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Yanci J, Castillo D, Vizcay JJ, Iturricastillo A. Relación entre la capacidad de aceleración, cambio de dirección y salto horizontal en atletas jóvenes. REVISTA IBEROAMERICANA DE CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y EL DEPORTE 2016. [DOI: 10.24310/riccafd.2016.v5i2.6143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación existente entre la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta, la capacidad de cambiar de dirección (CODA) y la capacidad de salto horizontal (SH) en jóvenes atletas. En este estudio participaron un total de 264 jóvenes atletas de entre 8 y 16 años (10,2 ± 2,6 años; 37,5 ± 11,7 kg; 1,4 ± 0,1 m, 17,7 ± 2,4 kg·m-2). Se evaluó la capacidad de aceleración en línea recta en los test de 5 y 15 m, la CODA en el test 505 (505) y en el modified agility test (MAT) y la capacidad de SH con contra movimiento (HCMJ) y manos libres (HCMJAS). La asociación entre la capacidad de aceleración en 5 m y los test de CODA (505: r = 0,54, p < 0,01 y MAT: r = 0,62, p < 0,01) o salto horizontal (HCMJ: r = -0,64, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,67, p > 0,05) fue más consistente que la asociación entre la aceleración en 15 m y los test de CODA o SH. La asociación entre el test MAT y el SH (HCMJ: r = -0,73, p < 0,01 y HCMJAS: r = -0,74, p < 0,01) fue mayor que la relación observada entre el 505 y el HCMJ (r = -0,63, p < 0,01) o el HCMJAS (r = -0,61, p < 0,01). El tipo, la duración y la naturaleza de los test de campo utilizados, condicionan las asociaciones observadas entre las distintas habilidades motoras.
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Chang L, Akazawa K, Yamakawa R, Hayama S, Buchthal S, Alicata D, Andres T, Castillo D, Oishi K, Skranes J, Ernst T, Oishi K. Delayed early developmental trajectories of white matter tracts of functional pathways in preterm-born infants: Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging data. Data Brief 2016; 6:1007-15. [PMID: 26958632 PMCID: PMC4763104 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Probabilistic maps of white matter pathways related to motor, somatosensory, auditory, visual, and limbic functions, and major white matter tracts (the corpus callosum, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the middle cerebellar peduncle) were applied to evaluate the developmental trajectories of these tracts, using longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) obtained in term-born and preterm-born healthy infants. Nineteen term-born and 30 preterm-born infants completed MR scans at three time points: Time-point 1, 41.6±2.7 postmenstrual weeks; Time-point 2, 46.0±2.9 postmenstrual weeks; and Time-point 3, 50.8±3.7 postmenstrual weeks. The DTI-derived scalar values (fractional anisotropy, eigenvalues, and radial diffusivity) of the three time points are available in this Data article.
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Akazawa K, Chang L, Yamakawa R, Hayama S, Buchthal S, Alicata D, Andres T, Castillo D, Oishi K, Skranes J, Ernst T, Oishi K. Probabilistic maps of the white matter tracts with known associated functions on the neonatal brain atlas: Application to evaluate longitudinal developmental trajectories in term-born and preterm-born infants. Neuroimage 2015; 128:167-179. [PMID: 26712341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely used to investigate the development of the neonatal and infant brain, and deviations related to various diseases or medical conditions like preterm birth. In this study, we created a probabilistic map of fiber pathways with known associated functions, on a published neonatal multimodal atlas. The pathways-of-interest include the superficial white matter (SWM) fibers just beneath the specific cytoarchitectonically defined cortical areas, which were difficult to evaluate with existing DTI analysis methods. The Jülich cytoarchitectonic atlas was applied to define cortical areas related to specific brain functions, and the Dynamic Programming (DP) method was applied to delineate the white matter pathways traversing through the SWM. Probabilistic maps were created for pathways related to motor, somatosensory, auditory, visual, and limbic functions, as well as major white matter tracts, such as the corpus callosum, the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and the middle cerebellar peduncle, by delineating these structures in eleven healthy term-born neonates. In order to characterize maturation-related changes in diffusivity measures of these pathways, the probabilistic maps were then applied to DTIs of 49 healthy infants who were longitudinally scanned at three time-points, approximately five weeks apart. First, we investigated the normal developmental pattern based on 19 term-born infants. Next, we analyzed 30 preterm-born infants to identify developmental patterns related to preterm birth. Last, we investigated the difference in diffusion measures between these groups to evaluate the effects of preterm birth on the development of these functional pathways. Term-born and preterm-born infants both demonstrated a time-dependent decrease in diffusivity, indicating postnatal maturation in these pathways, with laterality seen in the corticospinal tract and the optic radiation. The comparison between term- and preterm-born infants indicated higher diffusivity in the preterm-born infants than in the term-born infants in three of these pathways: the body of the corpus callosum; the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus; and the pathway connecting the left primary/secondary visual cortices and the motion-sensitive area in the occipitotemporal visual cortex (V5/MT+). Probabilistic maps provided an opportunity to investigate developmental changes of each white matter pathway. Whether alterations in white matter pathways can predict functional outcomes will be further investigated in a follow-up study.
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Rojas C, Hernandez A, Cardenas J, Saez V, Lara S, Troncoso M, Peña C, Gutierrez J, Castillo D. Polysomnographic study in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aljama P, Martin-Malo A, Pérez R, Castillo D, Torres A, Velasco F. Granulocyte adherence changes during hemodialysis. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 46:75-82. [PMID: 4006481 DOI: 10.1159/000410769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Villarreal-Garza C, Weitzel JN, Llacuachaqui M, Sifuentes E, Magallanes-Hoyos MC, Gallardo L, Alvarez-Gómez RM, Herzog J, Castillo D, Royer R, Akbari M, Lara-Medina F, Herrera LA, Mohar A, Narod SA. The prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among young Mexican women with triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:389-94. [PMID: 25716084 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3312-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Various guidelines recommend that women with triple-negative breast cancer should be tested for BRCA1 mutations, but the prevalence of mutations may vary with ethnic group and with geographic region, and the optimal cutoff age for testing has not been established. We estimated the frequencies of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) mutations among 190 women with triple-negative breast cancer, unselected for family history, diagnosed at age 50 or less at a single hospital in Mexico City. Patients were screened for 115 recurrent BRCA mutations, which have been reported previously in women of Hispanic origin, including a common large rearrangement Mexican founder mutation (BRCA1 ex9-12del). A BRCA mutation was detected in 44 of 190 patients with triple-negative breast cancer (23 %). Forty-three mutations were found in BRCA1 and one mutation was found in BRCA2. Seven different mutations accounted for 39 patients (89 % of the total mutations). The Mexican founder mutation (BRCA1 ex9-12del) was found 18 times and accounted for 41 % of all mutations detected. There is a high prevalence of BRCA1 mutations among young triple-negative breast cancer patients in Mexico. Women with triple-negative breast cancer in Mexico should be screened for mutations in BRCA1.
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Caruso N, Guerisoli M, Luengos Vidal E, Castillo D, Casanave E, Lucherini M. Modelling the ecological niche of an endangered population of Puma concolor: First application of the GNESFA method to an elusive carnivore. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Stashans A, Castillo D. Properties of the silver cyclic amide Ag2(C4H4NO2)2(H2O) crystal from the periodic DFT computations. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476614040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Alegre Sancho J, Narváez J, Castellví I, Herrera S, Molina M, Castillo D, Oller Rodríguez J, De la Morena Barrio I, Robustillo Villarino M, Valls Pascual E, Ybáñez García D, Martínez Ferrer Ά, Vicens Bernabéu E, Vergara Dangond C, Feced Olmos C, Llobet J, Nolla J, Gil Latorre F. FRI0485 Long-Term Efficacy of Rituximab in Systemic Sclerosis. A Spanish Multicentric Analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sanchez B, Vandersteen G, Martin I, Castillo D, Torrego A, Riu PJ, Schoukens J, Bragos R. Minimally invasive in vivo human lung tissue bioimpedance measurements during the bronchoscopy procedure. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2012:130-3. [PMID: 23365849 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6345888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, which include diseases of the lung, pleura, bronchial tree, trachea, upper respiratory tract and of the respiratory muscles and nerves, are a common and important cause of illness and death among the population. Experimental evidences have shown that tissue lesions have different electrical properties compared with normal tissue. Therefore, lung tissues lesions may be differentiated from lung normal tissue by comparing the tissue passive electrical properties. The manuscript reports a feasibility study for minimally invasive in vivo human lung tissue tetrapolar bioimpedance measurements using a catheter during the bronchoscopy procedure based on multisine Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) at 10 kHz - 1 MHz.
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Londoño J, Romero-Sánchez C, Bautista-Molano W, Segura S, Cortes-Muñoz A, Castillo D, Muñoz D, Bello-Gualtero J, Lafaurie G, Valle-Oñate R. AB0569 Association between periodontal condition with disease duration and activity in colombian patients with spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Castillo D, Higuera G, Villa M, Middelboe M, Dalsgaard I, Madsen L, Espejo RT. Diversity of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and the potential use of its phages for protection against bacterial cold water disease in salmonids. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2012; 35:193-201. [PMID: 22324343 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01336.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterium psychrophilum causes rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS) and cold water disease (CWD) in salmonid aquaculture. We report characterization of F. psychrophilum strains and their bacteriophages isolated in Chilean salmonid aquaculture. Results suggest that under laboratory conditions phages can decrease mortality of salmonids from infection by their F. psychrophilum host strain. Twelve F. psychrophilum isolates were characterized, with DNA restriction patterns showing low diversity between strains despite their being obtained from different salmonid production sites and from different tissues. We isolated 15 bacteriophages able to infect some of the F. psychrophilum isolates and characterized six of them in detail. DNA genome sizes were close to 50 Kbp and corresponded to the Siphoviridae and Podoviridae families. One isolate, 6H, probably contains lipids as an essential virion component, based on its chloroform sensitivity and low buoyant density in CsCl. Each phage isolate rarely infected F. psychrophilum strains other than the strain used for its enrichment and isolation. Some bacteriophages could decrease mortality from intraperitoneal injection of its host strain when added together with the bacteria in a ratio of 10 plaque-forming units per colony-forming unit. While we recognize the artificial laboratory conditions used for these protection assays, this work is the first to demonstrate that phages might be able protect salmonids from RTFS or CWD.
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Murphy B, Hillman C, Castillo D, Vapniarsky N, Rowe J. The presence or absence of the gamma-activated site determines IFN gamma-mediated transcriptional activation in CAEV promoters cloned from the mammary gland and joint synovium of a single CAEV-infected goat. Virus Res 2011; 163:537-45. [PMID: 22178805 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) long terminal repeat promoter was cloned and sequenced from mammary gland and carpal joint synovium isolated from a 15.5 year old, CAEV-infected Toggenburg doe with chronic mastitis and carpal arthritis. A deletion of the CAEV gamma activated site (GAS) was identified in the mammary gland but not the synovial isolate. Subsequent promoter-reporter gene construct experiments indicated that the GAS is necessary for interferon γ-mediated promoter activation. Utilizing a molecular clone of the classic isolate CAEV-CO, these findings were corroborated by a set of GAS mutant promoter-reporter constructs with and without the CAEV GAS. Results of experiments with U937 monocyte cell lines stably transfected with molecular clones of CAEV-CO GAS deletion mutants also indicated the GAS is necessary for IFNγ-mediated promoter activation. The mammary gland CAE viral isolate was propagated in caprine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and was assigned the name CAEV-MA. This is the first report describing two CAE viral isolates cloned from different anatomical locations in the same animal with and without the CAEV GAS, and is the first report detailing cytokine-induced CAEV promoter function in a naturally occurring ΔGAS promoter.
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Almagro D, Agramonte O, Castillo D, Zamora Y, Ballester JM. Experience with a single dose of recombinant activated factor VII for the management of mild-to-moderate bleeds in haemophilia. Haemophilia 2011; 17:322-3. [PMID: 21332884 PMCID: PMC3083519 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02403.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Case CB, Case CJ, Kornblit A, Mills ME, Castillo D, Liu R. Comparison of Three Low Dielectric Constant Organic Polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-443-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThree low dielectric constant organic polymers are being investigated for possible use in a conventional, subtractive etch, multi-level metal process with PVD Al plugs. Material properties, physical properties, planarization ability and etch chemistries are compared, as well as the possibility of using these materials in a low temperature PVD A1 plug process.
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Townsend PH, Martin SJ, Godschalx J, Romer DR, Smith DW, Castillo D, DeVries R, Buske G, Rondan N, Froelicher S, Marshall J, Shaffer EO, Im JH. Silk Polymer Coating with Low Dielectric Constant and High Thermal Stability for Ulsi Interlayer Dielectric. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA novel polymer has been developed for use as a thin film dielectric in the interconnect structure of high density integrated circuits. The coating is applied to the substrate as an oligomeric solution, SiLK*, using conventional spin coating equipment and produces highly uniform films after curing at 400 °C to 450 °C. The oligomeric solution, with a viscosity of ca. 30 cPs, is readily handled on standard thin film coating equipment. Polymerization does not require a catalyst. There is no water evolved during the polymerization. The resulting polymer network is an aromatic hydrocarbon with an isotropie structure and contains no fluorine.The properties of the cured films are designed to permit integration with current ILD processes. In particular, the rate of weight-loss during isothermal exposures at 450 °C is ca. 0.7 wt.%/hour. The dielectric constant of cured SiLK has been measured at 2.65. The refractive index in both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions is 1.63. The flow characteristics of SiLK lead to broad topographic planarization and permit the filling of gaps at least as narrow as 0.1 μm. The glass transition temperature for the fully cured film is greater than 490 °C. The coefficient of thermal expansivity is 66 ppm/°C below the glass transition temperature. The stress in fully cured films on Si wafers is ca. 60 MPa at room temperature. The fracture toughness measured on thin films is 0.62 MPa m ½. Thin coatings absorb less than 0.25 wt.% water when exposed to 80% relative humidity at room temperature.
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Segoloni G, Bonomini V, Maresca M, Arisi L, Gonzalez-Molina M, Tarantino A, Castillo D, Ortuño J, Carmellini M, Capdevila L, Arias M, Garcia J, Rigotti P. Tacrolimus is highly effective in both dual and triple therapy regimens following renal transplantation. Transpl Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2000.tb02054.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Serradell-Lopez E, Lara P, Castillo D, González I. Developing Professional Knowledge and Confidence in Higher Education. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4018/jksr.2010100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of using multiple choice tests in subjects related to the administration and business management. To this end the authors used a multiple-choice test with specific questions to verify the extent of knowledge gained and the confidence and trust in the answers. The analysis made, conducted by tests given out to a group of 200 students, has been implemented in one subject related with investment analysis and has measured the level of knowledge gained and the degree of trust and security in the responses at two different times of the business administration and management course. Measurements were taken into account at different levels of difficulty in the questions asked and the time spent by students to complete the test. Results confirm that students are generally able to obtain more knowledge along the way and get increases in the degree of trust and confidence. It is estimated that improvement in skills learned is viewed favourably by businesses and are important for job placement. Finally, the authors proceed to analyze a multi-choice test using a combination of knowledge and confidence levels.
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Guzmán LM, Castillo D, Aguilera SO. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of B cell clonality in Sjögren's syndrome patients: a diagnostic tool of clonal expansion. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161:57-64. [PMID: 20408860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04144.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by clonal B cell attack of the exocrine glands and dysregulated expression of B cell-activating factor (BAFF). Based upon the current data of increased rates of lymphoid malignancy, as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is associated with SS, we propose the detection of clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene in those patients as a predictor of malignant clonal expansion. To test our proposal, we examined the IgH clonal rearrangements in SS patients (60) and healthy control subjects (42) having chronic non-specific sialadenitis, to determine the presence of clonal B cells in minor labial salivary glands (MSG) of SS patients. Clonal B cell expansion was assessed by two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays: (i) semi-nested PCR, against sequences encoding framework regions FR3, FR2 and FR1c of the variable chain IgH gene in B cells present in the MSG infiltrate; and (ii) the PCR-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, against the major and minor breakpoint regions of the Bcl-2 oncogene coupled with a variable segment of the IgH to assess the Bcl-2/JH translocation. When FR3, FR2 and FR1c primers were employed, we detected B cell monoclonality in 87% of the SS patients and 19% of the control subjects. The association between inflammation severity of the MSG pattern and the presence of B cell clonality was found to be statistically significant (P<0.01). We concluded that the presence of B cell clonality in MSG can be used as a index of an altered microenvironment favouring the development of lymphoma in SS patients.
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Odonne G, Bourdy G, Castillo D, Estevez Y, Lancha-Tangoa A, Alban-Castillo J, Deharo E, Rojas R, Stien D, Sauvain M. Ta'ta', Huayani: perception of leishmaniasis and evaluation of medicinal plants used by the Chayahuita in Peru. Part II. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 126:149-58. [PMID: 19631728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY A knowledge attitude and practice study centred on leishmaniasis and its treatment was performed among the Chayahuita, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group living in an endemic area. This study documents traditional Chayahuita plant's use and disease concepts. Also, activity of some medicinal plants used by the Chayahuita is highlighted and discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-three Chayahuita people were interviewed, following a semi-structured questionnaire focussed on disease knowledge and perception, personal attitude and healing practices. Simultaneously, a collection of plants was performed in different ecotopes, in order to make an extensive inventory of the pharmacopoeia. RESULTS For the Chayahuita, cutaneous (CL) and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) are considered as diseases of their own, with specific names, aetiologies, mode of transmission. Regarding CL, Chayahuita people consider that the humid characteristic of the skin ulcer is a discriminative fact orienting the diagnostic forTa'ta' (leishmaniasis). Forty-six different species were designated useful against LC and /or MCL (29 species by means of the questionnaire and 27 species when collecting in different ecotopes). Thirty-seven extracts corresponding to 31 species used medicinally were screened in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes, assessing their viability by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT). Six species displayed a good activity (10 microg/ml<IC50<20 microg/ml): an undetermined hemi-epiphytic Clusiaceae, Cybianthus anthuriophyllus Pipoly (Myrsinaceae), two Piper, Piper sanguineispicum Trel., and Piper loretoanum Trel. (Piperaceae), Desmodium axillare Sw. DC. (Fabaceae), and Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. (Asteraceae). CONCLUSION Perception of leishmaniasis, attitude, treatments and diet prohibitions still largely reflects traditional Chayahuita cosmovision, even if some tentative of bio-medical re-interpretation is arising.
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Estevez Y, Castillo D, Pisango MT, Arevalo J, Rojas R, Alban J, Deharo E, Bourdy G, Sauvain M. Evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity of plants used by Peruvian Chayahuita ethnic group. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 114:254-9. [PMID: 17889471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY A total of 27 ethanolic plant extracts from 27 species were screened for leishmanicidal activity in vitro against Leishmania amazonensis. Most of the selected species (19) are traditionally used by the Chayahuitas, an Amazonian Peruvian ethnic group, to treat skin affections and/or leishmaniasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS A colorimetric method based on the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT) was used to measure the viability of Leishmania amazonensis promastigote and amastigote stages. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Only the leaves of two species of the Piperaceae family (Piper hispidum Sw., and Piper strigosum Trel.) showed good leishmanicidal activities (IC(50)<10 microg/ml against amastigotes). Roots of Tabernaemontana sananho Ruiz & Pav. (Apocynaceae), together with bark of Vismia tomentosa Ruiz & Pav. (Clusiaceae), fruits of Solanum straminifolium var straminifolium Jacq. (Solanaceae), and stems of Zamia lindenii Regel ex André (Cycadaceae) showed low activity against amastigote stage (IC(50) around 50 microg/ml). Of those only Tabernaemontana sananho displayed also good activity on promastigotes (IC(50)<10 microg/ml). Results are discussed herein, in relation with the traditional use of the plants and compared with other data from the relevant literature.
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Castillo D, Arevalo J, Herrera F, Ruiz C, Rojas R, Rengifo E, Vaisberg A, Lock O, Lemesre JL, Gornitzka H, Sauvain M. Spirolactone iridoids might be responsible for the antileishmanial activity of a Peruvian traditional remedy made with Himatanthus sucuuba (Apocynaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 112:410-4. [PMID: 17459622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of seven medicinal plants used specifically against cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Madre de Dios region of Peru were evaluated in vitro against promastigote and axenic amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. One of them showed interesting leishmanicidal activities (IC(50)=5 microg/ml in amastigotes). Bio-guided isolation of the stem bark's ethanol extract of Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Müll. Arg.) Woodson (Apocynaceae) afforded the spirolactone iridoids isoplumericin and plumericin. The latter showed a reduction of macrophage infection similar to that of the reference drug Amphotericin B (IC(50)=0.9 and 1 microM, respectively). These findings validate the traditional use of Himatanthus sucuuba in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (Uta) in Peru.
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Courtney D, Castillo D, McCormick J, Steinberg J. High Pretest Probability Pulmonary Embolism: Prospective Comparison of the Wells Score vs. Unstructured Physician Estimation. Acad Emerg Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1197/j.aem.2007.03.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sharma P, Castillo D, Rosas N, Cabrera A, Gomez E, Toscano A, Lara F, Hernández S, Espinosa G. Synthesis and structures of organoantimony compounds containing intramolecular Sb–N interactions. J Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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López Cubillana P, Martínez Barba E, Prieto A, Server Pastor G, Sola J, Nicolás JA, García Hernández JA, Gómez G, Martínez Pertusa P, Pérez Albacete M, Bañón V, Valdelvira P, Guardiola A, Castillo D, Cao E, Alonso JD. Oat-cell carcinoma of the prostate. Diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic implications. Urol Int 2002; 67:209-12. [PMID: 11598447 DOI: 10.1159/000050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Any carcinoma of prostatic origin which is not an acinary adenocarcinoma of the prostate is considered to be an atypical carcinoma. One member of this group of atypical prostatic tumors is the oat-cell carcinoma, or small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the prostate. This variety of carcinoma constitutes the histologic basis of <1% of all prostatic neoplasms. METHODS Between 1992 and 1997, four patients were diagnosed with SCC of the prostate at our hospital. In 3 of the 4 cases, the histopathological diagnosis was pure SCC, and in the 4th case there was a component of prostatic adenocarcinoma associated with the SCC. At the time of diagnosis, extracapsular extension of the tumor was present in all 4 cases, with T3 or higher stages in all of them (T(3A)N(0)M(1), T(3A)N(0)M(0), T(3B)N(0)M(1), and T(4)N(0)M(0)). Because of the presence of extracapsular extension, radiotherapy and radical surgery were ruled out for all 4 patients. They were all offered systemic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (1 g/m(2)), doxorubicin (50 mg/m(2)) and vincristine (1.2 mg/m(2)). This therapeutic protocol was carried out in only 2 cases. RESULTS Survival was <1 year in the 3 patients with pure SCC, and the patient with a mixed tumor is alive with detectable disease 9 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS This poor vital prognosis in SCC stresses the need for early diagnosis a timely and appropriate therapeutic intervention in this condition.
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