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Lyttkens L, Larsson B, Stahle J, Englesson S. Accumulation of substances with melanin affinity to the internal ear. Therapeutic or ototoxic mechanism? Adv Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 25:17-25. [PMID: 484349 DOI: 10.1159/000402912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of the melanin in the internal ear to accumulate and retain labelled lidocaine, bupivacaine and chlorpromazine after intravenous and intraperitoneal injection was examined by whole-body autoradiography. Both young pigmented hooded rats and albino rats were studied. In the pigmented rats chlorpromazine showed the greatest accumulation, which was more pronounced in the cochlea than in the vestibular portion. The other two substances were evenly distributed in the internal ear. After a single injection of chlorpromazine and of bupivacaine these substances were still bound to the melanin of the internal ear after 14 days, which was the longest survival time. Lidocaine, on the other hand, had disappeared after only 4 days. In albino animals there was very weak, transient uptake of chlorpromazine and bupivacaine, but not of lidocaine, in the internal ear. In studies in vitro on isolated bovine eye melanin there was considerably greater adsorption of chlorpromazine than of lidocaine and bupivacaine.
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Kirsten A, Förster K, Radeczky E, Linnhoff A, Balint B, Watz H, Wray H, Salkeld L, Cullberg M, Larsson B. The safety and tolerability of oral AZD5069, a selective CXCR2 antagonist, in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2015; 31:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Solberg C, Larsson B, Jozefiak T. Consumer satisfaction with the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service and its association with treatment outcome: a 3-4-year follow-up study. Nord J Psychiatry 2015; 69:224-32. [PMID: 25377025 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2014.971869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumer satisfaction studies with the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS) have mainly assessed evaluations in a short-term follow-up perspective. Adolescent reports with CAMHS have not been included nationally. AIMS The purposes of this study were to explore adolescent and parental satisfaction with the CAMHS in a 3-4-year follow-up perspective, and to examine the relationships between reported consumer satisfaction and clinical parameters such as reason for adolescent referral, emotional/behavioral symptoms and treatment outcome. METHODS Of 190 adolescent-parent pairs in a sample of CAMHS outpatients, 120 completed a Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire. Parents assessed adolescent emotional/behavior problems both at baseline and at follow-up by completing the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Correlations were examined between adolescent and parental evaluations. The relationships between service satisfaction and symptom load at baseline and follow-up and treatment outcome at follow-up were explored. RESULTS Overall, adolescents and parents were satisfied with the services received from the CAMHS. The correlations between adolescent and parent consumer satisfaction ratings were low to moderate. Consumer satisfaction was significantly and negatively correlated with symptom load on the CBCL Total Problems scores at baseline, but not at follow-up. There was no difference in satisfaction levels between those who improved after treatment and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS Given the differences in informant ratings of consumer satisfaction, it is important to include both adolescent and parental perceptions in evaluations of CAMHS services and treatment outcomes. Consumer satisfaction should serve as a supplement to established standardized outcome measures.
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Krogh AB, Larsson B, Linde M. Prevalence and disability of headache among Norwegian adolescents: A cross-sectional school-based study. Cephalalgia 2015; 35:1181-91. [DOI: 10.1177/0333102415573512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Headache is common in adolescents and affects schoolwork and relations with friends and family. In most previous epidemiological surveys, only the most bothersome headache has been documented. The aim was to determine headache prevalence not only taking into account the most bothersome headache, but also to compare characteristics of the most bothersome and less bothersome headaches, and to investigate headache-related disability. Methods A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in which 493 representative adolescents aged 12–18 years were recruited by stratified cluster sampling and interviewed. Headache diagnosis was made according to the new classification system of the International Headache Society (ICHD-3 beta), and the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment (PedMIDAS) was used to evaluate disability. Results The one-year prevalence of any headache type, definite migraine, probable migraine and tension-type headache was 88%, 23%, 13% and 58%, respectively. The point prevalence of any headache was 38%. Nine percent of participants fulfilled criteria for more than one headache diagnosis. The most bothersome headache had a significantly longer duration ( p < 0.001) and higher intensity ( p < 0.001) than the less bothersome headache, but similar frequency ( p = 0.86). Adolescents with headaches lost up to nine days of activity each year, implicating headache as a major health issue. Conclusions Headaches are very common and disabling among adolescents. The full extent of this health problem is better appreciated if inquiry is not limited to the most bothersome subtypes.
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Wahlund K, Nilsson IM, Larsson B. Treating Temporomandibular Disorders in Adolescents: A Randomized, Controlled, Sequential Comparison of Relaxation Training and Occlusal Appliance Therapy. J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2015; 29:41-50. [DOI: 10.11607/ofph.1285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Karlsson L, Gerdle B, Ghafouri B, Bäckryd E, Olausson P, Ghafouri N, Larsson B. Intramuscular pain modulatory substances before and after exercise in women with chronic neck pain. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:1075-85. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Larsson B, Fichtel A. Headache prevalence and characteristics among adolescents in the general population: a comparison between retrospect questionnaire and prospective paper diary data. J Headache Pain 2014; 15:80. [PMID: 25431042 PMCID: PMC4256970 DOI: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the present school-based study, a convenience sample of 237 adolescents in grade 6-9 and second year in high school (age 12-18 years) was recruited from a city and a smaller town. The aim of the study was to compare information on the prevalence and various characteristics of headaches not related to disease in a retrospect questionnaire and prospective daily recordings of headaches in a standard paper diary during a 3-week period. Methods Besides headache severity, number of headache days, intensity levels and duration of headache episodes were estimated with both assessment methods. Most of the school children suffered from tension-type headaches and a smaller portion of migraine attacks. Results The overall results showed that school children significantly (p < 0.001) overestimated headache intensity in questionnaires as compared to diary recordings, whereas they underestimated frequency (p < 0.001) and duration (p < 0.001) of headaches. While the correlations on headache severity, frequency and duration between retrospect information in questionnaires and prospective diary recordings were low, the agreement varied with levels of headache characteristics. Conclusions Our findings concur well with results from a few similar community studies on headache complaints in school-aged children. We recommend that prospective recordings in diaries should be systematically used in clinical practice but also in epidemiological surveys to increase the validity and reliability in estimates of point prevalence of headache complaints in children and adolescents.
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Hadrévi J, Ghafouri B, Sjörs A, Antti H, Larsson B, Crenshaw AG, Gerdle B, Hellström F. Comparative metabolomics of muscle interstitium fluid in human trapezius myalgia: an in vivo microdialysis study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 113:2977-89. [PMID: 24078209 PMCID: PMC3828502 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-013-2716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The mechanisms behind trapezius myalgia are unclear. Many hypotheses have been presented suggesting an altered metabolism in the muscle. Here, muscle microdialysate from healthy and myalgic muscle is analysed using metabolomics. Metabolomics analyse a vast number of metabolites, enabling a comprehensive explorative screening of the cellular processes in the muscle. Methods Microdialysate samples were obtained from the shoulder muscle of healthy and myalgic subjects that performed a work and stress test. Samples from the baseline period and from the recovery period were analysed using gas chromatography—mass spectrometry (GC–MS) together with multivariate analysis to detect differences in extracellular content of metabolites between groups. Systematic differences in metabolites between groups were identified using multivariate analysis and orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA). A complementary Mann–Whitney U test of group difference in individual metabolites was also performed. Results A large number of metabolites were detected and identified in this screening study. At baseline, no systematic differences between groups were observed according to the OPLS-DA. However, two metabolites, l-leucine and pyroglutamic acid, were significantly more abundant in the myalgic muscle compared to the healthy muscle. In the recovery period, systematic difference in metabolites between the groups was observed according to the OPLS-DA. The groups differed in amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates. Myristic acid and putrescine were significantly more abundant and beta-d-glucopyranose was significantly less abundant in the myalgic muscle. Conclusion This study provides important information regarding the metabolite content, thereby presenting new clues regarding the pathophysiology of the myalgic muscle.
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Sollie H, Larsson B, Mørch WT. Comparison of mother, father, and teacher reports of ADHD core symptoms in a sample of child psychiatric outpatients. J Atten Disord 2013; 17:699-710. [PMID: 22441890 DOI: 10.1177/1087054711436010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the significance of adding father ratings to mother and teacher ratings in the assessment of ADHD symptoms in children. METHOD The ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Teacher Report Form were filled out by all three informants for a sample of 48 clinically referred children (79% boys) aged 6 to 15 (M = 10.1) years. RESULTS Correspondence between father and teacher reports on ADHD-specific symptoms (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .38) exceeded that between mothers and teachers (ICC = .23). Fathers rated their children as having fewer problems than did mothers and teachers on Total scale scores and the Inattention subscale of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Mother ratings were more sensitive to an ADHD diagnosis, whereas father ratings better predicted an ADHD diagnosis requiring the two-setting criterion. CONCLUSION The choice of parent informant and informant combination had a considerable impact on parent-teacher concordance and estimates of ADHD symptoms and subtypes in the child.
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Larsson B, Leksell L, Rexed B, Sourander P. Effect of High Energy Protons on the Spinal Cord. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418515905100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rexed B, Mair W, Sourander P, Larsson B, Leksell L. Effect of High Energy Protons on the Brain of the Rabbit. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418516005300406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Falkmer S, Larsson B, Stenson S. Effects of Single Dose Proton Irradiation of Normal Skin and Vx2 Carcinoma in Rabbit Ears: A Comparative Investigation with Protons and Roentgen Rays. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418515905200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Leksell L, Larsson B, Andersson B, Rexed B, Sourander P, Mair W. Lesions in the Depth of the Brain Produced by a Beam of High Energy Protons. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418516005400402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Falkmer S, Fors B, Larsson B, Lindell A, Naeslund J, Stenson S. Pilot Study on Proton Irradiation of Human Carcinoma. Acta Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/028418516205800104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tørmoen AJ, Rossow I, Larsson B, Mehlum L. Nonsuicidal self-harm and suicide attempts in adolescents: differences in kind or in degree? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2013; 48:1447-55. [PMID: 23269399 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-012-0646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to measure the prevalence of self-harm (SH) behaviours and examine potential differences in characteristics among adolescents reporting on self-harm (SH), depending on whether they had attempted suicide (SA), performed nonsuicidal self-harm (NSSH), or both. METHODS Cross-sectional survey of 11,440 adolescents aged 14-17 years in the city of Oslo, Norway. Responses regarding measures of lifetime SH and risk factors were collected. The response rate was 92.7%. Data were analysed by segregating SH responses into the categories of NSSH, SA, and NSSH + SA. RESULTS Among all respondents, 4.3% reported NSSH, 4.5% reported SA, 5.0% reported both NSSH and SA, and 86.2% reported no SH. The group reporting to have engaged in both behaviours comprised more girls and reported more suicidal ideation, problematic lifestyles, poorer subjective health, and more psychological problems compared with the other groups. The four groups could be distinguished by one discriminant function that accounted for most of the explained variance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that NSSH and SA are parts of the same dimensional construct in which suicidal ideation carries much of the weight in adolescents from a school-based sample. They also indicate the group of adolescents who seems to alternate between NSSH and SA is more burdened with mental ill-health and behavioural problems compared with others. These adolescents should therefore be targeted by clinicians and school health personnel for identification and provision of adequate help and services.
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Skogar Ö, Borg A, Larsson B, Robertsson L, Andersson L, Andersson L, Backstrom P, Fall PA, Hallgren G, Bringer B, Carlsson M, Lennartsson U, Sandbjork H, Lökk J, Törnhage CJ. “Effects of Tactile Touch on pain, sleep and health related quality of life in Parkinson's disease with chronic pain”: A randomized, controlled and prospective study. Eur J Integr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rescorla L, Ivanova MY, Achenbach TM, Begovac I, Chahed M, Drugli MB, Emerich DR, Fung DSS, Haider M, Hansson K, Hewitt N, Jaimes S, Larsson B, Maggiolini A, Marković J, Mitrović D, Moreira P, Oliveira JT, Olsson M, Ooi YP, Petot D, Pisa C, Pomalima R, da Rocha MM, Rudan V, Sekulić S, Shahini M, de Mattos Silvares EF, Szirovicza L, Valverde J, Vera LA, Villa MC, Viola L, Woo BSC, Zhang EY. International epidemiology of child and adolescent psychopathology ii: integration and applications of dimensional findings from 44 societies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012. [PMID: 23200284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To build on Achenbach, Rescorla, and Ivanova (2012) by (a) reporting new international findings for parent, teacher, and self-ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist, Youth Self-Report, and Teacher's Report Form; (b) testing the fit of syndrome models to new data from 17 societies, including previously underrepresented regions; (c) testing effects of society, gender, and age in 44 societies by integrating new and previous data; (d) testing cross-society correlations between mean item ratings; (e) describing the construction of multisociety norms; (f) illustrating clinical applications. METHOD Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) of parent, teacher, and self-ratings, performed separately for each society; tests of societal, gender, and age effects on dimensional syndrome scales, DSM-oriented scales, Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems scales; tests of agreement between low, medium, and high ratings of problem items across societies. RESULTS CFAs supported the tested syndrome models in all societies according to the primary fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA]), but less consistently according to other indices; effect sizes were small-to-medium for societal differences in scale scores, but very small for gender, age, and interactions with society; items received similarly low, medium, or high ratings in different societies; problem scores from 44 societies fit three sets of multisociety norms. CONCLUSIONS Statistically derived syndrome models fit parent, teacher, and self-ratings when tested individually in all 44 societies according to RMSEAs (but less consistently according to other indices). Small to medium differences in scale scores among societies supported the use of low-, medium-, and high-scoring norms in clinical assessment of individual children.
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Ernberg M, Castrillon EE, Ghafouri B, Larsson B, Gerdle B, List T, Svensson P. Experimental myalgia induced by repeated infusion of acidic saline into the human masseter muscle does not cause the release of algesic substances. Eur J Pain 2012; 17:539-50. [PMID: 23132643 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal studies have shown that two repeated intramuscular injections of acidic saline induce mechanical allodynia that lasts for 4 weeks with spread to the contralateral side. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that two repeated intramuscular infusions of acidic saline into the human masseter muscle is associated with pain, mechanical allodynia and release of algesic substances. Eighteen healthy volunteers participated. On day 1, 2.5 mL of acidic saline (pH 3.3) was infused into one of the masseter muscles and isotonic saline (pH 6.0) into the other (randomized and single-blind). Two days later, intramuscular microdialysis was performed to sample serotonin, glutamate, pyruvate, lactate and glucose, during which the saline infusions were repeated. Pain and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded before and after infusions on both days. RESULTS Pain intensity induced by the infusions was higher after acidic than that after isotonic saline (p < 0.05). PPTs were decreased on both sides after microdialysis compared with baseline day 1 (p's < 0.05), but there were no differences in PPTs between sides at any time point. The levels of serotonin, glutamate, pyruvate, lactate or glucose did not change significantly during microdialysis. CONCLUSION Infusion of acidic saline caused low levels of muscle pain, but no mechanical allodynia and no increased release of algesic substances. The value of this model appears modest, but future studies could be performed with larger sample size and higher flow rate before definite conclusions about the validity of the model for craniofacial myalgia can be drawn.
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Jozefiak T, Larsson B, Wichstrøm L, Rimehaug T. Competence and emotional/behavioural problems in 7-16-year-old Norwegian school children as reported by parents. Nord J Psychiatry 2012; 66:311-9. [PMID: 22171934 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2011.638934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies from Nordic countries suggest that parent ratings of children's emotional and behavioural problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) are among the lowest in the world. However, there has been no Norwegian population study with acceptable response rates to provide valid Norwegian reference data. AIMS Firstly, to compare CBCL Internalizing, Externalizing, Total Problems and Competence scores of Norwegian children and adolescents with those from 1) previous Norwegian studies, 2) other Nordic countries, and 3) international data. Secondly, to present Norwegian reference data in order to perform these comparisons. Thirdly, to investigate the effects of age, gender, socio-economic and urban/rural status on the CBCL. METHODS A stratified cluster sample of 2582 school children (1302 girls and 1280 boys) was identified from the general Norwegian population and their parents were asked to complete the CBCL. RESULTS The response rate was 65.5%. The mean Total Problems score for the whole sample was 14.2 (standard deviation, s = 14.1). Girls were rated as having greater Competence and fewer Total Problems than boys. Younger children had more Total Problems than adolescents. Parents with low education reported more child Total Problems and lower Competence than those with high education. All effect sizes were small, except for the effect of parental education on child Competence, which was moderate. CONCLUSIONS Total Problems scores were lower than in other societies. The data from this study obtained from one county in central Norway provide an important reference for clinical practice and treatment outcome research.
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Leikanger E, Larsson B. One-year stability, change and incidence in anxiety symptoms among early adolescents in the general population. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2012; 21:493-501. [PMID: 22562142 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-012-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To examine prospectively the stability, changes, and incidence in DSM-IV-related anxiety symptom clusters in a community sample of adolescents. On two occasions, 1 year apart, 946 Norwegian adolescents aged 13-16 years completed the SCARED, a 41-item multidimensional anxiety self-report scale that measures the levels of five principal DSM-IV-related anxiety symptom clusters. Seventy-three percent of the adolescents participated in the study at baseline, and only 7 % were lost to follow-up. Both sexes in all age cohorts, except girls aged 14-15 years, showed the same 1-year developmental pattern of stable scores, or small reductions in the total anxiety score, for all DSM-IV-related anxiety symptom clusters. Adolescents defined as "high anxiety scorers" showed a girl:boy ratio of 4:1. Whereas approximately half these students remained high scorers at the 1-year follow-up, the same proportion returned to normal anxiety levels. The 1-year incidence of high-level anxiety was 8.2 % for the whole sample, 12.6 % for the girls and 3.4 % for the boys. These results underscore the need for improved identification of adolescents in the general population with stable high anxiety levels, as opposed to those with transient high anxiety. The normative findings of this study also provide reference data with which to evaluate individual changes in clinical practice and the results of efficacy trials, including 1-year follow-up evaluations.
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Larsson B, Fichtel Å. Headache prevalence and characteristics among school children as assessed by prospective paper diary recordings. J Headache Pain 2012; 13:129-36. [PMID: 22200765 PMCID: PMC3274578 DOI: 10.1007/s10194-011-0410-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present school-based study, a convenience sample of 477 students in grades 6-9 and second year in high school from a city and a smaller town recorded daily occurrence and intensity of headaches in a standard paper diary during a 3-week period. Total headache activity (headache sum), number of headache days, intensity level and duration for weekly headaches were estimated. Approximately 85% of the adolescents had experienced headache of any intensity level during the 3-week recording period. On the average, they reported 2.5 headache days per week and a mean intensity level for headache episodes of 1.7. Our estimates for headache of any intensity level (1-5) occurring at least once a week was surprisingly high (73.8%). For the highest intensity level across the whole 3-week period, almost identical proportions of mild and moderate headaches were reported by students (22.3-22.5%), while about twice as many (40.7%) had experienced severe headaches. Girls consistently reported more headaches than boys, in particular of the moderate and severe intensity types. Students in the city also reported more frequent and intense headaches than those in the town. Peak headache activity was observed at noon and in the afternoon and in the days from the middle of the week until weekend. The use of prospective recordings in diaries will further advance our knowledge on the prevalence and characteristics of recurrent headaches among children and adolescents in community samples.
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Larsson B, Björk J, Börsbo B, Gerdle B. A systematic review of risk factors associated with transitioning from regional musculoskeletal pain to chronic widespread pain. Eur J Pain 2012; 16:1084-93. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2012.00117.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Svensson DA, Larsson B, Waldenlind E, Pedersen NL. Genetic and Environmental Influences on Expression of Recurrent Headache as a Function of the Reporting Age in Twins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1375/twin.5.4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractTo explore age-related mechanisms in the expression of recurrent headache, we evaluated whether genetic and environmental influences are a function of the reporting age using questionnaire information that was gathered in 1973 for 15- to 47-year-old Swedish twins (n =12,606 twin pairs). Liability to mixed headache (mild migraine and tension-type headache) was explained by non-additive genetic influences (49%) in men aged from 15 to 30 years and additive genetic plus shared environmental influences (28%) in men aged from 31 to 47 years. In women, the explained proportion of variance, which was mainly due to additive genetic effects, ranged from 61% in adolescent twins to 12% in twins aged from 41 to 47 years, whereas individual specific environmental variance was significantly lower in twins aged from 15 to 20 years than in twins aged from 21 to 30 years. Liability to migrainous headache (more severe migraine) was explained by non-addi-tive genetic influences in men, 32% in young men and 45% in old men, while total phenotypic variance was significantly lower in young men than in old men. In women, the explained proportion of variance ranged from 91% in the youngest age group to 37% in the oldest age group, with major contributions from non-additive effects in young and old women (15–20 years and 41–47 years, respectively) and additive genetic effects in intermediate age groups (21–40 years). While total variance showed a positive age trend, genetic variance tended to be stable across age groups, whereas individual specific environmental variance was significantly lower in adolescent women as compared to older women.
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Karlsson L, Takala EP, Ghafouri N, Frumerie A, Gerdle B, Larsson B. S652 THE EFFECTS OF TWO DIFFERENT HOME-EXERCISE PROGRAMMES ON WOMEN SUFFERING LONG-TERM NECK MUSCLE PAIN. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1754-3207(11)70982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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