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Ren C, Yao RQ, Zhang H, Feng YW, Yao YM. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy: a vicious cycle of immunosuppression. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:14. [PMID: 31924221 PMCID: PMC6953314 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-1701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is commonly complicated by septic conditions, and is responsible for increased mortality and poor outcomes in septic patients. Uncontrolled neuroinflammation and ischemic injury are major contributors to brain dysfunction, which arises from intractable immune malfunction and the collapse of neuroendocrine immune networks, such as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and sympathetic nervous system. Dysfunction in these neuromodulatory mechanisms compromised by SAE jeopardizes systemic immune responses, including those of neutrophils, macrophages/monocytes, dendritic cells, and T lymphocytes, which ultimately results in a vicious cycle between brain injury and a progressively aberrant immune response. Deep insight into the crosstalk between SAE and peripheral immunity is of great importance in extending the knowledge of the pathogenesis and development of sepsis-induced immunosuppression, as well as in exploring its effective remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Wen Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
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52
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Wang YB, Lv G, Xu FH, Ma LL, Yao YM. Comprehensive Survey of Clinical Trials Registration for Melanoma Immunotherapy in the ClinicalTrials.gov. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1539. [PMID: 31998135 PMCID: PMC6966167 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Comprehensively evaluate the immunotherapeutic clinical trials and provide reference for melanoma treatment and research. Methods: The website of ClinicalTrials.gov was searched to retrieve and download all registered clinical trials for melanoma immunotherapy on August 1 (updated on August 25), 2019. All registration trials met the inclusion criteria were collected regardless of the type of study, the status of recruitment, and the results of the study. The general characteristics, methodological characteristics, and the types of immunotherapeutic drugs included of these trials were analyzed. Results: Finally, 242 eligible trials were included and evaluated. Of them, 30.6% were completed, 16.9% were terminated, and two were withdrawn; 77.7% recruited less than 100 participants; 30.5% were randomized; 45.5% was single group assignment; 88.8% were not masked; the primary purpose was treatment; 44.2% had data on monitoring committees; 27.7% used US FDA-regulated immunization drugs; 78.5% without results posted; 43.0% were sponsored by the industry. Immunological checkpoint inhibitors were most often studied, with 53.6% of the trials involving PD-1, the most commonly studied was Nivolumab. Conclusions: Currently, most of the registered clinical trials for melanoma immunotherapy were interventional open-label trials. Most immunotherapy research hotspots were in the FDA-regulated drug product, and a few trials reported available test results. It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of results and explore and disseminate more effective and safe immunotherapy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bo Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Lv
- Department of General Surgery, The 8th Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Hua Xu
- Ward I of Internal Medicine, Beijing General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Lu Ma
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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53
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Yao RQ, Ren C, Wang JN, Wu GS, Zhu XM, Xia ZF, Yao YM. Publication Trends of Research on Sepsis and Host Immune Response during 1999-2019: A 20-year Bibliometric Analysis. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:27-37. [PMID: 31892843 PMCID: PMC6930382 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.37496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sepsis is an intractable disorder, which is associated with high risk of organ dysfunction and even death, while its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Our study aims to study the research trend on sepsis and host immune response, and compare the contribution of publications from different countries, institutions, journals and authors. Materials and Methods: We extracted all relevant publications with regard to sepsis and immune response during 1999-2019 from Web of Science. GraphPad Prism 6, and VOSviewer software were used to collect and analyze the publication trend in related field. Results: We identified a total of 1225 publications with citation frequency of 40511 times up to March 30, 2019. The United States accounted for the largest number of publications (36.3%), 51.9% of total citations as well as the highest H-index (72). The sum of publications from China ranked the second, while the overall citations (1935) and H-index (22) ranked the eighth and the seventh, respectively. Journal of Shock had published most papers related to the topic on sepsis and immune response. Ayala A SA, has published the most papers in this field (31), while Hotchkiss RS presented with the most citation frequency (3532). The keyword “regulatory T cell” appeared most recently with an average appearing years of 2014.0. The “immunosuppression related research” seemed to be the hotspot in relevant scope. Conclusions: The United States made the most outstanding contribution within this important field. There is a mismatch between the quantity and quality of publications from China. Latest progress can be tracked in journal of Shock. Immunosuppression related researches may be hotspots in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Qi Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Nan Wang
- Basic Medical College, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Sheng Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Fan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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54
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Ge Y, Huang M, Wu Y, Dong N, Yao YM. Interleukin-38 protects against sepsis by augmenting immunosuppressive activity of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:2027-2039. [PMID: 31880383 PMCID: PMC6991686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are required to limit immune-induced pathology and to maintain homeostasis during the early-phase of sepsis. This study aimed to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-38, a newly described member of the IL-1 cytokine family, in mediated immune response of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs in sepsis. Here, we provide evidence that expressions of IL-38 and its receptor were detected in murine CD4+ CD25+ Tregs. Stimulation of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs with LPS markedly up-regulated the expression of IL-38. Treatment with rmIL-38 dramatically enhanced the immunosuppressive activity of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs after LPS stimulation and in septic mice induced by CLP, resulting in amplification of helper T cell (Th) 2 response and reduction in the proliferation of effector T cells. These effects were robustly abrogated when anti-IL-38 antibody was administered. Administration of rmIL-38 improved the survival rate of CLP mice. In addition, CD4+ CD25+ Tregs depletion before the onset of sepsis obviously abolished IL-38-mediated protective response. These findings suggest that IL-38 enhances the immunosuppressive activity of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs, which might contribute to the improvement of host immune function and prognosis in the setting of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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55
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Wang LX, Zhu XM, Yao YM. Sestrin2: Its Potential Role and Regulatory Mechanism in Host Immune Response in Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2797. [PMID: 31867002 PMCID: PMC6904332 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sestrin2 (SESN2), a highly evolutionarily conserved protein, is critically involved in cellular responses to various stresses. SESN2 has a protective effect on physiological and pathological states mainly via regulating oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, metabolism, and inflammation. In recent years, breakthrough investigations with regard to the regulation and signaling mechanisms of SESN2 have markedly deepened our understanding of its potential role as well as its significance in host response. However, the functions of SESN2 in the immune system and inflammation remain elusive. It has been documented that many immune cells positively express SESN2 and, in turn, that SESN2 might modulate cellular activities. This review incorporates recent progress and aims to provide novel insight into the protective role and regulatory pathway of SESN2, which acts as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in the context of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xue Wang
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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56
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Yao RQ, Wu GS, Xu L, Ma B, Lin J, Shi L, Tang HS, Yao YM, Xia ZF. Diagnostic blood loss from phlebotomy and hospital acquired anemia in patients with severe burns. Burns 2019; 46:579-588. [PMID: 31784239 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was performed to estimate the diagnostic blood loss (DBL) volume during hospitalization and investigate its relationship with the development of moderate to severe hospital acquired anemia (HAA) and increased number of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion following extensive burns. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of adult burned patients with total body surface area (TBSA) burn larger than 40%, who were admitted to burn center of Changhai hospital between January 2005 and December 2017. RESULTS We included a final number of 157 patients in the present study. Moderate to severe HAA within the fourth week postburn was developed in 46 of 121 patients who stayed over 28-day hospitalization. Patients with moderate to severe HAA had both significantly higher total DBL volume [245 (IQR: 183.75, 325.25) mL vs 168 (119, 163) mL ; P = 0.001] and DBL volume per day [10.22 (IQR: 8.57, 12.38) mL vs 6.63 (5.22, 10.42) mL/day; P = 0.005]. Logistic regression analysis revealed that both DBL volume per day and TBSA burn were independent risk factors for the development of moderate to severe HAA. CONCLUSIONS Severely burned patients appear to be prone to develop HAA during hospitalization. The DBL volume contribute to the occurrence of moderate to severe HAA, which might be a modifiable target for preventing HAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Qi Yao
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China; Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Sheng Wu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Shan Tang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Fan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
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57
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Zhang QH, Hao JW, Li GL, Ji XJ, Zhou M, Yao YM. Long-lasting neurobehavioral alterations in burn-injured mice resembling post-traumatic stress disorder in humans. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113084. [PMID: 31697945 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish an animal model for posttraumatic stress disorder in burn-injured patients. METHODS Thermal-injured mice with 15% total body surface area were subjected to a series of neurobehavioral tests at 1 and 3 months postburn. Brains were collected for analysis of key molecules expression, spleens for T cell function analysis, and blood for biochemistry and hormones detection. RESULTS Comparison with sham mice, burn mice showed extremely high locomotion in homecage, open field, and forced swimming tests, indicating a hyper-arousal state. Burn mice exhibited improved spatial memory in Morris Water Maze test and heightened context fear memory in context fear conditioning, suggesting re-experiencing behavior. Although burn mice showed pronounced passive avoidance in the step-through test, their active avoidance capability in response to the conditional stimulus in the shuttle box test was relatively deteriorated. Likewise, the retention of cue-feared memory was impaired in fear conditioning test. The above negative alterations in mood were recapitulated in open-field test, in which the burn mice displayed an anxiety-like behavior with less time spent in the center. However, no sign of depression was found in the forced swimming and sucrose preference tests. The negative mood of burn mice was reinforced by a deficit in sociality and preference for social novelty in social interaction test. These neurobehavioral alterations were associated with an increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor along with a remarkable microgliosis and a moderate astrocytosis in the brain of burn vs. sham mice. Moreover, a prominent Th2 switch and consequent increased nuclear NF-κB translocation were seen in the splenic T cells from burn relative to sham mice. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that even mild burn injury could lead to long-lasting cognitive and effective alterations in mice. These findings shed light on the interactions among neuropsychology, neurobiology, and immunology throughout the recovery period of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hong Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China.
| | - Ji-Wei Hao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Guang-Lei Li
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jing Ji
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China; Department of Emergency, First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, PR China
| | - Min Zhou
- Neurocritical Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, PR China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, PR China
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58
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Chen Y, Song XT, Yao YM, Huang L, An Z, Yuan J, Xiong B, Liu YH, Zhang YQ. [Mortality and influencing factors on injecting drug users with HIV/AIDS in Guizhou province, 1996-2015]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:765-769. [PMID: 31357795 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the mortality and influencing factors on injecting drug users (IDUs) with HIV/AIDS, in Guizhou province, 1996-2015. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on IDUs with HIV/AIDS that were reported through national comprehensive HIV/AIDS information system, in Guizhou province during 1996-2015. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors on the mortality of HIV/AIDS. Results: A total of 3 958 cases of IDUs with HIV/AIDS were recruited in this study, with all-cause mortality rate of 44.01% (1 742/3 958) and total mortality rate of 7.80/100 person-years, respectively. The median survival time between diagnosis and death was 8.08 years. Mortality rate was 3.57/100 person-years in the group receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The mortality appeared to be 4.08/100 person-years in the group who were on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Data from the multiple regression analysis indicated that factors of gender, ethnicity, age when HIV/AIDS diagnosis was made, CD(4)(+)T lymphocyte (CD(4)) count at the first testing, ART and MMT were significantly associated with deaths among these people. The risk of death in females was 0.82 times (95%CI: 0.69-0.98) higher than that in males. The risk of deaths among the ethnic minority subjects was 1.39 times (95%CI: 1.21-1.60) higher than that of the Hans. The risk of death appeared to be 2.44 times higher (95%CI: 1.07-5.56) in the over-50-year of age group than in the <20 year-old group, when HIV/AIDS was diagnosed for the first time. The risk of death in CD(4) ≥500/μl group in the first time was 0.27 times (95%CI: 0.22-0.32) more than CD(4) <200/μl group in the firs time. The risk of death in cases who were treated with ART or MMT was 2.83 times (95%CI: 2.45-3.26) and 1.35 times (95%CI: 1.15-1.59) higher than those who did not receive any treatment, respectively. Conclusion: Higher risks on death seemed to be related to the following factors: being male, older age at the time of diagnosis, lower CD(4) at diagnosis, not on ART or MMT among the IDUs with HIV/AIDS in Guizhou province, between 1996-2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550001, China
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Abstract
In modern warfare, therapy for combat injury is a critical issue to improve personnel survival and battle effectiveness. Be limited to the severe circumstance in the distant battlefield, quick and effective treatment cannot be supplied that leads infections, sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and high mortality. To get a better therapy for combat injury, we summarized several reports that associated with the mechanisms of sepsis and MODS, those published on MMR recently. Chaudry and colleagues reported gender difference in the outcomes of trauma, shock and sepsis. The advantageous outcome in female is due to their hormone milieu. Their accumulating reports indicated estrogen as a beneficial factor for multiple system and organs, including the central nervous system, the cardiopulmonary system, the liver, the kidneys, the immune system, and leads to better survival from sepsis. Thompson et al. reviewed the underlying mechanisms in trauma induced sepsis, which can be concluded as an imbalance of immune response triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and other immune modifying agents. They also emphasize immunomodulation as a better therapeutic strategy that might be a potential benefit in regulating the host immune response. Fan et al. have revealed a crucial mechanism underlying lung epithelial and macrophage crosstalk, which involves IL-25 as a mediator. After the injury, lung epithelial secreted IL-25 promotes TNF-α production in macrophage leading to acute lung injury (ALI). In addition to a mountain of cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction in immune cell is another critical risk factor for immune dysfunction during sepsis. Both morphology and function alterations in mitochondria are closely associated with inadequate ATP production, insufficient metabolism process and overloaded ROS production, which lead harm to immune cells and other tissues by triggering oxidative stress. All the above reports discussed mechanisms of sepsis induction after trauma and provided evidence to improve better therapy strategies targeting diverse risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
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60
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Ge Y, Huang M, Yao YM. Immunomodulation of Interleukin-34 and its Potential Significance as a Disease Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1835-1845. [PMID: 31523186 PMCID: PMC6743287 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.35070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-34 is a cytokine discovered a few years ago and identified as the second colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 receptor (CSF-1R) ligand. Although CSF-1 and IL-34 share the same receptor through which they trigger similar effects, IL-34 also binds to receptors protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-ζ and syndecan-1. Thus, IL-34 is involved in several signaling pathways and participates in a wide array of biological actions. This review analyzes current studies on the role of IL-34 under physiological and pathological conditions, and explores its potential significance as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target. In physiological conditions, IL-34 expression is restricted to the microglia and Langerhans cells, with a fundamental role in cellular differentiation, adhesion and migration, proliferation, metabolism, and survival. It is released in response to inflammatory stimuli, such as pathogen-associated molecular patterns or pro-inflammatory cytokines, with effects over various immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and regulatory T cells that shape the immune microenvironment. Over the past decade, accumulating evidence has suggested a potent immune regulation of IL-34 in pathological states such as autoimmune diseases, cancer, transplant rejection, neurologic diseases, infections, and inflammatory diseases. Importantly, IL-34 may hold great promise for acting as a biomarker for monitoring disease severity and progression, and may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of several diseases in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.,Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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61
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Xu XP, Yao YM, Zhao GJ, Wu ZS, Li JC, Jiang YL, Lu ZQ, Hong GL. Role of the Ca 2+-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T cell Pathway in Mitofusin-2-Mediated Immune Function of Jurkat Cells. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:330-338. [PMID: 29363649 PMCID: PMC5798055 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.223855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a well-known mitochondrial fusion protein, has been shown to participate in innate immunity, but its role in mediating adaptive immunity remains poorly characterized. In this study, we explored the potential role of MFN2 in mediating the immune function of T lymphocytes. Methods: We manipulated MFN2 gene expression in Jurkat cells via lentiviral transduction of MFN2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or full-length MFN2. After transduction, the immune response and its underlying mechanism were determined in Jurkat cells. One-way analysis of variance and Student's t-test were performed to determine the statistical significance between the groups. Results: Overexpression of MFN2 enhanced the immune response of T lymphocytes by upregulating Ca2+ (359.280 ± 10.130 vs. 266.940 ± 10.170, P = 0.000), calcineurin (0.513 ± 0.014 vs. 0.403 ± 0.020 nmol/L, P = 0.024), and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATs) activation (1.040 ± 0.086 vs. 0.700 ± 0.115, P = 0.005), whereas depletion of MFN2 impaired the immune function of T lymphocytes by downregulating Ca2+ (141.140 ± 14.670 vs. 267.060 ± 9.230, P = 0.000), calcineurin (0.054 ± 0.030 nmol/L vs. 0.404 ± 0.063 nmol/L, P = 0.000), and NFAT activation (0.500 ± 0.025 vs. 0.720 ± 0.061, P = 0.012). Furthermore, upregulated calcineurin partially reversed the negative effects of MFN2 siRNA on T cell-mediated immunity evidenced by elevations in T cell proliferation (1.120 ± 0.048 vs. 0.580 ± 0.078, P = 0.040), interleukin-2 (IL-2) production (473.300 ± 24.100 vs. 175.330 ± 12.900 pg/ml, P = 0.000), and the interferon-γ/IL-4 ratio (3.080 ± 0.156 vs. 0.953 ± 0.093, P = 0.000). Meanwhile, calcineurin activity inhibitor depleted the positive effects of overexpressed MFN2 on T cells function. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MFN2 may regulate T cell immune functions primarily through the Ca2+-calcineurin-NFAT pathway. MFN2 may represent a potential therapeutic target for T cell immune dysfunction-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ping Xu
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Guang-Ju Zhao
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zong-Sheng Wu
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jun-Cong Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yun-Long Jiang
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Guang-Liang Hong
- Emergency Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
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Ren C, Li XH, Wu Y, Dong N, Yao YM. [Influence of vagus nerve on multiple organ function and immune reaction of T lymphocytes in septic rats]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2019; 34:815-820. [PMID: 30481924 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2018.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore influence of vagus nerve on multiple organ function and immune reaction of T lymphocytes in septic rats. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham injury group, sepsis group, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) group, and vagotomy (VGX) group, according to the random number table, with 10 rats in each group. Rats in sepsis group, VNS group, and VGX group were inflicted with sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Rats in VNS group were given electrical stimulation on left cervical vagus nerve for 15 min right after CLP. Rats in VGX group underwent vagotomy of left cervical vagus nerve at 30 min before CLP. At 24 h after CLP, serum of rats was collected to detect levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glycocholic acid (CG), creatine kinase (CK), myocardial creatine kinase (CK-MB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine by fully automatic biochemistry analyzer. The left lung of rats was collected to determine wet or dry mass, and wet to dry (W/D) ratio was calculated. The right lung of rats was collected to measure the activity of pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spleen of rats was collected to determine the proliferative activity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes by cell counting kit 8, and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA were used to quantify mRNA expressions and levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon-γ, and IL-4, respectively. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant difference test. Results: (1) The levels of serum ALT, AST, CG, CK, CK-MB, BUN, and creatinine, pulmonary W/D ratio, as well as MPO activity of rats in sepsis group were significantly higher than those in sham injury group and VNS group (P<0.01) and were significantly lower than those in VGX group (P<0.01). (2) The proliferative activity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in sepsis group was 0.93±0.03, which was significantly lower than 1.54±0.07 of rats in sham injury group (P<0.01). The proliferative activity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VNS group was 1.15±0.15, which was significantly higher than that of rats in sepsis group (P<0.01). The proliferative activity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VGX group was 0.75±0.06, which was obviously lower than that of rats in sepsis group (P<0.01). (3) In comparison with those of rats in sham injury group, the levels of IL-2 and interferon-γ in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in sepsis group were markedly decreased (P<0.01), while the level of IL-4 was significantly increased (P<0.01). In comparison with those of rats in sepsis group, the levels of IL-2 and interferon-γ in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VNS group were obviously increased (P<0.01), while the level of IL-4 was markedly decreased (P<0.01). As compared with those of rats in sepsis group, the levels of IL-2 and interferon-γ in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VGX group were markedly decreased (P<0.01), while the level of IL-4 was significantly increased (P<0.01). (4) As compared with those of rats in sham injury group, expressions of IL-2 and interferon-γ mRNA in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in sepsis group were markedly decreased (P<0.01), while expression of IL-4 mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01). Expressions of IL-2 and interferon-γ mRNA in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VNS group were obviously increased when compared with those of rats in sepsis group (P<0.01), while expression of IL-4 mRNA was markedly decreased (P<0.01). In comparison with those of rats in sepsis group, expressions of IL-2 and interferon-γ mRNA in CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in VGX group were markedly decreased (P<0.01), while expression of IL-4 mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01). Conclusions: Electrical stimulation of vagus nerve can significantly improve multiple organ dysfunction and reverse immunosuppression of T lymphocytes in septic rats, while vagotomy of vagus nerve may enhance the susceptibility of rats to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ren
- Trauma Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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63
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Abstract
Sepsis induced by major burns, trauma, and hemorrhage, remains a major cause of death of patients in intensive care units, and it may result in both the widespread activation and dysfunction of the innate as well as adaptive responses in host immune system. A large amount of information concerning subsets of innate and adaptive immune cells in sepsis has implicated that these cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, regulatory T lymphocytes, and natural killer cells, have profound effects on immunoreactivity during acute insults or sepsis through modulating multiple receptor expressions or cytokine secretion, in turn contributing to the development and outcome of sepsis. It is of great significance that precision monitoring of immune function and the related indicators might help to assess the risk of secondary infection, the prognosis of septic patients, and guide the treatment of septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Yao
- Trauma Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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64
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Ge Y, Huang M, Zhu XM, Yao YM. Biological functions and clinical implications of interleukin-34 in inflammatory diseases. Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol 2019; 119:39-63. [PMID: 31997772 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-34 is a recently discovered cytokine and ligand of the colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 receptor. Although CSF-1 and IL-34 share similar biological properties, their expression patterns and downstream signaling pathways are distinct. IL-34 can influence differentiation and has functions in multiple cell types (e.g., dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages). In the pathological conditions, IL-34 is induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli (e.g., cytokines, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and infection). Current evidence shows that IL-34 is a critical player in inflammatory response and is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune dysfunction. Therefore, IL-34 may be a promising clinical biomarker and therapeutic target for treating inflammatory related disorders. In this article, we review the advances in biological functions of IL-34 and our understanding of its role in the development of inflammatory diseases as well as therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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65
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Wu M, Luan YY, Lu JF, Li H, Zhan HC, Chen YH, Zhang F, Tian YY, Yang ZL, Yao YM, Feng YW. Platelet count as a new biomarker for acute kidney injury induced by hemorrhagic shock. Platelets 2019; 31:94-102. [PMID: 30810451 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1581921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between nadir platelet count and acute kidney injury (AKI) or 28-day all-cause mortality induced by hemorrhagic shock (HS), and to determine the cutoff value of nadir platelet count in HS clinical practice. This retrospective study included hospitalized patients enrolled in a tertiary-care teaching hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015. Clinical data from HS admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were evaluated. Nadir platelet count was defined as the lowest values in the first 48 h. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the correlation between nadir platelet count and AKI or 28-day all-cause mortality induced by HS, respectively; the area under receiver operating characteristic (AU-ROC) and Youde's index were used to determine the optimal cutoff value of nadir platelet count. Kaplan-Meier's method and log-rank test were assessed for the 28-day all-cause mortality in AKI and non-AKI groups. Of 1589 patients screened, 84 patients (mean age,37.1 years; 58 males) were included in the primary analysis in which 30 patients with AKI. Multiple logistic results indicated that nadir platelet count was a risk factor of AKI (OR = 0.71,95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.93, P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis revealed that nadir platelet count was independent risk factors for 28-day all-cause mortality (Hazard ratios [HR]0.89,95%CI 0.76-0.99, P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curve showed that 28-day all-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with AKI than non-AKI (P < 0.001).These results suggest that nadir platelet count in the first 48 h is a new biomarker for AKI and 28-day all-cause mortality induced by HS. Moreover, the risk for AKI and 28-day all-cause mortality in HS patients decreased by 29% and 11%, respectively, for every 10 × 109/L increase in platelet count. Additional studies are needed to investigate whether elevation of nadir platelet count reduces the risk in different genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China.,Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ying-Yi Luan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Fu Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haoli Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
| | - Hai-Chao Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
| | - Yan-Hong Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
| | - Yu-Yu Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
| | - Zi-Long Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China.,Graduate School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Wen Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen & First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen,China
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66
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Wu Y, Yao YM, Lu ZQ. Mitochondrial quality control mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets in sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:451-462. [PMID: 30788535 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a dysregulated response to severe infection characterized by life-threatening organ failure and is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Multiple organ failure is the central characteristic of sepsis and is associated with poor outcome of septic patients. Ultrastructural damage to the mitochondria and mitochondrial dysfunction are reported in sepsis. Mitochondrial dysfunction with subsequent ATP deficiency, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and cytochrome c release are all considered to contribute to organ failure. Consistent mitochondrial dysfunction leads to reduced mitochondrial quality control capacity, which eliminates dysfunctional and superfluous mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial quality is controlled through a series of processes including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and transport processes. Several studies have indicated that multiple organ failure is ameliorated by restoring mitochondrial quality control mechanisms and is further amplified by defective quality control mechanisms. This review will focus on advances concerning potential mechanisms in regulating mitochondrial quality control and impacts of mitochondrial quality control on the progression of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China. .,College of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China.
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67
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Hu ZQ, Yao YM, Chen W, Bian JL, Zhao LJ, Chen LW, Hong GL, Lu ZQ, Zhao GJ. Partial Depletion of Regulatory T Cells Enhances Host Inflammatory Response Against Acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection After Sepsis. Inflammation 2019; 41:1780-1790. [PMID: 29956070 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Immune dysfunction contributes to secondary infection and worse outcomes in sepsis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Nevertheless, the role of Tregs in secondary infection after sepsis remains to be determined. In the present study, a two-hit model which mimics clinical conditions was used and the potential role of Tregs in secondary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection post-sepsis was investigated. Results showed that mice were susceptible to secondary P. aeruginosa infection 3 days, but not 7 days, post-cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The levels of IL-17A, IL-1β, and IL-6 remained low in CLP mice after P. aeruginosa infection, while the levels of IL-10 increased significantly. Additionally, increased number of Tregs in both lung and spleen was observed in "two-hit" mice. Injection with PC61 (anti-CD25) mAb reduced the number of Tregs by 50% in spleen and 60% in lung of septic mice. This partial depletion of Tregs elevated IL-17A, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and decreased IL-10 levels in septic mice with P. aeruginosa infection, leading to lower bacterial load, attenuation of lung injury, and improvement of survival. The present findings demonstrate that Tregs play a crucial role in secondary P. aeruginosa infection after sepsis by modulating the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Hu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Burns Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jia-Lan Bian
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lin-Jun Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Long-Wang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Guang-Liang Hong
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,College of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Guang-Ju Zhao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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68
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Ge Y, Huang M, Yao YM. Recent advances in the biology of IL-1 family cytokines and their potential roles in development of sepsis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 45:24-34. [PMID: 30587411 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The IL-1 family comprises two anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-37, IL-38), two receptor antagonists (IL-1ra, IL-36ra), and seven ligand agonists (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ). The members of this family exert pleiotropic effects on intercellular signaling, leading to pro- or anti-inflammatory responses. They initiate potent inflammatory and immune responses by binding to specific receptors in the IL-1 receptor family, and their activities are repressed by naturally occurring inhibitors. Various immune cells produce and are regulated by these crucial molecules, which appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases including cancer as well as inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Recent decades have seen substantial progress in understanding how the IL-1 family contributes to the development of sepsis. In this review, we will briefly introduce the IL-1 family and discuss its critical role in inflammatory and immune responses. The potential significance of IL-1 members in sepsis will also be explored, together with the clinical implications for treating this dangerous condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.
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69
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Wu TT, Yao YM. [Pathophysiological significance of autophagy in sepsis and its clinical perspective]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:3635-3638. [PMID: 30526775 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.45.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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70
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Abstract
Recently, the definition of sepsis was concluded to be a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Severe patients always present with uncorrectable hypotension or hyperlactacidemia, which is defined as septic shock. The new definition emphasizes dysregulation of the host response and multiple organ dysfunction, which is partially attributed to metabolic disorders induced by energy crisis and oxidative stress. Mitochondria are a cellular organelle that are well known as the center of energy production, and mitochondrial damage or dysfunction is commonly induced in septic settings and is a predominant factor leading to a worse prognosis. In the present review, we determine the major mitochondrial disorders from morphology to functions in sepsis. In the following, several clinical or pre-clinical assays for monitoring mitochondrial function are demonstrated according to accumulated evidence, which is the first step of specific therapy targeting to modulate mitochondrial function. Accordingly, various reagents used for regulating mitochondrial enzyme activities and promoting biogenesis have been documented, among which mitochondria-targeted cation, TPP-conjugated antioxidants are the most valuable for future trials and clinical treatment to improve mitochondrial function as they may take advantage of the prognosis associated with septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yong-Wen Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
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71
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Zhang H, Xu CF, Ren C, Wu TT, Dong N, Yao YM. Novel Role of p53 in Septic Immunosuppression: Involvement in Loss and Dysfunction of CD4+ T Lymphocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 51:452-469. [PMID: 30453300 DOI: 10.1159/000495241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Immunosuppression frequently occurs during the development of sepsis and is closely associated with poor outcome. Characteristics of immunosuppressive CD4+ T lymphocytes in sepsis have been reported to include dramatic cell loss and inactivation. p53 acts as a pivotal transcription factor in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, which control tumorigenesis. However, few studies have investigated the universal role of p53 in immune cells, especially in the development of sepsis. METHODS A mouse model of sepsis was produced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and isolated splenic CD4+ T cells or Jurkat cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro. We used genetic knockout (p53-/-) mice or the specific inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT) to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of p53. Cell proliferation ability was assessed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptotic cells were stained with annexin V/propidium iodide and then analyzed using a FACScan flow cytometer. Protein and mRNA expression levels were measured by western blotting and real-time PCR, and cytokine levels in culture supernatants were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Splenic CD4+ T lymphocytes from CLP mice expressed gradually elevated p53 mRNA and protein levels, which resulted in extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 inactivation and expression of apoptotic molecules. Specific inhibition of p53 by PFT or genetic knockout (p53-/-) maintained CD4+ T lymphocyte homeostasis, as indicated by protection from cell loss and restoration of immune function. A medium dose of PFT improved the survival rate of mice, while mortality rate showed only a slight improvement in p53-/- mice compared with wild-type mice. The in vitro responses to LPS were consistent with these results, and upregulation of p53 clearly affected the proliferation, apoptosis, and immune dysfunction of CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition, we confirmed the regulatory effect of p53 in Jurkat cells, and inhibition of p53 by either inhibition or short hairpin RNA transduction markedly protected cells from LPS stimulation. CONCLUSION Elevation of p53 in T lymphocytes during sepsis or endotoxin challenge might be responsible for inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing both apoptosis and immune dysfunction of T cells.
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72
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Ge Y, Huang M, Yao YM. Autophagy and proinflammatory cytokines: Interactions and clinical implications. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 43:38-46. [PMID: 30031632 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous cellular process that regulates cell growth, survival, development and death. Its process is closely associated with diverse conditions, such as liver diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, myopathy, heart diseases, cancer, immunization, and inflammatory diseases. Thus, understanding the modulation of autophagy may provide novel insight into potential therapeutic targets. Autophagy is closely intertwined with inflammatory and immune responses, and cytokines may help mediate this interaction. Autophagy has been shown to regulate, and be regulated by, a wide range of proinflammatory cytokines. This review aims to summarize recent progress in elucidating the interplay between autophagy and proinflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and cytokines of the IL-1 family (e.g., IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-33, and IL-36).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ge
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Huang
- Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing 100048, China.
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73
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Luan YY, Yao YM. The Clinical Significance and Potential Role of C-Reactive Protein in Chronic Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1302. [PMID: 29951057 PMCID: PMC6008573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein synthesized by hepatocytes in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines during inflammatory/infectious processes. CRP exists in conformationally distinct forms such as the native pentameric CRP and monomeric CRP (mCRP) and may bind to distinct receptors and lipid rafts and exhibit different functional properties. It is known as a biomarker of acute inflammation, but many large-scale prospective studies demonstrate that CRP is also known to be associated with chronic inflammation. This review is focused on discussing the clinical significance of CRP in chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, age-related macular degeneration, hemorrhagic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, including recent advances on the implication of CRP and its forms specifically on the pathogenesis of these diseases. Overall, we highlight the advances in these areas that may be translated into promising measures for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Ren C, Li XH, Wang SB, Wang LX, Dong N, Wu Y, Yao YM. Activation of Central Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Reverses Suppressed Immune Function of T Lymphocytes and Protects Against Sepsis Lethality. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:748-759. [PMID: 29910685 PMCID: PMC6001681 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.24576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains the leading cause of high mortality and huge financial burden in intensive care units (ICU), but with scarce effective treatments due to refractory multiple organ dysfunction and persistent immunosuppression. Treatments that aim at modulating immune function and attenuating multiple organ injury will certainly benefit septic cases. Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR) has been reported with potent immunomodulatory properties in various diseases as the essential mediator of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). Few studies have demonstrated the potential effect of central α7nAchR on the progression and prognosis of septic response, while its expression was first discovered on neurons and most abundant in the central nervous system. In the present study, it was found severe damage of multiple organs under the operation of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats, including heart, liver, kidneys, and lungs, as evidenced by abnormal histomorphology and notable elevation of injury markers. Concurrently, the function of spleen CD4+ T cells was disrupted under septic challenge, accompanied by polarization of helper T cell (Th)2, which exhibited outward signs of immunosuppression. Intracerebroventricular injection of PNU282987, a selective agonist of α7nAchR, significantly alleviated multiple organ injury, reversed immunosuppressive state, and improved the outcome of septic rats, while they were exacerbated by treatment with methyllycaconitine, a selective antagonist of α7nAchR. This study provides the first evidence that activation of central α7nAchR is beneficial for attenuating multiple organ dysfunction as well as abnormal immune response, and improving the prognosis of rats when exposed with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Hua Li
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Department, Jin Hua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xue Wang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Wu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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75
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Zhang L, Liu R, Luan YY, Yao YM. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Induced Protein 8: Pathophysiology, Clinical Significance, and Regulatory Mechanism. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:398-405. [PMID: 29725261 PMCID: PMC5930472 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.23268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 (TNFAIP8) is the earliest discovered component of TNFAIP8 family [tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 like (TIPE) family]. TNFAIP8 contains a putative death effector domain (DED) homologous to DED II in FLIP (Fas-associated death domain-like interleukin-1β-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein), which may affect cell survival/death process. Recently, it has been demonstrated that TNFAIP8 could inhibit apoptosis and autophagy in various types of cells. Moreover, TNFAIP8 level fluctuated evidently in patients with inflammatory, malignant, and autoimmune diseases, indicating that it might be an anti-apoptotic and oncogenetic protein. Herein we will review the discovery, gene/protein structure, pathophysiological functions, and clinical significance of TNFAIP8 together with its potential regulatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,Emergency Department, The General Hospital of the Chinese PLA Rocket Force, Beijing 100088, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, 307th Hospital of the Chinese PLA, Beijing 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Yi Luan
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
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76
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Zhu XM, Dong N, Wang YB, Zhang QH, Yu Y, Yao YM, Liang HP. The involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immune dysfunction of dendritic cells after severe thermal injury in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9035-9052. [PMID: 28118617 PMCID: PMC5354713 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressed adaptive immune function is one of the major concerns responsible for the development of opportunistic infections and subsequent sepsis with high mortality in severe burns. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is the endogenous self-protective mechanism, and it plays an important role in almost every process of living by regulating the balance between homeostasis and apoptosis. The current study investigated the involvement of ERS in the pathogenesis of dysfunction of dendritic cells (DCs) in burn mice. Our results show a significant ERS response in splenic DC after burn injury. Treatment with salubrinal (Sal, reported to protect cells against ERS-induced apoptosis.) decrease the apoptotic rate of DC induced by burns, and promote maturation and activation of DC, as well as the ability to promote T cell proliferation and polarization towards Th1 immunity (all P<0.05). Gene silence of XBP-1 (key molecular in ERS response) results in the increased apoptosis and suppressed phenotypical maturation of splenic DC in burn mice. These results show that the excessive ERS is essential for immunosuppression during severe thermal injury. XBP-1 plays a pivotal role in DC functional immunomodulation in burn mice. Inhibition of apoptotic ERS response benefits mice from major burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Hong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hua-Ping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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77
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Ren C, Zhang H, Wu TT, Yao YM. Autophagy: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Reversing Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1832. [PMID: 29326712 PMCID: PMC5741675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units and an intractable condition due to uncontrolled inflammation together with immune suppression. Dysfunction of immune cells is considered as a major cause for poor outcome of septic patients but with little specific treatments. Currently, autophagy that is recognized as an important self-protective mechanism for cellular survival exhibits great potential for maintaining immune homeostasis and alleviating multiple organ failure, which further improves survival of septic animals. The protective effect of autophagy on immune cells covers both innate and adaptive immune responses and refers to various cellular receptors and intracellular signaling. Multiple drugs and measures are reportedly beneficial for septic challenge by inducing autophagy process. Therefore, autophagy might be an effective target for reversing immunosuppression compromised by sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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78
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Luan YY, Yao RQ, Tong S, Dong N, Sheng ZY, Yao YM. Effect of tumor necrosis factor-α induced protein 8 like-2 on immune function of dendritic cells in mice following acute insults. Oncotarget 2017; 7:30178-92. [PMID: 27029075 PMCID: PMC5058673 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α induced protein 8 like-2 (TNFAIP8L2, TIPE2) is a lately discovered negative regulator of innate immunity and cellular immunity. The present study was designed to investigate whether naturally occurring dendritic cells (DCs) could express TIPE2 mRNA/protein and its potential significance. Expressions of co-stimulatory molecules on DC surface and cytokines were analyzed to assess the functional role of TIPE2 in controlling DC maturation as well as activation. The activated DCs were assessed for their capacity to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. It was found that TIPE2 was a cytoplasmic protein expressed in DCs, and the percentage of DCs which expressed co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines were obviously up-regulated when TIPE2 gene silenced by siRNA in vitro and in vivo. DCs undergone TIPE2 knockdown were found to promote the maturation of DCs, T-cell proliferation as well as differentiation, and they were significantly elevated IL-2 level and intranuclear NF-AT activation. Conversely, in over-expressing TIPE2 DC cells, it could inhibit T-cell proliferation and differentiation, and markedly down-regulate IL-2 expression and intranuclear NF-AT activation after scald injury. The results suggested that TIPE2 appeared to be a critical immunoregulatory molecule which affected DC maturation and subsequent T-cell mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Qi Yao
- 10th Student Team, Undergraduate Medical School, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Tong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sheng
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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79
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Luan YY, Jia M, Zhang H, Zhu FJ, Dong N, Feng YW, Wu M, Tong YL, Yao YM. The potential mechanism of extracellular high mobility group box-1 protein mediated p53 expression in immune dysfunction of T lymphocytes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112959-112971. [PMID: 29348880 PMCID: PMC5762565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the activity of p53 protein in Jurkat cells treated with high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1), thereafter we investigated the mechanism of extracellular HMGB1 mediated p53 expression in immune dysfunction of T lymphocytes. mRNA expression of p53, mdm2, and p21 was determined by Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The apoptotic rate of Jurkat cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expressions of bcl-2, bax, caspase-3, phosphorylated (p) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, ERK1/2, p-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK, and p-c-jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 and JNK1/2 were simultaneously determined by Western blotting. After treatment with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml or 1000 ng/ml), the proliferative activity of Jurkat cells was significantly decreased, and a low and medium concentration of HMGB1 induced an up-regulation of p53 mRNA, p-p53 and p53 protein expression. Meanwhile, levels of mdm2 and p21 were elevated by incubated with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) for 24 or 48 hours. Moreover, the proliferation of Jurkat cells in response to HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) in the vector group was significantly depressed. The bax and caspase-3 levels in p53 shRNA-expressed cells treated with HMGB1 (100 ng/ml) was markedly decreased, whereas expression of bcl-2 was obviously enhanced. Among ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and JNK1/2 signaling, only p38 MAPK pathway could be significantly activated by treatment with HMGB1, and the specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK was used, p53 and p-p53 expression induced by HMGB1 were significantly down-regulated. Taken together, our data strongly indicated that HMGB1 might enhance p53 expression, which was associated with both the proliferative activity as well as apoptosis of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Luan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Wen Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lin Tong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
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80
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Zhang QH, Hao JW, Li GL, Ji XJ, Yao XD, Dong N, Yao YM. Proinflammatory switch from Gαs to Gαi signaling by Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor in murine splenic monocyte following burn injury. Inflamm Res 2017; 67:157-168. [PMID: 29022064 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapy via G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) GLP-1R, to attenuate hyperglycemia in critical care has attracted great attention. However, the exaggerated inflammation by GLP-1R agonist, Exendin-4, in a mouse model of burn injury was quite unexpected. Recent studies found that GPCR might elicit proinflammatory effects by switching from Gαs to Gαi signaling in the immune system. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible Gαs to Gαi switch in GLP-1R signaling in monocyte following burn injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Splenic monocytes from sham and burn mice 24 h following burn injury were treated with consecutive doses of Exendin-4 alone or in combination with an inhibitor of Gαi signaling (pertussis toxin, PTX), or a blocker of protein kinase A (H89). Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8, and the supernatant was collected for cytokine measurement by ELISA. Intracellular cAMP level, phosphorylated PKA activity, and nuclear NF-κB p65 were determined by ELISA, ERK1/2 activation was analyzed by Western blot. The expression of GLP-1R downstream molecules, Gαs, Gαi and G-protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) were examined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot. RESULTS Exendin-4 could inhibit the viability of monocyte from sham rather than burn mice. Unexpectedly, it could also reduce TNF-α secretion from sham monocyte while increase it from burn monocyte. The increased secretion of TNF-α by Exendin-4 from burn monocyte could be reversed by pretreatment of PTX or H89. Accordingly, Exendin-4 could stimulates cAMP production dose dependently from sham instead of burn monocyte. However, the blunt cAMP production from burn monocyte was further suppressed by pretreatment of PTX or H89 after 6-h incubation. Nevertheless, phosphorylated PKA activity was significantly increased by low dose of Exendin-4 in sham monocyte, by contrast, it was enhanced by high dose of Exendin-4 in burn monocyte after 1-h incubation. Following Exendin-4 treatment for 2 h ex vivo, total nuclear NF-κB and phosphorylated NF-κB activity, as well as cytoplasmic pERK1/2 expressions were reduced in sham monocyte, however, only pERK1/2 was increased by Exendin-4 in burn monocytes. Moreover, reduced expressions of GLP-1R, GRK-2 and Gαs in contrast with increased expression of Gαi were identified in burn monocyte relative to sham monocyte. CONCLUSIONS This study presents an unexpected proinflammatory switch from Gαs to Gαi signaling in burn monocyte, which promotes ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation and the downstream TNF-α secretion. This phenomenon is most probably responsible for proinflammatory response evoked by Gαs agonist Exendin-4 following burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns' Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji-Wei Hao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns' Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Lei Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns' Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Ji
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Yao
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns' Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns' Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China.
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81
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Ren C, Tong YL, Li JC, Dong N, Hao JW, Zhang QH, Yao YM. Early antagonism of cerebral high mobility group box-1 protein is benefit for sepsis induced brain injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:92578-92588. [PMID: 29190939 PMCID: PMC5696205 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis induced brain injury acts as an acute complication and accounts for deterioration and high mortality rate of septic condition. HMGB1 is a late inflammatory mediator that plays a critical role in brain dysfunction and diseases. However, the role of HMGB1 in sepsis induced brain dysfunction remains intricate. The current study investigated the effect of HMGB1 on brain injury in septic mice model with intracerebroventricular injection of BoxA (a specific antagonist of HMGB1). The expression of HMGB1, morphological changes of brain tissues, apoptosis of brain cells, and alteration of behavior were determined. The expressions of HMGB1 in cortex, hippocampus, and striatum were significantly enhanced in the sepsis group when compared with the sham group. In septic conditions, brain tissues showed significant abnormalities in tissue structure, and increased apoptosis of brain cells which was caspase-3 dependent. Septic mice showed suppression of locomotor activity and impairment of memory and learning. Neutralizing brain HMGB1 significantly improved brain injury and apoptosis of brain cells, and further ameliorated disturbed locomotor activities and damaged memory and learning. However, no significant improvement of survival rate was seen after inhibiting central HMGB1. These results reveal that HMGB1 is a potential target for ameliorating sepsis induced brain injury with early antagonizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lin Tong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Cong Li
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Wei Hao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hong Zhang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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82
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Zhu J, Wang FL, Wang HB, Dong N, Zhu XM, Wu Y, Wang YT, Yao YM. TNF-α mRNA is negatively regulated by microRNA-181a-5p in maturation of dendritic cells induced by high mobility group box-1 protein. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12239. [PMID: 28947753 PMCID: PMC5612954 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) can be stimulated by both exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as post-transcriptional fine tuners of mRNA. Studies have focused mostly on the potential role of miRNAs in DCs maturation triggered by PAMPs, especially LPS, however, little is known about the regulatory mechanism underlying the effects of miRNAs in DC maturation mediated by DAMPs, including HMGB1. Here, we first profiled a miRNA microarray of DCs stimulated by HMGB1 and determined that the up-regulated miRNA miR-181a-5p may act as a regulatory miRNA in these cells. Computational algorithms predicted TNF-α 3'UTR to be targeted by miR-181a-5p, which was confirmed by the experiments involving luciferase reporters. In addition, we found that TNF-α mRNA was down-regulated by miR-181a-5p mimic, and significantly up-regulated by miR-181a-5p inhibitor. Taken together, we identified miR-181a-5p a negative regulator in HMGB1-induced immune responses by targeting TNF-α mRNA in DCs. Moreover, we suggested that miR-181a-5p may play a role in regulating DC responses to HMGB1 and serve as evidence indicating that novel therapies targeting miRNAs may be useful for treating immune dysfunction in the setting of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Li Wang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yao Wu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Tao Wang
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P.R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, P.R. China.
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83
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Yao YM, Yan H, Zhang ZM, Wu CF, Zhang L, Yang BB. [Effects of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2017; 32:402-7. [PMID: 27464630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of local injection of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on the healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit. METHODS ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of one New Zealand rabbit and then sub-cultured. ADSCs of the third passage were used in the following experiments. Twenty-four rabbits were divided into ADSCs group (n=12) and control group (n=12) according to the random number table, and one deep partial-thickness scald wound with diameter of 5 cm on the two sides of the back near the buttocks was made. From post injury day (PID) 2, 2 mL suspension of EdU-labeled ADSCs with the number of 5×10(5) per mL was subcutaneously injected in wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group, while the rabbits in control group were given 2 mL serum-free DMEM until the wounds were healed. Wound healing processes of rabbits in two groups were observed every day, and the healing time was recorded. On PID 7, 14, 21, and 28, areas of wound of three rabbits in two groups were measured and the healing rates were calculated, respectively. The healed wound tissue was harvested to observe the morphology by HE staining, and the expression of collagen fiber was observed by Masson staining. The distribution of EdU-labeled ADSCs in healed wound tissue on PID 28 was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) of healed wound tissue on PID 7, 14, and 21 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design and paired samples t test. RESULTS (1) The wound healing time of rabbits in ADSCs group was (19.5±1.1) d post injury, which was significantly shorter than that in control group [(23.3±1.5) d, t=4.50, P<0.05]. On PID 7, wounds of rabbits in two groups were dry with no obvious exudation, and redness and swelling around wounds disappeared gradually, the wound healing rate of rabbits in ADSCs group was (15.1±2.4)%, which was close to that in control group [(13.7±3.1)%, t=1.20, P>0.05]. On PID 14, wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were dry and scabbed obviously, and the wound healing rate was (73.1±5.7)%, while wounds of rabbits in control group were little scabbed with little exudation, and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that in ADSCs group [(52.9±5.1)%, t=8.06, P<0.01]. On PID 21, wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were generally healed, and the wound healing rate was (95.6±3.0)%, while a few wounds still existed in rabbits of control group, and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that in ADSCs group [(78.6±3.7)%, t=9.73, P<0.01]. On PID 28, wounds of rabbits in two groups were totally healed with the healing rate of 100%, and texture and microvascular responses of healed wound tissue in ADSCs group were better than those in control group. (2) On PID 7, fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were all increased, and there were little vascular and collagen fiber proliferation with no obvious differences. On PID 14, the number of fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group was more than that in control group, and the collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were arranged in dense and uniform, while those in control group were sparse and irregular. On PID 21, skin layers were differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups, and collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were still denser than that in control group. On PID 28, newborn skin was well differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group, which was better than that in control group. There were a lot of thick collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups, and EdU-labeled ADSCs were involved in skin texture of rabbits in ADSCs group. (3) The expressions of VEGF and EGF in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were similar on PID 7 (with t values respectively 0.70 and 0.91, P values above 0.05), which in ADSCs group were significantly higher than those in control group on PID 14 and 21 (with t values from 2.85 to 4.81, P values below 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The transplantation of ADSCs can promote the wound healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit and shorten the wound healing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Yao
- Plastic Surgery Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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84
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Miao RM, Cao B, Yao YM, Zhang YY, Wu WM, Fang ZH, Zhao R, Luo C, Zhu BL. [A clinical study of serum protein markers in patients with 1-bromopropane poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2017; 35:54-57. [PMID: 28241706 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the changes in protein expression in patients with 1-bromopropane (1-BP) poisoning using high-throughput proteomic technique and to screen out protein markers. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 3 patients with 1-BP poisoning and 15 controls. The label-free proteomic tech-nique was used for the quantitation and identification of proteins expressed in these samples, and the results were compared between the patients with 1-BP poisoning and the control population. The bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the function of differentially expressed proteins. Results: Compared with the control popula-tion, the patients with 1-BP poisoning had >2-fold upregulation of 38 proteins and >2-fold downregulation of 68 proteins. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in immune response, signal transduction, and stress response. Conclusion: The proteins screened out may be potential protein markers for 1-BP poison-ing, which provides reliable and precise methods and thoughts for the diagnosis of 1-BP poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Miao
- Wuxi NO.8 People's Hospital (Wuxi Hospital for Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease) , Wuxi 214011, China
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85
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Ren C, Tong YL, Li JC, Lu ZQ, Yao YM. The Protective Effect of Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Activation on Critical Illness and Its Mechanism. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:46-56. [PMID: 28123345 PMCID: PMC5264260 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical illnesses and injuries are recognized as major threats to human health, and they are usually accompanied by uncontrolled inflammation and dysfunction of immune response. The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR), which is a primary receptor of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), exhibits great benefits for critical ill conditions. It is composed of 5 identical α7 subunits that form a central pore with high permeability for calcium. This putative structure is closely associated with its functional states. Activated α7nAChR exhibits extensive anti-inflammatory and immune modulatory reactions, including lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, decreased expressions of chemokines as well as adhesion molecules, and altered differentiation and activation of immune cells, which are important in maintaining immune homeostasis. Well understanding of the effects and mechanisms of α7nAChR will be of great value in exploring effective targets for treating critical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ren
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lin Tong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Cong Li
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Lu
- Emergency Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China.; State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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86
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Wang DW, Dong N, Wu Y, Zhu XM, Wang CT, Yao YM. Interleukin-37 Enhances the Suppressive Activity of Naturally Occurring CD4 +CD25 + Regulatory T Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38955. [PMID: 27941849 PMCID: PMC5150235 DOI: 10.1038/srep38955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for the suppression of autoimmunity and can control the immune-mediated pathology during the early phase of sepsis. Our previous data showed that silencing interleukin-37 (IL-37) in human CD4+CD25+ Tregs obviously reduced the suppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Here, we found that rhIL-37 stimulation markedly enhanced the suppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ Tregs isolated from naive C57BL/6 J mice in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Treatment with rhIL-37 could significantly upregulate the expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 and forkhead/winged helix transcription factor p3 (Foxp3) on CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Also, rhIL-37 stimulation promoted the production of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) but not IL-10 in the supernatants of cultured CD4+CD25+ Tregs. Pretreated CD4+CD25+ Tregs with rhIL-37 in the presence or absence of LPS were cocultured with CD4+CD25− T cells, ratio of IL-4/interferon-γ in the supernatants obviously increased in IL-37-stimulated groups. In addition, early administration of IL-37 significantly improved the survival rate of septic mice induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Taken together, we concluded that rhIL-37 enhances the suppressive activity of CD4+CD25+ Tregs and might be a potential immunomodulator for the treatment of septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250101, P. R.China.,Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P. R.China
| | - Ning Dong
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P. R.China
| | - Yao Wu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P. R.China
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhu
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P. R.China
| | - Chun-Ting Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250101, P. R.China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P. R.China.,State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P. R.China
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87
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Ji XJ, Hao JW, Zhang QH, Yao YM. Update advances in the neuroendocrine effects of glucagon-like peptide 1. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 2016; 47:467-472. [PMID: 29894130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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88
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Huang H, Tian ZT, Yao YM, Li TS. [Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 like-2 promotes apoptosis of CD4 + T lymphocytes in mice with severe burn injury]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2016; 36:1334-1339. [PMID: 27777194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8 like-2 (TIPE2) on apoptosis of CD4+ T lymphocytes in a murine model of severe burn injury. METHODS A total of 140 male mice were randomly allocated into 6 groups. Small RNA interference technique was used to construct a siTIPE2-overexpressing lentivirus, and severe burn injury models were established in the mice. CD4+ T cells were purified from spleen of the mice, and the expressions of TIPE2, Smad2/Smad3, P-Smad2/P-Smad3 and Bcl-2/Bimprotein in CD4+ Tregs were detected. The changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome C in CD4+ T cells were detected, and the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were analyzed. RESULTS Down-regulation of TIPE2 promoted the apoptosis of CD4+ T lymphocytes in siTIPE2-burn group, in which the protein expressions of P-smad2/P-Smad3 decreased, Bcl-2 expression increased and Bim expression decreased significantly as compared with the other groups (P<0.01 or 0.05). The mitochondrial membrane potential and cytochrome C expression in CD4+ T cells were down-regulated in siTIPE2-burn group (P<0.05) with a lowered caspase-3 activity compared with TIPE2-burn group (P<0.01) and decreased caspase-8 and caspase-9 compared with the other groups (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate was the highest in TIPE2-burn group, whose Smad2/Smad3 was higher than that in the sham group (P<0.05) and the expression of P-smad2/P-Smad3 significantly increased compared with the other groups (P<0.05). In TIPE2-burn group, the mitochondrial membrane potential in CD4+ T cells was decreased (P<0.01), the expression of cytochrome C increased markedly (P<0.01), and the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were all obviously higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION As an important immunoregulatory molecule, TIPE2 can promote the apoptosis of CD4+T lymphocyte in mice with sever burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- 1Emergency Department, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Jinan Command, Jinan 250031, China. E-mail:
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Abstract
Autophagy is a degradative pathway that plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Most early studies of autophagy focused on its involvement in age-associated degeneration and nutrient deprivation. However, the immunological functions of autophagy have become more widely studied in recent years. Autophagy has been shown to be an intrinsic cellular defense mechanism in the innate and adaptive immune responses. Cytokines belong to a broad and loose category of proteins and are crucial for innate and adaptive immunity. Inhibitory cytokines have evolved to permit tolerance to self while also contributing to the eradication of invading pathogens. Interactions between inhibitory cytokines and autophagy have recently been reported, revealing a novel mechanism by which autophagy controls the immune response. In this review, we discuss interactions between autophagy and the regulatory cytokines IL-10, transforming growth factor-β, and IL-27. We also mention possible interactions between two newly discovered cytokines, IL-35 and IL-37, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Wu
- 1. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Li
- 1. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- 2. Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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90
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Abstract
The vagus nerve can sense peripheral inflammation and transmit action potentials from the periphery to the brainstem. Vagal afferent signaling is integrated in the brainstem, and efferent vagus nerves carry outbound signals that terminate in spleen and other organs. Stimulation of efferent vagus nerve leads to the release of acetylcholine in these organs. In turn, acetylcholine interacts with members of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) family, particularly with the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), which is expressed by macrophages and other cytokine-producing cells. Ultimately, the production of proinflammatory cytokines is markedly inhibited. This neuroimmune communication is termed "the inflammatory reflex". The uncontrolled inflammation as a result from sepsis can lead to multiple organ failure, and even death. Experimental data show that regulation of the inflammatory reflex appears to be a useful interventional strategy for septic response. Herein, we review recent advances in the understanding of the inflammatory reflex and discuss potential therapeutics that vagal modulation of the immune system for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- a Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.,b Department of ICU , Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai , China
| | - Yi-Mei Yin
- b Department of ICU , Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai , China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- a Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
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Liu HS, Su Q, Zhao XD, Guo YF, Yao YM, Zhang QH. Identification and Treatment of the Early Form of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema in Emergency Room. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2015; 37:343-7. [PMID: 26149150 DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503x.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the management of the early neurogenic pulmonary edema(NPE)in patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage. METHODS Totally 140 eligible patients with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in the emergency department of our hospital from October 2008 to October 2014 were divided into two groups:NPE group(n=25)and non-NPE group(n=115). The clinical data were analyzed and compared. RESULTS Although the mean arterial pressure was similar between these two groups,the median pH and the bicarbonate ion(HCO(3)(-))were significantly lower in the NPE group than in the non-NPE group(pH:7.32 vs.7.39,P=0.002;HCO(3)(-),20.6 mmol/L vs.22.7 mmol/L,P=0.01). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that younger age and higher glucose level were significantly correlated with the early onset of NPE in the NPE group than in the non-NPE group(age:50.1 years vs.65.1 years,P=0.0008;glucose,15.4 mmol/L vs.10.78 mmol/L,P=0.001).There were only 3 patients in all with non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage happened the fulminant NPE in 1 hour. Within 24 hours after patients visited the emergency room,the condition was improved in 20 of 25 patients in the NPE group. However,5 patients died,among whom 3 patients with fulminant NPE(onset within 1 hour)died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome and complicated with multiple organ failure,and 2 died of cerebral hernia. CONCLUSIONS NPE is a rare and severe complication in patients with non traumatic cerebral hemorrhage. The possibility of NPE should be considered in relatively young patients with higher glucose and lower blood pH value. Timely prevention and treatment can improve the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sheng Liu
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
| | - Qin Su
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhao
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
| | - Ying-Fei Guo
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
| | - Qing-Hong Zhang
- Emergency Department,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China
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Zhang QH, Li AM, He SL, Yao XD, Zhu J, Zhang ZW, Sheng ZY, Yao YM. Serum Total Cholinesterase Activity on Admission Is Associated with Disease Severity and Outcome in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129082. [PMID: 26107885 PMCID: PMC4479571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of neurological disability. In this retrospective study, serum total cholinesterase (ChE) activities were analyzed in 188 patients for diagnostic as well as predictive values for mortality. METHODS AND FINDINGS Within 72 hours after injury, serum ChE activities including both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were measured. Disease severity was evaluated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, Glasgow Coma Score, length of coma, post-traumatic amnesia and injury feature. Neurocognitive and functional scores were assessed using clinical records. Of 188 patients, 146 (77.7%) survived and 42 (22.3%) died within 90 days. Lower ChE activities were noted in the non-survivors vs. survivors (5.94±2.19 vs. 7.04±2.16 kU/L, p=0.023), in septic vs. non-infected patients (5.93±1.89 vs. 7.31±2.45 kU/L, p=0.0005) and in patients with extremely severe injury vs. mild injury (6.3±1.98 vs. 7.57±2.48 kU/L, p=0.049). The trajectories of serum ChE levels were also different between non-survivors and survivors, septic and non-infected patients, mild and severely injured patients, respectively. Admission ChE activities were closely correlated with blood cell counts, neurocognitive and functional scores both on admission and at discharge. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the area under the curve for ChE was inferior to that for either APACHE II or white blood cell (WBC) count. However, at the optimal cutoff value of 5 kU/L, the sensitivity of ChE for correct prediction of 90-day mortality was 65.5% and the specificity was 86.4%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that lower ChE activity (<5 kU/L) was more closely correlated with poor survival than higher ChE activity (>5 kU/L) (p=0.04). After adjusting for other variables, ChE was identified as a borderline independent predictor for mortality as analyzed by Binary logistic regression (P=0.078). CONCLUSIONS Lowered ChE activity measured on admission appears to be associated with disease severity and outcome for TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hong Zhang
- Key Research Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (QHZ); (YMY)
| | - An-Min Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hainan Branch of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan, 572013, P. R. China
| | - Sai-Lin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Dong Yao
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Wen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sheng
- Key Research Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Key Research Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA, and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration; First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (QHZ); (YMY)
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Abstract
Sepsis is defined as severe systemic inflammation in response to invading pathogens, or an uncontrolled hyperinflammatory response, as mediated by the release of various proinflammatory mediators. Although some patients may die rapidly from septic shock accompanied by an overwhelming systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) triggered by a highly virulent pathogen, most patients survive the initial phase of sepsis, showing multiple organ damage days or weeks later. These patients often demonstrate signs of immune suppression accompanied by enhanced inflammation. Sepsis is a result of a complex process; there is interaction of various pathways, such as inflammation, immunity, coagulation, as well as the neuroendocrine system. This treatise is an attempt to provide a summary of several key regulatory mechanisms and to present the currently recognized molecular pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 51 Fu-cheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Autologous fat injection is a common aesthetic procedure for soft-tissue augmentation of the face. Although this procedure is generally regarded as safe, several patients have experienced acute visual loss or cerebral infarction after these injections. We describe a case of internal and external carotid artery fat embolism that occurred following injection of autologous fat into the face. It appeared that the injected fat entered a branch of the left external carotid artery and that the embolus likely migrated into the left internal carotid artery and distally into the left ophthalmic artery, left anterior artery, and middle cerebral artery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5:
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/surgery
- Adult
- Aphasia/etiology
- Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging
- Carotid Arteries/pathology
- Carotid Artery, External/diagnostic imaging
- Carotid Artery, External/pathology
- Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging
- Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology
- Cerebral Infarction/diagnosis
- Cerebral Infarction/etiology
- Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
- Embolism, Fat/diagnosis
- Embolism, Fat/etiology
- Face
- Female
- Hemiplegia/etiology
- Humans
- Injections
- Lipectomy/methods
- Postoperative Complications/diagnosis
- Postoperative Complications/etiology
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
- Transplantation, Autologous/adverse effects
- Transplantation, Autologous/methods
- Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial/methods
- Vision Disorders/etiology
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- Dr Wang is an intensivist in the ICU at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yin is an ultrasonologist in the Department of Ultrasound at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yao is a professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute at First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Mei Yin
- Dr Wang is an intensivist in the ICU at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yin is an ultrasonologist in the Department of Ultrasound at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yao is a professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute at First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Dr Wang is an intensivist in the ICU at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yin is an ultrasonologist in the Department of Ultrasound at Weihai Municipal Hospital in Weihai, ChinaDr Yao is a professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute at First Affiliated Hospital of the Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing, China
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Huang LF, Yao YM, Sheng ZY. Novel insights for high mobility group box 1 protein-mediated cellular immune response in sepsis: A systemic review. World J Emerg Med 2014; 3:165-71. [PMID: 25215057 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a highly conserved, ubiquitous protein in the nuclei and cytoplasm of nearly all cell types. HMGB1 is secreted into the extracellular milieu and acts as a proinfl ammatory cytokine. In this article we reviewed briefl y the cellular immune response mediated by HMGB1 in infl ammation and sepsis. METHODS This systemic review is mainly based on our own work and other related reports. RESULTS HMGB1 can actively affect the immune functions of many types of cells including T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Tregs), dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and natural killer cells (NK cells). Various cellular responses can be mediated by HMGB1 which binds to cell-surface receptors [e.g., the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, and TLR4]. Anti-HMGB1 treatment, such as anti-HMGB1 polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, inhibitors (e.g., ethyl pyruvate) and antagonists (e.g., A box), can protect against sepsis lethality and give a wider window for the treatment opportunity. CONCLUSION HMGB1 is an attractive target for the development of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of patients with septic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
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96
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Liu HS, Zhao XD, Su Q, Wang Q, Yao YM. [Expression of PAPP-A, IGF-I and their effects on the cytological functions of siRNA lentiviral vector of hCASMCs IGF-I after inflammatory factor]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2014; 45:557-562. [PMID: 25286675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate expression of PAPP-A, IGF-I and the effect of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta on the cytological functions of hCASMCs with IGF-I gene silencing after inflammatory factor, in order to further study on the action of IGF axis hormone in the rupture of astable atheroxclerosis plaque. METHODS A RNA interference (RNAi) aimed at the gene of IGF-I was carried out to have an eukaryon transfection to hCASMCs. When the IGF- I-shRNA-hCASMC were treated by TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IGFBP4, the expression of PAPP-A and IGF-I were detected with Western blot and ELISA. And then, the effect of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IGFBP4 on the proliferation of IGF-I-shRNA- hCASMC were assessed by MTT assay and changing in cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by using flow cytometry. RESULTS Significant positive expression of PAPP-A in hCASMCs which were treated by TNF-alpha + IL-1beta or TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4 in Blank control (CON), Negative control (NC) and RNAi group were observed, but lower expression in the RNAi group than that in CON and NC groups. However, there was no positive expression of PAPP-A in hCASMCs of CON, NC, RNAi group treating without TNF-alpha + IL-1beta or TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4. The expression of IGF-I in hCASMCs of CON, NC, RNAi group treated with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4 were greater than that only with or without TNF-alpha + IL-1beta treatment. In RNAi group, the A570 decreased when the hCASMCs treated with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4 and significant lower than that in hCASMCs treated with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta. When the hCASMCs were treated with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta or TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4, the rate of apoptosis significantly increased in RNAi group, which was significantly higher than that in CON group and NC group. In addition, in RNAi group, the rate of apoptosis in hCASMCs treated with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IGFBP4 was significant higher than that in hCASMCs treated only with TNF-alpha + IL-1beta. CONCLUSION When the IGF-I-shRNA-hCASMCs were stimulated by some inflammation factors, its proliferation decreased but the apoptosis enhanced. So the activated IGF-I level in local microebvironnment increased, which may cause the descend of cell proliferation and the increasing of apoptosis.
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97
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Zhao HQ, Li WM, Lu ZQ, Yao YM. Roles of Tregs in development of hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:7971-7978. [PMID: 24976734 PMCID: PMC4069325 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess systematically the association between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase and Wanfang databases for literature on the populations of Tregs in HCC patients and controls, using the pooled OR and 95%CIs for assessment. There were no limitations with respect to publication date or language. The references of qualifying articles were also searched. We excluded studies with unclear data or overlapping studies. Twenty-three studies met our criteria, and the quality of these studies was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). The meta-analysis of association between Tregs and HCC was undertaken using the random-effects approach, as described by DerSimonian and Laird. Subgroup analysis was performed when at least three studies were available. Potential publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of the funnel plot, and an asymmetric plot suggested possible publication bias.
RESULTS: Twenty-three studies with a total of 1279 HCC patients and 547 healthy volunteers as controls were enrolled. The frequency of circulating Tregs in HCC patients was 87% higher than in healthy controls (OR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.49-2.34). The frequency of Tregs in the HCC tumor microenvironment was significantly higher than that in tumor-surrounding tissue and biopsy specimens from healthy livers (OR = 4.04, 95%CI: 2.10-7.79, P = 0.000; OR = 2.869, 95%CI: 2.16-3.82, P = 0.000). However, subgroup analyses based on the different types of tumors or patient characteristics such as tumor size, tumor number or α fetoprotein (AFP) levels in HCC patients, showed that populations of Tregs as a whole were not significantly changed between groups (P > 0.05 for all).
CONCLUSION: There is an obvious association between Tregs and pathogenesis of HCC. Further well-designed clinical studies are warranted to illustrate the potential role of Tregs in HCC.
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98
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Abstract
Diversity and plasticity are two hallmarks of macrophages. M1 macrophages (classically activated macrophages) are pro-inflammatory and have a central role in host defense against infection, while M2 macrophages (alternatively activated macrophages) are associated with responses to anti-inflammatory reactions and tissue remodeling, and they represent two terminals of the full spectrum of macrophage activation. Transformation of different phenotypes of macrophages regulates the initiation, development, and cessation of inflammatory diseases. Here we reviewed the characters and functions of macrophage polarization in infection, atherosclerosis, obesity, tumor, asthma, and sepsis, and proposed that targeting macrophage polarization and skewing their phenotype to adapt to the microenvironment might hold great promise for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Cun Liu
- 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R.China
| | - Xian-Biao Zou
- 2. Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R.China
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R.China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- 2. Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R.China; ; 3. State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R.China
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99
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DU JD, Zheng X, Huang ZQ, Cai SW, Tan JW, Li ZL, Yao YM, Jiao HB, Yin HN, Zhu ZM. Effects of intensive insulin therapy combined with low molecular weight heparin anticoagulant therapy on severe pancreatitis. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:141-146. [PMID: 24944612 PMCID: PMC4061186 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study explored the effects of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) combined with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) anticoagulant therapy on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). A total of 134 patients with SAP that received treatment between June 2008 and June 2012 were divided randomly into groups A (control; n=33), B (IIT; n=33), C (LMWH; n=34) and D (IIT + LMWH; n=34). Group A were treated routinely. Group B received continuous pumped insulin, as well as the routine treatment, to maintain the blood sugar level between 4.4 and 6.1 mmol/l. Group C received a subcutaneous injection of LMWH every 12 h in addition to the routine treatment. Group D received IIT + LMWH and the routine treatment. The white blood cell count, hemodiastase, serum albumin, arterial partial pressure of oxygen and prothrombin time were recorded prior to treatment and 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after the initiation of treatment. The intestinal function recovery time, incidence rate of multiple organ failure (MOF), length of hospitalization and fatality rates were observed. IIT + LMWH noticeably increased the white blood cell count, hemodiastase level, serum albumin level and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen in the patients with SAP (P<0.05). It markedly shortened the intestinal recovery time and the length of stay and reduced the incidence rate of MOF, the surgery rate and the fatality rate (P<0.05). It did not aggravate the hemorrhagic tendency of SAP (P>0.05). IIT + LMWH had a noticeably improved clinical curative effect on SAP compared with that of the other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong DU
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Division Three for Senior Officers, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shou-Wang Cai
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Wang Tan
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Liang Li
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Bo Jiao
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Nan Yin
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Man Zhu
- Departments of Heptapobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
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Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a brain dysfunction that occurs secondary to infection in the body, characterized by alteration of consciousness, ranging from delirium to coma, seizure or focal neurological signs. SAE involves a number of mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, in which the interaction between cytokines and acetylcholine results in neuronal loss and alterations in cholinergic signaling. Moreover, the interaction also occurs in the periphery, accelerating a type of immunosuppressive state. Although its diagnosis is not specific in biochemistry and imaging tests, it could potentiate severe outcomes, including increased mortality, cognitive decline, progressive immunosuppression, cholinergic anti-inflammatory deficiency, and even metabolic and hydroelectrolyte imbalance. Therefore, the bilateral communication between SAE and the multiple peripheral organs and especially the immune system should be emphasized in sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048 P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Sheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048 P.R. China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048 P.R. China
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