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Zhu A, Bews H, Cheung D, Nagalingam R, Mittal I, Goyal V, Asselin C, Kirkpatrick I, Czubryt M, Jassal D. SCLERAXIS AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER OF MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (SPARC) STUDY. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mauri G, Kanter K, Fish M, Horick N, Allen J, Blaszkowsky L, Clark J, Ryan D, Nipp R, Giantonio B, Goyal L, Dubois J, Murphy J, Roeland E, Weekes C, Wo J, Hong T, Zhu A, Van Seventer E, Corcoran R, Parikh A. PARP-ness in metastatic colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz156.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Meyer T, Finn R, Kudo M, Kang Y, Yen C, Galle P, Llovet J, Assenat E, Brandi G, Motomura K, Okusaka T, Hubner R, Karwal M, Baron A, Ikeda M, Liang K, Wang C, Widau R, Schelman W, Zhu A. Ramucirumab in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and elevated alpha-fetoprotein following sorafenib: outcomes by prior transarterial chemoembolisation from two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies (REACH-2 and REACH). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz154.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rimassa L, Cheng A, Braiteh F, Benzaghou F, Hazra S, Borgman A, Sinha R, Kayali Z, Zhu A, Kelley R. Phase 3 (COSMIC-312) study of cabozantinib in combination with atezolizumab vs sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) who have not received previous systemic anticancer therapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Parikh A, Kanter K, Mojtahed A, Schneider J, Van Seventer E, Fish M, Allen J, Blaszkowsky L, Wo J, Clark J, Giantonio B, Goyal L, Hong T, Nipp R, Roeland E, Weekes C, Zhu A, Ryan D, Fetter I, Horick N, Corcoran R. Serial circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring to predict response to treatment in metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz156.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Parikh A, Clark J, Wo J, Yeap B, Allen J, Blaszkowsky L, Ryan D, Giantonio B, Weekes C, Zhu A, Van Seventer E, Ly L, Matlack L, Foreman B, Drapek L, Ting D, Corcoran R, Hong T. Proof of concept of the abscopal effect in MSS GI cancers: A phase 2 study of ipilimumab and nivolumab with radiation in metastatic pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz154.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Zhao H, He Y, Li H, Zhu A, Ye Y, Liu G, Zhao C, Zhang X. The opposite role of alternatively spliced isoforms of LINC00477 in gastric cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:4569-4576. [PMID: 31191018 PMCID: PMC6529032 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s202430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aberrant transcript alternative splicing is an important regulatory process closely connected with oncogenesis. Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the phenotype and function of a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00477 in gastric cancer. Patients and methods: The gastric cancer samples of 140 from Oncomine database and 17 from our own hospital, as well as three gastric cancer cell lines MKN-45, AGS and KATO III were used in this study. The expression of the spliced isoforms of LINC00477 were tested. The tumor effects of LINC00477 on gastric cancer were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism of LINC00477 interacted with aconitase 1 (ACO1) was further examined by RIP and pull down assay. Results: The overall expression of LINC00477 was reduced in gastric cancers compared to normal gastric tissues. The isoform 1 of LINC00477 was down-regulated while the isoform 2 was up-regulated in gastric cancer cells. The opposite role of isoforms 1 and 2 in the proliferation and migration of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo was observed. Furthermore, isoform 1 of LINC00477 was determined to interact with ACO1 and suppress the conversion ability from citrate to isocitrate by ACO1. Conclusion: we presented the important roles of the spliced isoforms of long noncoding RNA, LINC00477 in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Hu N, Li M, Zhu A, Du F, Yuan P. Abstract P5-12-13: Changing level of serum heat shock protein 90 alpha as a diagnostic and predictive marker in breast cancer: Diagnosis of early breast cancer and prediction of response to neo-adjuvant and surgical therapy. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-12-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To analyze the correlation of the level of serum heat shock protein 90α (HSP-90α) in healthy and breast cancer patients, studying the evaluation of neoadjuvant efficacy and Clinical value of relapse monitoring.
A total of 102 healthy women were selected, 51 cases of breast benign tumor ,423 cases of female breast cancer all diagnosed by pathology,other system malignancies 62 cases. ALL the serum samples HSP-90αwas detected by double-antibody ELISA. The CEA, CA125,CA15-3 were detected by Roche Cobas ECL analyzer. The ROC curve was used to analyze the effectiveness of serum HSP-90α in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. The dynamic changes of HSP-90αlevel before and after treatment were analyzed by Wilcoxon's rank test. Moreover, we also combine the HSP-90αwith CEA,CA125,CA15-3 to evaluate the clinical value of monitoring the recurrence of breast cancer.
The levels of serum HSP-90α (123.49 ± 105.1ng / ml) in breast cancer patients wes significantly higher than that in healthy controls (40.33 ± 14.18ng / ml), benign breast disease (80.15 ± 103.09ng / ml) and carcinoma in situ (34.7 ± (114.31 ± 146.91ng / ml),the difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). .According to the ROC curve analysis of patients and healthy subjects, the cut-offvalue was set as HSP-90=59.7ng / ml, AUC=0.834, the sensitivity and specificity to diagnosis of breast cancer was 90.3% and 78.6% respectively ,the negative predictive value was 93.88%.The levels of serum HSP-90α was significantly decreased (P <0.05) after tumor resection and the patients who obtain PR from the neoadjuvant chemotherapy. When HSP-90=43.22ng / ml was set as the cut-off value for diagnosing the recurrence of breast cancer, AUC=0.877,the sensitivity and specificity were 95.7% and 74.5% respectively, and the negative predictive value was 96.2%. At the same time, we find that combined HSP-90α with CEA, CA125, CA15-3 can improve the accuracy of recurrence prediction.
Serum HSP-90α has a good clinical diagnostic value in breast cancer and can be used as a recurrence monitoring tool for post-adjuvant treatment patients.
Citation Format: Hu N, Li M, Zhu A, Du F, Yuan P. Changing level of serum heat shock protein 90 alpha as a diagnostic and predictive marker in breast cancer: Diagnosis of early breast cancer and prediction of response to neo-adjuvant and surgical therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-13.
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Zhu A, Yuan P, Wang J, Fan Y, Luo Y, Cai R, Zhang P, Li Q, Ma F, Xu B. Abstract P2-10-01: Phase II study of antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor apatinib in combination with oral vinorelbine in heavily pretreated HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-10-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer remains an incurable disease, and clinical benefit and progression-free survival are the main end points in advanced setting. Targeted therapies have shown promising potentials in HER2-positive breast cancer, but with uncertain effects in HER2-negative breast cancer, especially when the disease is progressing rapidly. The regimen of antiangiogenic therapy in combination with chemotherapy had been studied for years and gained improved efficacy. Apatinib is an oral, highly potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. PhaseIIclinical trials of Apatinib single agent had presented objective response and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated, metastatic breast cancer. Oral vinorelbine represents a good choice for its toxicity and activity in anthracycline and taxane-pretreated breast cancer patients. This all-oral study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of the oral vinorelbine-apatinib combination in pre-treated metastatic breast cancer. Methods: This study enrolled patients with HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, pretreated with anthracycline/taxanes, and who failed in the metastatic setting at least one prior chemotherapy or endocrine therapy when hormone receptor is positive. Patients were treated with apatinib 500mg/425mg daily plus oral vinorelbine 60mg/m2 day1,8,15 every 3 weeks/cycle. Patients eligible were evaluated by CT or MRI scan at baseline and every 2 cycles (6 weeks) there after until disease progressed. The primary endpoint wasPFS. The secondary endpoints were objective response rate, clinical benefit rate, OS, and safety. Results: 40 patients were enrolled with a median age of 55 (30-70) years. First 17 patients started apatinib at the dose of 500mg/day. Considering safety issues, a lower dose of apatinib 425mg/day was subsequently started as the initial dose after these 17 patients recruited. 26(65.0%) patients experienced treatment delay and 20(50.0%) patients experienced dose modification during treatment. Median follow-up time was 10.3 months. Of all 40 patients, median PFS was 5.4 months (95% CI, 3.4m–7.3m). Median OS was not reached. 32 patients were eligible for efficacy analysis. ORR was 15.6% (5/32). CBR was 46.9% (15/32). Patients with triple-negative breast cancer or who received combined therapy as second line treatment gained better ORR and longer median PFS. The most common adverse events of all grades included gastrointestinal reaction (70.0%), myelosuppression (67.5%), hypertension(62.5%), pain(60.0%), malaise(52.5%), anorexia(50.0%), elevated transaminase(47.5%), hand-foot reaction (47.5%), proteinuria (37.5%), and elevated bilirubin(32.5%). Proteinuria, treatment delay, and ECOG performance status were independent predictive factors for PFS.Conclusions: The all-oral therapy of antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor apatinib plus vinorelbine presented objective efficacy in advanced HER2-negative breast cancer who failed from first-line therapy, with acceptable and manageable toxicity.
Citation Format: Zhu A, Yuan P, Wang J, Fan Y, Luo Y, Cai R, Zhang P, Li Q, Ma F, Xu B. Phase II study of antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor apatinib in combination with oral vinorelbine in heavily pretreated HER2-negative advanced breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-10-01.
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Tran B, Meric-Bernstam F, Arkenau HT, Bahleda R, Kelley R, Hierro C, Ahn D, Zhu A, Javle M, Winkler R, He H, Huang J, Goyal L. Efficacy of TAS-120, an irreversible fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitor (FGFRi), in patients with cholangiocarcinoma and FGFR pathway alterations previously treated with chemotherapy and other FGFRi’s. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy432.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Qin S, Cheng AL, Ducreux M, Galle P, Zhu A, Kim TY, Xu DZ, Verret W, Liu J, Finn R, Ikeda M. IMbrave150: A randomised phase III study of atezolizumab + bevacizumab vs sorafenib in locally advanced or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy432.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kang YK, Kudo M, Lim HY, Hsu CH, Vogel A, Brandi G, Cheng R, Carton I, Abada P, Hsu Y, Zhu A, Yen CJ. Efficacy and safety of ramucirumab (RAM) in Asian and non-Asian patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): Subgroup analysis from two randomized studies. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy432.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jia C, Yang T, Liu Y, Zhu A, Yin F, Wang Y, Xu L, Wang Y, Yan M, Cai Q, Liang X, Ju R, Chen J, Wang L. A Novel Human Papillomavirus 16 L1 Pentamer-Loaded Hybrid Particles Vaccine System: Influence of Size on Immune Responses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:35745-35759. [PMID: 30360122 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains the second-most prevalent female malignancy around the world, leading to a great majority of cancer-related mortality that occurs mainly in developing countries. Developing an effective and low-cost vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially in medically underfunded areas, is urgent. Compared with vaccines based on HPV L1 viruslike particles (VLPs) in the market, recombinant HPV L1 pentamer expressed in Escherichia coli represents a promising and potentially cost-effective vaccine for preventing HPV infection. Hybrid particles comprising a polymer core and lipid shell have shown great potential compared to conventional aluminum salts adjuvant and is urgently needed for HPV L1 pentamer vaccines. It is well-reported that particle sizes are crucial in regulating immune responses. Nevertheless, reports on the relationship between the particulate size and the resultant immune response have been in conflict, and there is no answer to how the size of particles regulates specific immune response for HPV L1 pentamer-based candidate vaccines. Here, we fabricated HPV 16 L1 pentamer-loaded poly(d,l-lactide- co-glycolide) (PLGA)/lecithin hybrid particles with uniform sizes (0.3, 1, and 3 μm) and investigated the particle size effects on antigen release, activation of lymphocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) activation and maturation, follicular helper CD4+ T (TFH) cells differentiation, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Compared with the other particle sizes, 1 μm particles induced more powerful antibody protection and yielded more persistent antibody responses, as well as more heightened anamnestic responses upon repeat vaccination. The superior immune responses might be attributed to sustainable antigen release and robust antigen uptake and transport and then further promoted a series of cascade reactions, including enhanced DCs maturation, increased lymphocytes activation, and augmented TFH cells differentiation in draining lymph nodes (DLNs). Here, a powerful and economical platform for HPV vaccine and a comprehensive understanding of particle size effect on immune responses for HPV L1 pentamer-based candidate vaccines are provided.
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Zhu A, Finn R, Galle P, Llovet J, Blanc JF, Okusaka T, Chau I, Abada P, Hsu Y, Kudo M. Ramucirumab as second-line treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) following first-line sorafenib: Pooled efficacy and safety across two global randomized Phase 3 studies (REACH-2 and REACH). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Meric-Bernstam F, Arkenau H, Tran B, Bahleda R, Kelley R, Hierro C, Ahn D, Zhu A, Javle M, Winkler R, He H, Huang J, Goyal L. Efficacy of TAS-120, an irreversible fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitor, in cholangiocarcinoma patients with FGFR pathway alterations who were previously treated with chemotherapy and other FGFR inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lee C, Li S, Tran D, Zhu A, Kim J, Kwong B, Chang A. 526 Association of tumor response to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and type of dermatitis that arises after the immunotherapy. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wehrenberg-Klee E, Arellano R, Uppot R, Zurkiya O, Mueller P, Zhu A, Vagefi P, Ganguli S. 3:36 PM Abstract No. 175 Comparison of safety and efficacy of microwave ablation vs. radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Makris N, Zhu A, Papadimitriou GM, Mouradian P, Ng I, Scaccianoce E, Baselli G, Baglio F, Shenton ME, Rathi Y, Dickerson B, Yeterian E, Kubicki M. Mapping temporo-parietal and temporo-occipital cortico-cortical connections of the human middle longitudinal fascicle in subject-specific, probabilistic, and stereotaxic Talairach spaces. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 11:1258-1277. [PMID: 27714552 PMCID: PMC5382125 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9589-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Originally, the middle longitudinal fascicle (MdLF) was defined as a long association fiber tract connecting the superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole with the angular gyrus. More recently its description has been expanded to include all long postrolandic cortico-cortical association connections of the superior temporal gyrus and dorsal temporal pole with the parietal and occipital lobes. Despite its location and size, which makes MdLF one of the most prominent cerebral association fiber tracts, its discovery in humans is recent. Given the absence of a gold standard in humans for this fiber tract, its precise and complete connectivity remains to be determined with certainty. In this study using high angular resolution diffusion MRI (HARDI), we delineated for the first time, six major fiber connections of the human MdLF, four of which are temporo-parietal and two temporo-occipital, by examining morphology, topography, cortical connections, biophysical measures, volume and length in seventy brains. Considering the cortical affiliations of the different connections of MdLF we suggested that this fiber tract may be related to language, attention and integrative higher level visual and auditory processing associated functions. Furthermore, given the extensive connectivity provided to superior temporal gyrus and temporal pole with the parietal and occipital lobes, MdLF may be involved in several neurological and psychiatric conditions such as primary progressive aphasia and other aphasic syndromes, some forms of behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, atypical forms of Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal degeneration, schizophrenia as well as attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder and neglect disorders.
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Wu Z, Liu Y, Zhu A, Wu S, Nakanishi H. Brazilian green propolis suppresses microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-kB activation. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kim R, Sarker D, Macarulla T, Yau T, Choo S, Meyer T, Hollebecque A, Whisenant J, Sung M, Yoon JH, Lim H, Zhu A, Park JW, Faivre S, Mazzaferro V, Shi H, Schmidt-Kittler O, Clifford C, Wolf B, Kang YK. Phase 1 safety and clinical activity of BLU-554 in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Desai J, Millward M, Chao Y, Gan H, Voskoboynik M, Markman B, Townsend A, Atkinson V, Zhu A, Song J, Qi Q, Kang A, Deva S. Preliminary results from subsets of patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (GC) and esophageal carcinoma (EC) in a dose-escalation/expansion study of BGB-A317, an anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx367.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shinohara RT, Oh J, Nair G, Calabresi PA, Davatzikos C, Doshi J, Henry RG, Kim G, Linn KA, Papinutto N, Pelletier D, Pham DL, Reich DS, Rooney W, Roy S, Stern W, Tummala S, Yousuf F, Zhu A, Sicotte NL, Bakshi R. Volumetric Analysis from a Harmonized Multisite Brain MRI Study of a Single Subject with Multiple Sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1501-1509. [PMID: 28642263 PMCID: PMC5557658 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE MR imaging can be used to measure structural changes in the brains of individuals with multiple sclerosis and is essential for diagnosis, longitudinal monitoring, and therapy evaluation. The North American Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Cooperative steering committee developed a uniform high-resolution 3T MR imaging protocol relevant to the quantification of cerebral lesions and atrophy and implemented it at 7 sites across the United States. To assess intersite variability in scan data, we imaged a volunteer with relapsing-remitting MS with a scan-rescan at each site. MATERIALS AND METHODS All imaging was acquired on Siemens scanners (4 Skyra, 2 Tim Trio, and 1 Verio). Expert segmentations were manually obtained for T1-hypointense and T2 (FLAIR) hyperintense lesions. Several automated lesion-detection and whole-brain, cortical, and deep gray matter volumetric pipelines were applied. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess variability across sites, as well as systematic biases in the volumetric measurements that were site-related. RESULTS Systematic biases due to site differences in expert-traced lesion measurements were significant (P < .01 for both T1 and T2 lesion volumes), with site explaining >90% of the variation (range, 13.0-16.4 mL in T1 and 15.9-20.1 mL in T2) in lesion volumes. Site also explained >80% of the variation in most automated volumetric measurements. Output measures clustered according to scanner models, with similar results from the Skyra versus the other 2 units. CONCLUSIONS Even in multicenter studies with consistent scanner field strength and manufacturer after protocol harmonization, systematic differences can lead to severe biases in volumetric analyses.
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Zhao Y, Zhu A, Tang J, Tang C, Chen J. Identification and measurement of staphylococcal enterotoxin M from Staphylococcus aureus isolate associated with staphylococcal food poisoning. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 65:27-34. [PMID: 28444877 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus produces a wide variety of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs, SEA to SEX), which are responsible for staphylococcal food poisoning. This study is aimed to establish a system to detect staphylococcal enterotoxin M (SEM) protein in food matrixes. In the present study, sem gene was characterized in a S. aureus isolate H4 associated with food poisoning. The amino acid sequence of the deduced SEM protein was same as that of previously identified SEM from S. aureus 04-02981. Subsequently, mature SEM protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified with a Ni-NTA spin column. The polyclonal and monoclonal antibody against it were prepared. Using these antibodies, a highly sensitive, specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system was developed capable of detecting SEM in milk, meat and rice. Cross-reactivity with SEB, SEI and SEK in this method was insignificant. Quantification of SEM secretion in vitro using this novel capture ELISA revealed that SEM was mainly secreted during the transition from the exponential to the stationary phase. Furthermore, sem gene and SEM protein production were screened by PCR and the developed ELISA system. The results indicated that there were two SEM+ strains of 19 S. aureus isolates originating in cold dishes and humans suffering from food poisoning. The investigations make it possible to assess SEM in food hygiene supervision in near future. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) are the main causative agents of staphylococcal food poisoning. Unlike classical SEs (SEA to SEE), the relationship between newly identified SEs (SEG to SEX) and staphylococcal food poisoning has not been clearly elucidated. Recently, mild emetic potential of staphylococcal enterotoxin M (SEM) has been demonstrated, which indicated that SEM might be associated with food poisoning. However, there is currently no commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit available for immunological detection of it. Therefore, we developed a highly sensitive, specific sandwich ELISA system and assayed SEM in food matrixes. This assay facilitates the study of SEM expression in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the investigations would be helpful in addressing the relative incidence of SEM+ strains in near future.
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Zhao Y, Zhu A, Tang J, Tang C, Chen J, Liu J. Identification and measurement of staphylococcal enterotoxin-like protein I (SEll) secretion from Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 121:539-46. [PMID: 27187155 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) produces a wide variety of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like (SEl) proteins, which are the most causative agents of staphylococcal food poisoning. In contrast to classical SEs (SEA to SEE), the relationship between the novel SEs/SEls (SEG to SElX) and staphylococcal food poisoning is not elucidated. This study is aimed to establish a system to detect staphylococcal enterotoxin-like protein I (SElI) for analysis of staphylococcal food poisoning. METHODS AND RESULTS SElI was characterized in a Staph. aureus clinical isolate associated with food poisoning; there was an amino acid substitution Thr145Ala compared to previously identified SEI from Staph. aureus 04-02981. Subsequently, SElI was expressed, purified, and the poly- and monoclonal antibodies against it were prepared. Using these antibodies, a highly sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that specifically detected and measured SElI secretion from the Staph. aureus clinical isolate in LB medium, milk and bloodstream was developed. CONCLUSIONS The ELISA system has been successfully applied for analysing SElI secretion in vivo and in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The highly sensitive ELISA should make it attractive for quantifying SElI in food hygiene supervision and clinical diagnosis in near future.
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Zhu A, Li A, Kim D, Ratliff T, Melsom M, Garza L. 850 After skin wounding, noncoding dsRNA coordinates prostaglandins and WNT7b to promote regeneration. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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