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Corcia P, Camu W, Brulard C, Marouillat S, Couratier P, Camdessanché JP, Cintas P, Verschueren A, Soriani MH, Desnuelle C, Fleury MC, Guy N, Cassereau J, Viader F, Pittion-Vouyovitch S, Danel V, Kolev I, Le Masson G, Beltran S, Salachas F, Bernard E, Pradat PF, Blasco H, Lanznaster D, Hergesheimer R, Laumonnier F, Andres CR, Meininger V, Vourc'h P. Effect of familial clustering in the genetic screening of 235 French ALS families. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2021; 92:479-484. [PMID: 33408239 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-325064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether the familial clustering of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases and the phenotype of the disease may help identify the pathogenic genes involved. METHODS We conducted a targeted next-generation sequencing analysis on 235 French familial ALS (FALS), unrelated probands to identify mutations in 30 genes linked to the disease. The genealogy, that is, number of cases and generations with ALS, gender, age, site of onset and the duration of the disease were analysed. RESULTS Regarding the number of generations, 49 pedigrees had only one affected generation, 152 had two affected generations and 34 had at least three affected generations. Among the 149 pedigrees (63.4%) for which a deleterious variant was found, an abnormal G4C2 expansion in C9orf72 was found in 98 cases as well as SOD1, TARBP or FUS mutations in 30, 9 and 7 cases, respectively. Considering pedigrees from the number of generations, abnormal G4C2 expansion in C9orf72 was more frequent in pedigrees with pairs of affected ALS cases, which represented 65.2% of our cohort. SOD1 mutation involved all types of pedigrees. No TARDBP nor FUS mutation was present in monogenerational pedigrees. TARDBP mutation predominated in bigenerational pedigrees with at least three cases and FUS mutation in multigenerational pedigrees with more than seven cases, on average, and with an age of onset younger than 45 years. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that familial clustering, phenotypes and genotypes are interconnected in FALS, and thus it might be possible to target the genetic screening from the familial architecture and the phenotype of ALS cases.
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Esselin F, Mouzat K, Polge A, Juntas-Morales R, Pageot N, De la Cruz E, Bernard E, Lagrange E, Danel V, Alphandery S, Labar L, Nogué E, Picot MC, Lumbroso S, Camu W. Clinical Phenotype and Inheritance in Patients With C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion: Results From a Large French Cohort. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:316. [PMID: 32410933 PMCID: PMC7199526 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases, the presence of an abnormal C9ORF72 repeat expansion (C9RE) is the most frequent genetic cause identified. Various clinical phenotypes have been described in relation to the presence of C9RE, including psychiatric disorders or Huntington-like symptoms. In a subset of sporadic ALS, C9RE has also been described. In the present study, all index cases with ALS and C9RE identified in our center and their clinical profile, as well as neurological and psychiatric characteristics of identified family members, were described. Clinical characteristics of ALS patients were compared to 999 patients with sporadic ALS (SALS) from our database. Results From the 70 index cases with ALS identified, a total of 200 individuals were studied, 118 with ALS, 32 with fronto-temporal lobe degeneration (FTD), 37 with ALS/FTD, and 13 with psychiatric disorders. A familial history was present in 57 of the index cases (81%). In ALS and ALS/FTD cases with C9RE, the age of onset (AoO) was earlier than that in SALS cases, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.008, respectively. Sporadic cases with C9REALS (n = 13) had an earlier AoO compared to familial C9REALS ones, p < 0.0001. Within families, there was an earlier AoO in index cases and their siblings compared to their parental generation (p < 0.01). There was also a significant intrafamilial correlation for bulbar onset of ALS. The parental generation had significant female predominance compared to index cases and their siblings (sex ratio 0.47 vs. 1.4, p = 0.004), and this predominance was also present when considering parent–child pairs. In the group with psychiatric disorders, suicide was prominent (n = 9) and mean age was 54 years. Conclusion Although our sample size is rather limited, the earlier AoO in index cases and their siblings compared to the parental generation may suggest an anticipation. Reasons for predominance of female transmission are unclear, but the hypothesis that gender influences transmission of the genetic trait or C9RE size variation may be taken into account. Intrafamilial correlation suggests that genetic aspects underlie the occurrence of bulbar onset in ALS patients. Studies on larger samples are warranted to confirm those results.
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Pegat A, Bouhour F, Mouzat K, Vial C, Pegat B, Leblanc P, Broussolle E, Millecamps S, Lumbroso S, Bernard E. Electrophysiological Characterization of C9ORF72-Associated Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Retrospective Study. Eur Neurol 2020; 82:106-112. [PMID: 32018264 DOI: 10.1159/000505777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of the present study was to determine whether C9ORF72-associated ALS (C9-ALS) patients present distinctive electrophysiological characteristics that could differentiate them from non C9ORF72-associated ALS (nonC9-ALS) patients. METHODS Clinical and electrodiagnostic data from C9-ALS patients and nonC9-ALS patients were collected retrospectively. For electroneuromyography, the mean values of motor conduction, myography, and the mean values of sensory conduction were considered. Furthermore, the proportion of ALS patients with electrophysiological sensory neuropathy was determined. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between 31 C9-ALS patients and 22 nonC9-ALS patients for mean motor conduction and myography. For sensory conduction analyses, mean sensory conduction was not significantly different between both groups. In total, 38% of -C9-ALS patient and 21% of nonC9-ALS patients presented electrophysiological sensory neuropathy (p = 0.33). In -C9-ALS patients with electrophysiological sensory neuropathy, 80% (8/10) were male and 67% (6/9) presented spinal onset compare to 25% (4/16, p = 0.014) male and 25% (4/16, p = 0.087) with spinal onset in those without electrophysiological sensory neuropathy. CONCLUSION Although not different from nonC9-ALS, these results suggest that sensory involvement is a frequent feature of C9-ALS patients, expanding the phenotype of the disease beyond the motor and cognitive domains.
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Bernard E, Sakamoto R, Hodille E, Kreter A, Autissier E, Barthe MF, Desgardin P, Schwarz-Selinger T, Burwitz V, Feuillastre S, Garcia-Argote S, Pieters G, Rousseau B, Ialovega M, Bisson R, Ghiorghiu F, Corr C, Thompson M, Doerner R, Markelj S, Yamada H, Yoshida N, Grisolia C. Corrigendum to “Tritium retention in w plasma-facing materials: Impact of the material structure and helium irradiation” [Nucl. Mater. Energy 2019; 19: 403–410]. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2020.100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Amador MDM, Muratet F, Teyssou E, Banneau G, Danel-Brunaud V, Allart E, Antoine JC, Camdessanché JP, Anheim M, Rudolf G, Tranchant C, Fleury MC, Bernard E, Stevanin G, Millecamps S. Spastic paraplegia due to recessive or dominant mutations in ERLIN2 can convert to ALS. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2019; 5:e374. [PMID: 32042907 PMCID: PMC6927358 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether mutations in ERLIN2, known to cause SPG18, a recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (SP) responsible for the degeneration of the upper motor neurons leading to weakness and spasticity restricted to the lower limbs, could contribute to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a distinct and more severe motor neuron disease (MND), in which the lower motor neurons also profusely degenerates, leading to tetraplegia, bulbar palsy, respiratory insufficiency, and ultimately the death of the patients. Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed in a large cohort of 200 familial ALS and 60 sporadic ALS after a systematic screening for C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion. ERLIN2 variants identified by exome analysis were validated using Sanger analysis. Segregation of the identified variant with the disease was checked for all family members with available DNA. Results Here, we report the identification of ERLIN2 mutations in patients with a primarily SP evolving to rapid progressive ALS, leading to the death of the patients. These mutations segregated with the disease in a dominant (V168M) or recessive (D300V) manner in these families or were found in apparently sporadic cases (N125S). Conclusions Inheritance of ERLIN2 mutations appears to be, within the MND spectrum, more complex that previously reported. These results expand the clinical phenotype of ERLIN2 mutations to a severe outcome of MND and should be considered before delivering a genetic counseling to ERLIN2-linked families.
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Coudert L, Nonaka T, Bernard E, Hasegawa M, Schaeffer L, Leblanc P. Phosphorylated and aggregated TDP-43 with seeding properties are induced upon mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) polyglutamine expression in human cellular models. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2615-2632. [PMID: 30863908 PMCID: PMC11105362 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Tar DNA-Binding Protein 43 (TDP-43) and its phosphorylated isoform (pTDP-43) are the major components associated with ubiquitin positive/Tau-negative inclusions found in neurons and glial cells of patients suffering of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or frontotemporal lobar degeneration-TDP-43 (FTLD-TDP). Many studies have revealed that TDP-43 is also in the protein inclusions associated with neurodegenerative conditions other than ALS and FTLD-TDP, thus suggesting that this protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological disorders. In brains of Huntington-affected patients, pTDP-43 aggregates were shown to co-localize with mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) inclusions. Here, we show that expression of mHtt carrying 80-97 polyglutamines repeats in human cell cultures induces the aggregation and the phosphorylation of endogenous TDP-43, whereas non-pathological Htt with 25 polyglutamines repeats has no effect. Mutant Htt aggregation precedes accumulation of pTDP-43 and pTDP-43 co-localizes with mHtt inclusions reminding what it was previously described in brains of Huntington-affected patients. Detergent-insoluble fractions from cells expressing mHtt and containing mHtt-pTDP-43 co-aggregates can function as seeds for further TDP-43 aggregation in human cell culture. The human cellular prion protein PrPC was previously identified as a negative modulator of mHtt aggregation; here, we show that PrPC-mediated reduction of mHtt aggregation is tightly correlated with a decrease of TDP-43 aggregation and phosphorylation, thus confirming the close relationships between TDP-43 and mHtt.
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Bernard E, Sakamoto R, Hodille E, Kreter A, Autissier E, Barthe MF, Desgardin P, Schwarz-Selinger T, Burwitz V, Feuillastre S, Garcia-Argote S, Pieters G, Rousseau B, Ialovega M, Bisson R, Ghiorghiu F, Corr C, Thompson M, Doerner R, Markelj S, Yamada H, Yoshida N, Grisolia C. Tritium retention in W plasma-facing materials: Impact of the material structure and helium irradiation. NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fourier A, Kaczorowski F, Formaglio M, Bernard E, Mollion H, Sauvée M, Quadrio I. Profils des biomarqueurs du LCS dans les DLFT-TDP43 génétiques. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sauzéat L, Bernard E, Perret-Liaudet A, Quadrio I, Vighetto A, Krolak-Salmon P, Broussolle E, Leblanc P, Balter V. Interdisciplinary Case Study: Geochemistry Meets the Clinic in Search for a Metal ALS Biomarker. iScience 2019; 11:531-535. [PMID: 30639186 PMCID: PMC6355724 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Muñoz-Leal S, Barbier E, Soares FAM, Bernard E, Labruna MB, Dantas-Torres F. New records of ticks infesting bats in Brazil, with observations on the first nymphal stage of Ornithodoros hasei. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2018; 76:537-549. [PMID: 30474785 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-018-0330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In Brazil, at least 14 species of soft ticks (Argasidae) are associated with bats. While Ornithodoros hasei seems to be abundant among foliage-roosting bats, other groups of ticks are found exclusively inside caves. In this paper, noteworthy records of soft ticks infesting bats are documented in new localities from Bahia, Pernambuco, Piauí, and Rondônia states. Out of 201 bats examined, 25 were infested by 152 ticks belonging to seven taxa: Ornithodoros cavernicolous, O. hasei, Ornithodoros marinkellei, Ornithodoros cf. fonsecai, Ornithodoros cf. clarki, Antricola sp., and Nothoaspis amazoniensis. These findings provide new insights into the geographical distribution and host association of soft ticks occurring in the Neotropical region. Remarkably, morphological and biological observations about O. hasei are inferred based on the examination of on-host-collected first stage nymphs.
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Crous P, Luangsa-ard J, Wingfield M, Carnegie A, Hernández-Restrepo M, Lombard L, Roux J, Barreto R, Baseia I, Cano-Lira J, Martín M, Morozova O, Stchigel A, Summerell B, Brandrud T, Dima B, García D, Giraldo A, Guarro J, Gusmão L, Khamsuntorn P, Noordeloos M, Nuankaew S, Pinruan U, Rodríguez-Andrade E, Souza-Motta C, Thangavel R, van Iperen A, Abreu V, Accioly T, Alves J, Andrade J, Bahram M, Baral HO, Barbier E, Barnes C, Bendiksen E, Bernard E, Bezerra J, Bezerra J, Bizio E, Blair J, Bulyonkova T, Cabral T, Caiafa M, Cantillo T, Colmán A, Conceição L, Cruz S, Cunha A, Darveaux B, da Silva A, da Silva G, da Silva G, da Silva R, de Oliveira R, Oliveira R, De Souza J, Dueñas M, Evans H, Epifani F, Felipe M, Fernández-López J, Ferreira B, Figueiredo C, Filippova N, Flores J, Gené J, Ghorbani G, Gibertoni T, Glushakova A, Healy R, Huhndorf S, Iturrieta-González I, Javan-Nikkhah M, Juciano R, Jurjević Ž, Kachalkin A, Keochanpheng K, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Li YC, Lima A, Machado A, Madrid H, Magalhães O, Marbach P, Melanda G, Miller A, Mongkolsamrit S, Nascimento R, Oliveira T, Ordoñez M, Orzes R, Palma M, Pearce C, Pereira O, Perrone G, Peterson S, Pham T, Piontelli E, Pordel A, Quijada L, Raja H, Rosas de Paz E, Ryvarden L, Saitta A, Salcedo S, Sandoval-Denis M, Santos T, Seifert K, Silva B, Smith M, Soares A, Sommai S, Sousa J, Suetrong S, Susca A, Tedersoo L, Telleria M, Thanakitpipattana D, Valenzuela-Lopez N, Visagie C, Zapata M, Groenewald J. Fungal Planet description sheets: 785-867. PERSOONIA 2018; 41:238-417. [PMID: 30728607 PMCID: PMC6344811 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa Rica, Lasiosphaeria miniovina on tree branch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense on tree trunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl. Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Falcocladium africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Hungary, Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed forest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana on Cyperus sp. Italy, Inocybe roseascens on soil in mixed forest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis on Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris from soil. Netherlands, Acaulium pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) from soil. New Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp. and Neodevriesia metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba uvifera, Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha. Russia, Amanita paludosa on bogged soil in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis. South Africa, Coniella diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae fam. nov. and Neomelanconiella gen. nov.) on Combretum sp., Polyphialoseptoria natalensis on unidentified plant host, Pseudorobillarda bolusanthi on Bolusanthus speciosus, Thelonectria pelargonii on Pelargonium sp. Spain, Vermiculariopsiella lauracearum and Anungitopsis lauri on Laurus novocanariensis, Geosmithia xerotolerans from a darkened wall of a house, Pseudopenidiella gallaica on leaf litter. Thailand, Corynespora thailandica on wood, Lareunionomyces loeiensis on leaf litter, Neocochlearomyces chromolaenae (incl. Neocochlearomyces gen. nov.) on Chromolaena odorata, Neomyrmecridium septatum (incl. Neomyrmecridium gen. nov.), Pararamichloridium caricicola on Carex sp., Xenodactylaria thailandica (incl. Xenodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Xenodactylaria gen. nov.), Neomyrmecridium asiaticum and Cymostachys thailandica from unidentified vine. USA, Carolinigaster bonitoi (incl. Carolinigaster gen. nov.) from soil, Penicillium fortuitum from house dust, Phaeotheca shathenatiana (incl. Phaeothecaceae fam. nov.) from twig and cone litter, Pythium wohlseniorum from stream water, Superstratomyces tardicrescens from human eye, Talaromyces iowaense from office air. Vietnam, Fistulinella olivaceoalba on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
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Vogrig A, Joubert B, Maureille A, Thomas L, Bernard E, Streichenberger N, Cotton F, Ducray F, Honnorat J. Motor neuron involvement in anti-Ma2-associated paraneoplastic neurological syndrome. J Neurol 2018; 266:398-410. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-9143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fourier A, Escal J, Bernard E, Lachman I, Perret-Liaudet A, Leblanc P, Quadrio I. Development of an automated capillary nano-immunoassay-Simple Western assay-to quantify total TDP43 protein in human platelet samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 411:267-275. [PMID: 30374726 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration syndrome is the second cause of young-onset dementia. Unfortunately, reliable biomarkers are currently lacking for the diagnosis of this disease. As TDP43 protein is one of the proteins pathologically involved in frontotemporal lobar degeneration, many studies have been performed to assess TDP43 protein diagnostic performances. Mixed results were obtained using cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples so far. The aim of the study was to develop an automated capillary nano-immunoassay-Simple Western assay-to detect and quantify TDP43 protein simultaneously in human blood-based samples. Simple Western assay was developed with two different cell lysates used as positive controls and was compared to Western blot. TDP43 protein profiles in plasma samples were disappointing, as they were discordant to our positive controls. On the contrary, similar TDP43 patterns were obtained between platelet samples and cell lysates using both assays. Simple Western assay provided good quantitative performances in platelet samples: a linearity of signals could be observed (r2 = 0.994), associated to a within-run variability at 5.7%. Preliminary results based on a cohort of patients suffering from frontotemporal lobar degeneration showed large inter-individual variations superior to Simple Western's analytical variability. Simple Western assay seems to be suitable for detecting and quantifying TDP43 protein in platelet samples, providing a potential candidate biomarker in this disease. Further confirmation studies should now be performed on larger cohorts of patients to assess diagnostic performances of TDP43 protein in platelet samples.
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Sauzéat L, Bernard E, Perret-Liaudet A, Quadrio I, Vighetto A, Krolak-Salmon P, Broussolle E, Leblanc P, Balter V. Isotopic Evidence for Disrupted Copper Metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. iScience 2018; 6:264-271. [PMID: 30240616 PMCID: PMC6137708 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-active metals are thought to be implicated in neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). To address this point, we measured the concentrations of 12 elements and, for the first time, the stable isotope compositions of copper (redox-active) and zinc (redox-inactive) in human cerebrospinal fluids of 31 patients with ALS, 11 age-matched controls (CTRL), and 14 patients with Alzheimer disease. We first show that metal concentrations weakly discriminate patients with ALS from the two other groups. We then report that zinc isotopic compositions are similar in the three groups, but that patients with ALS have significantly 65copper-enriched isotopic compositions relative to CTRL and patients with AD. This result unambiguously demonstrates that copper is implicated in ALS. We suggest that this copper isotopic signature may result from abnormal protein aggregation in the brain parenchyma, and propose that isotopic analysis is a potential tool that may help unraveling the molecular mechanisms at work in ALS. Redox-active metals are implicated in ALS through oxidative stress Concentrations of these metals in CSFs of patients with ALS are non-specific Copper stable isotope composition in CSFs of patients with ALS are specific Isotopic balance between CSFs and brain is probably the mechanism
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Gavanier B, Houfani F, Dumoulin Q, Bernard E, Mangin M, Mainard D. Osteosynthesis of periprosthetic type A and B femoral fractures using an unlocked plate with integrated cerclage cable and trochanteric hook: A multicenter retrospective study of 45 patients with mean follow-up of 20 months. Injury 2017; 48:2827-2832. [PMID: 29100663 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Femoral periprosthetic fracture (FPF) is a frequent complication in dependent elderly persons, with a limited life expectancy. Their management is difficult and the choice between osteosynthesis and prosthesis is still matter of discussion. To date, there is no study on unlocked plate with integrated cerclage cable and trochanteric hook for this indication. The objectives of this study were to analyze fracture healing, complication rate and functional outcome. Our hypothesis is that this technique allows a high rate of consolidation and a return to the previous state in terms of autonomy and place of residence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective multicenter study between 2010 and 2015. The inclusion criteria were: patients with type A and B FPF according to the classification of Vancouver who received osteosynthesis hook plate. The evaluation focused on the consolidation period, complications and pre and postoperative Parker and Katz scores. Death, nonunion, dislocation, infection and failure of fixation were considered major complications. RESULTS Forty-five patients met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated at mean 20 months (6-72). All fractures consolidated at a mean 7 weeks (6-10), except one that has not undergone further surgery in the absence of functional impairment. Parker score decreased from 6.4 to 4.9 (p=0.03) and Katz score from 4.8 to 4.3 (p=0.045). Five patients died within the year of the operation. Five patients living at home preoperatively were admitted to an institution, the others returned to their retirement home or nursing home. CONCLUSION This plate allows for a quick and effective management of patients with FPF. The low rate of complications and the very good consolidation rate lead us to use the same plate even for class B2 or B3 fractures in some patients with precarious health condition who cannot tolerate major revision surgery: Elderly, ASA score >3, loss of autonomy, Katz score <4.
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Bellec-Dyèvre J, Lostal W, Bernard E, Cosette J, Richard I. Development of a CRISPR-based gene therapy approach targeting the large exon 45-exon 55 mutation hotspot in DMD gene. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Courjon J, Demonchy E, Cua E, Bernard E, Roger PM. Efficacy and safety of clindamycin-based treatment for bone and joint infections: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 36:2513-2518. [PMID: 28884303 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-017-3094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Clindamycin has high bioavailability together with good diffusion in bone tissue and could represent an alternative antibiotic compound for the treatment of bone and joint infections (BJIs). However, data regarding the efficacy and safety of clindamycin for BJIs are limited. A monocentric cohort study based on our medical dashboard, which prospectively recorded 28 characteristics for all hospitalized patients since July 2005, was performed. BJIs were selected, and then, all mono-microbial BJI managed with clindamycin-based therapy were included. Remission was defined as the absence of clinical and/or microbiological relapse after treatment. The duration of follow-up without relapse was determined retrospectively using computerized medical records. For 10 years, 196 BJIs, of which 80 (41%) were device-associated infections, were treated with clindamycin-based therapy. The bacterial causative agent was Staphylococcus aureus in 130 cases (66%), coagulase-negative staphylococci in 29 cases (15%), streptococci in 31 cases (16%) and other bacteria in 6 cases (3%). When used in combination therapy, clindamycin was mainly paired with fluoroquinolones (31%) or rifampin (27%). The mean duration of clindamycin treatment was 7.4 ± 3.2 weeks (range, 1-24). An AE was recorded for 9 (4.5%) patients. Remission was recorded for 111 (57%) patients, with a mean duration of clinical follow-up of 28 ± 24 months. Treatment failure occurred in 22 (11%) patients, 50 patients (25%) were lost to follow-up, and 8 (4%) required long-term suppressive therapy. Among the assessable patients, clindamycin-based therapy was efficient in 111/133 cases (83%) and thus represents a reliable and safe alternative treatment option.
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Bernard E, Mouzat K, Leblanc P, Bost M, Lumbroso S, Thobois S, Broussolle E. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Huntington disease gene carrier. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:670-671. [PMID: 28595974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Androdias G, Bernard E, Biotti D, Collongues N, Durand-Dubief F, Pique J, Sanchez I, Delmas C, Ninet J, Marignier R, Vukusic S. Multiple sclerosis broke my heart. Ann Neurol 2017; 81:754-758. [DOI: 10.1002/ana.24935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Leblanc P, Arellano-Anaya ZE, Bernard E, Gallay L, Provansal M, Lehmann S, Schaeffer L, Raposo G, Vilette D. Isolation of Exosomes and Microvesicles from Cell Culture Systems to Study Prion Transmission. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1545:153-176. [PMID: 27943213 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6728-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are composed of microvesicles and exosomes. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles (40-120 nm sized) of endosomal origin released in the extracellular medium from cells when multivesicular bodies fuse with the plasma membrane, whereas microvesicles (i.e., shedding vesicles, 100 nm to 1 μm sized) bud from the plasma membrane. Exosomes and microvesicles carry functional proteins and nucleic acids (especially mRNAs and microRNAs) that can be transferred to surrounding cells and tissues and can impact multiple dimensions of the cellular life. Most of the cells, if not all, from neuronal to immune cells, release exosomes and microvesicles in the extracellular medium, and all biological fluids including blood (serum/plasma), urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva contain EVs.Prion-infected cultured cells are known to secrete infectivity into their environment. We characterized this cell-free form of prions and showed that infectivity was associated with exosomes. Since exosomes are produced by a variety of cells, including cells that actively accumulate prions, they could be a vehicle for infectivity in body fluids and could participate to the dissemination of prions in the organism. In addition, such infectious exosomes also represent a natural, simple, biological material to get key information on the abnormal PrP forms associated with infectivity.In this chapter, we describe first a method that allows exosomes and microvesicles isolation from prion-infected cell cultures and in a second time the strategies to characterize the prions containing exosomes and their ability to disseminate the prion agent.
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Barbier E, Prado-Neto JG, Bernard E. Records of Bat Flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) in the Semi-Arid Caatinga in the State of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:740-745. [PMID: 27562845 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0432-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the largest gaps in the knowledge of ectoparasitic flies of the families Nycteribiidae and Streblidae in Brazil is the northeastern region, where most states do not have any record. Here, we present the first records of those two bat fly families for the state of Paraíba. We recorded a total of 10 species of five genera parasitizing eight bat species of four families. Trichobius diphyllae Wenzel (Streblidae) was the most abundant species, found parasitizing Diphylla ecaudata (Phyllostomidae), and T. dugesioides dugesioides Wenzel, the second, found on Trachops cirrhosus (Phyllostomidae). Three species were recorded for the first time in northeastern Brazil and seven species are new for the semi-arid Caatinga. We collected T. galei Wenzel and T. pallidus (Curran) on Natalus macrourus (Natalidae) and Furipterus horrens (Furipteridae), respectively, two endangered bat species, and the species-specific relationship with their hosts points out to some degree of vulnerability. In addition, we present information on host-parasite relationship, and data that extend the known geographic distribution of some species.
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Laurencin C, Rascle L, Cotton F, Grosset-Janin C, Bernard E, Depienne C, Vukusic S, Thobois S. A rare case of SPG11 mutation with multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016; 172:389-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Adachi N, Adamovitch V, Adjovi Y, Aida K, Akamatsu H, Akiyama S, Akli A, Ando A, Andrault T, Antonietti H, Anzai S, Arkoun G, Avenoso C, Ayrault D, Banasiewicz M, Banaśkiewicz M, Bernardini L, Bernard E, Berthet E, Blanchard M, Boreyko D, Boros K, Charron S, Cornette P, Czerkas K, Dameron M, Date I, De Pontbriand M, Demangeau F, Dobaczewski Ł, Dobrzyński L, Ducouret A, Dziedzic M, Ecalle A, Edon V, Endo K, Endo T, Endo Y, Etryk D, Fabiszewska M, Fang S, Fauchier D, Felici F, Fujiwara Y, Gardais C, Gaul W, Gurin L, Hakoda R, Hamamatsu I, Handa K, Haneda H, Hara T, Hashimoto M, Hashimoto T, Hashimoto K, Hata D, Hattori M, Hayano R, Hayashi R, Higasi H, Hiruta M, Honda A, Horikawa Y, Horiuchi H, Hozumi Y, Ide M, Ihara S, Ikoma T, Inohara Y, Itazu M, Ito A, Janvrin J, Jout I, Kanda H, Kanemori G, Kanno M, Kanomata N, Kato T, Kato S, Katsu J, Kawasaki Y, Kikuchi K, Kilian P, Kimura N, Kiya M, Klepuszewski M, Kluchnikov E, Kodama Y, Kokubun R, Konishi F, Konno A, Kontsevoy V, Koori A, Koutaka A, Kowol A, Koyama Y, Kozioł M, Kozue M, Kravtchenko O, Kruczała W, Kudła M, Kudo H, Kumagai R, Kurogome K, Kurosu A, Kuse M, Lacombe A, Lefaillet E, Magara M, Malinowska J, Malinowski M, Maroselli V, Masui Y, Matsukawa K, Matsuya K, Matusik B, Maulny M, Mazur P, Miyake C, Miyamoto Y, Miyata K, Miyata K, Miyazaki M, Molȩda M, Morioka T, Morita E, Muto K, Nadamoto H, Nadzikiewicz M, Nagashima K, Nakade M, Nakayama C, Nakazawa H, Nihei Y, Nikul R, Niwa S, Niwa O, Nogi M, Nomura K, Ogata D, Ohguchi H, Ohno J, Okabe M, Okada M, Okada Y, Omi N, Onodera H, Onodera K, Ooki S, Oonishi K, Oonuma H, Ooshima H, Oouchi H, Orsucci M, Paoli M, Penaud M, Perdrisot C, Petit M, Piskowski A, Płocharski A, Polis A, Polti L, Potsepnia T, Przybylski D, Pytel M, Quillet W, Remy A, Robert C, Sadowski M, Saito M, Sakuma D, Sano K, Sasaki Y, Sato N, Schneider T, Schneider C, Schwartzman K, Selivanov E, Sezaki M, Shiroishi K, Shustava I, Śniecińska A, Stalchenko E, Staroń A, Stromboni M, Studzińska W, Sugisaki H, Sukegawa T, Sumida M, Suzuki Y, Suzuki K, Suzuki R, Suzuki H, Suzuki K, Świderski W, Szudejko M, Szymaszek M, Tada J, Taguchi H, Takahashi K, Tanaka D, Tanaka G, Tanaka S, Tanino K, Tazbir K, Tcesnokova N, Tgawa N, Toda N, Tsuchiya H, Tsukamoto H, Tsushima T, Tsutsumi K, Umemura H, Uno M, Usui A, Utsumi H, Vaucelle M, Wada Y, Watanabe K, Watanabe S, Watase K, Witkowski M, Yamaki T, Yamamoto J, Yamamoto T, Yamashita M, Yanai M, Yasuda K, Yoshida Y, Yoshida A, Yoshimura K, Żmijewska M, Zuclarelli E. Measurement and comparison of individual external doses of high-school students living in Japan, France, Poland and Belarus-the 'D-shuttle' project. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2016; 36:49-66. [PMID: 26613195 DOI: 10.1088/0952-4746/36/1/49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Twelve high schools in Japan (of which six are in Fukushima Prefecture), four in France, eight in Poland and two in Belarus cooperated in the measurement and comparison of individual external doses in 2014. In total 216 high-school students and teachers participated in the study. Each participant wore an electronic personal dosimeter 'D-shuttle' for two weeks, and kept a journal of his/her whereabouts and activities. The distributions of annual external doses estimated for each region overlap with each other, demonstrating that the personal external individual doses in locations where residence is currently allowed in Fukushima Prefecture and in Belarus are well within the range of estimated annual doses due to the terrestrial background radiation level of other regions/countries.
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Marin B, Beghi E, Vial C, Bernard E, Lautrette G, Clavelou P, Guy N, Lemasson G, Debruxelles S, Cintas P, Antoine JC, Camdessanche JP, Logroscino G, Preux PM, Couratier P. Evaluation of the application of the European guidelines for the diagnosis and clinical care of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients in six French ALS centres. Eur J Neurol 2016; 23:787-95. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kânoğlu U, Titov V, Bernard E, Synolakis C. Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2015; 373:rsta.2014.0369. [PMID: 26392618 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tsunamis are high-impact, long-duration disasters that in most cases allow for only minutes of warning before impact. Since the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami, there have been significant advancements in warning methodology, pre-disaster preparedness and basic understanding of related phenomena. Yet, the trail of destruction of the 2011 Japan tsunami, broadcast live to a stunned world audience, underscored the difficulties of implementing advances in applied hazard mitigation. We describe state of the art methodologies, standards for warnings and summarize recent advances in basic understanding, and identify cross-disciplinary challenges. The stage is set to bridge science, engineering and society to help build up coastal resilience and reduce losses.
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