 s. Histopathological identification of radiolabeled MAbs were also performed using immunohistochemistry and microautoradiography. Radioactivity counted on a portable radioisotope detector correlated well with that on a gamma counter. The distribution in the blood was significantly greater than in other organs (P < 0.001). Localization indices of the tumor in various organs was from 1.1 to 8.5 in the PR1A3-pretreated mice and 3.0 to 8.6 in the T84.66-pretreated mice. Silver grains and immune staining were distributed in the tumor cells of the PR1A3-pretreated mice, whereas they were in the necrotic debris as well as the tumor cells of the T84.66-pretreated mice. There were significantly more silver grains in the liver in the T84.66-pretreated mice than in the PR1A3-pretreated mice (P = 0.004). The sensitivity and specificity of tumor localization by RIGS were 71.4 and 91.4% in the PR1A3-pretreated mice, whereas they were 60 and 76% in the T84.66-pretreated mice. A study using specific anti-CEA MAbs suggested PR1A3 as an efficient immune probe for RIGS in colorectal carcinoma with a low rate of false-positive detection.
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Kim YC, Lee SH, Noh GJ, Cho SY, Yeom JH, Shin WJ, Lee DH, Ryu JS, Park YS, Cha KJ, Lee SC. Thermosoftening treatment of the nasotracheal tube before intubation can reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:698-701. [PMID: 10960403 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-200009000-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated whether a thermosoftening treatment with warm saline of a nasotracheal preformed tube can improve navigability through the nasal passageways and reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. A total of 150 patients were randomly allocated to three groups: Group I (untreated tube group, n = 50), Group II (35 degrees C treated tube group, n = 50), and Group III (45 degrees C treated tube group, n = 50). In Groups II and III, the tubes were softened at 35 +/- 2 degrees C and 45 +/- 2 degrees C with warm saline, respectively. In Group I the tube was prepared at room temperature (25 +/- 2 degrees C). The incidence of epistaxis and nasal damage in Groups II and III was significantly less than that of Group I (P: < 0.05). Despite the more frequent incidence of smooth passage in Group III, no statistical difference was found among the groups. Logistic regression analysis also confirmed that epistaxis was more likely to be reduced when the tube had been thermosoftened (odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval = 1.02, 2.11). We conclude that simple thermosoftening treatment of the nasotracheal tube with warm saline helps to reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. IMPLICATIONS Thermosoftening treatment of a nasotracheal tube with warm saline before intubation can effectively reduce epistaxis and nasal damage. This technique is safe, easy, and suitable for all types of tubes and does not require additional implements.
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Lim JW, Ko YT, Lee DH, Park SJ, Oh JH, Yoon Y, Chang SG. Treatment of prostatic abscess: value of transrectal ultrasonographically guided needle aspiration. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2000; 19:609-617. [PMID: 10972557 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2000.19.9.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of transrectal ultrasonographically guided needle aspiration in the treatment of prostatic abscess. Fourteen patients with prostatic abscess were evaluated with this technique and treated with sonographically guided needle aspiration. Using this technique, all cases (100%) had one or more hypoechoic areas within the prostate that contained inhomogeneous materials; in 10 patients (71.0%), the lesion showed internal septa or solid portion. The margins of the hypoechoic area were well defined and thick in 11 patients (79.0%) and poorly defined in 3 patients (21.0%). The estimated volume of the prostatic abscess ranged between 2 and 28 ml (mean, 12.0 ml). The presence of a pus collection within the prostate was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonographically guided aspiration in all patients. However, successful treatment of prostatic abscess with transrectal needle aspiration was done in 12 (86.0%) of 14 patients; the treatment failed in 2 (14.0%) of 14 patients. One patient was treated with perineal incision and drainage and the other with transurethral resection. The amount of pus drained ranged between 1 and 39 ml (mean, 12.0 ml). On follow-up transrectal ultrasonographic examination, no remaining abscess pocket was found within the prostate in any of the cases. One year later, the prostatic abscess recurred in one case. In conclusion, transrectal ultrasonographic guidance is useful in the diagnosis of prostatic abscess as well as in the guidance for aspiration and the drainage of such abscesses. Transrectal ultrasonographically guided needle aspiration could be an effective method for treating prostatic abscess.
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Yang EK, Yoon HH, Lee DH, Park JK. Assessment of toxic potential of industrial chemicals using a cultured human bioartificial skin model: production of interleukin 1alpha and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. SKIN PHARMACOLOGY AND APPLIED SKIN PHYSIOLOGY 2000; 13:246-57. [PMID: 10940814 DOI: 10.1159/000029930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity assays using artificial skin are proposed as alternative methods for in vitro tests to minimize animals used in ocular and dermal irritation testing. The responses of the artificial skins were studied to a well-characterized chemical irritant, such as toluene, glutaraldehyde and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and a nonirritant, such as polyethylene glycol. The evaluation of irritating and nonirritating test chemicals was also compared with responses seen in human dermal fibroblasts and human epidermal keratinocytes grown in monolayer culture. The responses monitored included the MTT mitochondrial functionality assay. In order to better understand the local mechanisms involved in skin damage and repair, the productions of several mitogenic proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 15-HETE were investigated. Dose-dependent increases in the levels of IL-1alpha and HETEs were observed in the underlying medium of the skin systems exposed to two skin irritants, glutaraldehyde and SLS. The results of the present study show that both human artificial skins can be used as efficient testing models for the evaluation of skin toxicity in vitro and for screening the contact skin irritancy in vitro.
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Lee J, Park GM, Lee DH, Park SJ, Yong TS. Intestinal parasite infections at an institution for the handicapped in Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2000; 38:179-81. [PMID: 11002655 PMCID: PMC2721199 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Stool and cellotape anal swab examinations were carried out in August 1997 on handicapped people at an institution located in Chorwon-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea. A total of 112 stool samples (78 males and 34 females) revealed three cases of Trichuris trichiura infection and one case of Enterobius vermicularis infection. Other helminth eggs were not detected. The overall prevalence rate was 35.7% (38.5% for males and 29.4% for females). More than two different kinds of parasites were found in 42.0% of the positive stool samples (17 cases). The infection rates for protozoan cysts are as follow: Entamoeba coli (25.0%), E. histolytica (1.8%), Endolimax nana (21.4%), Iodoamoeba bütschlii (1.8%) and Giardia lamblia (0.9%). In cellotape anal swab examinations (165 samples), the prevalence rate of E. vermicularis was 20.6% (25.7% of males and 9.6% of females). In conclusion, the handicapped people in the institution showed higher infection rates of protozoan parasites and E. vermicularis, possibly due to more accessibility to the infection.
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346
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Han JH, Lee DH. Structure of a vortex in the t-J model. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:1100-1103. [PMID: 10991484 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.1100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study the single-vortex solution of the t-J model within resonating-valence-bond mean-field theory. We find two types of vortex cores, insulating and metallic, depending on the parameters of the model. The pairing order parameter near both cores have d(x(2)-y(2))+ietad(xy) symmetry. For some range of t/J the calculated tunneling spectrum of the metallic vortex core agrees qualitatively with the STM tunneling data for BSCCO.
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Kim EK, Lee DH, Lee K, Lim SJ, Yoon IS, Lee YG. Nocardia Keratitis After Traumatic Detachment of a Laser in situ Keratomileusis Flap. J Refract Surg 2000; 16:467-9. [PMID: 10939728 DOI: 10.3928/1081-597x-20000701-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nocardia are gram-positive bacteria existing ubiquitously in the environment; they can cause keratitis. Nocardia asteroides keratitis occurred in the interface between the stromal bed and flap after traumatic detachment of the flap 4 months after an initially uncomplicated laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure. METHODS Nocardia asteroides keratitis was confirmed by culture. Therapy included topical and oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. RESULTS Thirteen months after the trauma, the patient's spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 with a manifest refraction of -2.25 -1.00 x 30 degrees. CONCLUSIONS The immediate steps of management consisting of surgically lifting the corneal flap, rapid microbial identification, and proper treatment with specific antibiotics resulted in the successful treatment of Nocardia asteroides keratitis in a traumatized eye after LASIK.
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348
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Scott MK, Ross TM, Lee DH, Wang HY, Shank RP, Wild KD, Davis CB, Crooke JJ, Potocki AC, Reitz AB. 2,3-Dihydro-dithiin and -dithiepine-1,1,4,4-tetroxides: small molecule non-peptide antagonists of the human galanin hGAL-1 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2000; 8:1383-91. [PMID: 10896115 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)00062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin modulates several physiological functions such as cognition, learning, feeding behavior, and depression, probably via the galanin 1 receptor (GAL-R1). Using an HTS assay based on 125I-human galanin binding to the human galanin-1 receptor (hGAL-R1), we discovered a series of 1,4-dithiin and dithiipine-1,1,4,4-tetroxides that exhibited binding affinity IC50's to hGAL-R1 ranging from 190 to 2700 nM. Two of the dithiepin analogues, 7 and 23, behaved pharmacologically as hGAL-R1 antagonists in secondary assays involving adenylate cyclase activity and GTP binding to G-proteins. Analogues 7 and 23 were also active in functional assays involving galanin, reversing the inhibitory effect of galanin on acetylcholine (ACh) release in rat brain hippocampal slices and electrically-stimulated guinea pig ileum twitch.
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Kim IY, Lee DH, Ahn HJ, Tokunaga H, Song W, Devereaux LM, Jin D, Sampath TK, Morton RA. Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptors type-IA, -IB and -II correlates with tumor grade in human prostate cancer tissues. Cancer Res 2000; 60:2840-4. [PMID: 10850425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are potential regulators of prostate cancer cell growth and metastasis that signal through an interaction with BMP membrane receptors (BMPRs) type I and type II. In the present study, Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis of BMPRs were carried out in benign and malignant human prostate tissues to explain the loss of BMP response in human prostate cancer cells. The results demonstrated that the benign prostate specimens expressed high levels of all three BMPRs. In normal prostate, BMPRs were localized predominantly to epithelial cells. Among prostate cancer specimens, well-differentiated cancers were positive for the expression of BMPR-II, BMPR-IA, and BMPR-IB, for the most part. In contrast, only 1 of 10 poorly differentiated prostate cancer cases was positive for each of the three BMPRs (P < 0.005 for all three receptors). Taken together, these results indicate that human prostate cancer cells frequently exhibit loss of expression of BMPRs and suggest that loss of BMPRs may play an important role during the progression of prostate cancer.
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Cho BC, Lee DH, Park JW, Byun JS, Baik BS. Second toe to index finger transfer. BRITISH JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2000; 53:324-30. [PMID: 10876259 DOI: 10.1054/bjps.2000.3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Between April 1994 and May 1998, 15 amputated index fingers were treated based on three classifications: group 1 consisted of patients with index finger defects immediately proximal to, yet including, the distal interphalangeal joint, group 2 were those patients with defects from the proximal part of the distal interphalangeal joint to the distal part of the proximal interphalangeal joint and group 3 comprised patients with more proximal defects than group 2. With a total of six men and nine women, seven cases were included in group 1, five in group 2 and three in group 3. For the patients in groups 1 and 2, only a partial length of the second toe was transferred to the index finger, whereas in group 3 the total length of the toe needed to be transferred. The results can be summarised as follows:1. The two-point discrimination of the reconstructed index tip was 2.2 mm for group 1, 2 mm for group 2 and 2.3 mm for group 3.2. In group 1, the average range of motion in the transferred toe was 43.8>> in the distal interphalangeal joint. In groups 2 and 3, the average range of motion in the transferred toe was 30>> and 30.7>> in the distal interphalangeal joint, and 50>> and 39.3>> in the proximal interphalangeal joint, respectively.3. When compared with the contralateral index finger, the pinching power was measured at 83% in group 1, 70% in group 2 and 60% in group 3.4. Excellent results were obtained in group 1, good results in group 2 and fair results in group 3. Accordingly, the more proximal the defect in the index finger, the less satisfactory the result obtained.
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