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Luo CB, Lee CH, Chang FC, Lin CJ. Risk factors of recurrent carotid blowout syndrome and strategy of endovascular management. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:109-113. [PMID: 34369460 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) is a catastrophic complication after aggressive head and neck cancer treatment. Endovascular embolization is an effective modality to manage CBS. However, some CBS may have recurrent CBS (rCBS) after endovascular management. This study aims to report the potential rCBS risk and endovascular management strategy. METHODS Of the 225 patients with CBS referred for embolization in 13 years, 31 men and one woman (mean age, 55 years) with 35 rCBS with pseudoaneurysms formation were identified after endovascular management. Moreover, the rCBS preembolization angioarchitecture, rCBS cause, rCBS time interval, embolic materials selection, and final embolization clinical/angiographic outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS rCBS with pseudoaneurysm due to disease progression (DP) occurred in 17 patients, while 15 patients had insufficient embolization (IE) with 18 rCBS. The mean rCBS timing interval was 76 days with 129 and 12 days due to DP or IE. The most common rCBS locations were the carotid bulb and the main trunk of the external carotid artery (n = 20, 57%), followed by internal carotid artery (n = 8, 23%), distal branch of the external carotid artery (n = 4, 11%), and common carotid artery (n = 3, 9%). Endovascular management was technically successful in all patients by reconstruction (n = 7, 20%) or destruction (n = 28, 80%) techniques. Three patients (9%) had procedure-related complications. No rCBS was observed in all affected arteries after the last embolization in a mean 11-month clinical follow-up. CONCLUSION rCBS may result from DP or IE. The common location of IE-related rCBS usually occurred in the carotid branches. It occurred within two weeks of CBS largely because of the underestimation of the extension of the affected carotid artery. In addition, DP is natural in head and neck cancer after aggressive treatment. Thus, endovascular management remained an effective method to manage rCBS.
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Kim BJ, Park JI, Nam JH, Lee JH, Lee CH, Son JW, Park JS, Shin DG, Kim U, Her SH, Chang KY, Ahn TH, Jeong MH, Rha SW, Kim HS. Clinical impact of intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with drug eluting stent. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There is little data about clinical role of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided Percutaneous (PCI) in the setting of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods
From 2005 to 2018, a total of 8,129 patients who underwent PCI with STEMI were investigated from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health database. Patients with Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, bare metal stent implantation, thrombolytic treatment, and coronary artery bypass graft surgery were excluded. We categorized patients into two groups based on the treatment strategy: IVUS-guided PCI group (n=1,544), and coronary angiography guidance (CAG)-guided PCI group (n=6,585). The primary endpoint was composite of major adverse cardiovascular (MACE), including, cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), repeat target vessel revascularization (TVR) and stent thrombosis (ST).
Results
IVUS-guided PCI was performed in 19% patients (1544/8129). After propensity score matching, there were no statistically difference in the rate of cardiac death (0% in IVUS vs. 0.26% in CAG, p=0.947), MI (2.01% vs. 2.01%, p=0.408), TVR (1.23% vs. 0.91%, p=0.131), ST (0.32% vs. 0.45%, p=0.828) and composite of MACE at 1 year between two groups (2.01% vs. 2.40%, p=0.843). Independent risk factors for MACE were diabetes mellitus and multi-vessel disease, but not IVUS-guided PCI (HR 1.167, 95% CI, 0.896–1.520, p=0.251).
Conclusion
This study suggests that routine usage of IVUS in the setting of STEMI may not be necessary. Large-scaled random study will be needed for further evaluation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Lui DTW, Lee CH, Chau VWK, Fong CHY, Yeung KMY, Lam JKY, Lee ACH, Chow WS, Tan KCB, Woo YC, Lam KSL. Potential role of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the deterioration of bone quality in impaired glucose tolerance. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:523-530. [PMID: 32602078 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Findings on trabecular bone score (TBS), an index of bone quality, have been reported in prediabetes defined by impaired fasting glucose or HbA1c. Here, we assessed the bone mineral density (BMD) and TBS in prediabetes individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and investigated the association of these bone parameters with serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hormone implicated in bone metabolism and with higher levels in IGT. METHODS Chinese postmenopausal women aged 55-80 years, without diabetes, were recruited from the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study in 2016-2018. Normal glucose tolerance (NGT) was defined by fasting glucose < 5.6 mmol/L and 2-h plasma glucose (2hG) < 7.8 mmol/L, and IGT by 2hG 7.8-11 mmol/L. Serum levels of FGF21 and other bone metabolism regulators were measured. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by the Matsuda index. Independent determinants of TBS were evaluated using multivariable stepwise linear regression. RESULTS 173 individuals with NGT and 73 with IGT were included. TBS was lower in those with IGT compared to those with NGT, while BMD was comparable. Individuals with IGT had significantly higher serum FGF21 levels, which in turn showed an independent inverse relationship with TBS, attenuated after inclusion of the Matsuda index. Serum FGF21 levels, however, did not correlate with BMD. CONCLUSION Among Chinese postmenopausal women, bone quality was worse in IGT, despite comparable bone density. FGF21 levels showed a significant independent inverse relationship with TBS, partly attributed to insulin resistance. Whether FGF21 contributes to the impaired bone quality in IGT remains speculative.
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Lee CH, Ng PY, Pang SYY, Lam DCL, Lau CS. Successfully conducting an objective structured clinical examination with real patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:61-63. [PMID: 33558443 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj208839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lui DTW, Lee CH, Chan YH, Chow WS, Fong CHY, Siu DCW, Tse HF, Woo YC, Lam KSL. HbA1c variability, in addition to mean HbA1c, predicts incident hip fractures in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1955-1964. [PMID: 32385660 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of hip fractures. We hypothesize that long-term glycemic variability predicts incident hip fractures. We demonstrated that HbA1c variability predicted incident hip fractures independent of mean HbA1c, suggesting the potential benefits of minimizing glycemic variability in addition to optimizing mean glycemia for bone health. INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of hip fractures, and a linear relationship between HbA1c levels and hip fracture incidence has been observed. We hypothesize that HbA1c variability also predicts incident hip fractures in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes aged ≥ 60 years were identified from electronic health records in Hong Kong between 2008 and 2012 and observed for incident hip fractures. Hip fracture was defined by the International Classification of Diseases (Ninth Revision) code 820. HbA1c variability was determined using standard deviation, adjusted standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of HbA1c measurements in the 5 years preceding the entry date. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between HbA1c variability and incident hip fractures. RESULTS A total of 83,282 participants were included. Their mean age was 71.3 ± 7.5 years, duration of diabetes 11.7 ± 7.7 years, baseline HbA1c 56.6 ± 13.5 mmol/mol (7.33 ± 1.23%), and median follow-up 6.8 years. All indices of HbA1c variability were significant independent predictors of incident hip fractures, with an adjusted hazard ratio of up to 1.29 (all p < 0.001), and remained to be independent predictors across groups of different intensity of glycemic control. Mean HbA1c ≥ 64 mmol/mol (8.0%) was associated with a 25% increase in incident hip fractures compared with mean HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol (7.0%). CONCLUSION HbA1c variability is an independent positive predictor of hip fracture in type 2 diabetes, across the spectrum of varying degree of glycemic control, while a high HbA1c is also not advisable from the perspective of bone health.
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Abbott R, Abbott TD, Abraham S, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aich A, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Akcay S, Allen G, Allocca A, Altin PA, Amato A, Anand S, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Ansoldi S, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Aronson SM, Arun KG, Asali Y, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Aston SM, Astone P, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avendano V, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baer AM, Baird J, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Bals A, Balsamo A, Baltus G, Banagiri S, Bankar D, Bankar RS, Barayoga JC, Barbieri C, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barneo P, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Benjamin MG, Bentley JD, Bergamin F, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bhandari AV, Bidler J, Biggs E, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Bischi M, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bissenbayeva G, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bobba F, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Breschi M, Briant T, Briggs JH, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brooks J, Brown DD, Brunett S, Bruno G, Bruntz R, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buscicchio R, Buskulic D, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callaghan JD, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Canepa M, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Carapella G, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Carullo G, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Castañeda J, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cerdá-Durán P, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chakravarti K, Chan C, Chan M, Chandra K, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase EA, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Chaturvedi M, Chatziioannou K, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Cheong CK, Chia HY, Chiadini F, Chierici R, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Cho G, Cho HS, Cho M, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Ciecielag P, Cieślar M, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Clesse S, Cleva F, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colleoni M, Collette CG, Collins C, Colpi M, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corezzi S, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corre D, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Croquette M, Crowder SG, Cudell JR, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cummings R, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Curylo M, Canton TD, Dálya G, Dana A, Daneshgaran-Bajastani LM, D'Angelo B, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Darsow-Fromm C, Dasgupta A, Datrier LEH, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davies GS, Davis D, Daw EJ, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Delfavero M, De Lillo N, Del Pozzo W, DeMarchi LM, D'Emilio V, Demos N, Dent T, De Pietri R, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Diaz-Ortiz M, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Fronzo C, Di Giorgio C, Di Giovanni F, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Divakarla AK, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Downes TP, Drago M, Driggers JC, Du Z, Ducoin JG, Dupej P, Durante O, D'Urso D, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Eddolls G, Edelman B, Edo TB, Edy O, Effler A, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Ejlli A, Errico L, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Ewing BE, Fafone V, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fazio M, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fenyvesi E, Ferguson DL, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferreira TA, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fittipaldi R, Fitz-Axen M, Fiumara V, Flaminio R, Floden E, Flynn E, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fronzè G, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Galaudage S, Ganapathy D, Ganguly A, Gaonkar SG, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Gibson DR, Gier C, Gill K, Glanzer J, Gniesmer J, Godwin P, Goetz E, Goetz R, Gohlke N, Goncharov B, González G, Gopakumar A, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grace B, Grado A, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Grassia P, Gray C, Gray R, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Griggs HL, Grignani G, Grimaldi A, Grimm SJ, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Guimaraes AR, Guixé G, Gulati HK, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta P, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Haegel L, Halim O, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hansen TJ, Hanson J, Harder T, Hardwick T, Haris K, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hasskew RK, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Hayes FJ, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heinze J, Heitmann H, Hellman F, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennes E, Hennig J, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Hoback SY, Hochheim S, Hofgard E, Hofman D, Holgado AM, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Howell EJ, Hoy CG, Huang Y, Hübner MT, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hui V, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huxford R, Huynh-Dinh T, Idzkowski B, Iess A, Inchauspe H, Ingram C, Intini G, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Jacqmin T, Jadhav SJ, Jadhav SP, James AL, Jani K, Janthalur NN, Jaranowski P, Jariwala D, Jaume R, Jenkins AC, Jiang J, Johns GR, Johnson-McDaniel NK, Jones AW, Jones DI, Jones JD, Jones P, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Kastaun W, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Keivani A, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khadka S, Khalili FY, Khan I, Khan S, Khan ZA, Khazanov EA, Khetan N, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim GJ, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, Kimball C, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Knyazev E, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koekoek G, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kovalam M, Kozak DB, Kringel V, Krishnendu NV, Królak A, Krupinski N, Kuehn G, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Lackey BD, Laghi D, Lalande E, Lam TL, Lamberts A, Landry M, Lane BB, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, La Rosa I, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lecoeuche YK, Lee CH, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee J, Lee K, Lehmann J, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li AKY, Li J, Li K, Li TGF, Li X, Linde F, Linker SD, Linley JN, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Llorens-Monteagudo M, Lo RKL, Lockwood A, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, MacMillan IAO, Macquet A, Magaña Hernandez I, Magaña-Sandoval F, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Mapelli M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martinez V, Martynov DV, Masalehdan H, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Mavalvala N, Maynard E, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIsaac C, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Mehta AK, Mejuto Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merfeld K, Merilh EL, Merritt JD, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Meylahn F, Mhaske A, Miani A, Miao H, Michaloliakos I, Michel C, Middleton H, Milano L, Miller AL, Millhouse M, Mills JC, Milotti E, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Mishkin A, Mishra C, Mistry T, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Mo G, Mogushi K, Mohapatra SRP, Mohite SR, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Morawski F, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mozzon S, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Murray PG, Nagar A, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neil BF, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nichols D, Nichols SA, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Nocera F, Noh M, North C, Nothard D, Nuttall LK, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, Oganesyan G, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Olivetto C, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston RG, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Osthelder C, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page MA, Pagliaroli G, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Panda PK, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patricelli B, Payne E, Pearlstone BL, Pechsiri TC, Pedersen AJ, Pedraza M, Pele A, Penn S, Perego A, Perez CJ, Périgois C, Perreca A, Perriès S, Petermann J, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piendibene M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Piotrzkowski K, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Plastino W, Poggiani R, Pong DYT, Ponrathnam S, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Powell J, Prajapati AK, Prasai K, Prasanna R, Pratten G, Prestegard T, Principe M, Prodi GA, Prokhorov L, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quinonez PJ, Raab FJ, Raaijmakers G, Radkins H, Radulesco N, Raffai P, Rafferty H, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rao K, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Rettegno P, Ricci F, Richardson CJ, Richardson JW, Ricker PM, Riemenschneider G, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rodriguez-Soto RD, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romanelli M, Romano R, Romel CL, Romero-Shaw IM, Romie JH, Rose CA, Rose D, Rose K, Rosińska D, Rosofsky SG, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rowlinson SJ, Roy PK, Roy S, Roy S, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salafia OS, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sanders JR, Santiago KA, Santos E, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash BS, Sauter O, Savage RL, Savant V, Sawant D, Sayah S, Schaetzl D, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwarm O, Schwartz E, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sennett N, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer T, Sharifi S, Shahriar MS, Sharma A, Sharma P, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shikauchi M, Shink R, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Shukla K, ShyamSundar S, Siellez K, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Singer LP, Singh D, Singh N, Singha A, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Sipala V, Skliris V, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smetana J, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Soni S, Sorazu B, Sordini V, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Sowell E, Spencer AP, Spera M, Srivastava AK, Srivastava V, Staats K, Stachie C, Standke M, Steer DA, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Stevenson S, Stocks D, Stops DJ, Stover M, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Sudhagar S, Sudhir V, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Sur A, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Tanasijczuk AJ, Tanner DB, Tao D, Tápai M, Tapia A, Tapia San Martin EN, Tasson JD, Taylor R, Tenorio R, Terkowski L, Thirugnanasambandam MP, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thompson JE, Thondapu SR, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tinsman CL, Saravanan TR, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Tosta E Melo I, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Tringali MC, Tripathee A, Trovato A, Trudeau RJ, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsutsui T, Turconi M, Ubhi AS, Udall R, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Unnikrishnan CS, Urban AL, Usman SA, Utina AC, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, Valentini M, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, Van Heijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Veske D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vivanco FH, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace GS, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang JZ, Wang S, Wang WH, Ward RL, Warden ZA, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Weßels P, Westhouse JW, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken DM, Williams D, Willis JL, Willke B, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong ICF, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao L, Yamamoto H, Yang L, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yeeles DW, Yu H, Yu H, Yuen SHR, Zadrożny AK, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Zhao C, Zhao G, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J. GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150 M_{⊙}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:101102. [PMID: 32955328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search sensitive to generic transients. If GW190521 is from a quasicircular binary inspiral, then the detected signal is consistent with the merger of two black holes with masses of 85_{-14}^{+21} M_{⊙} and 66_{-18}^{+17} M_{⊙} (90% credible intervals). We infer that the primary black hole mass lies within the gap produced by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova processes, with only a 0.32% probability of being below 65 M_{⊙}. We calculate the mass of the remnant to be 142_{-16}^{+28} M_{⊙}, which can be considered an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH). The luminosity distance of the source is 5.3_{-2.6}^{+2.4} Gpc, corresponding to a redshift of 0.82_{-0.34}^{+0.28}. The inferred rate of mergers similar to GW190521 is 0.13_{-0.11}^{+0.30} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}.
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Cho JS, Jang BK, Lee SM, Lee IJ, Lee CH. Factors affecting the dormancy and germination of bleeding heart [Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara] seeds. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:514-521. [PMID: 31965672 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Information on the optimal conditions to promote the germination of Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara seeds is limited; consequently, this study was conducted to establish the requirements to break seed dormancy and promote germination. The selected seeds had morphophysiological dormancy and had not begun embryo development. To study the dormancy breaking and embryo development processes, seeds were subjected to constant or changing temperature treatments during moist stratification. High temperature and humidity resulted in vigorous embryo growth, with the longest embryos occurring after 1 month of incubation at 20 °C. At 4 °C, the seeds required incubation period of at least 3 months to germinate. Embryo growth and germination were higher with changing high and low temperatures than under a constant temperature, and changing temperatures also considerably changed the endogenous hormone levels, embryo development and germination. Bioactive gibberellin (GA) content was higher in seeds incubated at 20 °C for 1 month, then at 4 °C for 2 months. The content of endogenous abscisic acid in seeds subjected to the same treatment decreased by 97.6% compared with that of the untreated seeds. Embryo growth and seed germination require changing high and low temperatures; however, exogenous GA3 could substitute for high temperatures, as it also causes accelerated germination. In this study, the seeds of L. spectabilis were identified as an intermediate simple type, a sub-level of morphophysiologically dormant seeds.
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Lee CH. Topical rapamycin combined with calcitriol in treating angiofibromas in tuberous sclerosis complex. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:604-606. [PMID: 32338383 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pai N, Popov J, Hartung E, Hill L, Thabane L, Lee CH, Godin D, Grzywacz K, Moayyedi P. A227 RESULTS OF THE FIRST PAEDIATRIC RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED PILOT STUDY OF FAECAL MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANT FOR ACTIVE ULCERATIVE COLITIS (PEDIFETCH TRIAL). J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Do SH, Lee CH, Kihara T, Choi YS, Yoon S, Kim K, Cheong H, Chen WT, Chou F, Nojiri H, Choi KY. Randomly Hopping Majorana Fermions in the Diluted Kitaev System α-Ru_{0.8}Ir_{0.2}Cl_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:047204. [PMID: 32058744 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.047204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
dc and ac magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, specific heat, and Raman scattering measurements are combined to probe low-lying spin excitations in α-Ru_{1-x}Ir_{x}Cl_{3} (x≈0.2), which realizes a disordered spin liquid. At intermediate energies (ℏω>3 meV), Raman spectroscopy evidences linearly ω-dependent Majorana-like excitations, obeying Fermi statistics. This points to robustness of a Kitaev paramagnetic state under spin vacancies. At low energies below 3 meV, we observe power-law dependences and quantum-critical-like scalings of the thermodynamic quantities, implying the presence of a weakly divergent low-energy density of states. This scaling phenomenology is interpreted in terms of the random hoppings of Majorana fermions. Our results demonstrate an emergent hierarchy of spin excitations in a diluted Kitaev honeycomb system subject to spin vacancies and bond randomness.
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Abbott BP, Abbott R, Abbott TD, Abraham S, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Allen G, Allocca A, Aloy MA, Altin PA, Amato A, Anand S, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Aronson SM, Arun KG, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Aston SM, Astone P, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avendano V, Avila-Alvarez A, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baird J, Baker PT, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Bals A, Banagiri S, Barayoga JC, Barbieri C, Barclay SE, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barnum S, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Benjamin MG, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bidler J, Biggs E, Bilenko IA, Bilgili SA, Billingsley G, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Bischi M, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bloemen S, Bobba F, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bondu F, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Breschi M, Briant T, Briggs JH, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brooks J, Brown DD, Brunett S, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Campbell WA, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Carapella G, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Carullo G, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cerdá-Durán P, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chakravarti K, Chamberlin SJ, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase EA, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Chaturvedi M, Chatziioannou K, Cheeseboro BD, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Cheong CK, Chia HY, Chiadini F, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Cho G, Cho HS, Cho M, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Cieślar M, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Cleva F, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colleoni M, Collette CG, Collins C, Colpi M, Cominsky LR, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corezzi S, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corre D, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Cowan EE, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Croquette M, Crowder SG, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Canton TD, Dálya G, D'Angelo B, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Da Silva Costa CF, Datrier LEH, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Daw EJ, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, DeMarchi LM, Demos N, Dent T, De Pietri R, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, DiFronzo C, Di Giorgio C, Di Giovanni F, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Divakarla AK, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Downes TP, Drago M, Driggers JC, Du Z, Ducoin JG, Dupej P, Durante O, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Eddolls G, Edo TB, Effler A, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Errico L, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Fafone V, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fazio M, Fee C, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferreira TA, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fishner JM, Fittipaldi R, Fitz-Axen M, Fiumara V, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Floden E, Flynn E, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Fournier JD, Vivanco FH, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fronzè G, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Gammaitoni L, Gaonkar SG, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Gibson DR, Gill K, Glover L, Gniesmer J, Godwin P, Goetz E, Goetz R, Goncharov B, González G, Gonzalez Castro JM, Gopakumar A, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grace B, Grado A, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Grassia P, Gray C, Gray R, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Grimaldi A, Grimm SJ, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Gulati HK, Guo Y, Gupta A, Gupta A, Gupta P, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Haegel L, Halim O, Hall BR, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hansen TJ, Hanson J, Harder T, Hardwick T, Haris K, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hasskew RK, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Hayes FJ, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hellman F, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holgado AM, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Howell EJ, Hoy CG, Huang Y, Hübner MT, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hui V, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Idzkowski B, Iess A, Inchauspe H, Ingram C, Inta R, Intini G, Irwin B, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Jacqmin T, Jadhav SJ, Jani K, Janthalur NN, Jaranowski P, Jariwala D, Jenkins AC, Jiang J, Johnson DS, Jones AW, Jones DI, Jones JD, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khan I, Khan S, Khazanov EA, Khetan N, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, Kimball C, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klika JH, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koekoek G, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kovalam M, Kozak DB, Krämer C, Kringel V, Krishnendu N, Królak A, Krupinski N, Kuehn G, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Laghi D, Lai KH, Lam TL, Landry M, Lane BB, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lecoeuche YK, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee J, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon AK, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li A, Li J, Li KJL, Li TGF, Li X, Lin F, Linde F, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Llorens-Monteagudo M, Lo RKL, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lower ME, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Macquet A, Magaña Hernandez I, Magaña-Sandoval F, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Mapelli M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martinez V, Martynov DV, Masalehdan H, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McClincy P, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIsaac C, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Mehta AK, Meidam J, Mejuto Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merfeld K, Merilh EL, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Messina F, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Meylahn F, Miani A, Miao H, Michel C, Middleton H, Milano L, Miller AL, Millhouse M, Mills JC, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Mishkin A, Mishra C, Mistry T, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Mo G, Moffa D, Mogushi K, Mohapatra SRP, Molina-Ruiz M, Mondin M, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Morawski F, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Muciaccia F, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Muratore M, Murray PG, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neil BF, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Nevin L, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen C, Nguyen P, Nichols D, Nichols SA, Nissanke S, Nocera F, North C, Nuttall LK, Obergaulinger M, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, Oganesyan G, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston RG, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page MA, Pagliaroli G, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pan H, Panda PK, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patil M, Patricelli B, Payne E, Pearlstone BL, Pechsiri TC, Pedersen AJ, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pele A, Penn S, Perego A, Perez CJ, Périgois C, Perreca A, Petermann J, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Plastino W, Poggiani R, Pong DYT, Ponrathnam S, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Powell J, Prajapati AK, Prasad J, Prasai K, Prasanna R, Pratten G, Prestegard T, Principe M, Prodi GA, Prokhorov L, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quinonez PJ, Raab FJ, Raaijmakers G, Radkins H, Radulesco N, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rao K, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Rettegno P, Ricci F, Richardson CJ, Richardson JW, Ricker PM, Riemenschneider G, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romanelli M, Romano R, Romel CL, Romie JH, Rose CA, Rose D, Rose K, Rosińska D, Rosofsky SG, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salafia OS, Salconi L, Saleem M, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sanders JR, Santiago KA, Santos E, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash BS, Sauter O, Savage RL, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sennett N, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer T, Shahriar MS, Shaner MB, Sharma A, Sharma P, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shink R, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Shukla K, ShyamSundar S, Siellez K, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Singer LP, Singh D, Singh N, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Sitmukhambetov S, Skliris V, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Soni S, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Sowell E, Spencer AP, Spera M, Srivastava AK, Srivastava V, Staats K, Stachie C, Standke M, Steer DA, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Stevenson SP, Stocks D, Stone R, Stops DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Sudhir V, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Sur A, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Tanner DB, Tao D, Tápai M, Tapia A, Tasson JD, Taylor R, Tenorio R, Terkowski L, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thondapu SR, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Tringali MC, Tripathee A, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsutsui T, Tuyenbayev D, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Unnikrishnan CS, Urban AL, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, Valentini M, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, VanHeijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang S, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warden ZA, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westhouse JW, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken DM, Williams D, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao S, Xu R, Yamamoto H, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yeeles DW, Yu H, Yu H, Yuen SHR, Zadrożny AK, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Zhao C, Zhao G, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J, Shandera S. Search for Subsolar Mass Ultracompact Binaries in Advanced LIGO's Second Observing Run. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:161102. [PMID: 31702344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.161102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present a search for subsolar mass ultracompact objects in data obtained during Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In contrast to a previous search of Advanced LIGO data from the first observing run, this search includes the effects of component spin on the gravitational waveform. We identify no viable gravitational-wave candidates consistent with subsolar mass ultracompact binaries with at least one component between 0.2 M_{⊙}-1.0 M_{⊙}. We use the null result to constrain the binary merger rate of (0.2 M_{⊙}, 0.2 M_{⊙}) binaries to be less than 3.7×10^{5} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} and the binary merger rate of (1.0 M_{⊙}, 1.0 M_{⊙}) binaries to be less than 5.2×10^{3} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}. Subsolar mass ultracompact objects are not expected to form via known stellar evolution channels, though it has been suggested that primordial density fluctuations or particle dark matter with cooling mechanisms and/or nuclear interactions could form black holes with subsolar masses. Assuming a particular primordial black hole (PBH) formation model, we constrain a population of merging 0.2 M_{⊙} black holes to account for less than 16% of the dark matter density and a population of merging 1.0 M_{⊙} black holes to account for less than 2% of the dark matter density. We discuss how constraints on the merger rate and dark matter fraction may be extended to arbitrary black hole population models that predict subsolar mass binaries.
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Lee CH, Hsieh YK. Surgery for the Venous Disaster - Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens. Heart Surg Forum 2019; 22:E289-E293. [PMID: 31398094 DOI: 10.1532/hsf.2461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is an acute fulminating form of extensive venous thrombosis. Limb loss, post-thrombotic syndrome and life-threatening conditions can occur without appropriate management. Treatment methods vary; there presently is no consensus on the best form of treatment. Endovascular procedures have been a good option for treating deep vein thrombosis, yet they may be insufficient for patients suffering from phlegmasia cerulea dolens. Venous thrombectomy with the guidance of venography quickly relieves symptoms, hardly causes complications, yields optimal mid-term results, and can be a justifiable treatment for phlegmasia cerulea dolens.
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Abbott BP, Abbott R, Abbott TD, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adams T, Addesso P, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agarwal B, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen G, Allocca A, Aloy MA, Altin PA, Amato A, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Arun KG, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Ast M, Aston SM, Astone P, Atallah DV, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avila-Alvarez A, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baker PT, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Banagiri S, Barayoga JC, Barclay SE, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barnum S, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Batch JC, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Beer C, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Bensch M, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Bero JJ, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bilenko IA, Bilgili SA, Billingsley G, Billman CR, Birch J, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bloemen S, Bock O, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bohe A, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Booth CD, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossie K, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Briant T, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brisson V, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brown DD, Brunett S, Buchanan CC, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Bustillo JC, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Canepa M, Canizares P, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Capano CD, Capocasa E, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Carullo G, Diaz JC, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cepeda CB, Cerdá-Durán P, Cerretani G, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chamberlin SJ, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase E, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Chatziioannou K, Cheeseboro BD, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Chia HY, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Chmiel T, Cho HS, Cho M, Chow JH, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua AJK, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirelli CE, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Cleva F, Cocchieri C, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colla A, Collette CG, Collins C, Cominsky LR, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Cowan EE, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Crowder SG, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Canton TD, Dálya G, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Costa CFDS, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Daw EJ, Day B, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, Demos N, Denker T, Dent T, De Pietri R, Derby J, Dergachev V, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Dolique V, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Álvarez MD, Downes TP, Drago M, Dreissigacker C, Driggers JC, Du Z, Dupej P, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Edo TB, Edwards MC, Effler A, Eggenstein HB, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fee C, Fehrmann H, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferrini F, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fishner JM, Fitz-Axen M, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Forsyth SS, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Gammaitoni L, Ganija MR, Gaonkar SG, Garcia A, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Germain V, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Giazotto A, Gill K, Giordano G, Glover L, Goetz E, Goetz R, Goncharov B, González G, Castro JMG, Gopakumar A, Gorodetsky ML, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grado A, Graef C, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Gulati HK, Guo X, Gupta A, Gupta MK, Gushwa KE, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Halim O, Hall BR, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hamilton HF, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hart MJ, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heptonstall AW, Hernandez FJ, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Hoak D, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Houston EA, Howell EJ, Hreibi A, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hulko M, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Iess A, Indik N, Ingram C, Inta R, Intini G, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jani K, Jaranowski P, Johnson DS, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Karvinen KS, Kasprzack M, Katolik M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kemball AJ, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khamesra B, Khan H, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov EA, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, King EJ, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kowalska I, Kozak DB, Krämer C, Kringel V, Krishnan B, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Lai KH, Landry M, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Lo RKL, Lockerbie NA, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Hernandez IM, Magaña-Sandoval F, Zertuche LM, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martellini L, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martynov DV, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, Mazumder N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Meidam J, Mejuto-Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mendoza-Gandara D, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merilh EL, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Miao H, Michel C, Middleton H, Mikhailov EE, Milano L, Miller AL, Miller A, Miller BB, Miller J, Millhouse M, Mills J, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Ming J, Mishra C, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Moffa D, Mogushi K, Mohan M, Mohapatra SRP, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mueller G, Muir AW, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Muratore M, Murray PG, Nagar A, Napier K, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Nevin L, Newport JM, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen P, Nguyen TT, Nichols D, Nielsen AB, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Nocera F, Nolting D, North C, Nuttall LK, Obergaulinger M, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dea GD, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page J, Page MA, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pal-Singh A, Pan H, Pan HW, Pang B, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Papa MA, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patil M, Patricelli B, Pearlstone BL, Pedersen C, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pekowsky L, Pele A, Penn S, Perez CJ, Perreca A, Perri LM, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Poggiani R, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Possenti L, Post A, Powell J, Prasad J, Pratt JWW, Pratten G, Predoi V, Prestegard T, Principe M, Privitera S, Prodi GA, Prokhorov LG, Puncken O, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quintero EA, Quitzow-James R, Raab FJ, Rabeling DS, Radkins H, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Ren W, Ricci F, Ricker PM, Riemenschneider GM, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Robson T, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romano R, Romel CL, Romie JH, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sampson LM, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sandberg V, Sanders JR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash BS, Saulson PR, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawadsky A, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schuette D, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwalbe SG, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sennett N, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer TJ, Shah AA, Shahriar MS, Shaner MB, Shao L, Shapiro B, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Siellez K, Siemens X, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silva AD, Singer LP, Singh A, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smith B, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Spencer AP, Srivastava AK, Staats K, Steer DA, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Steltner B, Stevenson SP, Stocks D, Stone R, Stops DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Talukder D, Tamanini N, Tanner DB, Tápai M, Taracchini A, Tasson JD, Taylor JA, Taylor R, Tewari SV, Theeg T, Thies F, Thomas EG, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Tokmakov KV, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trinastic J, Tringali MC, Trozzo L, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tuyenbayev D, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Urban AL, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westerweck J, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams RD, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wimmer MH, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong WK, Worden J, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao S, Yam W, Yamamoto H, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yu H, Yu H, Yvert M, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang YH, Zhao C, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu SJ, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J. Tests of General Relativity with GW170817. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:011102. [PMID: 31386391 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.011102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recent discovery by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo of a gravitational wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral has enabled tests of general relativity (GR) with this new type of source. This source, for the first time, permits tests of strong-field dynamics of compact binaries in the presence of matter. In this Letter, we place constraints on the dipole radiation and possible deviations from GR in the post-Newtonian coefficients that govern the inspiral regime. Bounds on modified dispersion of gravitational waves are obtained; in combination with information from the observed electromagnetic counterpart we can also constrain effects due to large extra dimensions. Finally, the polarization content of the gravitational wave signal is studied. The results of all tests performed here show good agreement with GR.
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Choi YS, Lee CH, Lee S, Yoon S, Lee WJ, Park J, Ali A, Singh Y, Orain JC, Kim G, Rhyee JS, Chen WT, Chou F, Choi KY. Exotic Low-Energy Excitations Emergent in the Random Kitaev Magnet Cu_{2}IrO_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:167202. [PMID: 31075021 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.167202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report on magnetization M(H), dc and ac magnetic susceptibility χ(T), specific heat C_{m}(T) and muon spin relaxation (μSR) measurements of the Kitaev honeycomb iridate Cu_{2}IrO_{3} with quenched disorder. In spite of the chemical disorders, we find no indication of spin glass down to 260 mK from the C_{m}(T) and μSR data. Furthermore, a persistent spin dynamics observed by the zero-field muon spin relaxation evidences an absence of static magnetism. The remarkable observation is a scaling relation of χ[H,T] and M[H,T] in H/T with the scaling exponent α=0.26-0.28, expected from bond randomness. However, C_{m}[H,T]/T disobeys the predicted universal scaling law, pointing towards the presence of additional low-lying excitations on the background of bond-disordered spin liquid. Our results signify a many-faceted impact of quenched disorder in a Kitaev spin system due to its peculiar bond character.
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Shekarriz S, Lau J, Whelan F, Lee CH, Moayyedi P, Surette M. A4 INVESTIGATING MICROBIAL ENGRAFTMENT VIA A COMPREHENSIVE CULTURE-ENRICHED AND CULTURE-INDEPENDENT METAGENOMICS IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Adhikari P, Lee CH, Cosby DE, Cox NA, Kim WK. Effect of probiotics on fecal excretion, colonization in internal organs and immune gene expression in the ileum of laying hens challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1235-1242. [PMID: 30265331 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of probiotics on Salmonella colonization in the ceca and various internal organs as well as immune response in laying hens challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). Thirty-two 46-wk-old White Leghorns (W-36) were housed individually in wired laying cages under 16L:8D lighting schedule. Hens were challenged individually with nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella Enteritidis (SENAR) after which time they were grouped into four treatments: T1 = SENAR unchallenged control, T2 = SENAR challenged control, T3 = SENAR challenged + 0.05% probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum), and T4 = SENAR challenged + 0.1% probiotics. All hens, including T1, were euthanized and sampled for the liver with gall bladder (L/GB), ileum, ovary, spleen, and ceca on 7-days post-infection (dpi). Fecal screening was performed on individual hens at both 3 and 6 dpi. No difference was detected between the treatments in cecal SENAR enumeration, and the mean log 10 cfu/gm of SENAR in the ceca was 3.7 for all three treatments. The prevalence of SENAR was lowest for ovary in all treatments and was highest in the spleen. However, there were no significant differences among the treatments in the internal organs. There was no significant difference in the fecal shedding among the treatments on either 3 or 6 dpi, with incidence of positive feces higher at 3 dpi compared to 6 dpi (100 vs. 70% to 80%). SENAR challenge resulted in significant upregulation (P < 0.05) of interleukin (IL)-1β, 6, 10, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 mRNA expression. Highest level of probiotics resulted in a significant decrease in IFN-γ and elevation of IL-6 and IL-10 gene expression in the ileum. However, IL-1B and TLR-4 gene expression were not different from the SENAR challenge control. This study reveals that there was important regulation of immune genes by probiotics supplementation.
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Abbott BP, Abbott R, Abbott TD, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adams T, Addesso P, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agarwal B, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen G, Allocca A, Aloy MA, Altin PA, Amato A, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Arun KG, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Ast M, Aston SM, Astone P, Atallah DV, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avila-Alvarez A, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baker PT, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Banagiri S, Barayoga JC, Barclay SE, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barnum S, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Batch JC, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Beer C, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Bensch M, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Bero JJ, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bilenko IA, Bilgili SA, Billingsley G, Billman CR, Birch J, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bloemen S, Bock O, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bohe A, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Booth CD, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossie K, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Briant T, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brisson V, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brown DD, Brunett S, Buchanan CC, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Canepa M, Canizares P, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Capano CD, Capocasa E, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cepeda CB, Cerdá-Durán P, Cerretani G, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chamberlin SJ, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase E, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Chatziioannou K, Cheeseboro BD, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Chia HY, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Chmiel T, Cho HS, Cho M, Chow JH, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua AJK, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirelli CE, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Cleva F, Cocchieri C, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colla A, Collette CG, Collins C, Cominsky LR, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Cowan EE, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Crowder SG, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Canton TD, Dálya G, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Costa CFDS, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Daw EJ, Day B, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, Demos N, Denker T, Dent T, De Pietri R, Derby J, Dergachev V, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Di Fiore L, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Dolique V, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Dovale Álvarez M, Downes TP, Drago M, Dreissigacker C, Driggers JC, Du Z, Dupej P, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Edo TB, Edwards MC, Effler A, Eggenstein HB, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fee C, Fehrmann H, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferrini F, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fishner JM, Fitz-Axen M, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Forsyth SS, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Gammaitoni L, Ganija MR, Gaonkar SG, Garcia A, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Germain V, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Giazotto A, Gill K, Giordano G, Glover L, Goetz E, Goetz R, Goncharov B, González G, Gonzalez Castro JM, Gopakumar A, Gorodetsky ML, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grado A, Graef C, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Gulati HK, Guo X, Gupta A, Gupta MK, Gushwa KE, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Halim O, Hall BR, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hamilton HF, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hart MJ, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heptonstall AW, Hernandez FJ, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Hoak D, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Houston EA, Howell EJ, Hreibi A, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hulko M, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Iess A, Indik N, Ingram C, Inta R, Intini G, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jani K, Jaranowski P, Johnson DS, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Karvinen KS, Kasprzack M, Katolik M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kemball AJ, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khamesra B, Khan H, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov EA, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, King EJ, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kowalska I, Kozak DB, Krämer C, Kringel V, Krishnan B, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Lai KH, Landry M, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Lo RKL, Lockerbie NA, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Magaña Hernandez I, Magaña-Sandoval F, Magaña Zertuche L, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Martelli F, Martellini L, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martynov DV, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, Mazumder N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Meidam J, Mejuto-Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mendoza-Gandara D, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merilh EL, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Miao H, Michel C, Middleton H, Mikhailov EE, Milano L, Miller AL, Miller A, Miller BB, Miller J, Millhouse M, Mills J, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Ming J, Mishra C, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Moffa D, Mogushi K, Mohan M, Mohapatra SRP, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mueller G, Muir AW, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Muratore M, Murray PG, Nagar A, Napier K, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Nevin L, Newport JM, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen P, Nguyen TT, Nichols D, Nielsen AB, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Nocera F, Nolting D, North C, Nuttall LK, Obergaulinger M, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dea GD, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page J, Page MA, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pal-Singh A, Pan H, Pan HW, Pang B, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Papa MA, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patil M, Patricelli B, Pearlstone BL, Pedersen C, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pekowsky L, Pele A, Penn S, Perez CJ, Perreca A, Perri LM, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Poggiani R, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Possenti L, Post A, Powell J, Prasad J, Pratt JWW, Pratten G, Predoi V, Prestegard T, Principe M, Privitera S, Prodi GA, Prokhorov LG, Puncken O, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quintero EA, Quitzow-James R, Rabeling DS, Radkins H, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Ren W, Ricci F, Ricker PM, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Robson T, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romano R, Romel CL, Romie JH, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sampson LM, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sandberg V, Sanders JR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Saulson PR, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawadsky A, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schuette D, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwalbe SG, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer TJ, Shah AA, Shahriar MS, Shaner MB, Shao L, Shapiro B, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Siellez K, Siemens X, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silva AD, Singer LP, Singh A, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smith B, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Spencer AP, Srivastava AK, Staats K, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Steltner B, Stevenson SP, Stocks D, Stone R, Stops DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Talukder D, Tanner DB, Tápai M, Taracchini A, Tasson JD, Taylor JA, Taylor R, Tewari SV, Theeg T, Thies F, Thomas EG, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Tokmakov KV, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trinastic J, Tringali MC, Trozzo L, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsuna D, Tsukada L, Tuyenbayev D, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Urban AL, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westerweck J, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams RD, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wimmer MH, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong WK, Worden J, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao S, Yam W, Yamamoto H, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yu H, Yu H, Yvert M, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang YH, Zhao C, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu SJ, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, Zweizig J, Weinberg NN. Constraining the p-Mode-g-Mode Tidal Instability with GW170817. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:061104. [PMID: 30822067 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.061104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral. We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index. Incorporating these additional parameters, we compute the Bayes factor (lnB_{!pg}^{pg}) comparing our p-g model to a standard one. We find that the observed signal is consistent with waveform models that neglect p-g effects, with lnB_{!pg}^{pg}=0.03_{-0.58}^{+0.70} (maximum a posteriori and 90% credible region). By injecting simulated signals that do not include p-g effects and recovering them with the p-g model, we show that there is a ≃50% probability of obtaining similar lnB_{!pg}^{pg} even when p-g effects are absent. We find that the p-g amplitude for 1.4 M_{⊙} neutron stars is constrained to less than a few tenths of the theoretical maximum, with maxima a posteriori near one-tenth this maximum and p-g saturation frequency ∼70 Hz. This suggests that there are less than a few hundred excited modes, assuming they all saturate by wave breaking. For comparison, theoretical upper bounds suggest ≲10^{3} modes saturate by wave breaking. Thus, the measured constraints only rule out extreme values of the p-g parameters. They also imply that the instability dissipates ≲10^{51} erg over the entire inspiral, i.e., less than a few percent of the energy radiated as gravitational waves.
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Harris L, Arif S, Brady Z, Elliot M, Lee CH, Tsang KT. P77 Type II PEG fractures: collar or no collar. J Neurol Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesType 2 peg fractures are known to have low fusion rates but most are elderly with comorbidities and not fit for surgery. Increasingly, clinicians want to stop using hard collars due to its complications, but with little supporting evidence. We aim to provide data to add to this debate.DesignSingle centre cohort study.Subjects145 consecutive patients referred to a Major Trauma Centre as type 2 peg fracture.MethodsAll patients referred with a suspected peg fracture between March 2015 and December 2017 were included. All imaging were assessed and case notes reviewed for patient demographics, fracture management, complications and outcomes.Results102 cases were peg fractures (mean age=80 years). 92 (90.2%) were managed conservatively with a hard collar (mean of 87 days). 37% developed symptoms from the collar, namely pain, stiffness and non-tolerance. Bony union was achieved in only 39.1% of patients with increasing age being an independent risk factor (p<0.001). Of the 56 patients who did not have bony union, there were no reported symptoms and 90% were discharged without a collar. 2 patients were offered but declined fixation and neither reported any on-going symptoms.ConclusionsThis study adds to the body of evidence that fusion rates are low, and collar complications are not insignificant when type 2 peg fractures are treated in a hard collar. However, outcomes are good regardless of union, potentially rendering the collar unnecessary. We aim to conduct a randomised prospective study to further investigate.
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Abbott BP, Abbott R, Abbott TD, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adams T, Addesso P, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agarwal B, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen G, Allocca A, Aloy MA, Altin PA, Amato A, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Arun KG, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Ast M, Aston SM, Astone P, Atallah DV, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avila-Alvarez A, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baker PT, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Banagiri S, Barayoga JC, Barclay SE, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barnum S, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Batch JC, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Beer C, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Bensch M, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Bero JJ, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bilenko IA, Bilgili SA, Billingsley G, Billman CR, Birch J, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bloemen S, Bock O, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bohe A, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Booth CD, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossie K, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Briant T, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brisson V, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brown DD, Brunett S, Buchanan CC, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Canepa M, Canizares P, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Capano CD, Capocasa E, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cepeda CB, Cerdá-Durán P, Cerretani G, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chamberlin SJ, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase E, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Cheeseboro BD, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Chia HY, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Chmiel T, Cho HS, Cho M, Chow JH, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua AJK, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirelli CE, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Cleva F, Cocchieri C, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colla A, Collette CG, Collins C, Cominsky LR, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Cowan EE, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Crowder SG, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Canton TD, Dálya G, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Da Silva Costa CF, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Daw EJ, Day B, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, Demos N, Denker T, Dent T, De Pietri R, Derby J, Dergachev V, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, Deutsch AS, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Di Fiore L, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Dolique V, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Dovale Álvarez M, Downes TP, Drago M, Dreissigacker C, Driggers JC, Du Z, Dupej P, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Edo TB, Edwards MC, Effler A, Eggenstein HB, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fee C, Fehrmann H, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferrini F, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fishner JM, Fitz-Axen M, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Forsyth SS, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Gammaitoni L, Ganija MR, Gaonkar SG, Garcia A, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Germain V, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Giazotto A, Gill K, Giordano G, Glover L, Goetz E, Goetz R, Goncharov B, González G, Gonzalez Castro JM, Gopakumar A, Gorodetsky ML, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grado A, Graef C, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Gulati HK, Guo X, Gupta A, Gupta MK, Gushwa KE, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Halim O, Hall BR, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hamilton HF, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannuksela OA, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hart MJ, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heptonstall AW, Hernandez FJ, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Hoak D, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Houston EA, Howell EJ, Hreibi A, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hulko M, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Iess A, Indik N, Ingram C, Inta R, Intini G, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jani K, Jaranowski P, Johnson DS, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Karvinen KS, Kasprzack M, Katolik M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kemball AJ, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khamesra B, Khan H, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov EA, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, King EJ, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kowalska I, Kozak DB, Krämer C, Kringel V, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Lai KH, Landry M, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Lo RKL, Lockerbie NA, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Magaña Hernandez I, Magaña-Sandoval F, Magaña Zertuche L, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Martelli F, Martellini L, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martynov DV, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, Mazumder N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Meidam J, Mejuto-Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mendoza-Gandara D, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merilh EL, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Miao H, Michel C, Middleton H, Mikhailov EE, Milano L, Miller AL, Miller A, Miller BB, Miller J, Millhouse M, Mills J, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Ming J, Mishra C, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Moffa D, Mogushi K, Mohan M, Mohapatra SRP, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mueller G, Muir AW, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Muratore M, Murray PG, Nagar A, Napier K, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Nevin L, Newport JM, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen P, Nguyen TT, Nichols D, Nielsen AB, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Nocera F, Nolting D, North C, Nuttall LK, Obergaulinger M, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dea GD, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page J, Page MA, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pal-Singh A, Pan H, Pan HW, Pang B, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Papa MA, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patil M, Patricelli B, Pearlstone BL, Pedersen C, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pekowsky L, Pele A, Penn S, Perez CJ, Perreca A, Perri LM, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Poggiani R, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Possenti L, Post A, Powell J, Prasad J, Pratt JWW, Pratten G, Predoi V, Prestegard T, Principe M, Privitera S, Prodi GA, Prokhorov LG, Puncken O, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quintero EA, Quitzow-James R, Raab FJ, Rabeling DS, Radkins H, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Ren W, Ricci F, Ricker PM, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Robson T, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romano R, Romel CL, Romie JH, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sampson LM, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sandberg V, Sanders JR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash BS, Saulson PR, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawadsky A, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schuette D, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwalbe SG, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer TJ, Shah AA, Shahriar MS, Shaner MB, Shao L, Shapiro B, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Siellez K, Siemens X, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silva AD, Singer LP, Singh A, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smith B, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Spencer AP, Srivastava AK, Staats K, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Steltner B, Stevenson SP, Stocks D, Stone R, Stops DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Talukder D, Tanner DB, Tápai M, Taracchini A, Tasson JD, Taylor JA, Taylor R, Tewari SV, Theeg T, Thies F, Thomas EG, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Tokmakov KV, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trinastic J, Tringali MC, Trozzo L, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsuna D, Tsukada L, Tuyenbayev D, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Urban AL, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westerweck J, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams RD, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wimmer MH, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong WK, Worden J, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao S, Yam W, Yamamoto H, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yu H, Yu H, Yvert M, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang YH, Zhao C, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu SJ, Zhu XJ, Zucker ME, Zweizig J, Shandera S. Search for Subsolar-Mass Ultracompact Binaries in Advanced LIGO's First Observing Run. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:231103. [PMID: 30576173 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.231103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2 M_{⊙}-1.0 M_{⊙} using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016. We find no viable gravitational wave candidates. Our null result constrains the coalescence rate of monochromatic (delta function) distributions of nonspinning (0.2 M_{⊙}, 0.2 M_{⊙}) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.0×10^{6} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} and the coalescence rate of a similar distribution of (1.0 M_{⊙}, 1.0 M_{⊙}) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.9×10^{4} Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} (at 90% confidence). Neither black holes nor neutron stars are expected to form below ∼1 M_{⊙} through conventional stellar evolution, though it has been proposed that similarly low mass black holes could be formed primordially through density fluctuations in the early Universe and contribute to the dark matter density. The interpretation of our constraints in the primordial black hole dark matter paradigm is highly model dependent; however, under a particular primordial black hole binary formation scenario we constrain monochromatic primordial black hole populations of 0.2 M_{⊙} to be less than 33% of the total dark matter density and monochromatic populations of 1.0 M_{⊙} to be less than 5% of the dark matter density. The latter strengthens the presently placed bounds from microlensing surveys of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) provided by the MACHO and EROS Collaborations.
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Aisyah HA, Paridah MT, Khalina A, Sapuan SM, Wahab MS, Berkalp OB, Lee CH, Lee SH. Effects of Fabric Counts and Weave Designs on the Properties of Laminated Woven Kenaf/Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Hybrid Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1320. [PMID: 30961245 PMCID: PMC6401800 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of different fabric materials namely weave designs (plain and satin) and fabric counts (5 × 5 and 6 × 6) on the properties of laminated woven kenaf/carbon fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were evaluated. The hybrid composites were fabricated from two types of fabric, i.e., woven kenaf that was made from a yarn of 500tex and carbon fibre, by using vacuum infusion technique and epoxy resin as matrix. The panels were tested for tensile, flexural, and impact strengths. The results have revealed that plain fabric is more suitable than satin fabric for obtaining high tensile and impact strengths. Using a fabric count of 5 × 5 has generated composites that are significantly higher in flexural modulus as compared to 6 × 6 which may be attributed to their structure and design. The scanned electron micrographs of the fractured surfaces of the composites demonstrated that plain woven fabric composites had better adhesion properties than satin woven fabric composites, as indicated by the presence of notably lower amount of fibre pull out.
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Abbott BP, Abbott R, Abbott TD, Acernese F, Ackley K, Adams C, Adams T, Addesso P, Adhikari RX, Adya VB, Affeldt C, Agarwal B, Agathos M, Agatsuma K, Aggarwal N, Aguiar OD, Aiello L, Ain A, Ajith P, Allen B, Allen G, Allocca A, Aloy MA, Altin PA, Amato A, Ananyeva A, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Angelova SV, Antier S, Appert S, Arai K, Araya MC, Areeda JS, Arène M, Arnaud N, Arun KG, Ascenzi S, Ashton G, Ast M, Aston SM, Astone P, Atallah DV, Aubin F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, AultONeal K, Austin C, Avila-Alvarez A, Babak S, Bacon P, Badaracco F, Bader MKM, Bae S, Baker PT, Baldaccini F, Ballardin G, Ballmer SW, Banagiri S, Barayoga JC, Barclay SE, Barish BC, Barker D, Barkett K, Barnum S, Barone F, Barr B, Barsotti L, Barsuglia M, Barta D, Bartlett J, Bartos I, Bassiri R, Basti A, Batch JC, Bawaj M, Bayley JC, Bazzan M, Bécsy B, Beer C, Bejger M, Belahcene I, Bell AS, Beniwal D, Bensch M, Berger BK, Bergmann G, Bernuzzi S, Bero JJ, Berry CPL, Bersanetti D, Bertolini A, Betzwieser J, Bhandare R, Bilenko IA, Bilgili SA, Billingsley G, Billman CR, Birch J, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Biscoveanu S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Bizouard MA, Blackburn JK, Blackman J, Blair CD, Blair DG, Blair RM, Bloemen S, Bock O, Bode N, Boer M, Boetzel Y, Bogaert G, Bohe A, Bondu F, Bonilla E, Bonnand R, Booker P, Boom BA, Booth CD, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bossie K, Bossilkov V, Bosveld J, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady PR, Bramley A, Branchesi M, Brau JE, Briant T, Brighenti F, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brisson V, Brockill P, Brooks AF, Brown DD, Brunett S, Buchanan CC, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten HJ, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer RL, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callister TA, Calloni E, Camp JB, Canepa M, Canizares P, Cannon KC, Cao H, Cao J, Capano CD, Capocasa E, Carbognani F, Caride S, Carney MF, Carullo G, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cepeda CB, Cerdá-Durán P, Cerretani G, Cesarini E, Chaibi O, Chamberlin SJ, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chase E, Chassande-Mottin E, Chatterjee D, Chatziioannou K, Cheeseboro BD, Chen HY, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Chia HY, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Chmiel T, Cho HS, Cho M, Chow JH, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua AJK, Chua S, Chung KW, Chung S, Ciani G, Ciobanu AA, Ciolfi R, Cipriano F, Cirelli CE, Cirone A, Clara F, Clark JA, Clearwater P, Cleva F, Cocchieri C, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Cohen D, Colla A, Collette CG, Collins C, Cominsky LR, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper SJ, Corban P, Corbitt TR, Cordero-Carrión I, Corley KR, Cornish N, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa CA, Cotesta R, Coughlin MW, Coughlin SB, Coulon JP, Countryman ST, Couvares P, Covas PB, Cowan EE, Coward DM, Cowart MJ, Coyne DC, Coyne R, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Cripe J, Crowder SG, Cullen TJ, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Canton TD, Dálya G, Danilishin SL, D'Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Da Silva Costa CF, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davis D, Daw EJ, Day B, DeBra D, Deenadayalan M, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, Demos N, Denker T, Dent T, De Pietri R, Derby J, Dergachev V, De Rosa R, De Rossi C, DeSalvo R, de Varona O, Dhurandhar S, Díaz MC, Dietrich T, Di Fiore L, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Ding B, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Renzo F, Dmitriev A, Doctor Z, Dolique V, Donovan F, Dooley KL, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Dovale Álvarez M, Downes TP, Drago M, Dreissigacker C, Driggers JC, Du Z, Dupej P, Dwyer SE, Easter PJ, Edo TB, Edwards MC, Effler A, Eggenstein HB, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry SS, Eisenmann M, Eisenstein RA, Essick RC, Estelles H, Estevez D, Etienne ZB, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans TM, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr WM, Fauchon-Jones EJ, Favata M, Fays M, Fee C, Fehrmann H, Feicht J, Fejer MM, Feng F, Fernandez-Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira EC, Ferrini F, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fishbach M, Fisher RP, Fishner JM, Fitz-Axen M, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Fong H, Font JA, Forsyth PWF, Forsyth SS, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard HA, Gadre BU, Gaebel SM, Gair JR, Gammaitoni L, Ganija MR, Gaonkar SG, Garcia A, García-Quirós C, Garufi F, Gateley B, Gaudio S, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George D, George J, Gergely L, Germain V, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giacomazzo B, Giaime JA, Giardina KD, Giazotto A, Gill K, Giordano G, Glover L, Goetz E, Goetz R, Goncharov B, González G, Gonzalez Castro JM, Gopakumar A, Gorodetsky ML, Gossan SE, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grado A, Graef C, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Greco G, Green AC, Green R, Gretarsson EM, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Gruning P, Guidi GM, Gulati HK, Guo X, Gupta A, Gupta MK, Gushwa KE, Gustafson EK, Gustafson R, Halim O, Hall BR, Hall ED, Hamilton EZ, Hamilton HF, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hart MJ, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heptonstall AW, Hernandez FJ, Heurs M, Hild S, Hinderer T, Ho WCG, Hoak D, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Houston EA, Howell EJ, Hreibi A, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hulko M, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Iess A, Indik N, Ingram C, Inta R, Intini G, Irwin BS, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Iyer BR, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jani K, Jaranowski P, Johnson DS, Johnson WW, Jones DI, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Karvinen KS, Kasprzack M, Katolik M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kemball AJ, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khamesra B, Khan H, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov EA, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, King EJ, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kowalska I, Kozak DB, Krämer C, Kringel V, Krishnan B, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Lai KH, Landry M, Landry P, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li J, Li TGF, Li X, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu J, Liu X, Lo RKL, Lockerbie NA, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Magaña Hernandez I, Magaña-Sandoval F, Magaña Zertuche L, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Martelli F, Martellini L, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martynov DV, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, Mazumder N, McCann JJ, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McCormick S, McCuller L, McGuire SC, McIver J, McManus DJ, McRae T, McWilliams ST, Meacher D, Meadors GD, Mehmet M, Meidam J, Mejuto-Villa E, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mendoza-Gandara D, Mercer RA, Mereni L, Merilh EL, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers PM, Miao H, Michel C, Middleton H, Mikhailov EE, Milano L, Miller AL, Miller A, Miller BB, Miller J, Millhouse M, Mills J, Milovich-Goff MC, Minazzoli O, Minenkov Y, Ming J, Mishra C, Mitra S, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Moffa D, Mogushi K, Mohan M, Mohapatra SRP, Montani M, Moore CJ, Moraru D, Moreno G, Morisaki S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry CM, Mueller G, Muir AW, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muñiz EA, Muratore M, Murray PG, Nagar A, Napier K, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nayak RK, Neilson J, Nelemans G, Nelson TJN, Nery M, Neunzert A, Nevin L, Newport JM, Ng KY, Ng S, Nguyen P, Nguyen TT, Nichols D, Nielsen AB, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Nocera F, Nolting D, North C, Nuttall LK, Obergaulinger M, Oberling J, O'Brien BD, O'Dea GD, Ogin GH, Oh JJ, Oh SH, Ohme F, Ohta H, Okada MA, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O'Reilly B, Ormiston R, Ortega LF, O'Shaughnessy R, Ossokine S, Ottaway DJ, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pace AE, Pagano G, Page J, Page MA, Pai A, Pai SA, Palamos JR, Palashov O, Palomba C, Pal-Singh A, Pan H, Pan HW, Pang B, Pang PTH, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant BC, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Papa MA, Parida A, Parker W, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patil M, Patricelli B, Pearlstone BL, Pedersen C, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pekowsky L, Pele A, Penn S, Perego A, Perez CJ, Perreca A, Perri LM, Pfeiffer HP, Phelps M, Phukon KS, Piccinni OJ, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto IM, Pirello M, Pitkin M, Poggiani R, Popolizio P, Porter EK, Possenti L, Post A, Powell J, Prasad J, Pratt JWW, Pratten G, Predoi V, Prestegard T, Principe M, Privitera S, Prodi GA, Prokhorov LG, Puncken O, Punturo M, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Quetschke V, Quintero EA, Quitzow-James R, Raab FJ, Rabeling DS, Radkins H, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rajbhandari B, Rakhmanov M, Ramirez KE, Ramos-Buades A, Rana J, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Read J, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze DH, Ren W, Ricci F, Ricker PM, Riemenschneider GM, Riles K, Rizzo M, Robertson NA, Robie R, Robinet F, Robson T, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins JG, Roma VJ, Romano R, Romel CL, Romie JH, Rosińska D, Ross MP, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Rutins G, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sakellariadou M, Salconi L, Saleem M, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sampson LM, Sanchez EJ, Sanchez LE, Sanchis-Gual N, Sandberg V, Sanders JR, Sarin N, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash BS, Saulson PR, Sauter O, Savage RL, Sawadsky A, Schale P, Scheel M, Scheuer J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield RMS, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schuette D, Schulte BW, Schutz BF, Schwalbe SG, Scott J, Scott SM, Seidel E, Sellers D, Sengupta AS, Sentenac D, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock DA, Shaffer TJ, Shah AA, Shahriar MS, Shaner MB, Shao L, Shapiro B, Shawhan P, Shen H, Shoemaker DH, Shoemaker DM, Siellez K, Siemens X, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silva AD, Singer LP, Singh A, Singhal A, Sintes AM, Slagmolen BJJ, Slaven-Blair TJ, Smith B, Smith JR, Smith RJE, Somala S, Son EJ, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Spencer AP, Srivastava AK, Staats K, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Steltner B, Stevenson SP, Stocks D, Stone R, Stops DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tait SC, Talbot C, Talukder D, Tanner DB, Tápai M, Taracchini A, Tasson JD, Taylor JA, Taylor R, Tewari SV, Theeg T, Thies F, Thomas EG, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Tokmakov KV, Toland K, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trinastic J, Tringali MC, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Tsang KW, Tse M, Tso R, Tsuna D, Tsukada L, Tuyenbayev D, Ueno K, Ugolini D, Urban AL, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand JFJ, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde DC, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen JV, van Veggel AA, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vinciguerra S, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Wang H, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westerweck J, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken D, Williams D, Williams RD, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wimmer MH, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Wong WK, Worden J, Wright JL, Wu DS, Wysocki DM, Xiao S, Yam W, Yamamoto H, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yu H, Yu H, Yvert M, Zadrożny A, Zanolin M, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang YH, Zhao C, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu SJ, Zhu XJ, Zimmerman AB, Zlochower Y, Zucker ME, Zweizig J. GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:161101. [PMID: 30387654 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.161101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were neutron stars that are described by the same equation of state and have spins within the range observed in Galactic binary neutron stars. Our analysis employs two methods: the use of equation-of-state-insensitive relations between various macroscopic properties of the neutron stars and the use of an efficient parametrization of the defining function p(ρ) of the equation of state itself. From the LIGO and Virgo data alone and the first method, we measure the two neutron star radii as R_{1}=10.8_{-1.7}^{+2.0} km for the heavier star and R_{2}=10.7_{-1.5}^{+2.1} km for the lighter star at the 90% credible level. If we additionally require that the equation of state supports neutron stars with masses larger than 1.97 M_{⊙} as required from electromagnetic observations and employ the equation-of-state parametrization, we further constrain R_{1}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4} km and R_{2}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4} km at the 90% credible level. Finally, we obtain constraints on p(ρ) at supranuclear densities, with pressure at twice nuclear saturation density measured at 3.5_{-1.7}^{+2.7}×10^{34} dyn cm^{-2} at the 90% level.
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Lee JH, Son BC, Jung SY, Lee CH, Son JW, Kim U, Park JS, Shin DG. P1715Clinical effects of beta blocker selectivity and dosage regimens in acute myocardial infarction: propensity-score matching analysis. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koo CY, Tai BC, Chan KHD, Tan KK, Lee CH. P3499Predictors of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in patients newly diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma after surgical resection. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Aung AT, Chan SP, Kyaing TT, Lee CH. P5726Diabetes mellitus is associated with high sleep-time blood pressure and non-dipping pattern. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lee S, Kim BJ, Lee CH, Lee WS. Increased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:1214-1221. [PMID: 29633370 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alopecia areata (AA) is a hair follicle-specific autoimmune disorder. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with various autoimmune disorders for its immunomodulatory effects. However, in previous studies, there had been inconsistent association found between AA and vitamin D deficiency. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the differences of the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and prevalence of vitamin D deficiency between AA patients and non-AA population. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies on AA and serum vitamin D levels and/or prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was performed searching MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. RESULTS In all, 14 studies including a total of 1255 AA subjects and 784 non-AA control were analysed. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was significantly lower in AA subjects (-8.52 ng/dL; 95% confidential interval; -5.50 to -11.53). The AA subjects had higher odds of vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio of 3.89; 2.02 to 7.49, mean prevalence of 73.8%; 59.1 to 84.6%). However, it was difficult to find clear correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and extent of hair loss in AA subjects. CONCLUSION The AA subjects had lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, and vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent compared to non-AA controls. Hence, vitamin D deficiency should be assessed in AA patients. Furthermore, nutritional supplementation of vitamin D or topical vitamin D analogues can be considered for AA patients with vitamin D deficiency. The limitation of this study is the highly heterogeneity of the included studies.
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