451
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Friedlander MJ, Lin CS, Sherman SM. Structure of physiologically identified X and Y cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus. Science 1979; 204:1114-7. [PMID: 451559 DOI: 10.1126/science.451559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Horseradish peroxidase injected into 18 single, physiologically identified geniculate X and Y cells permitted a detailed morphological correlate to be determined for the physiological properties of each neuron. Class 1 morphological characteristics were associated with Y cells, class 3 with X cells, and class 2 structural traits were seen in both physiological types.
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452
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Lin CS, Merzenich MM, Sur M, Kaas JH. Connections of areas 3b and 1 of the parietal somatosensory strip with the ventroposterior nucleus in the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus). J Comp Neurol 1979; 185:355-71. [PMID: 107204 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901850209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Anatomical tracers were injected into electrophysiologically defined sites in somatosensory cortical Area 3b (SI proper) and Area I (posterior cutaneous field) of owl monkeys after these cortical subdivisions had been extensively explored in microelectrode mapping experiments. These mapping experiments revealed that both Areas 3b and 1 contain complete and separate representations of the body surface (Merzenich et al., '78). Restricted injections of the retrograde tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), into either Area 3b or Area 1 labeled neurons within a band of cells in the ventroposterior nucleus (VP). The location of the labeled band in VP varied with the location of the injection site in both representations, and the labeled region of VP was overlapping for injections in corresponding body parts in the two representations. Neurons projecting to the hand and foot cortical representations were in architectonically identified subnuclei. Because injections into either Area 3b or Area 1 labeled over half of the neurons in the appropriate regions of VP, it appears that some neurons in VP project to both cortical representations. Finally, injections of HRP combined with the anterograde tracer, 3H-proline, indicate that VP neurons are reciprocally interconnected with both Areas 3b and 1.
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453
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Kaas JH, Nelson RJ, Sur M, Lin CS, Merzenich MM. Multiple representations of the body within the primary somatosensory cortex of primates. Science 1979; 204:521-3. [PMID: 107591 DOI: 10.1126/science.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 437] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microelectrode mapping experiments indicate that the classical primary somatosensory cortex of monkeys consists of as many as four separate body representations rather than just one. Two complete body surface representations occupy cortical fields 3b and 1. In addition, area 2 contains an orderly representation of predominantly "deep" body tissues. Area 3a may constitute a fourth representation.
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454
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Lin CS, Sherman SM. Effects of early monocular eyelid suture upon development of relay cell classes in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus. J Comp Neurol 1978; 181:809-31. [PMID: 690286 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901810408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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455
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Merzenich MM, Kaas JH, Sur M, Lin CS. Double representation of the body surface within cytoarchitectonic areas 3b and 1 in "SI" in the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus). J Comp Neurol 1978; 181:41-73. [PMID: 98537 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901810104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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456
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Norden JJ, Lin CS, Kaas JH. Subcortical projections of the dorsomedial visual area (DM) of visual association cortex in the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus. Exp Brain Res 1978; 32:321-34. [PMID: 98340 DOI: 10.1007/bf00238705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The efferent subcortical connections of the dorsomedial cortical visual area (DM) in the owl monkey were determined by tracing degenerating axons following lesions or by tracing axonal pathways following injection of radioactively labeled proline. Areas of termination included structures which are known to receive input from many other regions of cortex such as the claustrum, putamen, caudate nucleus, reticular nucleus of the thalamus and pontine nuclei. Other terminations were in subcortical structures which primarily receive input from visual area: these included the pregeniculate nucleus, the medial and central divisions of the inferior pulvinar nucleus, two loci in the superior pulvinar complex, the pretectum and the superior colliculus. Terminations were also seen in the lateral posterior nucleus, a part of the thalamus associated with the somatosensory system. These results further identify Area DM as an integral part of the visual system, suggest functional subdivisions of the pulvinar complex, and implicate the lateral posterior nucleus in the mediation of visual, as well as somatosensory, behavior.
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457
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Lin CS, Becker WH. Broncholith as a cause of fatal hemoptysis. JAMA 1978; 239:2153. [PMID: 642158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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458
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Lin CS, Braza F. Focal arteritis of uterus: a case report. THE MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, NEW YORK 1978; 45:402-5. [PMID: 27720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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459
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Lin CS, Wang SS. Carbenoxolone induced hypokalemia and ventricular tachycardia--report of a case. TAIWAN YI XUE HUI ZA ZHI. JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1978; 77:418-22. [PMID: 276575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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460
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Lin CS, Lee HK. Abnormal liver scan in periarteritis nodosa. THE MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, NEW YORK 1978; 45:184-6. [PMID: 26868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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461
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Lin CS. Spontaneous cervical hemorrhage due to ruptured dissecting aneurysm of thyroid artery: a case report and review of literature. THE MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, NEW YORK 1978; 45:179-83. [PMID: 307119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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462
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Su CY, Lin SH, Wang YT, Li CH, Hung LH, Lin CS, Lin BC. Effects of beta-endorphin on narcotic abstinence syndrome in man. TAIWAN YI XUE HUI ZA ZHI. JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 1978; 77:133-41. [PMID: 351136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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463
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Fang SM, Lin CS, Lyon V. Progesterone retention by rat uterus I. Pharmacokinetics after uterine intraluminal instillation. J Pharm Sci 1977; 66:1744-8. [PMID: 925940 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600661223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tritium-labeled progesterone was administered to mature female rats in the proestrous stage by three different routes, gastric intubation, subcutaneous injection, and uterine intraluminal instillation, to study the kinetics involved in the uptake and retention of radioactivity by the uterus and various other tissues. Progesterone was retained at a much higher level and for a more prolonged period in the rat uterus after uterine intraluminal instillation. Progesterone bioavailability to the uterus was 45 times higher by uterine intraluminal instillation than by either gastric intubation or subcutaneous injection. Progesterone absorption by the rat endometrium was extremely fast. The observed biphasic decrease of radioactivity from the uterine tissue was explained adequately by a pharmacokinetic model in which progesterone is assumed to be present in two compartments within the uterine tissue. The pharmacokinetic parameters showed that the progesterone biological half-life in the uterine tissue during the alpha-phase was about 6.5 min while that in the beta-phase was about 230 min.
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464
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Lin CS, Hurwitz L, Jenne J, Avner BP. Mechanism of isoproterenol-induced desensitization of tracheal smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977; 203:12-22. [PMID: 20497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated rat tracheal smooth muscle became considerably less sensitive to the relaxing action of isoproterenol after being incubated with 5 x 10(-6) M isoproterenol for 30 minutes. Pretreatment of the tissue with propranolol, but not with methylprednisolone, clearly reduced the isoproterenol-induced desensitization. This suggested that propranolol by occupying the beta adrenergic receptor prevented isoproterenol from binding to this receptor, thereby preventing the isoproterenol-induced desensitization. Furthermore, an isoproterenol-desensitized tracheal preparation exhibited a diminished sensitivity to other beta agonists, but not to the spasmolytic actions of D600, hydralazine, sodium nitrite and aminophylline. These results suggested that the beta receptor is specifically involved in the desensitization induced by isoproterenol. A highly desensitized tissue could always be made to undergo complete relaxation by exposing it to sufficiently high concentrations of isoproterenol. Thus, there appeared to be no positive indication of a very large change in the apparent intrinsic activity of the isoproterenol in the desensitized tissue. However, the dissociation constant for the propranolol-beta receptor complex in the desensitized tissue was shown to be 180-fold larger than that in the normal tissue. These findings provide strong evidence that one demonstrable cellular change that occurs in the desensitized tissue is a pronounced reduction in the affinity of the beta receptors for isoproterenol.
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465
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Lin CS, Kratz KE, Sherman SM. Percentage of relay cells in the cat's lateral geniculate nucleus. Brain Res 1977; 131:167-73. [PMID: 884542 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(77)90038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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466
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Lin CS, Kaas JH. Projections from cortical visual areas 17, 18, and MT onto the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in owl monkeys. J Comp Neurol 1977; 173:457-74. [PMID: 404339 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901730305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Projections from cortical visual Areas 17, 18, and MT to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of owl monkeys were revealed by the use of the autoradiographic tracing method. Restricted injections of 3H-proline into Area 17 resulted in dense columns of labeled tissue extending through all layers of the nucleus and roughly perpendicular to the layers. There was some lateral spread of the label in the interlaminar zones. Projections from Areas 18 and MT were distributed over the ventral layers of the nucleus including the magnocellular layers, layer S, and the adjoining interlaminar zones. The input from Area 18 was relatively sparse. The projections from all three cortical visual areas appear to connect homotopic locations in the geniculate and cortical representations of the visual field.
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467
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Lin CS, Binns MR, Thompson BK. The use of regression methods to study genotype-environment interactions: extending Griffing's model for diallel cross experiments and testing an empirical grouping method. Heredity (Edinb) 1977; 38:309-19. [PMID: 268315 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1977.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A model combining features of Griffing's diallel cross analysis with regression analysis for genotype-environment interactions is introduced using carp data of Moav et al. (1975) as an example. An analysis of variance based on this model provides information on the combining abilities of genetic effects and the interactions of these effects with environments from which inferences can readily be made on heterosis and heterosis-environment interactions. Applying the empirical grouping method of Lin and Thompson (1975) to these data (ignoring their diallel cross structure) established groups which were remarkably consistent with their members' crossing backgrounds.
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468
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Kaas JH, Lin CS, Wagor E. Cortical projections of posterior parietal cortex in owl monkeys. J Comp Neurol 1977; 72:387-408. [PMID: 401839 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901710306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Efferent cortical projections of posterior parietal cortex were determined by degeneration and autoradiographic methods in owl monkeys. Intraregional connections were to the immediate surround of the injection or lesion site, and to distinct foci within the posterior parietal region. The extraregional ipsilateral connections were with (1) previously established subdivisions of visual association cortex (the Dorsomedial Area, the Medial Area, the Dorsolateral Area, and the Middle Temporal Area), (2) other locations in caudal neocortex, and (3) frontal cortex. The callosal projections were to separate foci in posterior parietal cortex of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. The separate foci of both ipsilateral and contralateral terminations in posterior parietal cortex raise the possibility that this region contains more than one functional subdivision. The connections with visual association cortex suggest a role for parietal cortex in visual behavior. Other foci in caudal neocortex indicate the possible locations of additional subdivisions of association cortex.
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469
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470
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Lin CS. Letter: Hyperextension injuries of the cervical spine. JAMA 1976; 235:2814-5. [PMID: 946984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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471
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Kaas JH, Lin CS, Casagrande VA. The relay of ipsilateral and contralateral retinal input from the lateral geniculate nucleus to striate cortex in the owl monkey: a transneuronal transport study. Brain Res 1976; 106:371-8. [PMID: 819094 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(76)91032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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472
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Lin CS, Schwartz IS. Invasive amebiasis in New York City. NEW YORK STATE JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 1976; 76:574-8. [PMID: 1063304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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473
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Lin CS, Irwin R, Chirikjian JG. Kinetic studies of leucyl transfer RNA synthetase from bakers' yeast. Order of addition of substrates and release of products. J Biol Chem 1975; 250:9299-303. [PMID: 172506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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474
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Lin CS, Irwin R, Chirikjian JG. Kinetic studies of leucyl transfer RNA synthetase from bakers' yeast. Order of addition of substrates and release of products. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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475
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Wagor E, Lin CS, Kaas JH. Some cortical projections of the dorsomedial visual area (DM) of association cortex in the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus. J Comp Neurol 1975; 163:227-50. [PMID: 809491 DOI: 10.1002/cne.901630208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Efferent projections from the dorsomedial visual area (DM) in the owl monkey to other portions of visually responsive cortex were determined by degeneration and autoradiograhic methods of demonstrating axon pathways. The most prominent ipsilateral pathway was to posterior parietal cortex (PP) just medial to the terminal portion of the Sylvian fissure. Other ipsilateral projections were to subdivisions of the temporal lobe, the middle temporal visual area (MT) and the surrounding dorsolateral crescent (DL), to regions just rostral to area 18 on the medial wall of the cerebral hemisphere, and to the upper bank of the Sylvian fissure. The callosal projections of DM were to DM, PP, and MT of the opposite cerebral hemisphere. The results support the notion that visual association cortex consists of a number of separate, but complexly interrelated, subdivisions. The efferents to posterior parietal cortex suggest the possibility of an area for the integration of somatosensory and visual information.
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