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Colomer-Lluch M, Mora A, Lopez C, Mamani R, Dahbi G, Marzoa J, Herrera A, Viso S, Blanco JE, Blanco M, Alonso MP, Jofre J, Muniesa M, Blanco J. Detection of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates belonging to clonal groups O25b:H4-B2-ST131 and O25b:H4-D-ST69 in raw sewage and river water in Barcelona, Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 68:758-65. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Benini F, Mora A, Turini D, Bertolazzi S, Lanzarotto F, Ricci C, Villanacci V, Barbara G, Stanghellini V, Lanzini A. Slow gallbladder emptying reverts to normal but small intestinal transit of a physiological meal remains slow in celiac patients during gluten-free diet. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:100-7, e79-80. [PMID: 22097920 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of small intestinal transit and gallbladder (GB) motility have been reported in celiac disease (CD) in studies involving, in most cases, non-physiological experimental conditions and artificial stimuli to motility. Our aims were to quantitate non-invasively small intestinal transit time and GB emptying during administration of a physiological and palatable solid meal, and to assess the effect of gluten-free diet (GFD). METHODS We simultaneously measured mouth-to-cecum transit time (MCTT) using a validated H(2) breath test, and GB motility using ultrasonography. We studied CD patients before (n = 19) and during (n = 14) GFD, and healthy volunteers (n = 24) following administration of a physiological solid meal (Kcal 539). KEY RESULTS Mouth-to-cecum transit time was more prolonged in CD (mean ± SEM: 235 ± 96 min) than in controls (169 ± 65 min, P = 0.0039). The GB fasting volume and postprandial residual volume were significantly higher in CD than in controls, and GB emptying constant was slower in CD than in controls. During GFD, GB emptying reverted to normal, but MCTT remained unchanged (229 ± 69 min) and more prolonged in CD than in controls (P = 0.0139). During GFD, duodenal infiltration with lymphocytes and mast cells persisted higher than that in controls, and the number of mast cells lying in proximity of nervous endings did not change. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Slow postprandial MCTT in response to a physiological meal does not revert to normal during GFD, an effect mirroring incomplete histopathologic recovery.
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Young JL, Mora A, Cerny A, Czech MP, Woda B, Kurt-Jones EA, Finberg RW, Corvera S. CD14 deficiency impacts glucose homeostasis in mice through altered adrenal tone. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29688. [PMID: 22253759 PMCID: PMC3258240 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptors comprise one of the most conserved components of the innate immune system, signaling the presence of molecules of microbial origin. It has been proposed that signaling through TLR4, which requires CD14 to recognize bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), may generate low-grade inflammation and thereby affect insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. To examine the long-term influence of partial innate immune signaling disruption on glucose homeostasis, we analyzed knockout mice deficient in CD14 backcrossed into the diabetes-prone C57BL6 background at 6 or 12 months of age. CD14-ko mice, fed either normal or high-fat diets, displayed significant glucose intolerance compared to wild type controls. They also displayed elevated norepinephrine urinary excretion and increased adrenal medullary volume, as well as an enhanced norepinephrine secretory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. These results point out a previously unappreciated crosstalk between innate immune- and sympathoadrenal- systems, which exerts a major long-term effect on glucose homeostasis.
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Prieto L, Castro D, Esteban M, Salinas J, Jimenez M, Mora A. [Descriptive epidemiological study of the diagnosis of detrusor overactivity in urodynamic units in Spain]. Actas Urol Esp 2012; 36:21-8. [PMID: 21917357 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To know the relative weight of the diagnosis of detrusor overactivity (DO) in the Urodynamic Units of Spain and relate the prevalence of the overactive bladder (OB) syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHOD An epidemiological, descriptive, retrospective, multicenter, national study conducted according to registered data in 47 Urodynamic Units covering the Spanish geographic area in the different areas of health distributed among the regional communities. These data inform about the health care received by 35% of the Spanish population. Urodynamic diagnoses and related variables, recorded during 2007 and 2008, were collected. RESULTS A mean of 346.45 (SD=304.03) and 349.72 (SD=296.49) urodynamics studies per care unit were performed in women during 2007 and 2008, respectively and 181.20 (SD=212.71) and 195.68 (SD=257.58) in men. The relative weight of the diagnosis of non-neurogenic DO in women per unit was 31.39% and 35.28%, in 2007 and 2008, and in men was 21.06% and 20.43%. The diagnostic capacity of DO was 19.28 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year. The diagnosis of non-neurogenic DO in the woman accounts for one third of all the urodynamic/year diagnoses and more than half of the diagnoses of DO. In men, DO accounts for 25% of the diagnoses, the most frequent one being that associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia, followed by that of neurogenic cause. Approximately half of the DO diagnoses in children correspond to non-neurogenic DO. CONCLUSIONS The differences between the capacity of diagnosis of DO (ratio per 100,000 inhabitants) is far from many of the estimations of the prevalence of OB (relationship %). The doubt may exist about whether part of this quota is secondary and not-idiopathic, given the large difference between the frequency of OB and the capacity of diagnosis of DO.
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Blanco J, Mora A, Mamani R, Lopez C, Blanco M, Dahbi G, Herrera A, Blanco JE, Alonso MP, Garcia-Garrote F, Chaves F, Orellana MA, Martinez-Martinez L, Calvo J, Prats G, Larrosa MN, Gonzalez-Lopez JJ, Lopez-Cerero L, Rodriguez-Bano J, Pascual A. National survey of Escherichia coli causing extraintestinal infections reveals the spread of drug-resistant clonal groups O25b:H4-B2-ST131, O15:H1-D-ST393 and CGA-D-ST69 with high virulence gene content in Spain. J Antimicrob Chemother 2011; 66:2011-21. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Mora A, Brémond-Gignac D, Jany B, Sevestre H, Milazzo S. [Corneal tumor secondary to trichiasis]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2011; 34:303-8. [PMID: 21531478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2010.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A rare lesion of secondary amyloidosis of the cornea caused by trichiasis is reported. A 33-year-old Asian woman presented with progressive decrease of visual acuity of the right eye evolving over several years, combined with the growth of a lower budding, gelatinous, pink corneal mass located next to an inferior lid trichiasis. The treatment consisted of eyelid surgery for trichiasis, followed by ablation of the corneal lesion by anterior keratectomy. After 14 months of follow-up, no recurrence was observed. Visual acuity is 9/10 P3 without correction. Pathological examination of the mass revealed secondary corneal amyloidosis, AL type (light chains), rarely reported in the literature (18 cases). No other organ involvement by amyloidosis was identified. Corneal amyloidosis is a rare complication of trichiasis. To avoid recurrence, this anomaly should be recognized as the cause and should be treated prior to removal of the corneal lesion.
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Hoorn C, Wesselingh FP, Steege HT, Bermudez MA, Mora A, Sevink J, Sanmartin I, Sanchez-Meseguer A, Anderson CL, Figueiredo JP, Jaramillo C, Riff D, Negri FR, Hooghiemstra H, Lundberg J, Stadler T, Sarkinen T, Antonelli A. Origins of Biodiversity--Response. Science 2011. [DOI: 10.1126/science.331.6016.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Hoorn C, Wesselingh FP, ter Steege H, Bermudez MA, Mora A, Sevink J, Sanmartín I, Sanchez-Meseguer A, Anderson CL, Figueiredo JP, Jaramillo C, Riff D, Negri FR, Hooghiemstra H, Lundberg J, Stadler T, Särkinen T, Antonelli A. Amazonia through time: Andean uplift, climate change, landscape evolution, and biodiversity. Science 2010; 330:927-31. [PMID: 21071659 DOI: 10.1126/science.1194585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 821] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Amazonian rainforest is arguably the most species-rich terrestrial ecosystem in the world, yet the timing of the origin and evolutionary causes of this diversity are a matter of debate. We review the geologic and phylogenetic evidence from Amazonia and compare it with uplift records from the Andes. This uplift and its effect on regional climate fundamentally changed the Amazonian landscape by reconfiguring drainage patterns and creating a vast influx of sediments into the basin. On this "Andean" substrate, a region-wide edaphic mosaic developed that became extremely rich in species, particularly in Western Amazonia. We show that Andean uplift was crucial for the evolution of Amazonian landscapes and ecosystems, and that current biodiversity patterns are rooted deep in the pre-Quaternary.
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Sánchez S, Martínez R, García A, Benítez J, Blanco J, Blanco J, Blanco M, Dahbi G, López C, Mora A, Alonso J, Rey J. Variation in the prevalence of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in four sheep flocks during a 12-month longitudinal study. Small Rumin Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sánchez S, Martínez R, García A, Vidal D, Blanco J, Blanco M, Blanco J, Mora A, Herrera-León S, Echeita A, Alonso J, Rey J. Detection and characterisation of O157:H7 and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in wild boars. Vet Microbiol 2010; 143:420-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sánchez S, Martínez R, Rey J, García A, Blanco J, Blanco M, Blanco J, Mora A, Herrera-León S, Echeita A, Alonso J. Pheno-genotypic characterisation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates from domestic and wild ruminants. Vet Microbiol 2010; 142:445-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sabio G, Cavanagh-Kyros J, Barrett T, Jung DY, Ko HJ, Ong H, Morel C, Mora A, Reilly J, Kim JK, Davis RJ. Role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in metabolic regulation by JNK1. Genes Dev 2010; 24:256-64. [PMID: 20080940 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1878510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The cJun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) is implicated in diet-induced obesity. Indeed, germline ablation of the murine Jnk1 gene prevents diet-induced obesity. Here we demonstrate that selective deficiency of JNK1 in the murine nervous system is sufficient to suppress diet-induced obesity. The failure to increase body mass is mediated, in part, by increased energy expenditure that is associated with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. Disruption of thyroid hormone function prevents the effects of nervous system JNK1 deficiency on body mass. These data demonstrate that the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis represents an important target of metabolic signaling by JNK1.
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Molina-Garrido MJ, Guillén-Ponce C, Mora A, Ascuña E, Carrato A. [Multiple hepatic lesions suggestive of metastases in a patient with colorectal cancer]. Rev Clin Esp 2009; 209:309-10. [PMID: 19635255 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2565(09)71479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Lanzini A, Lanzarotto F, Villanacci V, Mora A, Bertolazzi S, Turini D, Carella G, Malagoli A, Ferrante G, Cesana BM, Ricci C. Complete recovery of intestinal mucosa occurs very rarely in adult coeliac patients despite adherence to gluten-free diet. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29:1299-308. [PMID: 19302264 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.03992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expected benefits of gluten-free diet (GFD) in coeliac patients include healing of small intestinal mucosa, but it remains unclear to what extent this benefit is achieved in adults. AIM To assess factors affecting histological outcome of GFD in a large cohort of adult coeliac patients. METHODS We extracted information on 465 consecutive coeliac patients studied before and during GFD. RESULTS Duodenal biopsies at diagnosis were classified as Marsh I in 11, II in 25 and III in 429 cases. After a median 16 months GFD, 38 (8%) patients had histological 'normalization', 300 (65%) had 'remission' with persistent intraepithelial lymphocytosis, 121(26%) had 'no change' and 6 (1%) had 'deterioration'. Coeliac disease related serology was negative in 83% of patients with Marsh III lesion during GFD. Male gender and adherence to GFD were independently associated with histological 'normalization' and 'remission'. Persistence of intraepithelial lymphocytosis was not associated with human lymphocyte antigen gene dose or with Helicobacter pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS Complete normalization of duodenal lesions is exceptionally rare in adult coeliac patients despite adherence to GFD, symptoms disappearance and negative CD related serology. Control biopsies are mandatory to identify lack of response to gluten-free diet.
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Sánchez S, García-Sánchez A, Martínez R, Blanco J, Blanco J, Blanco M, Dahbi G, Mora A, Hermoso de Mendoza J, Alonso J, Rey J. Detection and characterisation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli other than Escherichia coli O157:H7 in wild ruminants. Vet J 2009; 180:384-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Agla K, Bouyahiaoui L, Mora A, Touboul J, Thomas F, Milazzo S. 655 Rétinopathie de Purtscher unilatérale au décours d’un traumatisme thoracique. J Fr Ophtalmol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(09)73779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Balaguer L, Romano J, Mora A. A poorly-differentiated squamous cell thymoma in a chicken with lymphoma. Avian Pathol 2009; 24:737-41. [PMID: 18645830 DOI: 10.1080/03079459508419113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Thymic carcinomas are rare in birds. A poorly-differentiated squamous cell thymoma was found in a chicken in association with a lymphoma caused by Marek's disease. Immunohistochemical techniques with different tumour markers were applied in order to determine the histogenesis of the thymic tumour cells. A positive immunoreaction of the tumour cells to cytokeratin, considered a specific marker for epithelial tumours, confirmed the diagnosis of a thymoma.
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43
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Sabio G, Das M, Mora A, Zhang Z, Jun JY, Ko HJ, Barrett T, Kim JK, Davis RJ. A stress signaling pathway in adipose tissue regulates hepatic insulin resistance. Science 2008; 322:1539-43. [PMID: 19056984 DOI: 10.1126/science.1160794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A high-fat diet causes activation of the regulatory protein c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) and triggers development of insulin resistance. JNK1 is therefore a potential target for therapeutic treatment of metabolic syndrome. We explored the mechanism of JNK1 signaling by engineering mice in which the Jnk1 gene was ablated selectively in adipose tissue. JNK1 deficiency in adipose tissue suppressed high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in the liver. JNK1-dependent secretion of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 by adipose tissue caused increased expression of liver SOCS3, a protein that induces hepatic insulin resistance. Thus, JNK1 activation in adipose tissue can cause insulin resistance in the liver.
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Palominos RA, Mora A, Mondaca MA, Pérez-Moya M, Mansilla HD. Oxolinic acid photo-oxidation using immobilized TiO(2). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2008; 158:460-464. [PMID: 18400380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2007] [Revised: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the photocatalysed oxidation of the antibiotic oxolinic acid (OA) in an annular reactor operated with immobilized TiO(2) on sintered glass cylinders (SGC). Experiments were carried out in 1l solution of OA (18 mg l(-1)) at pH 9 with oxygen bubbling. Irradiation was performed with black light (36 W). The reaction was monitored by COD, TOC and average oxidation state (AOS) calculations. The antibacterial activity of intermediates was followed using the inhibition halo technique on Escherichia coli cultures. The initial antibiotic concentration decreases in one order of magnitude after 60 min irradiation, and was completely eliminated at 100 min reaction. The TOC was reduced in 54% and the AOS reach values around +3 indicating the formation of low molecular weight carboxylic acids. The oxidation reaction fit well with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model indicating the dependence of reaction rate with initial adsorption step. The antibacterial activity of the solution decreases with antibiotic removal, demonstrating that intermediates do not present antibiotic activity.
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Orden JA, Cortés C, Horcajo P, De la Fuente R, Blanco JE, Mora A, López C, Blanco J, Contreras A, Sánchez A, Corrales JC, Domínguez-Bernal G. A longitudinal study of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in two dairy goat herds. Vet Microbiol 2008; 132:428-34. [PMID: 18603384 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 05/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A longitudinal study was conducted on two dairy farms to investigate the pattern of shedding of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in goats. Faecal samples were taken from 20 goat kids once weekly during the first 4 weeks of life and then once every month for the next 5 months of life, and from 18 replacement animals and 15 adults once every month for 12 months. The proportion of samples containing VTEC was higher for replacement animals and adults (85.7% and 78.7%, respectively) than for goat kids (25.4%). About 90% of the VTEC colonies isolated from healthy goats belonged to five serogroups (O33, O76, O126, O146 and O166) but the most frequent serogroups of these isolates, except one, were different in the two herds studied. E. coli O157:H7 was found in three goat kids on only one occasion. None of the VTEC isolates, except the three E. coli O157:H7 isolates, was eae-positive. The patterns of shedding of VTEC in goat kids were variable, but, in contrast, most of the replacement animals and adults were persistent VTEC shedders. Our results show that isolates of VTEC O33, O76, O126, O146 and O166 are adapted for colonising the intestine of goats but that, in contrast, infection with VTEC O157:H7 in goats seems to be transient.
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Molina-Garrido MJ, Mora A, Guillén-Ponce C, Guirado-Risueño M, Molina MJ, Molina MA, Carrato A. [Systemic mastocytosis: systematic review]. ANALES DE MEDICINA INTERNA (MADRID, SPAIN : 1984) 2008; 25:134-40. [PMID: 18560682 DOI: 10.4321/s0212-71992008000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a hematologic malignance characterized by an abnormal proliferation of mastocytes. In a consensus classification in 2001, it was distinguished between matters limited to skin and systemic matters (70% of osseous involvement and 50% of hepatomegaly). The most typical symptoms are skin lesions and systemic manifestations due to mediators secreted by tumoral cells. They are useful chemotherapy to reduce the tumoral burden and antihistaminic to control systemic manifestations. Interferon is useful in most of systemic and local manifestations, and it is recommended to use prednisona before the use of this medication.
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Molina-Garrido MJ, Guillén-Ponce C, Mora A, Guirado-Risueño M, Molina MA, Molina MJ, Carrato A. Deposition-associated diseases related with a monoclonal compound. Clin Transl Oncol 2007; 9:777-83. [PMID: 18158981 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-007-0139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Up to 3% of adults over 50 years of age show a monoclonal peak values in blood or urine. Findings and prognosis will be distinct in view of the nature of this factor. In B-cell neoplasias (multiple myeloma, Waldeström macroglobulinaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma) the clinical pattern is dominated by the systemic effects produced by the expansion of the malign clone; the monoclonal protein may result in hyperviscosity syndrome or renal damage. On the other hand, there are other less frequent processes called diseases associated to monoclonal components, where the main clinical manifestations and prognosis depend of the biological effects of the monoclonal protein. With reference to this last group, which is the objective of this revision, no bone lesions, anaemia or a greater tendency to infections usually occur when compared with the first group. Even so, there are some cases of interposition between both groups: for instance, type IgM immunoglobulin present in Waldeström macroglobulinaemia may have cold agglutinin activity, and in the case of multiple myeloma, the clone may secrete amyloidogenic light chains.
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Molina Garrido MJ, Guillén Ponce C, Guirado Risueño M, Mora A, Carrato A. [Pluriglandular autoimmune syndrome. Systematic review]. ANALES DE MEDICINA INTERNA (MADRID, SPAIN : 1984) 2007; 24:445-452. [PMID: 18198955 DOI: 10.4321/s0212-71992007000900009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
There are a lot of autoimmune syndromes with glandular disfunction which are associated to another diseases. Sometimes, these processes are associated to similar cases in the same family. Autoimmune polyglandular syndromes are characterized by the coexistence of two or more endocrine insufficiencies due to an autoimmune mechanism: the activity of autoantibodies or T activated lymphocytes against organs or endocrine glands. In this report, they have been described the main autoimmune syndromes, the diagnostic methods and the mechanisms which take a role in their origin.
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Vu-Khac H, Holoda E, Pilipcinec E, Blanco M, Blanco JE, Dahbi G, Mora A, López C, González EA, Blanco J. Serotypes, virulence genes, intimin types and PFGE profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with diarrhoea in Slovakia. Vet J 2007; 174:176-87. [PMID: 16956777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2005] [Revised: 04/04/2006] [Accepted: 05/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred and fifty Escherichia coli isolates from diarrhoeic and healthy piglets were serotyped and tested for the presence of virulence genes for fimbriae, intimin, heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (STa and STb) enterotoxins, Stx toxins, and enteroaggregative heat-stable 1 (EAST1) enterotoxin by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Although 220 isolates from diarrhoeic piglets belonged to 43 O serogroups and 77 O:H serotypes, 60% were of one of the 10 serogroups O2, O8, O15, O54, O84, O101, O141, O147, O149 and O157, and 60% belonged to only 10 serotypes (O8:H-, O54:H-, O84:H7, O101:H-, O141:H-, O141:H4, O147:H-, O149:H10, O163:H-, and ONT:H-). PCR showed that 79% of 220 isolates carried genes for at least one of the virulence factors tested. The gene encoding for EAST1 was the most prevalent (65%) followed by those encoding for STb (49%), LT (42%), STa (13%), and Stx2e (4%). Eighty-three (38%) of the 220 E. coli isolates carried the gene for F4 (K88), whereas genes for F18, F5 (K99), F41, F6 (P987), F17, and intimin (eae) were detected in 9%, 3%, 3%, 3%, 1%, and 3%, respectively. Seropathotype O149:H10:F4:LT/STb/EAST1 (70 isolates) was the most common, representing 32% of isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis with XbaI of 15 O149:H10 representative isolates from diarrhoeic piglets distinguished 14 types. The 15 isolates exhibited a wide variability of distinct restriction patterns though all belonged to the same serotype (O149:H10), and all but one showed identical virulence determinants (F4, LT, STb, and EAST1). Among 30 isolates from healthy piglets only two virulence genes were detected: EAST1 (26%) and eae (17%). In total, 12 isolates were positives for the eae gene: five isolates had intimin beta1, four possessed intimin theta and three showed intimin type xiB. This is believed to be the first study describing the presence of intimin type xiB in E. coli of porcine origin.
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Aidar-Ugrinovich L, Blanco J, Blanco M, Blanco JE, Leomil L, Dahbi G, Mora A, Onuma DL, Silveira WD, Pestana de Castro AF. Serotypes, virulence genes, and intimin types of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolated from calves in São Paulo, Brazil. Int J Food Microbiol 2007; 115:297-306. [PMID: 17292501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2006.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2005] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), is the most important recently emerged group of foodborne pathogens. Ruminants, especially cattle, have been implicated as a principal reservoir of STEC, undercooked ground beef and raw milk being the major vehicles of foodborne outbreaks. Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains are defined as eae-harboring diarrheagenic E. coli that possess the ability to form A/E lesions on intestinal cells and that do not possess Shiga toxin genes. In order to determine the occurrence, serotypes and virulence markers of STEC and EPEC strains, 546 fecal samples from 264 diarrheic calves and 282 healthy calves in beef farms in São Paulo, Brazil, were screened by PCR. STEC and EPEC were isolated in 10% and 2.7% of the 546 animals, respectively. Although IMS test was used, the STEC serotype O157:H7 was not detected. The most frequent serotypes among STEC strains were O7:H10, O22:H16, O111:H(-), O119:H(-) and O174:H21, whereas O26:H11, O123:H11 and O177:H11 were the most prevalent among EPEC strains. In this study, serotypes not previously reported were found among STEC strains: O7:H7, O7:H10, O48:H7, O111:H19, O123:H2, O132:H51, O173:H(-), and O175:H49. The eae gene was detected in 25% of the STEC and 100% of EPEC strains. The intimin type theta/gamma2 was the most frequent among STEC, whereas the intimin beta1 was the most frequent intimin type among EPEC strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of the new intimin muB in one strain of animal origin. This new intimin was detected in one atypical EPEC strain of serotype O123:H? isolated from diarrheic cattle. The enterohemolysin (ehxA) was detected in 51% of the STEC and 80% of the EPEC strains, whereas STEC autoagglutinating adhesin (saa) virulence gene was detected only in those STEC strains negative for eae gene. All 15 bovine EPEC strains isolated in this study were negative for both eaf and bfp genes. Our data shows that in Brazil cattle are not only a reservoir of STEC and atypical EPEC, but also a potential source of infection in humans, since the important STEC serotypes previously described and associated with severe diseases in humans, such as O111:H(-), O113:H21, O118:H16, and O174:H21 were isolated.
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