351
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Marshall FF, Chang T, Vindivich D. Microsurgical vasoepididymostomy to corpus epididymidis in treatment of inflammatory obstructive azoospermia. Urology 1987; 30:565-7. [PMID: 3686774 DOI: 10.1016/0090-4295(87)90437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A unilateral microsurgical vasoepididymostomy utilizing 35 mm of epididymis was performed in a patient with postinflammatory epididymal obstruction. Success was verified with multiple semen analyses, the hamster egg penetration test, and a pregnancy. These results demonstrate that surgical bypass of inflammatory tubal obstruction in the distal epididymis can result in the return of normal epididymal function and fertility.
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352
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Tsai IH, Liu HC, Chang T. Toxicity domain in presynaptically toxic phospholipase A2 of snake venom. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 916:94-9. [PMID: 3663688 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(87)90215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
About 42 complete amino-acid sequences of phospholipases A2 (phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) are known, including those of 13 presynaptically toxic enzymes, but the structural features responsible for the neurotoxicity and distinguishing the toxins from the non-neurotoxic enzymes are far from being clear. In this study, we examined the charged-residue distributions and hydrophobic characteristics based on the sequence data and the predicted tertiary structure and proposed a possible toxicity domain. We found that the presynaptically toxic enzymes have three or four more basic amino-acid residues than the non-neurotoxic enzymes at positions 59, 60, 65, 70-73 and 97 or 98. These residues appear to cluster near the surface region at the N-terminal side. The cationic nature of this basic cluster in the toxin is enhanced by the alpha-amino group of the N-terminus and the dipole moment of helices 96-110 and 1-10. Moreover, these toxic-site residues are usually associated with hydrophobic regions at 1-7, 64-81 and 97-109.
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353
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Chen MH, Pan DH, Lee LS, Chang T, Teng MM. [CT-guided stereotaxis in the management of brain abscesses]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 40:457-62. [PMID: 3332235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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354
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Chang T, Chang WC. Cloning and sequencing of a carp beta s-crystallin cDNA. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1987; 910:89-92. [PMID: 3307924 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(87)90098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The mRNAs were extracted from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) lenses, purified, reverse transcribed, dC tailed and cloned into Escherichia coli with pBR322 as vector. The cloning efficiency was around 1 X 10(7) colonies per micrograms of mRNA. A clone (pC20) was found by hybrid-arrested to contain the cDNA related to carp crystallins. However, comparison of the derived amino-acid sequence with bovine gamma-II and beta s-crystallins indicates that this carp crystallin sequence resembles closely the bovine beta s-crystallin and should be better classified as such except that this fish sequence does not contain the N-terminal 'arm' of four amino-acid residues present in bovine beta s-crystallin.
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355
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Chang T, Tsai IH, Chang WC. Electroelution of DNA and protein from polyacrylamide and agarose gels. BIOCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL 1987; 15:687-91. [PMID: 3435534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An electroelution method is described for the recovery of DNA and protein from agarose or polyacrylamide gels. The samples to be electroeluted are compartmentalized in a modified microcentrifuge tube fitted with dialysis membranes. This procedure is simple, rapid, inexpensive and efficient. Within 30 min to 2 hrs, the recovery of the sample is nearly quantitative. DNA fragments recovered can be directly subjected to DNA sequence analysis or enzymatic reactions after ethanol precipitation. Proteins can also be recovered after separation by acrylamide gel in the presence or absence of detergents and be ready for further analysis.
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356
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Lo YK, Chao D, Yan SH, Liu HC, Chu FL, Huang CI, Chang T, Liu HC. Spinal cord proliferative sparganosis in Taiwan: a case report. Neurosurgery 1987; 21:235-8. [PMID: 3309711 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-198708000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 43-year-old woman suffered from low back pain and bilateral footdrop. A cisternal myelogram unexpected revealed multiple filing defects in the spinal canal extending from the lower cervical region to the caudal equina. Diagnostic exploration revealed numerous cystic organisms adhering to the spinal cord and nerve roots. Histopathological examination showed these organisms to be proliferative sparganum cestode larvae. Although these cestode larval infections have been reported a dozen times in humans from various parts of the world, this is probably the first reported case of spinal cord infection.
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357
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Kang WM, Chou YH, Chang CY, Hsu CC, Wu JJ, Chang T. [Ultrasonography of muscle atrophy with fatty degeneration--a case report]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 40:265-70. [PMID: 3332231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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358
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Retterer JM, Chang T, Crew GB, Jasperse JR, Winningham JD. Monte Carlo modeling of ionospheric oxygen acceleration by cyclotron resonance with broad-band electromagnetic turbulence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 59:148-151. [PMID: 10035125 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.59.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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359
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Abstract
Metabolic disposition and pharmacokinetics of pirmenol were studied in laboratory animals and in patients with premature ventricular beats. After intravenous administration, pirmenol pharmacokinetics were adequately characterized by a 2-compartment body model with elimination half-lives of 3 to 4 hours in animals and 6 to 9 hours in patients. Oral absorption of pirmenol was complete and devoid of significant first-pass metabolism. Systemic oral bioavailability averaged 87% in humans. Pirmenol was 83% to 90% bound to human plasma proteins. Animal studies showed that pirmenol was widely distributed in tissues resulting in higher drug concentrations in tissue than in plasma. Pirmenol was partly eliminated as unchanged drug and partly metabolized. Tracer studies in animals showed that approximately 40% to 50% of the administered radioactive dose was excreted in the urine and the remainder in the feces. The latter route was due to excretion of radioactivity in the bile. Evidence of enterohepatic recycling was established in bile duct-cannulated monkeys. Approximately 23% to 31% of the administered pirmenol dose was recovered unchanged in human urine.
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360
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Levine M, Orr J, Chang T. Evaluation of a nomogram for estimating the rate of phenytoin accumulation. Ther Drug Monit 1987; 9:166-70. [PMID: 3617155 DOI: 10.1097/00007691-198706000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated a nomogram designed to identify a subgroup of the patients whose serum phenytoin concentrations are near steady state at a given time after initiation of therapy. A sample of 95 adult subjects with reported values of Vmax and Km was pooled from the literature, and computer simulations of phenytoin accumulation for 15 days after initiation of phenytoin acid at 300 mg/day were performed. Simulated serum concentrations on days 5, 10, and 15 were used to identify subjects who were predicted by the nomogram to be at greater than or equal to 83% of steady state, and these results were compared with those expected from the Michaelis-Menten model. In the simulations, 42, 62, and 66 subjects reached greater than or equal to 83% of steady state by days 5, 10, and 15, respectively. The nomogram correctly identified 13 (31.0%), 33 (53.2%), and 43 (65.2%) of these individuals, respectively. The frequency of erroneous predictions was low, even in subjects whose Km and volume of distribution were outside the limits set in the development of the nomogram. Use of a nomogram such as this would help a subgroup of patients to attain a desired serum phenytoin concentration earlier in therapy and with fewer serum phenytoin determinations than would otherwise be required. It would also prevent premature increases in phenytoin dose in patients whose serum concentration is still rising.
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361
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Abstract
Steady-state serum phenytoin concentration (Css) is known to increase nonlinearly with dose, but it is less well recognized that the rate of phenytoin accumulation is also dose dependent. This stimulation study estimated the extent and rate of phenytoin accumulation in a sample of 95 adult subjects, with known values of Vmax and Km, pooled from the literature. Simulations were done using a Michaelis-Menten model and phenytoin sodium doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/day. The distributions of Css and the time required to reach 90% of steady state (T90) became increasingly positively skewed as dose was increased. The T90 and Css were positively correlated (r greater than or equal to 0.8880, p less than 0.00001) and subjects reached 90% or more of Css more slowly as the initial phenytoin dose was increased. At an initial dose of 300 mg/day of phenytoin sodium, mean Css was 11.0 +/- 9.10 micrograms/ml (median, 7.62 micrograms/ml), and mean T90 was 12.2 +/- 15.4 days (median, 5.98 days). Only 25.3% of the subjects would be expected to achieve therapeutic serum concentrations (10-20 micrograms/ml) on this dose, and 88.4% would reach 0.9 Css within 30 days. Phenytoin dosage must be individualized to achieve concentrations of 10-20 micrograms/ml. Multiple serum phenytoin determinations during the first 30 days or more are required to determine that steady state has been reached, but these need not be done more often than once a week.
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362
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Chung YM, Hu CC, Chang T, Chen SK, Liu JH. [Uveitis combined with psoriatic arthropathy--a report of two cases]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:447-52. [PMID: 3502669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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363
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Chou YH, Pan HB, Tiu CM, Hsu CC, Su CH, Chiang JH, Wu CC, Yang CF, Chang T. Sonography of appendical abscess. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:309-16. [PMID: 3331965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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364
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Ho YZ, Yang CF, Chang JM, Chiang JH, Chang T, Lai KH, Lee SD, Tsai YT, Chen GH, Liu WY. [Chemo-embolization of primary hepatocellular carcinoma]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:263-70. [PMID: 2843266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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365
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Black A, Chang T. Metabolic disposition of Rolziracetam in laboratory animals. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1987; 12:135-43. [PMID: 3691579 DOI: 10.1007/bf03189888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic disposition of [14C]-labeled Rolziracetam (CI-911) was studied in rhesus monkeys, beagle dogs, and Wistar rats after both p.o. and i.v. doses. Intravenously administered CI-911 was rapidly eliminated from systemic circulation with an apparent elimination half-life of less than 25 min. Plasma radioactivity was 10-20 times higher than that of parent drug and persisted much longer. After oral doses, only traces of intact drug were detected in plasma, whereas total radioactivity reached peak concentrations within 0.5-1 h indicating rapid absorption. The extent of absorption determined from plasma radioactivity and urinary excretion data was 90% or better. Tissue distribution of radioactivity in rats showed the highest concentrations in the liver and kidneys (12-30 times greater than plasma levels) with decreasing levels in the lungs, gonads, heart, spleen, muscle, and brain. Urinary excretion accounted for nearly 90% of the administered dose while fecal recovery was less than 5%. The sole metabolite present in plasma, tissues, and urine was identified as 5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinepropanoic acid (PD 106,687).
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366
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Jayaraman U, Chang T, Frey TG, Blasie JK. Electron density profile of two-dimensionally crystalline membranous cytochrome c oxidase at low resolution. Biophys J 1987; 51:475-86. [PMID: 3032293 PMCID: PMC1329913 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(87)83369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Unilamellar vesicles of membranous cytochrome c oxidase have been isolated whose distribution of protein in the membrane plane was predominantly crystalline. The vesicles were collapsed via controlled partial dehydration, resulting, at first, in the formation of unoriented, mostly unstacked, membrane pairs. Further controlled partial dehydration resulted in the formation of oriented multilayers of stacks of membrane pairs, retaining the in-plane crystallinity. The above were monitored by electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Analysis of the x-ray diffraction from unoriented, unstacked membrane pairs by two independent methods provided the membrane electron density profile to 30 A resolution.
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367
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Chiou SH, Chang WC, Pan FM, Chang T, Lo TB. Physicochemical characterization of lens crystallins from the carp and biochemical comparison with other vertebrate and invertebrate crystallins. J Biochem 1987; 101:751-9. [PMID: 3110141 DOI: 10.1093/jb/101.3.751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lens crystallins were isolated from the homogenate of carp (Cyprinus carpio) eye lenses by gel permeation chromatography and characterized by gel electrophoresis, immunodiffusion, amino acid analysis, circular dichroism, and protein sequence analysis. Three well-defined fractions corresponding to alpha/beta-, beta-, and gamma-crystallins were obtained in relative weight percentages of 26, 22, and 52%. The native molecular masses of the purified fractions were determined to be 410, 60, and 20 kDa, respectively. The polypeptide compositions as determined by SDS gel electrophoresis revealed the substantial presence of beta-crystallin polypeptides in the alpha-crystallin fraction; this is also evident in the fractionation of amphibian crystallins but is not common in the case of higher classes of vertebrates. The circular dichroism spectra indicate a predominant beta-sheet structure in all three fractions, albeit with some contribution of alpha-helical structure in the gamma-crystallin, the amino acid composition of which bears a resemblance to that of squid crystallin. Sequence comparison of carp gamma-crystallin with frog and calf gamma-crystallins indicates a high degree of homology in their N-terminal segments despite the dissimilarity of amino acid compositions and weak immunological cross-reactivity.
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368
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Wu ZA, Tsai CP, Yang DA, Chu FL, Chang T. Electrophysiologic study and computerized tomography in diagnosis of lumbosacral radiculopathy. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:119-25. [PMID: 2843264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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369
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Cheng HC, Tui CM, Chou YH, Pan HB, Yang CF, Chang T. [Radiological appearance of hemangiopericytoma]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:83-91. [PMID: 3455320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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370
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Tiu CM, Chou YH, Pan HB, Chiang JH, Wang JH, Chang T. [Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of choledochal cyst]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL; FREE CHINA ED 1987; 39:112-8. [PMID: 3455314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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371
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Kao KP, Huang CI, Shan DE, Ho JT, Chang T, Chu FL. Non-obstructive idiopathic pachymeningitis cervicalis hypertrophica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986; 49:1441-4. [PMID: 3806122 PMCID: PMC1029133 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.49.12.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two young men had similar nonobstructive idiopathic pachymeningitis cervicalis hypertrophica, causing chronic (13 and 11 years respectively) C8-T1 radiculomyelopathy proved by surgical and pathological findings. The preoperative Queckenstedt tests and myelography showed no evidence of CSF obstruction. These unusual findings contrast with previous reports which all described complete or at least partial, block. The findings on metrizamide computed tomogram have not been described before. In the two patients it revealed diffuse cord atrophy from C7 to T2 and hemiatrophy with lateral beaking from C4 to C7. The patients benefited from multiple transverse durotomies. The main pathogenesis of the cord atrophy was the compromizing of feeding radicular arteries rather than direct compression.
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372
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Frey TG, Chang T. The structure of membrane bound cytochrome c oxidase. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1986; 483:120-30. [PMID: 3032041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb34504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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373
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Chou YH, Tiu CM, Pan HB, Chang T, Chiang JH, Yang CF. Intra- and retroperitoneal varices simulating lymphomatous nodes--differentiation by duplex ultrasound. TAIWAN YI XUE HUI ZA ZHI. JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1986; 85:1139-43. [PMID: 3546591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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374
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Black AE, Chang T. Determination of 1-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinepropanoic acid, a potential nootropic agent, in human plasma and urine by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1986; 382:361-6. [PMID: 3593476 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)83544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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375
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Chiou SH, Chang T, Chang WC, Kuo J, Lo TB. Characterization of lens crystallins and their mRNA from the carp lenses. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1986; 871:324-8. [PMID: 3707973 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(86)90216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Crystallins from carp eye lenses have been isolated and characterized by gel permeation chromatography, SDS-gel electrophoresis, immunodiffusion and amino acid analysis. gamma-Crystallin is the most abundant class of crystallins and constitutes over 55% of the total lens cytoplasmic proteins. It is immunologically distinct from the alpha- and beta-crystallins isolated from the same lens and its antiserum shows a very weak cross-reaction to total pig lens antigens. Comparison of the amino acid compositions of carp gamma-crystallin with those of bovine gamma-II, haddock gamma- and squid crystallins indicates that gamma-crystallin from the carp is very closely related to that of the haddock, and probably also related to the invertebrate squid crystallin. In vitro translation of total mRNAs isolated from carp lenses confirms the predominant existence of gamma-crystallin. The genomic characterization of carp crystallin genes should provide some insight into the mechanism of crystallin evolution in general.
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