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Xu Y, Wang B, Chen J, Wang Q, Zhu B, Shen H, Qie Y, Wang J, Wang H. Chimaeric Protein Improved Immunogenicity Compared with Fusion Protein of Ag85B and ESAT-6 Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Scand J Immunol 2006; 64:476-81. [PMID: 17032239 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2006.01812.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Antigen 85B (Ag85B) and ESAT-6 are important immunodominant antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and both are very promising vaccine candidate molecules. In this study, we relied on the T-cell epitopes of Ag85B and ESAT-6 to design a chimaeric protein by inserting ESAT-6 into Ag85B from the amino acids 167-182. We found the ratio of IgG2b/IgG1 and the secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma in the mice vaccinated with the new protein with adjuvant MPL and TDM were higher than the mice immunized with fusion protein Ag85B-ESAT-6, which have been reported and could induce levels of protective immunity similar to BCG in the mouse model of tuberculosis (TB) infection. These results suggest that the chimaeric protein Ag85B(N)-ESAT-6-Ag85B(C) is a strong candidate for further study and the T-cell epitopes of the antigens should be considered when we design the subunit vaccine.
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352
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Shen H, Long JR, Xiong DH, Guo YF, Xiao P, Liu YZ, Zhao LJ, Liu YJ, Deng HY, Li JL, Recker RR, Deng HW. A genomewide scan for quantitative trait loci underlying areal bone size variation in 451 Caucasian families. J Med Genet 2006; 43:873-80. [PMID: 16825438 PMCID: PMC2563191 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2006.041251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Revised: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone size is an important determinant of bone strength and is under strong genetic control. OBJECTIVE To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for areal bone size variation, a large-scale genomewide linkage scan was carried out in 451 Caucasian families. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Of 4124 people with phenotypes, 3899 were genotyped with 410 microsatellite markers. Multipoint linkage analyses were carried out in the entire sample, as well as in men and women separately. Potential epistatic interactions between identified genomic regions were also assessed. RESULTS Several potentially important genomic regions were identified, such as 8q24 for hip bone size (logarithm of the ratio of the odds that two loci are linked (LOD) 3.27) and 2p24 (LOD 2.04) for spine bone size. 8q24 may also interact with 19p13 to affect hip bone size. Several sex-specific QTL were also detected, such as 14q21 (LOD 2.94) for wrist bone size in women and 16q12 (LOD 2.19) for hip bone size in men. CONCLUSIONS Together with previous findings, this study has further delineated the genetic basis of bone size and laid a foundation for future studies to eventually elucidate the mechanisms of bone size regulation and associated fracture risks.
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353
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Chiang YH, Chen GJ, Shen H, Chou J, Wang Y. Histogranin reduced brain injury after transient focal ischemia in rats. Neurosci Lett 2006; 406:211-5. [PMID: 16904827 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2006] [Revised: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Excitatory amino acids (EAAs) play an important role during ischemic brain injury. In this study we examined the protective effect of histogranin (HN), an endogenous peptide that antagonizes excitatory amino acids-mediated activity noncompetitively, in an animal model of cerebral ischemia. Adult rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate. Histogranin was given intracerebroventricularly before a 60-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Animals were examined for their locomotor activity 2 days after MCAo. Histogranin significantly increased locomotor activity in the stroke rats. Histogranin pretreatment reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and the caspase-3 immunoreactivity in the stroke animals. Taken together, our data suggest that histogranin is protective against ischemic brain injury. The protective effect may involve anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
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Li ZQ, Shen H, Chen L, Li Y, Günther B. Effect of compaction pressure on the microstructure of mechanically alloyed Ag37Cu63alloy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01418619508243925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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355
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Tan EK, Lu ZY, Fook-Chong SMC, Tan E, Shen H, Chua E, Yih Y, Teo YY, Zhao Y. Exploring an interaction of adenosine A2A receptor variability with coffee and tea intake in Parkinson's disease. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2006; 141B:634-6. [PMID: 16823803 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is an adenosine receptor A1 and A2A receptor antagonist and a putative functional genetic variant of the A2A receptor (2592C > Tins) mediates caffeine-induced anxiety. Here we investigated the potential interaction of this A2A genetic variant with the quantity of coffee and tea intake and their relationship with the risk of PD. A total of 441 subjects consisting of 222 PD and 219 race, gender and age matched controls were included. A multivariate analysis of the variables including the 2592C > Tins A2A genotypes, age of onset, gender, and the quantity of tea and coffee intake, interaction of the A2A genotypes with coffee intake, interaction of A2A genotypes with tea intake demonstrated the quantity of coffee intake to be significantly associated with PD (P < 0.0005, OR = 0.922, 95% CI: 0.881, 0.964). However, there was no significant interaction of the A2A genotypes with the quantity of coffee and tea intake in modulating the risk of PD. The dose dependent protective effect of coffee intake in PD was independent of the 2592C > Tins A2A genotype suggesting that the pharmacogenetic action of caffeine in PD may be mediated differently from other caffeine-induced neurologic syndromes.
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Ide S, Kobayashi H, Ujike H, Ozaki N, Sekine Y, Inada T, Harano M, Komiyama T, Yamada M, Iyo M, Iwata N, Tanaka K, Shen H, Iwahashi K, Itokawa M, Minami M, Satoh M, Ikeda K, Sora I. Linkage disequilibrium and association with methamphetamine dependence/psychosis of mu-opioid receptor gene polymorphisms. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2006; 6:179-88. [PMID: 16402083 DOI: 10.1038/sj.tpj.6500355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Several studies indicate that the mu-opioid receptor plays a role in addiction not only to opiate drugs but also to alcohol and non-opiate addictive drugs. Our studies aim to reveal the associations between gene polymorphisms and methamphetamine (MAP) dependence/psychosis. We newly identified several polymorphisms and four substantial linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks in the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene. We found significant differences in both genotype and allele frequencies of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) IVS2+G691C between control (n=232) and MAP-dependent/psychotic patients (n=128). There was also a significant association between IVS2+G691C and patients with transient psychosis. These results suggest that the OPRM1 gene variations may be a factor in development and prognosis of MAP psychosis.
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357
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Long JR, Xu H, Zhao LJ, Liu PY, Shen H, Liu YJ, Xiong DH, Xiao P, Liu YZ, Dvornyk V, Li JL, Recker RR, Deng HW. The oestrogen receptor alpha gene is linked and/or associated with age of menarche in different ethnic groups. J Med Genet 2006; 42:796-800. [PMID: 16199553 PMCID: PMC1735934 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.028381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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358
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Pao S, Rolph S, Westbrook E, Shen H. Use of Bacteriophages to Control Salmonella in Experimentally Contaminated Sprout Seeds. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.tb10720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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359
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Husted TL, Blanchard J, Schuster R, Shen H, Lentsch AB. Potential role for IL-23 in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Inflamm Res 2006; 55:177-8. [PMID: 16830103 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-006-0073-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-12 and IL-23 are related cytokines that share a p40 subunit. Our previous studies identified IL-12 as a primary initiator of the cytokine cascade induced after hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. Because those studies were conducted prior to the discovery of IL-23, it is not clear whether IL-12 or IL-23 is the relevant cytokine in this response. The current studies show that the antibodies used in our original study cross-react with IL-23. We also found that both IL-12 p35 and IL-23 p19 mRNA are expressed rapidly in the liver after ischemia/reperfusion. Finally, isolated Kupffer cells produced TNFalpha in response to IL-23, but not IL-12, suggesting that IL-23 may be the relevant initiator of the hepatic inflammatory response to ischemia/reperfusion.
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Bräu N, Bini EJ, Currie S, Shen H, Schmidt WN, King PD, Ho SB, Cheung RC, Hu KQ, Anand BS, Simon FR, Aytaman A, Johnson DP, Awad JA, Ahmad J, Mendenhall CL, Pedrosa MC, Moseley RH, Hagedorn CH, Waters B, Chang KM, Morgan TR, Rossi SJ, Jeffers LJ, Wright TL. Black patients with chronic hepatitis C have a lower sustained viral response rate than non-Blacks with genotype 1, but the same with genotypes 2/3, and this is not explained by more frequent dose reductions of interferon and ribavirin*. J Viral Hepat 2006; 13:242-9. [PMID: 16611190 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00682.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In previous hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment studies, Black patients not only had a lower sustained viral response (SVR) rate to interferon and ribavirin (RBV) than non-Black patients but also a higher frequency of HCV genotype 1 (GT-1) infection. The aim of this community-based study was to determine whether Black patients have a lower SVR rate independent of genotype. We prospectively enrolled 785 patients (24.8% Black, 71.5% White, 3.7% others) who received interferon alpha-2b 3 MU three times weekly + RBV 1000-1200 mg/day for 24 weeks (GT-2/3) or 48 weeks (GT-1). Black patients were more commonly infected with GT-1 (86.8%vs 64.8%, P < 0.001) and less frequently had an SVR compared with non-Black patients (8.4%vs 21.6%, P < 0.001). Within GT-1, Black patients had a lower SVR rate than non-Black patients (6.1%vs 14.1%, P = 0.004) but not within GT-2/3 (50.0%vs 36.5%, P = 0.47). Black patients had lower baseline haemoglobin levels (14.8 vs 15.3 g/dL, P < 0.001) and neutrophil counts (2900 vs 4100/mm(3), P < 0.001) and required more frequent dose reductions of RBV (29.8%vs 18.5%, P < 0.001) and interferon (4.7%vs 1.6%, P = 0.012). However, dose reductions were not associated with lower SVR rates while early treatment discontinuations were (2.9%vs 25.7%, P < 0.001). Independent predictors of SVR were GT-1 [odds ratio (OR) 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.20-0.55; P < 0.001], Black race (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.22-0.93; P = 0.030), and advanced fibrosis, stages 3 + 4 (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.31-0.92; P = 0.023). In conclusion, Black patients infected with HCV GT-1 (but not GT-2/3) have a lower SVR rate than non-Black patients. This is not explained by their lower baseline haemoglobin levels and neutrophil counts that lead to higher rates of ribavirin and interferon dose reductions.
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361
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Shen H. MD simulations of polymeric C 60fullerene layers/chain under tension. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020600764998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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362
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Liu PY, Zhang YY, Lu Y, Long JR, Shen H, Zhao LJ, Xu FH, Xiao P, Xiong DH, Liu YJ, Recker RR, Deng HW. A survey of haplotype variants at several disease candidate genes: the importance of rare variants for complex diseases. J Med Genet 2006; 42:221-7. [PMID: 15744035 PMCID: PMC1736011 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.024752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The haplotype based association method offers a powerful approach to complex disease gene mapping. In this method, a few common haplotypes that account for the vast majority of chromosomes in the populations are usually examined for association with disease phenotypes. This brings us to a critical question of whether rare haplotypes play an important role in influencing disease susceptibility and thus should not be ignored in the design and execution of association studies. METHODS To address this question we surveyed, in a large sample of 1873 white subjects, six candidate genes for osteoporosis (a common late onset bone disorder), which had 29 SNPs, an average marker density of 13 kb, and covered a total of 377 kb of the DNA sequence. RESULTS Our empirical data demonstrated that two rare haplotypes of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH related peptide receptor type 1 and vitamin D receptor genes (PTHR1 and VDR) with frequencies of 1.1% and 2.9%, respectively, had significant effects on osteoporosis phenotypes (p = 4.2 x 10(-6) and p = 1.6 x 10(-4), respectively). Large phenotypic differences (4.0 approximately 5.0%) were observed between carriers of these rare haplotypes and non-carriers. Carriers of the two rare haplotypes showed quantitatively continuous variation in the population and were derived from a wide spectrum rather than from one extreme tail of the population phenotype distribution. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that rare haplotypes/variants are important for disease susceptibility and cannot be ignored in genetics studies of complex diseases. The study has profound implications for association studies and applications of the HapMap project.
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363
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Xiong DH, Xu FH, Liu PY, Shen H, Long JR, Elze L, Recker RR, Deng HW. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms are linked to and associated with adult height. J Med Genet 2006; 42:228-34. [PMID: 15744036 PMCID: PMC1736013 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2004.024083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is important to human stature, as it mediates metabolic pathways, calcium homeostasis, and phosphate homeostasis, which influence growth. METHODS We examined the relationship between VDR and adult height in 1873 white subjects from 406 nuclear families. Four SNPs, namely -4817A/G at intron 1, FokI C/T at exon 2 start codon, BsmI A/G at intron 8, and TaqI T/C at exon 9 in VDR were tested for linkage and association with adult height variation by the program QTDT (quantitative transmission disequilibrium test). The bT haplotype of the BsmI and TaqI loci was further tested for its association with height in unrelated samples randomly chosen from the 406 nuclear families by traditional population association methods. RESULTS All four tested SNPs were linked to adult height. Within family associations with height were detected at BsmI and TaqI loci (p = 0.048 and 0.039, respectively). Analyses based on BsmI/TaqI haplotypes also revealed evidence for linkage (p = 0.05) and association (p = 0.001) with height. The bT haplotype was significantly associated with higher adult height (p = 0.033, within family association test). Such an association might be female specific and influenced by menstrual status. CONCLUSIONS Our results strongly suggest that VDR may be linked to and associated with adult height variation in white populations.
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364
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Shen H, Sikorska M, Leblanc J, Walker PR, Liu QY. Oxidative stress regulated expression of Ubiquitin Carboxyl-terminal Hydrolase-L1: Role in cell survival. Apoptosis 2006; 11:1049-59. [PMID: 16544100 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-006-6303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin Carboxyl-terminal Hydrolase-L1 gene (UCHL1) is a key enzyme in the protein degradation pathway; however, its precise role in protecting cells under stress conditions is unclear. In the present study we investigated the activity of this gene in human NT2/D1 embryonal carcinoma cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and reoxygenation. OGD/reoxygenation cause global metabolic changes due to energy withdrawal and the subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species which initiates either a stress-adaptation-survival response or cell death, depending on the severity of the insult. A bi-phasic change in UCHL1 expression was observed by Q-PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry. Down regulation of UCHL1 was detected immediately after OGD treatment and its expression was subsequently restored and increased 6 h after OGD treatment as well as during reoxygenation. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis detected a lower level of UCHL1 only in apoptotic cells that had severe loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Accordingly, down-regulation of endogenous UCHL1 by antisense cDNA in mouse N2a neuroblastoma cells increased the cell's sensitivity to OGD treatment. This down-regulation of endogenous UCHL1 led to the accumulation of p27, suggesting that UCHL1 is an essential gene to maintain cell homeostasis under normal growth and oxidative stress conditions.
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365
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Shen H, Ye W, Hong L, Huang H, Wang Z, Deng X, Yang Q, Xu Z. Progress in parasitic plant biology: host selection and nutrient transfer. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2006; 8:175-85. [PMID: 16547862 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-923796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Host range varies widely among species of parasitic plants. Parasitic plants realize host selection through induction by chemical molecular signals, including germination stimulants and haustoria-inducing factors (HIFs). Research on parasitic plant biology has provided information on germination, haustorium induction, invasion, and haustorial structures and functions. To date, some molecular mechanisms have been suggested to explain how germination stimulants work, involving a chemical change caused by addition of a nucleophilic protein receptor, and direct or indirect stimulation of ethylene generation. Haustorium initiation is induced by HIFs that are generated by HIF-releasing enzymes from the parasite or triggered by redox cycling between electrochemical states of the inducers. Haustorium attachment is non-specific, however, the attachment to a host is facilitated by mucilaginous substances produced by haustorial hairs. Following the attachment, the intrusive cells of parasites penetrate host cells or push their way through the host epidermis and cortex between host cells, and some types of cell wall-degrading enzymes may assist in the penetration process. After the establishment of host-parasite associations, parasitic plants develop special morphological structures (haustoria) and physiological characteristics, such as high transpiration rates, high leaf conductance, and low water potentials in hemiparasites, for nutrient transfer and resource acquisition from their hosts. Therefore, they negatively affect the growth and development and even cause death of their hosts.
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366
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Shen H, Sprott H, Aeschlimann A, Gay RE, Michel BA, Gay S, Sprott H. Analgesic action of acetaminophen in symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:765-70. [PMID: 16449370 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kei253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was designed to investigate the analgesic effects and mechanisms of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. METHODS Twenty patients with symptomatic OA were randomly allocated to two groups treated with either acetaminophen or rofecoxib for 3 months. Visits and measurements were scheduled upon entry (T0), at month 1 (T1) and at month 3 (T3). The intensity of joint pain was evaluated with a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). The physical function of the affected knee was evaluated with a questionnaire comparable to the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Levels of serotonin, substance P (SP) and beta-endorphin (BEND) were determined with commercial enzyme-linked immunoassay kits. The expression of kappa opioid receptor (KOR) in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) was quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS Both acetaminophen and rofecoxib relieved pain considerably but with different kinetics, and affected different biomarkers. Rofecoxib appeared to be more efficient, reducing pain intensity by 56% at T1 (P<0.01), whereas acetaminophen reduced it by only 29%. Physical function improved in both groups by T3. Correlated with the pain relief, acetaminophen significantly reduced plasma BEND levels, whereas rofecoxib did not do so. In both groups plasma SP levels were elevated compared with T0. A reduction in serum serotonin was detected in the rofecoxib group at T1 (P=0.004) but had recovered at T3. No changes in KOR mRNA in PBMCs were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS There is a correlation between reduction in circulating BEND and OA pain relief in patients treated with acetaminophen.
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367
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Shen H. Geometrical deformation and failure behavior of C 60fullerene dimer under applied external electric field. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020600582804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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368
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Wang YB, Yu WD, Shen H. AC-038 The relationship between polymorphism in ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 1 gene and the development of polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance in Chinese individuals. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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369
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Yu WD, Liang R, Yang LJ, Guo JZ, Shen H. ABR-005 Expression analysis of MMAA in mouse preimplantation embryos and ovaries. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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370
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Fang F, Yu W, Shen H. EL-002 Localization of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase 1 in normal human ovary. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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371
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Tan EK, Yew K, Chua E, Shen H, Jamora RD, Lee E, Puong KY, Zhao Y, Pavanni R, Wong MC, Puvan K, Yih Y, Tan LCS. Analysis of PINK1 in Asian patients with familial parkinsonism. Clin Genet 2005; 68:468-70. [PMID: 16207217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2005.00500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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372
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Guo Y, Zhao LJ, Shen H, Guo Y, Deng HW. Genetic and environmental correlations between age at menarche and bone mineral density at different skeletal sites. Calcif Tissue Int 2005; 77:356-60. [PMID: 16362457 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-005-0181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Low bone mineral density (BMD) is an important risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Though previous studies have demonstrated that age at menarche (AAM) is phenotypically associated with BMD, the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to this association remain unknown. In this study, using variance decomposition analyses, we provided an accurate estimation of the genetic and environmental correlations between AAM and BMD in 2,667 Caucasian women from 512 pedigrees. After adjustment for significant covariates, we detected significant genetic correlations between AAM and BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and ultradistal radius (rho(G) = -0.1316, -0.1417, and -0.1137, respectively; all P < 0.01). However, all environmental correlations between AAM and BMD were nonsignificant (P > 0.05). We also generated a principal component factor for BMD (PC_BMD) and evaluated the relationship between this factor and AAM. The genetic and environmental correlations between PC_BMD and AAM (rho(P) = -0.0847, P < 0.001; rho(G) = -0.1737, P < 0.01; rho(E) = -0.0348, P > 0.05) were consistent with the results of BMD at the three skeletal sites and AAM. Our results confirmed the significant phenotypic association between BMD and AAM and for the first time suggested that this association is mainly attributable to shared genetic, rather than environmental, factors.
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Hernesniemi J, Karatas A, Niemelä M, Ishii K, Shen H, Kivisaari R, Rinne J, Lehecka M, Kivipelto L. Aneurysms of the Vertebral Artery (VA). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:223-9; author reply 230. [PMID: 16317606 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-836925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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375
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Skipper L, Shen H, Chua E, Bonnard C, Kolatkar P, Tan LCS, Jamora RD, Puvan K, Puong KY, Zhao Y, Pavanni R, Wong MC, Yuen Y, Farrer M, Liu JJ, Tan EK. Analysis of LRRK2 functional domains in nondominant Parkinson disease. Neurology 2005; 65:1319-21. [PMID: 16247070 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000180517.70572.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive sequence analysis of 29 exons that code for the functional domains of LRRK2 in 160 nondominant Parkinson disease (PD) patients was performed. Novel variant screening in a further 470 sporadic PD patients and 630 controls revealed two novel variants (R1067Q and IVS33 + 6 T>A), which are likely to be pathogenic in five patients. One patient presented initially with a typical essential tremor phenotype, expanding the phenotypic spectrum of LRRK2 mutations.
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