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D’Angelo V, Tessari F, Bellagamba G, De Luca E, Cifelli R, Celia C, Primavera R, Di Francesco M, Paolino D, Di Marzio L, Locatelli M. Microextraction by packed sorbent and HPLC–PDA quantification of multiple anti-inflammatory drugs and fluoroquinolones in human plasma and urine. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:110-116. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1209496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Dalle Zotte A, Celia C, Szendrő Z. Herbs and spices inclusion as feedstuff or additive in growing rabbit diets and as additive in rabbit meat: A review. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Celia C, Cullere M, Gerencsér Z, Matics Z, Giaccone V, Kovács M, Bónai A, Szendrő Z, Dalle Zotte A. Dietary supplementation of Digestarom® herbal formulation: effect on apparent digestibility, faecal and caecal microbial counts and live performance of growing rabbits. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2016.4069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
<p>The experiment aimed to study the effect of Digestarom® dietary inclusion (herbal formulation containing a mixture of essential oils, herbs, spices and extracts) on apparent digestibility and digestive ecosystem of growing rabbits, as well as the effects of its supplementation before and after weaning on growth performance. At kindling, rabbit does and litters were divided into 2 dietary groups (51 does/group) and fed either a control diet (C) or a diet supplemented with 300 mg Digestarom®/kg diet (D) until weaning, which occurred at 35 d (before weaning supplementation). Each group was further divided into 3 dietary groups: CC received the control diet and DD received the D diet from 5 to 12 wk of age, and DC were fed with D (from 5 to 8 wk of age) and C diets (from 8 to 12 wk of age) (after weaning supplementation; 54 kits/group). An in vivo digestibility trial and a faecal microbial count were carried out on growing rabbits that received only the C or D diets during the trial. The C group showed higher DM intake than D group (215 vs. 196 g/d; P<0.05). The faecal digestibility of ether extract (75.9 vs. 59.8%; P<0.001), cellulose (25.9 vs. 20.6%; P<0.05) and gross energy (51.8 vs. 49.1%; P<0.05) was higher for C than for D group, whereas that of starch (98.9 vs. 98.8%; P<0.001) and the digestible protein to digestible energy ratio (13.9 vs. 13.2 g digestible protein/MJ digestible energy; P<0.01) was the highest for rabbits fed D diet. Stomach and caecal pH, caecal and faecal microbial counts were independent of the dietary treatment. The only exception was the stomach pH in 8 wk-old rabbits, which had the lowest value in C rabbits (P<0.05). The D supplementation before weaning improved feed conversion ratio throughout the growing phase (4.3 vs. 4.4 for D and C, respectively; P<0.05), whereas significant differences in daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality were observed only in the first period after weaning. Based on the results obtained, dietary supplementation with Digestarom® does not seem to confirm the positive results previously reported for growing rabbits.</p>
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Celia C, Cullere M, Gerencsér Z, Matics Z, Tasoniero G, Dal Bosco A, Giaccone V, Szendrő Z, Dalle Zotte A. Effect of pre- and post-weaning dietary supplementation with Digestarom® herbal formulation on rabbit carcass traits and meat quality. Meat Sci 2016; 118:89-95. [PMID: 27062101 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated effects of Digestarom® (D) dietary inclusion before weaning (0-5weeks old; BW) and/or after weaning (5-12weeks old; AW) on growing rabbit carcass traits and meat quality. During BW, Pannon-Ka rabbits (does, kits) received two diets: a control diet (C) and one supplemented with 300mg Digestarom®/kg (D). At weaning, each group was divided into 3 dietary sub-groups: CC and DD received C and D diets from 5 to 12weeks of age, whereas DC was fed D from 5 to 8weeks and C from 8 to 12weeks of age (54 rabbits/group; AW). Rabbits were slaughtered at 12weeks of age. Digestarom® supplementation improved carcass yield and body mid part proportion only when administered BW. Rabbits fed D BW had higher hind leg meat cooking losses. Loin meat spiciness and rancidity increased with D both BW and AW. In conclusion, Digestarom(®) herbal formulation was ineffective in improving growing rabbit carcass traits or meat quality.
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Licciardi M, Paolino D, Mauro N, Cosco D, Giammona G, Fresta M, Cavallaro G, Celia C. Cationic Supramolecular Vesicular Aggregates for Pulmonary Tissue Selective Delivery in Anticancer Therapy. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1734-44. [PMID: 27273893 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The biopharmaceutical properties of supramolecular vesicular aggregates (SVAs) were characterized with regard to their physicochemical features and compared with cationic liposomes (CLs). Neutral and cationic SVAs were synthesized using two different copolymers of poly(aspartyl hydrazide) by thin-layer evaporation and extrusion techniques. Both copolymers were self-assembled in pre-formulated liposomes and formed neutral and cationic SVAs. Gemcitabine hydrochloride (GEM) was used as an anticancer drug and loaded by a pH gradient remote loading procedure, which significantly increased drug loading inside the SVAs. The resulting average size of the SVAs was 100 nm. The anticancer activity of GEM-loaded neutral and cationic SVAs was tested in human alveolar basal epithelial (A549) and colorectal cancer (CaCo-2) cells. GEM-loaded cationic SVAs increased the anticancer activity in A549 and CaCo-2 cells relative to free drug, neutral SVAs, and CLs. In vivo biodistribution in Wistar rats showed that cationic SVAs accumulate at higher concentrations in lung tissue than neutral SVAs and CLs. Cationic SVAs may therefore serve as an innovative future therapy for pulmonary carcinoma.
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Marianecci C, Di Marzio L, Del Favero E, Cantù L, Brocca P, Rondelli V, Rinaldi F, Dini L, Serra A, Decuzzi P, Celia C, Paolino D, Fresta M, Carafa M. Niosomes as Drug Nanovectors: Multiscale pH-Dependent Structural Response. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1241-9. [PMID: 26740247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanocarriers, which respond to different stimuli controlling their physicochemical properties and biological responsivness, shows a growing interest in pharmaceutical science. The stimuli are activated by targeting tissues and biological compartments, e.g., pH modification, temperature, redox condition, enzymatic activity, or can be physically applied, e.g., a magnetic field and ultrasound. pH modification represents the easiest method of passive targeting, which is actually used to accumulate nanocarriers in cells and tissues. The aim of this paper was to physicochemically characterize pH-sensitive niosomes using different experimental conditions and demonstrate the effect of surfactant composition on the supramolecular structure of niosomes. In this attempt, niosomes, made from commercial (Tween21) and synthetic surfactants (Tween20 derivatives), were physicochemically characterized by using different techniques, e.g., transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. The changes of niosome structure at different pHs depend on surfactants, which can affect the supramolecular structure of colloidal nanocarriers and their potential use both in vitro and in vivo. At pH 7.4, the shape and structure of niosomes have been maintained; however, niosomes show some differences in terms of bilayer thicknesses, water penetration, membrane coupling, and cholesterol dispersion. The acid pH (5.5) can increase the bilayer fluidity, and affect the cholesterol depletion. In fact, Tween21 niosomes form large vesicles with lower curvature radius at acid pH; while Tween20-derivative niosomes increase the intrachain mobility within a more interchain correlated membrane. These results demonstrate that the use of multiple physicochemical procedures provides more information about supramolecular structures of niosomes and improves the opportunity to deeply investigate the effect of stimuli responsiveness on the niosome structure.
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Grande R, Di Marcantonio MC, Robuffo I, Pompilio A, Celia C, Di Marzio L, Paolino D, Codagnone M, Muraro R, Stoodley P, Hall-Stoodley L, Mincione G. Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43629/NCTC 11639 Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) from Biofilm and Planktonic Phase Associated with Extracellular DNA (eDNA). Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1369. [PMID: 26733944 PMCID: PMC4679919 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori persistence is associated with its capacity to develop biofilms as a response to changing environmental conditions and stress. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is a component of H. pylori biofilm matrix but the lack of DNase I activity supports the hypothesis that eDNA might be protected by other extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and/or Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs), which bleb from the bacteria surface during growth. The aim of the present study was to both identify the eDNA presence on OMVs segregated from H. pylori ATCC 43629/NCTC 11639 biofilm (bOMVs) and its planktonic phase (pOMVs) and to characterize the physical-chemical properties of the OMVs. The presence of eDNA in bOMVs and pOMVs was initially carried out using DNase I-gold complex labeling and Transmission Electron Microscope analysis (TEM). bOMVs and pOMVs were further isolated and physical-chemical characterization carried out using dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. eDNA associated with OMVs was detected and quantified using a PicoGreen spectrophotometer assay, while its extraction was performed with a DNA Kit. TEM images showed that eDNA was mainly associated with the OMV membrane surfaces; while PicoGreen staining showed a four-fold increase of dsDNA in bOMVs compared with pOMVs. The eDNA extracted from OMVs was visualized using gel electrophoresis. DLS analysis indicated that both planktonic and biofilm H. pylori phenotypes generated vesicles, with a broad distribution of sizes on the nanometer scale. The DLS aggregation assay suggested that eDNA may play a role in the aggregation of OMVs, in the biofilm phenotype. Moreover, the eDNA associated with vesicle membrane may impede DNase I activity on H. pylori biofilms. These results suggest that OMVs derived from the H. pylori biofilm phenotype may play a structural role by preventing eDNA degradation by nucleases, providing a bridging function between eDNA strands on OMV surfaces and promoting aggregation.
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Scavo MP, Gentile E, Wolfram J, Gu J, Barone M, Evangelopoulos M, Martinez JO, Liu X, Celia C, Tasciotti E, Vilar E, Shen H. Multistage vector delivery of sulindac and silymarin for prevention of colon cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:694-703. [PMID: 26513752 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited condition secondary to germline mutations in the APC gene, thus resulting in the formation of hundreds of colonic adenomas that eventually progress into colon cancer. Surgical removal of the colon remains the only treatment option to avoid malignancy, as long-term exposure to chemopreventive agents such as sulindac (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) and silymarin (phytoestrogen) is not feasible. Here, we have developed a multistage silicon-based drug delivery platform for sulindac and silymarin that preferentially interacts with colon cancer cells as opposed to normal intestinal mucosa. Preferential binding and internalization of these drugs into colon cancer cells was obtained using a targeting strategy against the protein meprin A, which we demonstrate is overexpressed in human colon cancer cells and in the small intestine of Apc(Min/+) mice. We propose that this delivery system could potentially be used to reduce drug-induced side effects in FAP patients, thus enabling long-term prevention of adenoma formation.
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Celia C. Editorial: Supramolecular Systems in Nanomedicines: Therapeutic Applications and Future Perspectives - Part I. Curr Drug Targets 2015; 16:1406. [PMID: 26553009 DOI: 10.2174/138945011613151031144710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Caddeo C, Manconi M, Sinico C, Valenti D, Celia C, Monduzzi M, Fadda A. Penetration Enhancer-Containing Vesicles: Does the Penetration Enhancer Structure Affect Topical Drug Delivery? Curr Drug Targets 2015; 16:1438-47. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450115666140804224024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kirui DK, Celia C, Molinaro R, Bansal SS, Cosco D, Fresta M, Shen H, Ferrari M. Mild hyperthermia enhances transport of liposomal gemcitabine and improves in vivo therapeutic response. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1092-103. [PMID: 25721343 PMCID: PMC4433418 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive biological barriers limit the transport and efficacy of cancer nanotherapeutics. Creative manipulation of tumor microenvironment provides promising avenues towards improving chemotherapeutic response. Such strategies include the use of mechanical stimuli to overcome barriers, and increase drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy. The rational use of gold nanorod-mediated mild hyperthermia treatment (MHT) alters tumor transport properties, increases liposomal gemcitabine (Gem Lip) delivery, and antitumor efficacy in pancreatic cancer CAPAN-1 tumor model. MHT treatment leads to a threefold increase in accumulation of 80-nm liposomes and enhances spatial interstitial distribution. I.v. injection of Gem Lip and MHT treatment lead to a threefold increase in intratumor gemcitabine concentration compared to chemotherapeutic infusion alone. Furthermore, combination of MHT treatment with infusion of 12 mg kg(-1) Gem Lip leads to a twofold increase in therapeutic efficacy and inhibition of CAPAN-1 tumor growth when compared to equimolar chemotherapeutic treatment alone. Enhanced therapeutic effect is confirmed by reduction in tumor size and increase in apoptotic index where MHT treatment combined with 12 mg kg(-1) Gem Lip achieves similar therapeutic efficacy as the use of 60 mg kg(-1) free gemcitabine. In conclusion, improvements in vivo efficacy are demonstrated resulting from MHT treatment that overcome transport barriers, promote delivery, improve efficacy of nanomedicines.
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Paolino D, Licciardi M, Celia C, Giammona G, Fresta M, Cavallaro G. Bisphosphonate–polyaspartamide conjugates as bone targeted drug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:250-259. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00955j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly-hydroxy-aspartamide was used as a backbone to synthesize bisphosphonate derivatives thus achieving macromolecular carriers to be potentially used as targeting agents for bone drug delivery.
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Cosco D, Paolino D, De Angelis F, Cilurzo F, Celia C, Di Marzio L, Russo D, Tsapis N, Fattal E, Fresta M. Aqueous-core PEG-coated PLA nanocapsules for an efficient entrapment of water soluble anticancer drugs and a smart therapeutic response. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 89:30-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pasut G, Paolino D, Celia C, Mero A, Joseph AS, Wolfram J, Cosco D, Schiavon O, Shen H, Fresta M. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dendron phospholipids as innovative constructs for the preparation of super stealth liposomes for anticancer therapy. J Control Release 2014; 199:106-13. [PMID: 25499917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pegylation of nanoparticles has been widely implemented in the field of drug delivery to prevent macrophage clearance and increase drug accumulation at a target site. However, the shielding effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) is usually incomplete and transient, due to loss of nanoparticle integrity upon systemic injection. Here, we have synthesized unique PEG-dendron-phospholipid constructs that form super stealth liposomes (SSLs). A β-glutamic acid dendron anchor was used to attach a PEG chain to several distearoyl phosphoethanolamine lipids, thereby differing from conventional stealth liposomes where a PEG chain is attached to a single phospholipid. This composition was shown to increase liposomal stability, prolong the circulation half-life, improve the biodistribution profile and enhance the anticancer potency of a drug payload (doxorubicin hydrochloride).
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Celia C, Locatelli M, Cilurzo F, Cosco D, Gentile E, Scalise D, Carafa M, Ventura CA, Fleury M, Tisserand C, Barbacane RC, Fresta M, Di Marzio L, Paolino D. Long Term Stability Evaluation of Prostacyclin Released from Biomedical Device through Turbiscan Lab Expert. Med Chem 2014; 11:391-9. [PMID: 25381994 PMCID: PMC4475780 DOI: 10.2174/1573406410666141110153502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic guidelines indicate prostacyclin as the first line of treatment in inflammation and vascular diseases. Prostacyclins prevent formation of the platelet plug involved in primary hemostasis by inhibiting platelet activation and, combined with thromboxane, are effective vasodilators in vascular damage. Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus Document on Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease II guidelines indicates prostacyclins; in particular, Iloprost, as the first therapeutic option for treating peripheral arterial disease. However, therapeutic efficacy of Iloprost has witnessed several drawbacks that have occurred in patients receiving repeated weekly administration of the drug by intravenous infusions. Adverse reactions arose under perfusion with Iloprost for 6 h and patient compliance was drastically decreased. Biomedical devices could provide a suitable alternative to overcome these drawbacks. In particular, elastomeric pumps, filled with Iloprost isotonic solution, could slowly release the drug, thus decreasing its side effects, representing a valid alternative to hospitalization of patients affected by peripheral arterial disease. However, the home therapy treatment of patients requires long-term stability of Iloprost in solution-loaded elastomeric pumps. The aim of this work was to investigate the long-term stability of Iloprost isotonic solution in biomedical devices using Turbiscan technology. Turbiscan Lab Expert (L'Union, France) predicts the long-term stability of suspensions, emulsions and colloidal formulations by measuring backscattering and transmission of particulates dispersed in solution. The formulations were evaluated by measuring the variation of physical-chemical properties of colloids and suspensions as a function of backscattering and transmission modifications. In addition, the release profile of Iloprost isotonic solution from the biomedical device was evaluated.
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Cosco D, Marzio L, Marianecci C, Trapasso E, Paolino D, Celia C, Carafa M, Fresta M. Colloidal Supramolecular Aggregates for Therapeutic Application in Neuromedicine. Curr Med Chem 2014; 21:4132-53. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666140826113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hannan TJ, Celia C. Are doctors the structural weakness in the e-health building? Intern Med J 2014; 43:1155-64. [PMID: 24134174 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive evaluations by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) demonstrate that health care is now or becoming unaffordable. This means nations must change the way they manage health care. The costly nature of health care in most nations, as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) seems independent of the national funding models. Increasing evidence is demonstrating that the lack of involvement by clinicians (doctors, nurses, pharmacists, ancillary care and patients) in e-health projects is a major factor for the costly failures of many of these projects. The essential change in focus required to improve healthcare delivery using e-health technologies has to be on clinical care. To achieve this change clinicians must be involved at all stages of e-health implementations. From a clinicians perspective medicine is not a business. Our business is clinical medicine and e-health must be focussed on clinical decision making. This paper views the roles of physicians in e-health structural reforms.
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Paolino D, Cosco D, Gaspari M, Celano M, Wolfram J, Voce P, Puxeddu E, Filetti S, Celia C, Ferrari M, Russo D, Fresta M. Targeting the thyroid gland with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-nanoliposomes. Biomaterials 2014; 35:7101-9. [PMID: 24836306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Various tissue-specific antibodies have been attached to nanoparticles to obtain targeted delivery. In particular, nanodelivery systems with selectivity for breast, prostate and cancer tissue have been developed. Here, we have developed a nanodelivery system that targets the thyroid gland. Nanoliposomes have been conjugated to the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which binds to the TSH receptor (TSHr) on the surface of thyrocytes. The results indicate that the intracellular uptake of TSH-nanoliposomes is increased in cells expressing the TSHr. The accumulation of targeted nanoliposomes in the thyroid gland following intravenous injection was 3.5-fold higher in comparison to untargeted nanoliposomes. Furthermore, TSH-nanoliposomes encapsulated with gemcitabine showed improved anticancer efficacy in vitro and in a tumor model of follicular thyroid carcinoma. This drug delivery system could be used for the treatment of a broad spectrum of thyroid diseases to reduce side effects and improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Engvall JC, Padula C, Krajewski A, Rourke J, McGillivray CG, Desroches S, Anger W, Celia C. Empowering the development of a nurse-driven protocol. MEDSURG NURSING : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSES 2014; 23:149-154. [PMID: 25137789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Results from a research project examining nurses' knowledge of diabetes empowered direct-care nurses to develop a hypoglycemia protocol, increasing accountability for the care provided and helping move from tradition-based to evidence-based practice.
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Brown BS, Patanam T, Mobli K, Celia C, Zage PE, Bean AJ, Tasciotti E. Etoposide-loaded immunoliposomes as active targeting agents for GD2-positive malignancies. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 15:851-61. [PMID: 24755919 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.28875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic chemotherapeutics remain the standard of care for most malignancies even though they frequently suffer from narrow therapeutic index, poor serum solubility, and off-target effects. In this study, we have encapsulated etoposide, a topoisomerase inhibitor effective against a wide range of cancers, in surface-modified liposomes decorated with anti-GD2 antibodies. We characterized the properties of the liposomes using a variety of methods including dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. We examined whether these immunoliposomes were able to target cell lines expressing varying levels of surface GD2 and affect cellular proliferation. Anti-GD2 liposomes were generally targeted in a manner that correlated with GD2 expression and inhibited proliferation in cell lines to which they were efficiently targeted. The mechanism by which the immunoliposomes entered targeted cells appeared to be via clathrin-dependent uptake as demonstrated using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. These studies suggest that anti-GD2-targeted, etoposide-loaded liposomes represent a potential strategy for more effective delivery of anti-cancer drugs that could be used for GD2 positive tumors.
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Wolfram J, Suri K, Huang Y, Molinaro R, Borsoi C, Scott B, Boom K, Paolino D, Fresta M, Wang J, Ferrari M, Celia C, Shen H. Evaluation of anticancer activity of celastrol liposomes in prostate cancer cells. J Microencapsul 2014; 31:501-7. [PMID: 24654943 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.879932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Celastrol, a natural compound derived from the herb Tripterygium wilfordii, is known to have anticancer activity, but is not soluble in water. OBJECTIVE Formation of celastrol liposomes, to avoid the use of toxic solubilising agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two different formulations of PEGylated celastrol liposomes were fabricated. Liposomal characteristics and serum stability were determined using dynamic light scattering. Drug entrapment efficacy and drug release were measured spectrophotometrically. Cellular internalisation and anticancer activity was measured in prostate cancer cells. RESULTS Liposomal celastrol displayed efficient serum stability, cellular internalisation and anticancer activity, comparable to that of the free drug reconstituted in dimethyl sulfoxide. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Liposomal celastrol can decrease the viability of prostate cancer cells, while eliminating the need for toxic solubilising agents.
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Bansal SS, Celia C, Ferrati S, Zabre E, Ferrari M, Palapattu G, Grattoni A. Validated RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous analysis of gemcitabine and LY-364947 in liposomal formulations. Curr Drug Targets 2014; 14:1061-9. [PMID: 23721184 DOI: 10.2174/13894501113149990165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Combined use of gemcitabine (Gem) and LY-364947 (LY), a TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor, has shown promise for the treatment of fibrotic pancreatic cancer, by reducing collagen production and improving tumor drug penetration. The preparation and optimization of novel Gem and LY formulations, including co-encapsulation in liposomes, require a validated method for the simultaneous quantification of both drugs, a method that had yet to be developed. Here we demonstrate an RP-HPLC protocol for the simultaneous detection of Gem and LY at 266 and 228 nm with retention times of 3.37 and 11.34 mins, respectively. The method, which uses a C18 column and a KH2PO4 (10 mM)-methanol mobile phase, was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, limits of detection, and robustness. Co-loaded liposomes with both Gem and LY (Gem/LY liposomes) were developed to investigate the protocol applicability to pharmacokinetic analysis and formulation characterization. The method specificity was evaluated in presence of liposomal components in fetal bovine serum (FBS). Finally, the method was demonstrated by quantifying Gem/LY liposomal encapsulation efficiency and concentration liposomes-spiked FBS.
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Celia C, Ferrati S, Bansal S, van de Ven AL, Ruozi B, Zabre E, Hosali S, Paolino D, Sarpietro MG, Fine D, Fresta M, Ferrari M, Grattoni A. Drug Delivery: Sustained Zero-Order Release of Intact Ultra-Stable Drug-Loaded Liposomes from an Implantable Nanochannel Delivery System (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2014). Adv Healthc Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201470007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Sarpietro MG, Accolla ML, Celia C, Grattoni A, Castelli F, Fresta M, Ferrari M, Paolino D. Differential scanning calorimetry as a tool to investigate the transfer of anticancer drugs to biomembrane model. Curr Drug Targets 2014; 14:1053-60. [PMID: 23651164 DOI: 10.2174/1389450111314090013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Different anticancer drugs clinically approved by international regulatory organizations present poor water solubility and low stability after systemic injection. Their administration requires suitable carriers capable of maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Lipid and polymeric nanotherapeutics, particularly liposomes, are widely used to deliver chemotherapeutics in the clinic. The interaction between chemotherapeutics and biocompatible lipids and polymers can affect their efficacy and play a pivotal role in chemotherapy. Phospholipids are the main components of liposomes and their interactions with therapeutic agents are widely investigated in the pharmaceutical field using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In this work, DSC was exploited to investigate the interaction between hydrophobic chemotherapeutics, i.e. docetaxel, tamoxifen and lapatinib, with lipid vesicles. Lipid carriers are prepared using dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), a phosphatidylcholine derivative, showing the same physicochemical features of the main lipids in the biological membranes. DMPC was used as a biological membrane model to evaluate interaction, passage, diffusion, and adsorption of chemotherapeutics. These processes were evaluated through the variation of thermotropic parameters of the biological membrane model. DSC studies were carried out in heating and cooling mode. Results demonstrated a modification of calorimetric curves and this effect is strictly related to the molar fraction and physicochemical features of chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, the interaction between chemotherapeutics and biological membranes affects their internalization and distribution inside tumors and this process depends on gel-liquid crystal transition of phospholipids. DSC results provide suitable information about this effect and can be used as tool to predict further interaction between chemotherapeutics and biological membranes.
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Celia C, Ferrati S, Bansal S, van de Ven AL, Ruozi B, Zabre E, Hosali S, Paolino D, Sarpietro MG, Fine D, Fresta M, Ferrari M, Grattoni A. Sustained zero-order release of intact ultra-stable drug-loaded liposomes from an implantable nanochannel delivery system. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:230-8. [PMID: 23881575 PMCID: PMC3970317 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Metronomic chemotherapy supports the idea that long-term, sustained, constant administration of chemotherapeutics, currently not achievable, could be effective against numerous cancers. Particularly appealing are liposomal formulations, used to solubilize hydrophobic therapeutics and minimize side effects, while extending drug circulation time and enabling passive targeting. As liposome alone cannot survive in circulation beyond 48 h, sustaining their constant plasma level for many days is a challenge. To address this, we develop, as a proof of concept, an implantable nanochannel delivery system and ultra-stable PEGylated lapatinib-loaded liposomes, and we demonstrate the release of intact vesicles for over 18 d. Further, we investigate intravasation kinetics of subcutaneously delivered liposomes and verify their biological activity post nanochannel release on BT474 breast cancer cells. The key innovation of this work is the combination of two nanotechnologies to exploit the synergistic effect of liposomes, demonstrated as passive-targeting vectors and nanofluidics to maintain therapeutic constant plasma levels. In principle, this approach could maximize efficacy of metronomic treatments.
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Marianecci C, Rinaldi F, Di Marzio L, Mastriota M, Pieretti S, Celia C, Paolino D, Iannone M, Fresta M, Carafa M. Ammonium glycyrrhizinate-loaded niosomes as a potential nanotherapeutic system for anti-inflammatory activity in murine models. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:635-51. [PMID: 24493924 PMCID: PMC3908944 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s55066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquorice extracts demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in treating dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis when compared with corticosteroids. In this work, nonionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes, NSVs) containing polysorbate 20 (Tween 20), cholesterol, and cholesteryl hemisuccinate at different molar concentrations were used to prepare monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (AG)-loaded NSVs. The anti-inflammatory properties of AG-loaded NSVs were investigated in murine models. METHODS The physicochemical properties of the NSVs were characterized using dynamic light scattering. The fluidity of the lipid bilayer was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity of diphenylhexatriene. The drug entrapment efficiency of AG was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The physicochemical stability of the NSVs was evaluated as a function of time using dynamic light scattering combined with Turbiscan Lab Expert analysis. Serum stability was determined by incubating the NSVs with 10% v/v fetal bovine serum. The cytotoxic effects of the NSVs were investigated in human dermal fibroblasts using the Trypan blue dye exclusion assay (for cell mortality) and an MTT assay (for cell viability). Release profiles for the AG-loaded NSVs were studied in vitro using cellulose membranes. NSVs showing the most desirable physicochemical properties were selected to test for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in murine models. The anti-inflammatory activity of the NSVs was investigated by measuring edema and nociception in mice stimulated with chemical agents. RESULTS NSVs showed favorable physicochemical properties for in vitro and in vivo administration. In addition, they demonstrated long-term stability based on Turbiscan Lab Expert analysis. The membrane fluidity of the NSVs was not affected by self-assembling of the surfactants into colloidal structures. Fluorescence anisotropy was found to be independent of the molar ratios of cholesteryl hemisuccinate and/or cholesterol during preparation of the NSVs. The anti-inflammatory AG drug showed no effect on the stability of the NSVs. In vivo experiments demonstrated that AG-loaded NSVs decreased edema and nociceptive responses when compared with AG alone and empty NSVs. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that pH sensitive and neutral NSVs show no statistical significant difference. CONCLUSION NSVs were nontoxic and showed features favorable for potential administration in vivo. In addition, neutral NSVs showed signs of increased anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive responses when compared with AG.
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Gentile E, Cilurzo F, Di Marzio L, Carafa M, Anna Ventura C, Wolfram J, Paolino D, Celia C. Liposomal chemotherapeutics. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1849-59. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, six liposomal chemotherapeutics have received clinical approval and many more are in clinical trials or undergoing preclinical evaluation. Liposomes exhibit low toxicity and improve the biopharmaceutical features and therapeutic index of drugs, thereby increasing efficacy and reducing side effects. In this review we discuss the advantages of using liposomes for the delivery of chemotherapeutics. Gemcitabine and paclitaxel have been chosen as examples to illustrate how the performance of a metabolically unstable or poorly water-soluble drug can be greatly improved by liposomal incorporation. We look at the beneficial effects of liposomes in a variety of solid and blood-borne tumors, including thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and multiple myeloma.
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Wolfram J, Suri K, Yang Y, Shen J, Celia C, Fresta M, Zhao Y, Shen H, Ferrari M. Shrinkage of pegylated and non-pegylated liposomes in serum. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 114:294-300. [PMID: 24216620 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An essential requisite for the design of nanodelivery systems is the ability to characterize the size, homogeneity and zeta potential of nanoparticles. Such properties can be tailored in order to create the most efficient drug delivery platforms. An important question is whether these characteristics change upon systemic injection. Here, we have studied the behavior of phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposomes exposed to serum proteins. The results reveal a serum-induced reduction in the size and homogeneity of both pegylated and non-pegylated liposomes, implicating the possible role of osmotic forces. In addition, changes to zeta-potential were observed upon exposing liposomes to serum. The liposomes with polyethylene glycol expressed different characteristics than their non-polymeric counterparts, suggesting the potential formation of a denser protein corona around the non-pegylated liposomes.
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Molinaro R, Wolfram J, Federico C, Cilurzo F, Di Marzio L, Ventura CA, Carafa M, Celia C, Fresta M. Polyethylenimine and chitosan carriers for the delivery of RNA interference effectors. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1653-68. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.840286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Celia C, Trapasso E, Locatelli M, Navarra M, Ventura CA, Wolfram J, Carafa M, Morittu VM, Britti D, Di Marzio L, Paolino D. Anticancer activity of liposomal bergamot essential oil (BEO) on human neuroblastoma cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 112:548-53. [PMID: 24099646 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Citrus extracts, particularly bergamot essential oil (BEO) and its fractions, have been found to exhibit anticancer efficacy. However, the poor water solubility, low stability and limited bioavailability have prevented the use of BEO in cancer therapy. To overcome such drawbacks, we formulated BEO liposomes that improved the water solubility of the phytocomponents and increased their anticancer activity in vitro against human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The results warrant further investigation of BEO liposomes for in vivo applications.
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Marianecci C, Rinaldi F, Di Marzio L, Pozzi D, Caracciolo G, Manno D, Dini L, Paolino D, Celia C, Carafa M. Interaction of pH-sensitive non-phospholipid liposomes with cellular mimetic membranes. Biomed Microdevices 2013; 15:299-309. [PMID: 23239124 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-012-9731-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant nanocarriers have received considerable attention in the last several years as interesting alternative to classic liposomes. Different pH-sensitive vesicular colloidal carriers based on Tween 20 derivatives, obtained after functionalization of the head groups of the surfactant with natural, or simply modified, amino acids, were proposed as drug nanocarriers. Dynamic light scattering, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Trasmission Electron Microscopy and fluorescence studies were used for the physico-chemical characterization of vesicles and mean size, size distribution, zeta potential, vesicle morphology and bilayer properties were evaluated. The pH-sensitivity and the stability of formulations, in absence and in presence of foetal bovine serum, were also evaluated. Moreover, the contact between surfactant vesicles and liposomes designed to model the cellular membrane was investigated by fluorescence studies to preliminary explore the potential interaction between vesicle and cell membranes. Experimental findings showed that physico-chemical and technological features of pH-sensitive vesicles were influenced by the composition of the carriers. Furthermore, proposed carriers are able to interact with mimetic cell membrane and it is reasonable to attribute the observed differences in interaction to the architectural/structural properties of Tween 20 derivatives. The findings reported in this investigation showed that a deep and extensive physico-chemical characterization of the carrier is a fundamental step, according to the evidence that the knowledge of nanocarrier properties is necessary to translate its potentiality to in vitro/in vivo applications.
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Paolino D, Cosco D, Cilurzo F, Trapasso E, Morittu VM, Celia C, Fresta M. Improved in vitro and in vivo collagen biosynthesis by asiaticoside-loaded ultradeformable vesicles. J Control Release 2012; 162:143-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Paolino D, Licciardi M, Celia C, Giammona G, Fresta M, Cavallaro G. Folate-targeted supramolecular vesicular aggregates as a new frontier for effective anticancer treatment in in vivo model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:94-102. [PMID: 22705641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular vesicular aggregates (SVAs), made up by self-assembling liposomes and polyasparthydrazide co-polymers conjugated to folic acid molecules were extensively investigated in this manuscript as potential active targeting formulation for anticancer drug delivery. Folate-targeted systems (FT-SVAs) were used to treat breast cancer and to further proof the potential in vivo administration of these systems for the therapeutic treatment for several aggressive solid tumors. The physicochemical and technological parameters of FT-SVAs are suitable for their potential in vivo administration. The chemotherapeutic activity of GEM-loaded FT-SVAs was increased during in vivo experiments. NOD-SCID mice bearing MCF-7 human xenograft is used as breast cancer model. The measurement of the volume and weight of tumor masses decreased when animal models are treated by using GEM-loaded FT-SVAs, compared to data obtained by using GEM-loaded mPEG-SUVs and the free form of GEM. An almost complete regression of the tumor (≈ 0.2 cm(3)) was observed in NOD-SCID mice bearing MCF-7 human xenografts treated by GEM-loaded FT-SVAs due to the noticeable improvement of GEM pharmacokinetic parameters provided by FT-SVAs with respect to native anticancer drug. The obtained data showed that supramolecular systems could represent an innovative drug delivery system by self-assembling liposomes and biocompatible polymers to be potentially used for anticancer treatment.
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Paolino D, Celia C, Trapasso E, Cilurzo F, Fresta M. Paclitaxel-loaded ethosomes®: Potential treatment of squamous cell carcinoma, a malignant transformation of actinic keratoses. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 81:102-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Procopio A, Celia C, Nardi M, Oliverio M, Paolino D, Sindona G. Lipophilic hydroxytyrosol esters: fatty acid conjugates for potential topical administration. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2011; 74:2377-2381. [PMID: 22014120 DOI: 10.1021/np200405s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol is a potent antioxidant natural molecule isolated from olive leaves and fruits. The presence of three hydroxy groups in its structure poses a limit for the topical application of this lead compound. A set of hydroxytyrosol conjugates with fatty acids at different molecular weights were synthesized under mild conditions. The topical delivery features of this new set of antioxidant molecules were evaluated as a function of their permeation profiles through the human stratum corneum and viable epidermis membranes. A dependence on their partition coefficients, their molecular weights, and their isometric configurations was then postulated. Encouraging results prompt further investigations on the polyfunctional role that hydroxytyrosol conjugates could have as agents in both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies.
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Celia C, Cosco D, Paolino D, Fresta M. Gemcitabine-loaded innovative nanocarriers vs GEMZAR: biodistribution, pharmacokinetic features and in vivo antitumor activity. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:1609-29. [PMID: 22077480 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.632630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gemcitabine, an anticancer drug, is a nucleoside analog deoxycytidine antimetabolite, which acts against a wide range of solid tumors. The limitation of gemcitabine is its rapid inactivation by the deoxycytidine deaminase enzyme following its in vivo administration. AREAS COVERED One of the most promising new approaches for improving the biopharmaceutical properties of gemcitabine is the use of innovative drug delivery devices. This review explains the current status of gemcitabine drug delivery, which has been under development over the past 5 years, with particular emphasis on liposomal delivery. In addition, the use of novel supramolecular vesicular aggregates (SVAs), polymeric nanoparticles and squalenoylation were treated as interesting innovative approaches for the administration of the nucleoside analog. EXPERT OPINION Different colloidal systems containing gemcitabine have been realized, with the aim of providing important potential advancements through traditional ways of therapy. A possible future commercialization of modified gemcitabine is desirable, as was true in the case of liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil(®), Caely(®)).
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Paolino D, Cosco D, Molinaro R, Celia C, Fresta M. Supramolecular devices to improve the treatment of brain diseases. Drug Discov Today 2011; 16:311-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Vono M, Cosco D, Celia C, Paolino D, Celano M, Russo D, Fresta M. In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Gemcitabine-Loaded Pegylated Unilamellar Liposomes Against Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells~!2010-04-18~!2010-06-27~!2010-08-23~! ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2174/1874126601004010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Marianecci C, Paolino D, Celia C, Fresta M, Carafa M, Alhaique F. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles in pulmonary glucocorticoid delivery: characterization and interaction with human lung fibroblasts. J Control Release 2010; 147:127-35. [PMID: 20603167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs) were proposed for the pulmonary delivery of glucocorticoids such as beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) for the treatment of inflammatory lung diseases, e.g. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and various type of pulmonary fibrosis. The thin layer evaporation method followed by sonication was used to prepare small non-ionic surfactant vesicles containing beclomethasone dipropionate. Light scattering experiments showed that beclomethasone dipropionate-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles were larger than unloaded ones and showed a significant (P<0.001) decrease of the zeta potential. The morphological analysis, by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy, showed the maintenance of a vesicular structure in the presence of the drug. The colloidal and storage stability were evaluated by Turbiscan Lab Expert, which evidenced the good stability of BDP-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles, thus showing no significant variations of mean size and no colloidal phase segregation. Primary human lung fibroblast (HLF) cells were used for in vitro investigation of vesicle tolerability, carrier-cell interaction, intracellular drug uptake and drug-loaded vesicle anti-inflammatory activity. The investigated NSVs did not show a significant cytotoxic activity at all incubation times for concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 μM. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed vesicular carrier localization at the level of the cytoplasm compartment, where the glucocorticoid receptor (target site) is localized. BDP-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles elicited a significant improvement of the HLF intracellular uptake of the drug with respect to the free drug solution, drug/surfactant mixtures and empty vesicles used as references. The treatment of HLF cells with BDP-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles determined a noticeable increase of the drug anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the secretion of both constitutive and interleukin-1β-stimulated nerve growth factor (as inflammatory index) of 68% and 85%, respectively. Obtained data indicate that the investigated NSVs represent a promising tool as a pulmonary drug delivery system.
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Celia C, Cosco D, Paolino D, Fresta M. Nanoparticulate devices for brain drug delivery. Med Res Rev 2010; 31:716-56. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Iannone M, Cosco D, Cilurzo F, Celia C, Paolino D, Mollace V, Rotiroti D, Fresta M. A novel animal model to evaluate the ability of a drug delivery system to promote the passage through the BBB. Neurosci Lett 2010; 469:93-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Celia C, Trapasso E, Cosco D, Paolino D, Fresta M. Turbiscan Lab® Expert analysis of the stability of ethosomes® and ultradeformable liposomes containing a bilayer fluidizing agent. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 72:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Trapasso E, Cosco D, Celia C, Fresta M, Paolino D. Retinoids: new use by innovative drug-delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:465-83. [PMID: 19413455 DOI: 10.1517/17425240902832827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoids represent an old class of bioactives used in the treatment of different skin pathologies (such as acne and psoriasis) and in the treatment of many tumors. Unfortunately, they present several side effects, i.e., burning of skin and general malaise after systemic administration and they are very unstable after exposition to light. METHODS One of the most promising new approaches for reducing the side effects of retinoids while improving their pharmacological effect is the use of drug-delivery devices. This review explains the current status of retinoid drug transport, which has been developing over the last few years, explaining the modification of their biopharmaceutical properties in detail after encapsulation/inclusion in vesicular and polymeric systems. RESULTS/CONCLUSION Different colloidal and micellar systems containing retinoid drugs have been realized furnishing important potential advancements in traditional therapy.
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Cosco D, Paolino D, Muzzalupo R, Celia C, Citraro R, Caponio D, Picci N, Fresta M. Novel PEG-coated niosomes based on bola-surfactant as drug carriers for 5-fluorouracil. Biomed Microdevices 2009; 11:1115-25. [PMID: 19507033 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-009-9328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Innovative niosomes made up of α,ω-hexadecyl-bis-(1-aza-18-crown-6) (bola), Span 80® and cholesterol (2:5:2 molar ratio) are proposed as suitable delivery systems for the administration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), an antitumoral compound largely used in the treatment of breast cancer. The bola-niosomes, after sonication procedure, showed mean sizes of ~200 nm and a loading capacity of ~40% with respect to the amount of 5-FU added during the preparation. Similar findings were achieved with PEG-coated bola-niosomes (bola, Span 80(R), cholesterol, DSPE-mPEG2000, 2:5:2:0.1 molar ratio respectively). 5-FU-loaded PEG-coated and uncoated bola-niosomes were tested on MCF-7 and T47D cells. Both bola-niosome formulations provided an increase in the cytotoxic effect with respect to the free drug. Confocal laser scanning microscopy studies were carried out to evaluate both the extent and the time-dependent bola-niosome-cell interaction. In vivo experiments on MCF-7 xenograft tumor SCID mice models showed a more effective antitumoral activity of the PEGylated niosomal 5-FU at a concentration ten times lower (8 mg/kg) than that of the free solution of the drug (80 mg/kg) after a treatment of 30 days.
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Cosco D, Bulotta A, Ventura M, Celia C, Calimeri T, Perri G, Paolino D, Costa N, Neri P, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P, Fresta M. In vivo activity of gemcitabine-loaded PEGylated small unilamellar liposomes against pancreatic cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2009; 64:1009-20. [PMID: 19263052 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-009-0957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) is presently the standard option for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer (PC). We investigated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor potential of GEM-loaded PEGylated liposomes (L-GEM) as a novel agent for the treatment of PC. In vitro analysis of antitumor activity against human PC cell lines, BXPC-3 and PSN-1, showed a significant time- and dose-dependent reduction of cell viability following exposure to L-GEM as compared to free GEM [at 72 h, IC(50): 0.009 vs. 0.027 microM (P = 0.003) for BXPC-3 and 0.003 vs. 0.009 microM (P < 0.001) for PSN1, respectively]. Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated an effective liposome/cell interaction and internalization process following 3-h cell exposure to L-GEM. The in vivo antitumor activity of L-GEM was investigated in a cohort of SCID mice bearing BxPC-3 or PSN-1 xenografts. Animals were i.p. treated with L-GEM (5 mg/kg), or a threefold increased dose of free GEM (15 mg/kg), or empty liposomes or vehicle, twice a week for 35 days. A significant higher inhibition of tumor growth in mice treated with L-GEM versus free GEM (P = 0.006 and P = 0.004 for BXPC-3 and PSN-1, respectively) or control groups (P = 0.0001), translated in a survival advantage of L-GEM treated animals versus other groups. Pharmacokinetic studies showed enhancement of systemic bioavailability of L-GEM (t (1/2) = 8 h) versus to GEM (t (1/2) = 1.5 h). Our findings demonstrate that L-GEM is an effective agent against PC and exerts higher antitumor activity as compared to free GEM with no appreciable increase in toxicity. These results provide the pre-clinical rational for L-GEM clinical development for the treatment of PC patients.
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Cosco D, Celia C, Cilurzo F, Trapasso E, Paolino D. Colloidal carriers for the enhanced delivery through the skin. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2008; 5:737-55. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.5.7.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Celia C, Calvagno MG, Paolino D, Bulotta S, Ventura CA, Russo D, Fresta M. Improved in vitro anti-tumoral activity, intracellular uptake and apoptotic induction of gemcitabine-loaded pegylated unilamellar liposomes. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 8:2102-2113. [PMID: 18572621 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal solid carcinomas affecting humans. A major limit of the chemotherapeutic agents is represented by their low therapeutic index. In this work, we investigated the possibility of improving the anti-tumoral activity of gemcitabine by using pegylated unilamellar liposomes. Liposomes were made up of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospocholine monohydrate/cholesterol/N-(carbonyl-methoxypolyethylene glycol-2000)-1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (6:3:1 molar ratio) and they were prepared with a pH gradient to improve the gemcitabine loading capacity. The anti-tumoral efficacy of the liposomal formulation was tested in vitro on human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells (ARO) in culture, comparing the effects with those of the free drug. Gemcitabine-loaded unilamellar liposomes had a mean size approximately 200 nm with a zeta potential approximately -2 mV. The liposomal carrier noticeably improved the anti-tumoral activity of gemcitabine against ARO cells in terms of both dose-dependent cytotoxic effect and of drug exposition effect. Namely, gemcitabine-loaded liposomes showed a cytotoxic effect (58.2% increase of cell mortality at 1 microM with respect to free drug) after 12 h incubation, while the free drug showed a significant activity only after 72 h incubation. Moreover, a significant effect on the cell mortality appeared at 0.1 microM and 100% mortality was detected at a concentration of 1 microM of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes, while the free drug elicited the same effect at a concentration of 100 microM. The improved anti-tumoral activity of gemcitabine determined by the liposomal carrier was due to a greater intracellular uptake. The intracellular gemcitabine levels as a function of time showed a sinusoidal profile with peaks after 2 h, 6 h and 11 h, related to the cellular cycle of ARO. PARP cleavage and DNA fragmentation analysis provided clear evidence of the apoptosis induction in ARO cells by treatment with liposomally entrapped gemcitabine after 72 h incubation. Thus, gemcitabine-loaded liposomes may have a potential therapeutic relevance for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
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Calvagno MG, Celia C, Paolino D, Cosco D, Iannone M, Castelli F, Doldo P, Frest M. Effects of lipid composition and preparation conditions on physical-chemical properties, technological parameters and in vitro biological activity of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes. Curr Drug Deliv 2007; 4:89-101. [PMID: 17269921 DOI: 10.2174/156720107779314749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of lipid composition and preparation conditions on the physicochemical and technological properties of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes, as well as the in vitro anti-tumoral activity of various liposome formulations were investigated. Three liposome formulations were investigated: DPPC/Chol/Oleic acid (8:3:1 molar ratio, liposomes A), DPPC/Chol/DPPS (6:3:1 molar ratio, liposomes B) and DPPC/Chol/DSPE-MPEG (6:3:1 molar ratio, liposomes C). Multilamellar liposomes were prepared by using the TLE, FAT and DRV methods, while small unilamellar liposomes were obtained by extrusion through polycarbonate filters. Light scattering techniques were used to characterize liposome formulations. Loading capacity and release profiles of gemcitabine from various liposome formulations were also investigated. Caco-2 cells were used to evaluate in vitro the antitumoral activity of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes with respect to the free drug and also the intracellular drug uptake. Preparation methods and liposome lipid composition influenced both physicochemical parameters and drug delivery features. Liposomes with a size ranging from 200 nm to 7 microm were obtained. The gemcitabine entrapment was higher than that expected probably due to an interaction with the liposome lipid components. The following decreasing loading capacity order was observed: liposome B>liposome C>liposome A. Gemcitabine release from various liposome formulations is modulated by two different processes, i.e. desorption from and permeation through liposomal bilayers. MTT assay showed a greater cytotoxic effect of gemcitabine-loaded liposomes with respect to the free drug. The following decreasing anticancer activity order was observed between the various liposome formulations: liposome C>liposome A>liposome B. The increased anticancer activity is correlated to the ability of the colloidal carrier to increase the intracellular drug uptake. Due to the encouraging results and to the high liposome modularity various applications of potential therapeutic relevance can be envisaged for liposomes.
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Paolino D, Muzzalupo R, Ricciardi A, Celia C, Picci N, Fresta M. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of Bola-surfactant containing niosomes for transdermal delivery. Biomed Microdevices 2007; 9:421-33. [PMID: 17252206 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-007-9046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel niosome formulation is proposed for topical drug delivery of ammonium glycyrrhizinate, a natural compound with an efficacious anti-inflammatory activity. Niosomes were made up of a new non ionic surfactant, alpha,omega-hexadecyl-bis-(1-aza-18-crown-6) (Bola-surfactant)-Span 80-cholesterol (2:3:1 molar ratio). Niosome vesicles were prepared with the thin layer evaporation method and were physico-chemically characterized. The tolerability of Bola-surfactant both as free molecules or assembled ion niosome vesicles was evaluated in vitro on cultured of human keratinocyte cells (NCTC2544). Human tolerability was evaluated on volunteers. The ability of Bola-niosomes to promote intracellular delivery was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies. Human stratum corneum and epidermis (SCE) membranes were used in vitro to investigate the percutaneous permeation. The anti-inflammatory activity of ammonium glycyrrhizinate was evaluated in vivo on human volunteers with a chemically induced erythema. Experimental data show that Bola-niosomes are characterized by a mean size of approximately 400 nm and are able to provide an encapsulation efficiency of 40% with respect to the drug amount used during preparation. CLSM showed that Bola-niosomes were able to promote the intracellular uptake of the delivered substances. Bola-niosomes were also able to significantly improve (p<0.001) the percutaneous permeation of ammonium glycyrrhizinate with respect to both the aqueous drug solution and a physical mixture between unloaded Bola-niosomes and the aqueous drug solution. Bola-niosomes showed a suitable tolerability both in vitro and in vivo. Ammonium glycyrrhizinate-loaded Bola-niosomes determined a significant (p<0.001) and noticeable improvement of the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of the drug. An effective example of conjugating innovative colloidal carriers, coming from pharmaceutical nanotechnology, and therapeutically effective natural compounds, coming from traditional medicine, was reported.
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