451
|
Bhattacharya S, Mi Z, Talbot L, Guo H, Kuo P. Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Epithelial Hepatic Carcinoma Cell Lines in Admixture: A Novel Method Demonstrating Concurrent Stimulation of CAF and EMT Markers. J Surg Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
452
|
Li L, Yang M, Li Z, Yan X, Guo H, Pan H, Liu H, Liao Y, Yang G. Efficacy and safety of mitiglinide versus nateglinide in newly diagnose patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized double blind trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2012; 14:187-9. [PMID: 21895920 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to examine the efficacy and safety of mitiglinide in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM). Enrolled patients had received treatment with diet and exercise in the previous 3 months with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 7-10%, and were randomized to receive mitiglinide (n = 111, 5-20 mg/meal) or nateglinide (n = 114,60-120 mg/meal) for 16 weeks. Primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were assessed by the changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial glucose (PBG) levels. The baseline HbA1c value was 8.2 and 8.3% in both groups. At the end of study, the reduction of HbA1c values from baseline by mitiglinide was slightly more than that by nateglinide (-1.11% vs. -0.76%), but not statically significant (p = 0.06). Final FBG and PBG were comparable for the two treatments. There were 2.8% subjects treated with nateglinide who had hypoglycaemic episodes, but none in the mitiglinide treatment group. The results indicate that mitiglinide and nateglinide had similar effects on FBG, PBG and HbA1c in T2DM patients after the 16-week treatments.
Collapse
|
453
|
Xia L, Liu X, Guo H, Zhang H, Zhu J, Ren F. Partial characterization and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the stem of Dendrobium officinale (Tiepishihu) in vitro. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
|
454
|
Xu JD, Liu S, Wang W, Li LS, Li XF, Li Y, Guo H, Ji T, Feng XY, Hou XL, Zhang Y, Zhu JX. Emodin induces chloride secretion in rat distal colon through activation of mast cells and enteric neurons. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 165:197-207. [PMID: 21718311 PMCID: PMC3252977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is an active component of many herb-based laxatives. However, its mechanism of action is unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mast cells and enteric neurons in emodin-induced ion secretion in the rat colon. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Short-circuit current (I(SC)) recording was used to measure epithelial ion transport. A scanning ion-selective electrode technique was used to directly measure Cl(-) flux (J(Cl)-) across the epithelium. RIA was used to measure emodin-induced histamine release. KEY RESULTS Basolateral addition of emodin induced a concentration-dependent increase in I(SC) in colonic mucosa/submucosa preparations, EC(50) 75 µM. The effect of emodin was blocked by apically applied glibenclamide, a Cl(-) channel blocker, and by basolateral application of bumetanide, an inhibitor of the Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) cotransporter. Emodin-evoked J(Cl)- in mucosa/submucosa preparations was measured by scanning ion-selective electrode technique, which correlated to the increase in I(SC) and was significantly suppressed by glibenclamide and bumetanide. Pretreatment with tetrodotoxin and the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine had no effect on emodin-induced ΔI(SC) in mucosa-only preparations, but significantly reduced emodin-induced ΔI(SC) and J(Cl)- in mucosa/submucosa preparations. The COX inhibitor indomethacin, the mast cell stabilizer ketotifen and H(1) receptor antagonist pyrilamine significantly reduced emodin-induced ΔI(SC) in mucosa and mucosa/submucosa preparations. The H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine inhibited emodin-induced ΔI(SC) and J(Cl)- only in the mucosa/submucosa preparations. Furthermore, emodin increased histamine release from the colonic mucosa/submucosa tissues. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results suggest that emodin-induced colonic Cl(-) secretion involves mast cell degranulation and activation of cholinergic and non-cholinergic submucosal neurons.
Collapse
|
455
|
Zeng F, Wu Q, Guo E, Guo H, Wang H, Shan J, Wei R. TRAF2 docking with related proteins in silico studies. Folia Biol (Praha) 2012; 58:16-23. [PMID: 22464820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Using the protein-protein docking program, this study investigates the relationship between TRAF2 and its related proteins and the diversity within the 3D structures of TRAF2s. TRAF2 exists in monomer, trimer, and hexamer forms and it can combine with a number of proteins. Through comparative analysis we found that TRAF2(122), TRAF2(22), TRAF2(21740), TRAF2(2), TRAF2( 22ABC), and TRAF2(Phyre) perform very close homoousia in docking with the same group of ligands, though these TRAF2s come from different sources. The TRAF2-related proteins of cluster 1 change docking values strongly from top to bottom. The TRAF2- related proteins of clusters 2 and 3 have acceptable variation of the docking values. In consideration of the amino acid percentage, TRAF2-related proteins of cluster 2 represent appropriate docking values.
Collapse
|
456
|
|
457
|
Zhang Y, Kang Y, Qin Y, Zhou Z, Lei M, Guo H. Research Note Genetic diversity of endangered Polyporus umbellatus from China assessed using a sequence-related amplified polymorphism technique. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:4121-9. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.december.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
458
|
Guo H, Yang J, Zhang C, Li H, Yin B, Gu B, Xie J, He Q. Analysis of clinical data of patients with different outcomes after short-time insemination. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:667-71. [PMID: 22136561 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The study is to analyse the clinical data of the two groups of patients with different fertilisation outcomes after short-time insemination and probe into short-time insemination indications. A retrospective study including 558 cycles of short-time insemination in our centre during January 2009 to June 2010 which were divided into two groups by the method of fertilisation, 472 cycles by IVF and 86 cycles by Re-ICSI group according to fertilisation conditions to and compare the differences between the two groups in the indexes of average female age, average male age, duration of infertility, forward-moving sperm counts, abnormal sperm rate, proportion of primary infertility, etc. The differences between the two groups have statistical significance in duration of infertility, forward-moving sperm counts, abnormal sperm rate and proportion of primary infertility (5.02 ± 3.12 versus 5.86 ± 3.35; 83.06 ± 78.55 versus 54.02 ± 61.78; 83.56 ± 5.24% versus 86.31 ± 5.26%; 56.87% versus 74.42%; P < 0.05). The discrepancy between the two groups has no statistical significance in average female age and average male age (P > 0.05). Duration of infertility, forward-moving sperm counts, abnormal sperm rate and previous pregnancy history have great significance to predict fertilisation failure, so decisions should be made on the basis of the above indexes when evaluating whether a patient should conduct short-time insemination.
Collapse
|
459
|
Zhu XL, Chen P, Guo H, Zhang N, Hou WJ, Li XY, Xu Y. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of hepatic adenoma. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:920-8. [PMID: 21819725 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nine hepatic adenomas (HA) diagnosed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) among 123 liver lesions (89 patients) were evaluated retrospectively; five were confirmed through pathological diagnosis. Time-intensity curves (TIC), contrast medium arriving time (AT), peak time (PT) and retrogression time (RT) for HA were compared with 30 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) and six focal nodular hyperplasias (FNH). Significant differences existed between HA and poorly-differentiated HCC in AT, PT and RT, and between HA and well-differentiated HCC in AT. Differential diagnosis between HA and FNH was determined only through their different perfusion and arterial morphological features: HA showed typical perfusion characteristic of 'fast-in, slow-out', with a centripetal or mixed-filling pattern in the arterial phase, while FNH showed a centrifugal filling pattern. In conclusion, CEUS was helpful for identifying HA but it may be relatively difficult to distinguish between HA and some well-differentiated HCC or FNH.
Collapse
|
460
|
Cui Y, Ma J, Shi Y, Huan Q, Guo H, Zhao Y, Chen ZJ. [Positive and negative feedback regulation in the production and secretion of insulin from INS-1 cells by testosterone. ]. Horm Metab Res 2011; 43:911-8. [PMID: 22161251 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
461
|
Lu S, Li W, Guo H, Lu M. Analysis of birefringent and dispersive properties of photonic crystal fibers. APPLIED OPTICS 2011; 50:5798-5802. [PMID: 22015407 DOI: 10.1364/ao.50.005798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two types of high birefringence photonic crystal fiber (PCF) which import four or six big circular air holes near the elliptical-hole are proposed. Their birefringent and dispersive properties are analyzed by full-vector finite-element method (FEM). Numerical analysis demonstrates that importing the big circular hole near the center of elliptical-hole PCFs can achieve a high birefringence. When the ratio (d/Λ) of diameter to hole spacing is larger than 0.8, the proposed two types of PCF have a larger birefringence than that of sole elliptical air hole ones. When the ratio d/Λ is equal to 0.95, the birefringences of these two types PCF can be as high as 4.27×10(-3) and 5.09×10(-3) at the wavelength of 1.55 μm, respectively. Besides, PCF with the four big circular air holes has a large negative dispersion at the long wavelength in x-polarized mode, which indicates a potential in single-polarized mode dispersion compensation.
Collapse
|
462
|
Chen Song S, Zhong S, Xiang Y, Li JH, Guo H, Wang WY, Xiong YL, Li XC, Chen Shi S, Chen XP, Chen G. Complement inhibition enables renal allograft accommodation and long-term engraftment in presensitized nonhuman primates. Am J Transplant 2011; 11:2057-66. [PMID: 21831160 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03646.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Protection against humoral injury mediated by donor-specific antibodies (DSA), also known as accommodation, may allow for long-term allograft survival in presensitized recipients. In the present study, we determined the role of complement in renal allograft accommodation in donor skin-presensitized nonhuman primates under conventional immunosuppression. Donor skin allografts were transplanted to presensitized recipients 14 days prior to renal transplantation. Renal allografts not receiving any immunosuppressive treatment developed accelerated rejection with predominantly humoral injury, which was not prevented using conventional cyclosporine (CsA) triple therapy. Inhibition of complement activation with the Yunnan-cobra venom factor (Y-CVF) successfully prevented accelerated antibody-mediated rejection and resulted in successful accommodation and long-term renal allograft survival in most presensitized recipients. Accommodation in this model was associated with the prevention of the early antibody responses induced against donor antigens by complement inhibition. Some antiapoptotic proteins and complement regulatory proteins, including Bcl-2, CD59, CD46 and clusterin, were upregulated in the surviving renal allografts. These results suggest that the complement inhibition-based strategy may be valuable alternative in future clinical cross-match positive or ABO-incompatible transplantation.
Collapse
|
463
|
Ling ZH, Guo H, Cheng HR, Yu YF. Sources of ambient volatile organic compounds and their contributions to photochemical ozone formation at a site in the Pearl River Delta, southern China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2011; 159:2310-9. [PMID: 21616570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model and the Observation Based Model (OBM) were combined to analyze volatile organic compound (VOC) data collected at a suburban site (WQS) in the PRD region. The purposes are to estimate the VOC source apportionment and investigate the contributions of these sources and species of these sources to the O(3) formation in PRD. Ten VOC sources were identified. We further applied the PMF-extracted concentrations of these 10 sources into the OBM and found "solvent usage 1", "diesel vehicular emissions" and "biomass/biofuel burning" contributed most to the O(3) formation at WQS. Among these three sources, higher Relative Incremental Reactivity (RIR)-weighted values of ethene, toluene and m/p-xylene indicated that they were mainly responsible for local O(3) formation in the region. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the sources of "diesel vehicular emissions", "biomass/biofuel burning" and "solvent usage 1" had low uncertainties whereas "gasoline evaporation" showed the highest uncertainty.
Collapse
|
464
|
Chi J, Uzui H, Guo H, Ueda T, Lee JD. The role of eplerenone on activity of matrix metalloprotainase-2 stimulated by high glucose and interleukin 1 in human cardiac fibroblasts. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
465
|
Chi J, Guo H, Peng F, Yang B, Hiroyasu U. Profibrotic influence of high glucose on human cardiac fibroblast functions. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
466
|
Schwalm J, Lai T, Alharbi A, Karl D, Guo H, Kingsbury K, Tu J, Natarajan M. 145 Syntax scores and real world revascularization patterns. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
467
|
Guo H, Zhang L. PL-005 Bioprospecting for potent anti-tuberculosis compounds from microbial natural product library. Int J Infect Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(11)60092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
468
|
Li LS, Zheng LF, Xu JD, Ji T, Guo H, Li XF, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhu JX. Entacapone promotes cAMP-dependent colonic Cl(-) secretion in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23:657-e277. [PMID: 21501335 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01715.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entacapone is a promising drug used widely for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) as a catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor. However, entacapone has gastrointestinal side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of entacapone on the epithelial ion transport in rat distal colon, and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The study was performed on freshly isolated colonic mucosa-only, submucosa-only and mucosa-submucosa preparations in rat. The short circuit current (I(SC) ) was measured to determine electrogenic ion transport, and a scanning ion-selective electrode technique (SIET) was used to directly measure Cl(-) flux across the epithelium. The content of intracellular cAMP was measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA). KEY RESULTS Entacapone increased mucosal I(SC) in the rat distal colon. I(SC) was inhibited significantly by apical addition of diphenylamine-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid (DPC), a blocker of the Cl(-) channel, basolateral application of bumetanide, an inhibitor of Na(+) -K(+) -2Cl(-) co-transporter (NKCC), removal of Cl(-) from the bathing solution, and pretreatment with MDL 12330A, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase. Inhibiting endogenous prostaglandin (PG) synthesis with indomethacin, and eliminating submucosal enteric neural activity with tetrodotoxin (TTX)-inhibited entacapone-evoked I(SC) increases. Similar results were also obtained when Cl(-) flux was measured with SIET. Entacapone significantly increased intracellular cAMP content, which was greatly inhibited by either indomethacin or TTX in the tissues containing submucosal plexus, and by only indomethacin in the mucosa-only preparations. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Entacapone stimulates cAMP-dependent Cl(-) secretion in the rat colon, and this process is regulated by endogenous PG and the submucosal enteric nervous system.
Collapse
|
469
|
Shi Y, Zhou L, Huang LH, Lian YT, Zhang XM, Guo H, Wu TC, Cheng LX, He MA. Plasma ferritin levels, genetic variations in HFE gene, and coronary heart disease in Chinese: a case-control study. Atherosclerosis 2011; 218:386-90. [PMID: 21696736 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between body iron stores and coronary heart disease (CHD) was inconsistent. We sought to explore this association in Chinese Han population and further examine the association of the variations in hemochromatosis (HFE) gene and CHD risk. METHODS We conducted a case-control study including 1334 CHD patients and 1334 age- and sex-frequency matched controls. The plasma ferritin levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Genotypes of the tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) were determined by TaqMan SNP allelic discrimination. RESULTS The plasma ferritin levels in CHD cases (197.9μg/L [2.7-932.9μg/L]) were higher than those in controls (179.9μg/L [21.1-878.2μg/L]; P=0.028). The odds ratios (ORs) across the tertiles of plasma ferritin levels were 1.0 (reference), 0.93 (0.76-1.13), and 1.23 (1.02-1.48; P for trend=0.028). Adjustment for the traditional risk factors attenuated the associations to null (P for trend=0.22). Compared with the TT genotype of tagSNP rs9366637, subjects with C allele had higher risk of CHD (OR=1.35 for TC and 1.76 for CC; P=0.001 and <0.001 respectively). After adjustment for the conventional risk factors the results remained unchanged. We did not find significantly different plasma ferritin levels among different genotypes of rs9366637 (P=0.52). CONCLUSIONS The plasma ferritin levels were not significantly associated with CHD risk. However, the SNP rs9366637 in HFE gene was associated with higher CHD risk in Chinese Han population. The underlie mechanism remained to be elucidated in further studies.
Collapse
|
470
|
Chai Y, Wang J, Liu M, Yi H, Sun L, You X, Guo H. Design, synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3377-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
471
|
Sun LJ, Hu J, Tan T, Guo H, Gao JW. Identification of a novel allele HLA-DRB1*08:41 in a Chinese donor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 78:294-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2011.01698.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
472
|
Guo H, Zhao Y, Lu J, Li Z. The clinical significance of tubulin-β, c-erbB-2/HER2, ERCC-1, and TS in the treatment of NSCLC. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e18042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
473
|
Li Z, Lu J, Zhao Y, Guo H. The retrospective analysis of the frequency of EGFR mutations and the efficacy of gefitinib in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
474
|
Guo H, Cheng HR, Ling ZH, Louie PKK, Ayoko GA. Which emission sources are responsible for the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of Pearl River Delta? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 188:116-124. [PMID: 21316844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A field measurement study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was simultaneously carried out in October-December 2007 at an inland Pearl River Delta (PRD) site and a Hong Kong urban site. A receptor model i.e. positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the data for the apportionment of pollution sources in the region. Five and six sources were identified in Hong Kong and the inland PRD region, respectively. The major sources identified in the region were vehicular emissions, solvent use and biomass burning, whereas extra sources found in inland PRD included liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline evaporation. In Hong Kong, the vehicular emissions made the most significant contribution to ambient VOCs (48 ± 4%), followed by solvent use (43 ± 2%) and biomass burning (9 ± 2%). In inland PRD, the largest contributor to ambient VOCs was solvent use (46 ± 1%), and vehicular emissions contributed 26 ± 1% to ambient VOCs. The percentage contribution of vehicular emission in Hong Kong in 2007 is close to that obtained in 2001-2003, whereas in inland PRD the contribution of solvent use to ambient VOCs in 2007 was at the upper range of the results obtained in previous studies and twice the 2006 PRD emission inventory. The findings advance our knowledge of ozone precursors in the PRD region.
Collapse
|
475
|
Wang F, Zhang X, Luo J, Guo H, Zeng SS, Ren F. Effect of Proteolysis and Calcium Equilibrium on Functional Properties of Natural Cheddar Cheese during Ripening and the Resultant Processed Cheese. J Food Sci 2011; 76:E248-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|