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Mai B, Deng X, Xia X, Che H, Guo J, Liu X, Zhu J, Ling C. Column-integrated aerosol optical properties of coarse- and fine-mode particles over the Pearl River Delta region in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:481-492. [PMID: 29220772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The sun-photometer data from 2011 to 2013 at Panyu site (Panyu) and from 2007 to 2013 at Dongguan site (Dg) in the Pearl River Delta region, were used for the retrieving of the aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA), Ångström exponent (AE) and volume size distribution of coarse- and fine-mode particles. The coarse-mode particles presented low AOD (ranging from 0.05±0.03 to 0.08±0.05) but a strong absorption property (SSA ranged from 0.70±0.03 to 0.90±0.02) for the wavelengths between 440 and 1020nm. However, these coarse particles accounted for <10% of the total particles. The AOD of fine particles (AODf) was over 3 times as large as that of coarse particles (AODc). The fine particles SSA (SSAf) generally decreased as a function of wavelength, and the relatively lower SSAf value in summer was likely to be due to the stronger solar radiation and higher temperature. More than 70% of the aerosols at Panyu site were dominated by fine-mode absorbing particles, whereas about 70% of the particles at Dg site were attributed to fine-mode scattering particles. The differences of the aerosol optical properties between the two sites are likely associated with local emissions of the light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols and the scattering aerosols (e.g., sulfate and nitrate particles) caused by the gas-phase oxidation of gaseous precursors (e.g., SO2 and NO2). The size distribution exhibited bimodal structures in which the accumulation mode was predominant. The fine-mode volume showed positive dependence on AOD (500nm), and the growth of peak value of the fine-mode volume was higher than that of the coarse volume. Both the AOD and SSA increased with increasing relative humidity (RH), while the AE decreased with increasing RH. These correlations imply that the aerosol properties are greatly modified by condensation growth.
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Kluth O, Aga H, Gottmann P, Stadion M, Scherneck S, Krus U, Ling C, Gerdes JG, Schürmann A. The role of cilia genes in pancreatic beta-cell proliferation. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1641775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mihailidis D, Ling C, Brady L, Scheuermann R, Kennedy C, Dong L, Metz J. PO-0993: Evaluation of MV imaging dose for the first clinical Halcyon system. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31303-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ling C, Fuller A, Taylor L, Johnson H. Triangulation of Multifactorial Assessment: Bringing Objectivity to Objective Structured Clinical Examination Evaluation. Clin Simul Nurs 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecns.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zeng Q, Jiang B, Shi F, Ling C, Dong F, Zhang J. 3D Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Imaging in the Preoperative Evaluation of Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:1876-1883. [PMID: 28729293 PMCID: PMC7963629 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previous studies showed conflicting results concerning the value of CBF maps obtained from arterial spin-labeling MR imaging in grading gliomas. This study was performed to investigate the effectiveness of CBF maps derived from 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling in preoperatively assessing the grade, cellular proliferation, and prognosis of gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-eight patients with pathologically confirmed gliomas underwent preoperative 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling. The receiver operating characteristic curves for parameters to distinguish high-grade gliomas from low-grade gliomas were generated. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation among parameters. Survival analysis was conducted with Cox regression. RESULTS Both maximum CBF and maximum relative CBF were significantly higher in high-grade gliomas than in low-grade gliomas (P < .001). The areas under the curve for maximum CBF and maximum relative CBF in distinguishing high-grade gliomas from low-grade gliomas were 0.828 and 0.863, respectively. Both maximum CBF and maximum relative CBF had no correlation with the Ki-67 index in all subjects and had a moderate negative correlation with the Ki-67 index in glioblastomas (r = -0.475, -0.534, respectively). After adjustment for age, a higher maximum CBF (P = .008) and higher maximum relative CBF (P = .005) were associated with worse progression-free survival in gliomas, while a higher maximum relative CBF (P = .033) was associated with better overall survival in glioblastomas. CONCLUSIONS 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling-derived CBF maps are effective in preoperative evaluation of gliomas. Although gliomas with a higher blood flow are more malignant, glioblastomas with a lower blood flow are likely to be more aggressive.
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Page M, Ling C, Dilger P, Bentley M, Forsey T, Longstaff C, Thorpe R. Fragmentation of Therapeutic Human Immunoglobulin Preparations. Vox Sang 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000462837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ling C, Pouget C, Rech F, Pflaum R, Treffel M, Bielle F, Mokhtari K, Casse JM, Vignaud JM, Kalamarides M, Peyre M, Gauchotte G. Endothelial Cell Hypertrophy and Microvascular Proliferation in Meningiomas Are Correlated with Higher Histological Grade and Shorter Progression-Free Survival. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 75:1160-1170. [PMID: 27807004 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvascular proliferation (MVP) is a hallmark of glioblastoma. Endothelial cell hypertrophy (ECH), also known as endothelial hyperplasia, is correlated with a shorter survival of patients with gliomas. However, the prognostic value of these 2 morphological features has not been studied in meningiomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of angiogenesis in meningiomas, most notably ECH, MVP, and microvascular density, which were evaluated using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against CD34 and CD105 (a marker of neovascularization) in a series of 139 meningiomas. ECH, MVP, and CD105 immunoreactivity were significantly correlated with higher histological grades (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0004, and p = 0.0003, respectively). ECH and MVP but not CD105 immunoreactivities were significantly correlated with a shorter progression-free survival time (PFS) (p = 0.017, p = 0.021, and p = 0.137, respectively). In Cox multivariate analysis, ECH was an independent predictor of shorter PFS (p = 0.028). Therefore, ECH and MVP are markers of shorter PFS in meningiomas and are significantly correlated with grade. These findings give insight into the use of anti-angiogenic therapies. Further studies are needed to determine whether these markers could allow us to identify patients who could benefit from anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Koehl P, Ling C, Lefèvre JF. Automatic phase correction of NMR spectra: statistics and limits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp/1995921929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Koehl P, Ling C, Lefèvre JF. Improving the performance of linear prediction on magnetic resonance signals by oversampling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp/1994910595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Attalla R, Ling C, Selvaganapathy P. Fabrication and characterization of gels with integrated channels using 3D printing with microfluidic nozzle for tissue engineering applications. Biomed Microdevices 2016; 18:17. [PMID: 26842949 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The lack of a simple and effective method to integrate vascular network with engineered scaffolds and tissue constructs remains one of the biggest challenges in true 3D tissue engineering. Here, we detail the use of a commercially available, low-cost, open-source 3D printer modified with a microfluidic print-head in order to develop a method for the generation of instantly perfusable vascular network integrated with gel scaffolds seeded with cells. The print-head features an integrated coaxial nozzle that allows the fabrication of hollow, calcium-polymerized alginate tubes that can be easily patterned using 3D printing techniques. The diameter of the hollow channel can be precisely controlled and varied between 500 μm - 2 mm by changing applied flow rates or print-head speed. These channels are integrated into gel layers with a thickness of 800 μm - 2.5 mm. The structural rigidity of these constructs allows the fabrication of multi-layered structures without causing the collapse of hollow channels in lower layers. The 3D printing method was fully characterized at a range of operating speeds (0-40 m/min) and corresponding flow rates (1-30 mL/min) were identified to produce precise definition. This microfluidic design also allows the incorporation of a wide range of scaffold materials as well as biological constituents such as cells, growth factors, and ECM material. Media perfusion of the channels causes a significant viability increase in the bulk of cell-laden structures over the long-term. With this setup, gel constructs with embedded arrays of hollow channels can be created and used as a potential substitute for blood vessel networks.
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Wei FJ, Cai CY, Yu P, Lv J, Ling C, Shi WT, Jiao HX, Chang BC, Yang FH, Tian Y, Li MS, Wang YH, Zou L, Shi JM, Chen LM, Li WD. Quantitative candidate gene association studies of metabolic traits in Han Chinese type 2 diabetes patients. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:15471-81. [PMID: 26634513 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.30.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified many loci associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperuricemia, and obesity in various ethnic populations. However, quantitative traits have been less well investigated in Han Chinese T2DM populations. We investigated the association between candidate gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and metabolic syndrome-related quantitative traits in Han Chinese T2DM subjects. Unrelated Han Chinese T2DM patients (1975) were recruited. Eighty-six SNPs were genotyped and tested for association with quantitative traits including lipid profiles, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), serum uric acid (SUA), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), plasma glucose [fasting plasma glucose (FPG)], plasma glucose 120 min post-OGTT (P2PG; OGTT = oral glucose tolerance test), and insulin resistance-related traits. We found that CAMTA1, ABI2, VHL, KAT2B, PKHD1, ESR1, TOX, SLC30A8, SFI1, and MYH9 polymorphisms were associated with HbA1c, FPG, and/or P2PG; GCK, HHEX, TCF7L2, KCNQ1, and TBX5 polymorphisms were associated with insulin resistance-related traits; ABCG2, SLC2A9, and PKHD1 polymorphisms were associated with SUA; CAMTA1, VHL, KAT2B, PON1, NUB1, SLITRK5, SMAD3, FTO, FANCA, and PCSK2 polymorphisms were associated with blood lipid traits; CAMTA1, SPAG16, TOX, KCNQ1, ACACB, and MYH9 polymorphisms were associated with blood pressure; and UBE2E3, SPAG16, SLC2A9, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, TCF7L2, SMAD3, and PNPLA3 polymorphisms were associated with BMI (all P values <0.05). Some of the candidate genes were associated with metabolic and anthropometric traits in T2DM in Han Chinese. Although none of these associations reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-8)), genes and loci identified in this study are worthy of further replication and investigation.
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Shi WT, Cai CY, Li MS, Ling C, Li WD. Han Chinese patients with dopa-responsive dystonia exhibit a low frequency of exonic deletion in the GCH1 gene. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:11185-90. [PMID: 26400349 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.22.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We identified three novel mutations of the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) gene in patients with familial dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD), but were unable to identify meaningful sporadic mutations in patients with no obvious family DRD background. To investigate whether GCH1 regional deletions account for the etiology of DRD, we screened for heterozygous exonic deletions in DRD families and in patients with sporadic DRD. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed in all members of our DRD cohort and in controls to detect exonic deletions in GCH1, tyrosine hydroxylase, and the epsilon-sarcoglycan-encoding (SGCE) genes. Using these techniques, we detected a GCH1 exon 1 heterozygous deletion in 1 of 10 patients with sporadic DRD. Therefore, we concluded that exonic deletion in the GCH1 gene only accounted for the etiology in a small percentage of patients with sporadic DRD in our Han Chinese cohort.
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Ekman C, Elgzyri T, Ström K, Almgren P, Parikh H, Dekker Nitert M, Rönn T, Manderson Koivula F, Ling C, Tornberg ÅB, Wollmer P, Eriksson KF, Groop L, Hansson O. Less pronounced response to exercise in healthy relatives to type 2 diabetic subjects compared with controls. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:953-60. [PMID: 26338460 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01067.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy first-degree relatives with heredity of type 2 diabetes (FH+) are known to have metabolic inflexibility compared with subjects without heredity for diabetes (FH-). In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that FH+ individuals have an impaired response to exercise compared with FH-. Sixteen FH+ and 19 FH- insulin-sensitive men similar in age, peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2 peak), and body mass index completed an exercise intervention with heart rate monitored during exercise for 7 mo. Before and after the exercise intervention, the participants underwent a physical examination and tests for glucose tolerance and exercise capacity, and muscle biopsies were taken for expression analysis. The participants attended, on average, 39 training sessions during the intervention and spent 18.8 MJ on exercise. V̇o2 peak/kg increased by 14%, and the participants lost 1.2 kg of weight and 3 cm waist circumference. Given that the FH+ group expended 61% more energy during the intervention, we used regression analysis to analyze the response in the FH+ and FH- groups separately. Exercise volume had a significant effect on V̇o2 peak, weight, and waist circumference in the FH- group, but not in the FH+ group. After exercise, expression of genes involved in metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and cellular respiration increased more in the FH- compared with the FH+ group. This suggests that healthy, insulin-sensitive FH+ and FH- participants with similar age, V̇o2 peak, and body mass index may respond differently to an exercise intervention. The FH+ background might limit muscle adaptation to exercise, which may contribute to the increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in FH+ individuals.
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Ling C, Cai CY, Chang BC, Shi WT, Wei FJ, Yu P, Chen LM, Li WD. MYH9 gene polymorphisms may be associated with cerebrovascular blood flow in patients with type 2 diabetes. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:1008-16. [PMID: 25730040 DOI: 10.4238/2015.february.6.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors play an important role in type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications. Alteration of cerebrovascular blood flow (CBF) is a direct result of cerebrovascular diseases. However, few studies have reported the role of genetics on CBF in patients with T2D. We investigated whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in metabolic disease genes are associated with CBF in patients with T2D. CBF velocities of CBF were measured in 337 Han Chinese patients with T2D using transcranial Doppler sonography, with 54 cerebrovascular blood flow parameters documented. Fifty-two SNPs from 31 metabolic disease candidate genes were genotyped in patients. Quantitative allelic association and haplotype analyses were performed for candidate gene SNPs and CBF phenotypes. Spearman correlation was used to determine the relationship between CBF parameters and basic clinical characteristics, particularly, body mass index, lipids, fibrinogen, and GHbA1c. MYH9 gene SNPs (rs875726 and rs735853) may be associated with the peak velocity of the right-middle cerebral artery. SNPs rs875726, rs2009930, and rs375246 of the MYH9 gene may be associated with the mean velocity of the right-anterior and posterior cerebral artery. The haplotype G-C-A (rs2239782-rs3752462- rs2269532) of MYH9 may be associated with CBF. MYH9 gene polymorphisms may be associated with multiple CBF phenotypes in Chinese patients with T2D. However, whether MYH9 is a candidate gene for cerebrovascular diseases in Chinese patients with T2D remains unknown.
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Marple R, Ling C, Pollack J. Letter to the Editor. J Nurse Pract 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Simpson T, Ling C, Glover G, Barrett N, Ioannou N, Lams B, Langrish C, Meadows C, Agarwal N, D'Cruz D. P278 Extra-corporeal Membrane Oxygenation And Diffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage - A Single Centre Case Series And Analysis Of The Elso Database. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Qi X, Ng K, Li C, Liu X, Geng W, Ling C, Ma Y, Yeung W, Liu H, Fan S, Lo C, Man K. Hepatic Senescence Associated Down-Regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (GPx3) Promoted Tumor Recurrence After Living Donor Liver Transplantation. Transplantation 2014. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-201407151-02979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rönn T, Volkov P, Tornberg Å, Elgzyri T, Hansson O, Eriksson KF, Groop L, Ling C. Extensive changes in the transcriptional profile of human adipose tissue including genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation after a 6-month exercise intervention. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2014; 211:188-200. [PMID: 24495239 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Adipose tissue has an important function in total energy homeostasis, and its dysregulation may contribute to lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate genome-wide mRNA expression in adipose tissue in healthy men before and after an exercise intervention to identify genes or pathways that mediate the beneficial effect of regular exercise. We also investigated the difference in adipose tissue mRNA expression between individuals with or without a family history of type 2 diabetes. METHODS The 6-month supervised exercise intervention was conducted in 47 healthy men (age 37.8 ± 4.3 years, BMI 28.5 ± 3.6 kg m(-2) ) with a previous low level of physical activity. RNA was analysed using GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays (Affymetrix) before and after the exercise. RESULTS We identified 2,560 significant transcripts differentially expressed before vs. after exercise with a false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.1%, including genes encoding the respiratory chain, histone subunits, small nucleolar RNAs and ribosomal proteins. Additionally, pathways enriched in response to exercise include the ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome and many metabolic pathways, whereas the WNT and MAPK signalling pathways were down-regulated (FDR < 5%) after exercise. There were no significant differences in mRNA expression between individuals with or without a family history of type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSION Exercise increased the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, which is the opposite of what has been seen in adipose tissue from elderly or obese individuals with low physical fitness, and our study thereby demonstrates a mechanism for the beneficial effect of exercise.
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Cai CY, Zhu H, Shi W, Su L, Shi O, Cai CQ, Ling C, Li WD. A novel splicing site mutation of the GPR143 gene in a Chinese X-linked ocular albinism pedigree. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:5673-9. [PMID: 24301936 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.18.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ocular albinism is an X-linked inherited disease characterized by hypopigmentation of the iris and nystagmus. To identify a new disease-causing mutation of ocular albinism, we collected a Han Chinese pedigree with 7 male congenital nystagmus patients over 3 generations. Slit-lamp photography and optical coherence tomography were performed for the proband. Genomic DNA was extracted from a whole blood sample from the proband using the high-salt method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing was carried out for GPR143 and FRMD7 genes. The three-dimensional structures of the wild-type and mutant GPR143 proteins were determined using SWISS-MODEL. The transmission of the disease in the pedigree clearly followed an X-linked pattern. The proband had significant iris and fundus hypopigmentation. Optical coherence tomography showed severe foveal hypoplasias in both eyes of the proband. A novel splicing site (G/C) mutation was found on the boundary of the 6th intron and the 7th exon of the GPR143 gene, resulting in a 9-amino-acid deletion (codons 257-265) in the 6th transmembrane domain of the GPR143 protein. In conclusion, a novel splicing site mutation of the GPR143 gene was found in a Han Chinese congenital ocular albinism pedigree.
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Zhang Y, Ren L, Ling C, Yin F. WE-A-134-04: Comprehensive Evaluation of a Respiration-Phase-Matched Digital Tomosynthesis (DTS) Imaging Technique for Monitoring Moving Targets. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Dayeh TA, Olsson AH, Volkov P, Almgren P, Rönn T, Ling C. Identification of CpG-SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes and differential DNA methylation in human pancreatic islets. Diabetologia 2013; 56:1036-46. [PMID: 23462794 PMCID: PMC3622750 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS To date, the molecular function of most of the reported type 2 diabetes-associated loci remains unknown. The introduction or removal of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides, which are possible sites of DNA methylation, has been suggested as a potential mechanism through which single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can affect gene function via epigenetics. The aim of this study was to examine if any of 40 SNPs previously associated with type 2 diabetes introduce or remove a CpG site and if these CpG-SNPs are associated with differential DNA methylation in pancreatic islets of 84 human donors. METHODS DNA methylation was analysed using pyrosequencing. RESULTS We found that 19 of 40 (48%) type 2 diabetes-associated SNPs introduce or remove a CpG site. Successful DNA methylation data were generated for 16 of these 19 CpG-SNP loci, representing the candidate genes TCF7L2, KCNQ1, PPARG, HHEX, CDKN2A, SLC30A8, DUSP9, CDKAL1, ADCY5, SRR, WFS1, IRS1, DUSP8, HMGA2, TSPAN8 and CHCHD9. All analysed CpG-SNPs were associated with differential DNA methylation of the CpG-SNP site in human islets. Moreover, six CpG-SNPs, representing TCF7L2, KCNQ1, CDKN2A, ADCY5, WFS1 and HMGA2, were also associated with DNA methylation of surrounding CpG sites. Some of the type 2 diabetes CpG-SNP sites that exhibit differential DNA methylation were further associated with gene expression, alternative splicing events determined by splice index, and hormone secretion in the human islets. The 19 type 2 diabetes-associated CpG-SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium (r² > 0.8) with a total of 295 SNPs, including 91 CpG-SNPs. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that the introduction or removal of a CpG site may be a molecular mechanism through which some of the type 2 diabetes SNPs affect gene function via differential DNA methylation and consequently contributes to the phenotype of the disease.
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Chen L, Li Q, Yang Z, Ye Z, Huang Y, He M, Wen J, Wang X, Lu B, Hu J, Liu C, Ling C, Qu S, Hu R. Osteocalcin, glucose metabolism, lipid profile and chronic low-grade inflammation in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Diabet Med 2013; 30:309-17. [PMID: 22913521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2012.03769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the relationship between serum total osteocalcin and measurements of adiposity, glucose tolerance, lipid profile, adipokine and chronic low-grade inflammation in middle-aged and elderly Chinese subjects. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional community-based study in central Shanghai. Serum total osteocalcin was measured by radioimmunoassay in 783 men and 946 post-menopausal women. Their associations with measurements of adiposity, glucose tolerance, lipid profile and chronic low-grade inflammation were examined. RESULTS Serum total osteocalcin levels revealed a sexual dimorphism, with post-menopausal women having significantly higher levels than men (P < 0.001). Serum osteocalcin levels of participants with self-reported cardiovascular disease were significantly lower (P = 0.044) than those without. In men, serum osteocalcin levels of participants with the metabolic syndrome were significantly lower than those without the metabolic syndrome (P = 0.036). Serum osteocalcin correlated negatively with fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides and total cholesterol, and positively with homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function in both men and post-menopausal women (all P < 0.05). In men, serum osteocalcin correlated negatively with BMI, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose and 2-h oral glucose tolerance test glucose after adjustment for age (all P < 0.05). In post-menopausal women, serum osteocalcin correlated negatively with waist-hip ratio, LDL cholesterol and C-reactive protein, and positively with adiponectin (all P < 0.05). Serum osteocalcin was not associated with CXC chemokine ligand 5 level (P > 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase was an independent predictor of serum osteocalcin in both men and post-menopausal women (both P < 0.001). Adiponectin was an independent predictor of serum osteocalcin in post-menopausal women (P = 0.011). Serum osteocalcin was an independent predictor of homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function in both genders (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum total osteocalcin was closely associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in both Chinese men and post-menopausal women.
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Jacobsen SC, Brøns C, Bork-Jensen J, Ribel-Madsen R, Yang B, Lara E, Hall E, Calvanese V, Nilsson E, Jørgensen SW, Mandrup S, Ling C, Fernandez AF, Fraga MF, Poulsen P, Vaag A. Effects of short-term high-fat overfeeding on genome-wide DNA methylation in the skeletal muscle of healthy young men. Diabetologia 2012; 55:3341-9. [PMID: 22961225 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Energy-dense diets that are high in fat are associated with a risk of metabolic diseases. The underlying molecular mechanisms could involve epigenetics, as recent data show altered DNA methylation of putative type 2 diabetes candidate genes in response to high-fat diets. We examined the effect of a short-term high-fat overfeeding (HFO) diet on genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in human skeletal muscle. METHODS Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained from 21 healthy young men after ingestion of a short-term HFO diet and a control diet, in a randomised crossover setting. DNA methylation was measured in 27,578 CpG sites/14,475 genes using Illumina's Infinium Bead Array. Candidate gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS HFO introduced widespread DNA methylation changes affecting 6,508 genes (45%), with a maximum methylation change of 13.0 percentage points. The HFO-induced methylation changes were only partly and non-significantly reversed after 6-8 weeks. Alterations in DNA methylation levels primarily affected genes involved in inflammation, the reproductive system and cancer. Few gene expression changes were observed and these had poor correlation to DNA methylation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The genome-wide DNA methylation changes induced by the short-term HFO diet could have implications for our understanding of transient epigenetic regulation in humans and its contribution to the development of metabolic diseases. The slow reversibility suggests a methylation build-up with HFO, which over time may influence gene expression levels.
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Elgzyri T, Parikh H, Zhou Y, Dekker Nitert M, Rönn T, Segerström ÅB, Ling C, Franks PW, Wollmer P, Eriksson KF, Groop L, Hansson O. First-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients have reduced expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:E1332-7. [PMID: 22547424 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2011-3037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT First-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (FH+) have been shown to have decreased energy expenditure and decreased expression of mitochondrial genes in skeletal muscle. In previous studies, it has been difficult to distinguish whether mitochondrial dysfunction and differential regulation of genes are primary (genetic) or due to reduced physical activity, obesity, or other correlated factors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary defect or results from an altered metabolic state. DESIGN We compared gene expression in skeletal muscle from 24 male subjects with FH and 26 without FH matched for age, glucose tolerance, VO(2peak) (peak oxygen uptake), and body mass index using microarrays. Additionally, type fiber composition, mitochondrial DNA content, and citrate synthase activity were measured. The results were followed up in an additional cohort with measurements of in vivo metabolism. RESULTS FH+ vs. FH- subjects showed reduced expression of mitochondrial genes (P = 2.75 × 10(-6)), particularly genes involved in fatty acid metabolism (P = 4.08 × 10(-7)), despite similar mitochondrial DNA content. Strikingly, a 70% reduced expression of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene was found in FH+ vs. FH- individuals (P = 0.0009). Down-regulation of the genes involved in fat metabolism was associated with decreased in vivo fat oxidation and increased glucose oxidation examined in an additional cohort of elderly men. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that genetically altered fatty acid metabolism predisposes to type 2 diabetes and propose a role for catecholamine-metabolizing enzymes like MAOA in the regulation of energy metabolism.
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Li CP, Ling C, Biancani P, Behar J. Effect of progesterone on colonic motility and fecal output in mice with diarrhea. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:392-e174. [PMID: 22284724 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2011.01875.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diarrhea and slow transit constipation (STC) have high 5-HT levels. In STC, the high 5-HT levels have been difficult to explain, as 5-HT stimulates peristalsis. Over expression of progesterone (P4) receptors in epithelial and muscle cells of the colon may reconcile this contradiction because P4 decreases SERT and increases 5-HT levels, but their effects are rendered ineffective because of the impaired muscle contraction. AIMS We examined whether P4 treatment could reduce the stool output in two mouse diarrheal models because of higher 5-HT levels, the SERT knock-out (KO), and the fluoxetine-treated mice. METHODS Contractility of colon circular muscle strips from wild mice was studied. Fecal water and dry fecal output were measured daily over a 4-day period in wild and SERT-KO mice and in fluoxetine-treated mice treated with IM saline or P4. 5-HT levels were measured using ELISA. KEY RESULTS Progesterone blocked the spontaneous and stimulated phasic contractions. Fecal water output measured in two consecutive 4-day periods was not different in wild and SERT-KO mice. The fecal output in the SERT-KO mice was higher than in wild mice. P4 treatment reduced the 4-day fecal output in both groups compared with saline treatment. Oral fluoxetine treatment increased 5-HT levels in wild mice and increased the 4-day fecal output compared with oral saline. P4 treatment caused a decrease in the fecal output in both groups. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Progesterone decreased the contractility of circular muscle strips, and reduced the fecal output in two diarrheal models, the SERT-KO and fluoxetine-treated mice.
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