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Venkateswaran R, Lannon J, Wong E, Berman M, Howell N, Payne J, Dark J, Banner N. The Interval between Brain Stem Death and Cardiac Assessment Influences the Retrieval of Hearts for Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Kretzschmar P, Kramer-Schadt S, Ambu L, Bender J, Bohm T, Ernsing M, Göritz F, Hermes R, Payne J, Schaffer N, Thayaparan S, Zainal Z, Hildebrandt T, Hofer H. The catastrophic decline of the Sumatran rhino ( Dicerorhinus sumatrensis harrissoni ) in Sabah: Historic exploitation, reduced female reproductive performance and population viability. Glob Ecol Conserv 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Payne J, Farris R, Parker G, Bonhotal J, Schwarz M. Quantification of sodium pentobarbital residues from equine mortality compost piles. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:1824-9. [PMID: 26020203 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium pentobarbital, a euthanasia drug, can persist in animal carcasses following euthanasia and can cause secondary toxicosis to animals that consume the remains. This experiment was conducted to observe the effects of composting on euthanized horse carcass degradation and sodium pentobarbital residues in compost material up to 367 d. Six separate compost bins were constructed on pastureland. Three bins served as the control while 3 served as the treatment. The carbonaceous material, or bulking agent, consisted of hardwood chips mixed with yard waste wetted to approximately 50% moisture content. Bulking agent was added to each bin at a depth of 0.46 m, creating the pad. A licensed veterinarian provided 6 horse carcasses for use in the experiment. These horses had required euthanasia for health reasons. All horses were weighed and then sedated with an intravenous injection of 8 mL of xylazine. After sedation the 3 horses in the treatment group were euthanized by intravenous injection of 60 mL of sodium pentobarbital. The 3 control group horses were anesthetized by intravenous injection of 15 mL of ketamine hydrochloride and then humanely euthanized by precise gunshot to the temporal lobe. Following euthanasia, each carcass was placed on the center of the pad and surrounded with 0.6 m of additional bulking agent. Serum and liver samples were obtained immediately following death. Compost samples were obtained on d 7, 14, 28, 56, 84, 129, 233, and 367 while soil samples were obtained on d -1 and 367. Each sample was analyzed for sodium pentobarbital concentration. Compost pile and ambient temperatures were also recorded. Composting successfully degraded soft tissue with only large bones remaining. Data illustrate that sodium pentobarbital was detectable up to 367 d in compost piles with no clear trend of concentration reduction. Drug residues were detected in soil samples indicating that sodium pentobarbital leached from the carcass and through the pad. These findings confirm the persistence of sodium pentobarbital from equine mortality compost piles and emphasize the importance of proper carcass management of animals euthanized with a barbiturate to reduce environmental impact and secondary toxicosis.
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Green P, Payne J, Humphries S, Neely D, Gingell R, Lunken C, Oliver G, Boley S, Helm R. Optimising detection and management of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) – Revision of the FH Audit tool to monitor lipid levels. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Major D, Armstrong D, Bryant H, Cheung W, Decker K, Doyle G, Mai V, McLachlin CM, Niu J, Payne J, Shukla N. Recent trends in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening test utilization in Canada, using self-reported data from 2008 and 2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:297-302. [PMID: 26300668 DOI: 10.3747/co.22.2690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In Canada, self-reported data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 2008 and 2012 provide an opportunity to examine overall utilization of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening tests for both programmatic and opportunistic screening. Among women 50-74 years of age, utilization of screening mammography was stable (62.0% in 2008 and 63.0% in 2012). Pap test utilization for women 25-69 years of age remained high and stable across Canada in 2008 and 2012 (78.9% in 2012). The percentage of individuals 50-74 years of age who reporting having at least 1 fecal test within the preceding 2 years increased in 2012 (to 23.0% from 16.9% in 2008), but remains low. Stable rates of screening mammography utilization (about 30%) were reported in 2008 and 2012 among women 40-49 years of age, a group for which population-based screening is not recommended. Although declining over time, cervical cancer screening rates were high for women less than 25 years of age (for whom screening is not recommended). Interestingly, an increased percentage of women 70-74 years of age reported having a Pap test. In 2012, a smaller percentage of women 50-69 years of age reported having no screening test (5.9% vs. 8.5% in 2008), and more women reported having the three types of cancer screening tests (19.0% vs. 13.2%). Efforts to encourage use of screening within the recommended average-risk age groups are needed, and education for stakeholders about the possible harms of screening outside those age groups has to continue.
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Quivey RG, Grayhack EJ, Faustoferri RC, Hubbard CJ, Baldeck JD, Wolf AS, MacGilvray ME, Rosalen PL, Scott-Anne K, Santiago B, Gopal S, Payne J, Marquis RE. Functional profiling in Streptococcus mutans: construction and examination of a genomic collection of gene deletion mutants. Mol Oral Microbiol 2015; 30:474-95. [PMID: 25973955 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A collection of tagged deletion mutant strains was created in Streptococcus mutans UA159 to facilitate investigation of the aciduric capability of this oral pathogen. Gene-specific barcoded deletions were attempted in 1432 open reading frames (representing 73% of the genome), and resulted in the isolation of 1112 strains (56% coverage) carrying deletions in distinct non-essential genes. As S. mutans virulence is predicated upon the ability of the organism to survive an acidic pH environment, form biofilms on tooth surfaces, and out-compete other oral microflora, we assayed individual mutant strains for the relative fitness of the deletion strain, compared with the parent strain, under acidic and oxidative stress conditions, as well as for their ability to form biofilms in glucose- or sucrose-containing medium. Our studies revealed a total of 51 deletion strains with defects in both aciduricity and biofilm formation. We have also identified 49 strains whose gene deletion confers sensitivity to oxidative damage and deficiencies in biofilm formation. We demonstrate the ability to examine competitive fitness of mutant organisms using the barcode tags incorporated into each deletion strain to examine the representation of a particular strain in a population. Co-cultures of deletion strains were grown either in vitro in a chemostat to steady-state values of pH 7 and pH 5 or in vivo in an animal model for oral infection. Taken together, these data represent a mechanism for assessing the virulence capacity of this pathogenic microorganism and a resource for identifying future targets for drug intervention to promote healthy oral microflora.
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Payne J, McIlreavey L, McGrath S, Tunney M, Elborn J. 124 Lack of antimicrobial activity of ivacaftor against clinical CF respiratory isolates. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Knope ML, Heim NA, Frishkoff LO, Payne JL. Limited role of functional differentiation in early diversification of animals. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6455. [PMID: 25737406 PMCID: PMC4366486 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The origin of most animal phyla and classes during the Cambrian explosion has been hypothesized to represent an ‘early burst’ of evolutionary exploration of functional ecological possibilities. However, the ecological history of marine animals has yet to be fully quantified, preventing an assessment of the early-burst model for functional ecology. Here we use ecological assignments for 18,621 marine animal genera to assess the relative timing of functional differentiation versus taxonomic diversification from the Cambrian to the present day. We find that functional diversity increased more slowly than would be expected given the history of taxonomic diversity. Contrary to previous inferences of rapid ecological differentiation from the early appearances of all well-fossilized phyla and classes, explicit coding of functional characteristics demonstrates that Cambrian genera occupied comparatively few modes of life. Functional diversity increased in the Ordovician and, especially, during the recoveries from the end-Permian and end-Cretaceous mass extinctions. Permanent shifts in the relationship between functional and taxonomic diversity following the era-bounding extinctions indicates a critical role for these biotic crises in coupling taxonomic and functional diversity. Functional differentiation and taxonomic diversity are related in modern ecosystems. Here, the authors show that functional differentiation lags behind taxonomic diversification early in the evolutionary history of marine animals and that important shifts in this relationship occur at major mass extinction events.
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Guintivano J, Arad M, Gould TD, Payne JL, Kaminsky ZA. Antenatal prediction of postpartum depression with blood DNA methylation biomarkers. Mol Psychiatry 2014; 19:560-7. [PMID: 23689534 PMCID: PMC7039252 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2013.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects ∼10-18% of women in the general population and results in serious consequences to both the mother and offspring. We hypothesized that predisposition to PPD risk is due to an altered sensitivity to estrogen-mediated epigenetic changes that act in a cell autonomous manner detectable in the blood. We investigated estrogen-mediated epigenetic reprogramming events in the hippocampus and risk to PPD using a cross-species translational design. DNA methylation profiles were generated using methylation microarrays in a prospective sample of the blood from the antenatal period of pregnant mood disorder patients who would and would not develop depression postpartum. These profiles were cross-referenced with syntenic locations exhibiting hippocampal DNA methylation changes in the mouse responsive to long-term treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2). DNA methylation associated with PPD risk correlated significantly with E2-induced DNA methylation change, suggesting an enhanced sensitivity to estrogen-based DNA methylation reprogramming exists in those at risk for PPD. Using the combined mouse and human data, we identified two biomarker loci at the HP1BP3 and TTC9B genes that predicted PPD with an area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve (area under the curve (AUC)) of 0.87 in antenatally euthymic women and 0.12 in a replication sample of antenatally depressed women. Incorporation of blood count data into the model accounted for the discrepancy and produced an AUC of 0.96 across both prepartum depressed and euthymic women. Pathway analyses demonstrated that DNA methylation patterns related to hippocampal synaptic plasticity may be of etiological importance to PPD.
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Firmin R, Borisenko O, Payne J, Smith J, Bjessmo S, Yonan N, Wyllie G. Thoratec CentriMag® for Temporary Treatment of Refractory Cardiogenic Shock or Severe Cardiopulmonary Insufficiency in Adult and Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Dovat S, Song C, Gowda C, Petrovic-Dovat L, Payne J. Inhibition of Casein Kinase II (CK2) Enhances Ikaros Tumor Suppressor Activity and Shows Therapeutic Efficacy in a Preclinical Leukemia Model. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt045.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koronkiewicz M, Romiszewska A, Kazimierczuk Z, Chilmonczyk Z, Neto MDS, Ramos SP, Curvello R, Bin M, Domingues NLC, Rinaldi AW, de Souza ACS, Dyshlovoy SA, Venz S, Guzii A, Makarieva T, Tabakmakher K, Stonik V, Balabanov S, Bokemeyer C, Honecker F, Flis S, Flis K, Statkiewicz M, Curvello R, Neto MDS, Ramos SP, Bin MEL, Shishido SM, de Souza ACS, Dovat S, Song C, Gowda C, Petrovic-Dovat L, Payne J, Chen LT, Tsai HJ, Kuo SH, Cheng AL, Chen J, Fu L, Kwong D, Guan X, Zalietok S, Samoylenko O, Zhuravel O, Gulua L, Orlovsky O, Chekhun V, Chekhun V, Zalietok S, Gulua L, Orlovsky O, Milinevska V, Karnaushenko O, Priya S, Reshma RS, Rakesh SN, Sreelatha KH, Veena S, Nand K, Gupta JC, Panda AK, Jain SK, Talwar GP, Riva P, Oreal P, Lima RT, Sousa D, Choosang K, Pakkong P, Palmeira A, Paiva AM, Seca H, Cerqueira F, Pedro M, Pinto MM, Sousa E, Vasconcelos MH. Poster session 3. Drug profiles - preclinical. Ann Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rawal J, Eleftheriou K, Skipworth J, Puthucheary Z, Loosemore M, Payne J, Dreno F, World M, Haddad F, Humphries S, Montgomery H. Relationship between calcaneal quantitative ultrasound and hip dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in young healthy men. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:1947-56. [PMID: 22222754 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Stone BM, Blyde DJ, Saliki JT, Blas-Machado U, Bingham J, Hyatt A, Wang J, Payne J, Crameri S. Fatal cetacean morbillivirus infection in an Australian offshore bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Aust Vet J 2011; 89:452-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00849.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Foster A, Strugnell B, Payne J, Schock A. Bison and copper. Vet Clin Pathol 2011; 40:138-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165x.2011.00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Johnson G, Payne J, Hooks MA, Johnson S, Vyas H, Saunders D, Kadis GN, Fredericks CA, Sehgal R, McHayleh WM. Gamma knife surgery for non-small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastasis: A community cancer center experience. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e18054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Payne J, Luis Fuentes V, Boswood A, Connolly D, Koffas H, Brodbelt D. Population characteristics and survival in 127 referred cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1997 to 2005). J Small Anim Pract 2010; 51:540-7. [PMID: 21029098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2010.00989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the characteristics and survival of a recent population of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. METHODS Records at the Royal Veterinary College Queen Mother Hospital for Animals were searched for cats diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy between 1997 and 2005. Referring veterinarians and owners were contacted to determine survival times. RESULTS Cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were evaluated for population characteristics (n=127) and survival times (n=109). Overall median survival from date of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosis at the Queen Mother Hospital for Animals was 1276 days. Cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were younger (P=0·009), and more likely to be male (P<0·001) compared to a hospital control group (n=1473), and Ragdolls were over-represented (P<0·05). Characteristics associated with increased survival in univariate analysis included younger age (P=0·007), asymptomatic status (P<0·001), normal left atrial size (P<0·001) and presence of systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (P=0·003). Systolic anterior motion was associated with asymptomatic status, and did not influence survival in asymptomatic cats or those in congestive heart failure. Age, left atrial size and breed were significantly associated with survival time in a multivariate analysis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left atrial enlargement have a poorer prognosis. The positive influence of systolic anterior motion on survival is likely to be linked to its association with asymptomatic status.
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Terry JL, LaBombard B, Brunner D, Payne J, Wurden GA. Divertor IR thermography on Alcator C-Mod. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:10E513. [PMID: 21034041 DOI: 10.1063/1.3478669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alcator C-Mod is a particularly challenging environment for thermography. It presents issues that will similarly face ITER, including low-emissivity metal targets, low-Z surface films, and closed divertor geometry. In order to make measurements of the incident divertor heat flux using IR thermography, the C-Mod divertor has been modified and instrumented. A 6° toroidal sector has been given a 2° toroidal ramp in order to eliminate magnetic field-line shadowing by imperfectly aligned divertor tiles. This sector is viewed from above by a toroidally displaced IR camera and is instrumented with thermocouples and calorimeters. The camera provides time histories of surface temperatures that are used to compute incident heat-flux profiles. The camera sensitivity is calibrated in situ using the embedded thermocouples, thus correcting for changes and nonuniformities in surface emissivity due to surface coatings.
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Wessels ME, Payne J, Willmington JA, Bell SJ, Davies IH. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
as a cause of ocular disease in goats. Vet Rec 2010; 166:699-700. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.c2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mahon PB, Payne JL, MacKinnon DF, Mondimore FM, Goes FS, Schweizer B, Jancic D, Coryell WH, Holmans PA, Shi J, Knowles JA, Scheftner WA, Weissman MM, Levinson DF, DePaulo JR, Zandi PP, Potash JB, Zandi PP, Potash JB. Genome-wide linkage and follow-up association study of postpartum mood symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 2009; 166:1229-37. [PMID: 19755578 PMCID: PMC3665341 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Family studies have suggested that postpartum mood symptoms might have a partly genetic etiology. The authors used a genome-wide linkage analysis to search for chromosomal regions that harbor genetic variants conferring susceptibility for such symptoms. The authors then fine-mapped their best linkage regions, assessing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genetic association with postpartum symptoms. METHOD Subjects were ascertained from two studies: the NIMH Genetics Initiative Bipolar Disorder project and the Genetics of Recurrent Early-Onset Depression. Subjects included women with a history of pregnancy, any mood disorder, and information about postpartum symptoms. In the linkage study, 1,210 women met criteria (23% with postpartum symptoms), and 417 microsatellite markers were analyzed in multipoint allele sharing analyses. For the association study, 759 women met criteria (25% with postpartum symptoms), and 16,916 SNPs in the regions of the best linkage peaks were assessed for association with postpartum symptoms. RESULTS The maximum linkage peak for postpartum symptoms occurred on chromosome 1q21.3-q32.1, with a chromosome-wide significant likelihood ratio Z score (Z(LR)) of 2.93 (permutation p=0.02). This was a significant increase over the baseline Z(LR) of 0.32 observed at this locus among all women with a mood disorder (permutation p=0.004). Suggestive linkage was also found on 9p24.3-p22.3 (Z(LR)=2.91). In the fine-mapping study, the strongest implicated gene was HMCN1 (nominal p=0.00017), containing four estrogen receptor binding sites, although this was not region-wide significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine the genetic etiology of postpartum mood symptoms using genome-wide data. The results suggest that genetic variations on chromosomes 1q21.3-q32.1 and 9p24.3-p22.3 may increase susceptibility to postpartum mood symptoms.
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Cvachovec K, Cerný V, Dostál O, Heger L, Maláska J, Matejovi M, Nalos D, Novák I, Parízková R, Payne J, Roznovská L, Rusínová K, Sevcík P, Simek J, Tavel P, Vácha M, Koblízek V, Pátková P. [Consensus on providing palliative treatment to patients with incurable organ failure]. VNITRNI LEKARSTVI 2009; 55:846-849. [PMID: 19785387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Treguer F, Mabo P, Tassin A, Prunier F, Furber A, Daubert JC, Solnon A, Dupuis JM, Jarverud K, Broome M, Noren K, Svensson T, Hjelm S, Bjorling A, Val-Mejias JE, Doshi S, Kroll M, Oza A, Shah S, Doshi SK, Val-Mejias JE, Pittaro M, Reeves R, Payne J, Kroll M, Graumann R, Oza A, Maury P, Raczka F, Pasquie JL, Beck L, Taieb J, Qu F, Shah R, Hallier B, Gutleben K, Brachmann J, Vogt J, Boriani G, Bowes R, Casset C, Krumel F, Johansson I, Blixt F, Andersson F, Stromberg A, Perzanowski C, Irnich W, Larsen P, Lever N, Wasniewski M, Mitkowski P, Baszko A, Ochotny R, Grajek S, Deering TF, Golman DS, Epstein A, Greenberg S, Gupta M, Lee K, Hero M, Magne I, Souques M, Moro E, Marcon C, Allocca G, Marras E, Sitta N, Da Soghe M, Varbaro A, Delise P, Chiladakis I, Kalogeropoulos A, Koutogiannis N, Arvanitis P, Zagli F, Nikokiris G, Alexopoulos D, Szydlo K, Wita K, Trusz-Gluza M, Tabor Z, Anichkov D, Shostak N, Platonova A, Polovina M, Potpara T, Grujic M, Mujovic N, Carmo P, Adragao P, Cavaco D, Parreira L, Santos K, Morgado F, Marcelino S, Silva A, Rumeau P, Maury P, Duparc A, Hebrard A, Mondoly P, Rollin A, Delay M, Mizutani N, Yonemoto T, Fukuta M, Ito T, Herrera Siklody C, Blum T, Schiebeling-Roemer J, Restle C, Weber R, Stockinger J, Kalusche D, Arentz T, Fouche R, Fromentin S, Lassabe G, Sager C. Poster Session 2: Sudden death and ICD: technical aspects. Europace 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euq217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Guildford SJ, Muir DCG, Houde M, Evans MS, Kidd KA, Whittle DM, Drouillard K, Wang X, Anderson MR, Bronte CR, Devault DS, Haffner D, Payne J, Kling HJ. PCB concentrations in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) are correlated to habitat use and lake characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:8239-8244. [PMID: 19068800 DOI: 10.1021/es801218m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study considers the importance of lake trout habitat as a factor determining persistent organochlorine (OC) concentration. Lake trout is a stenothermal, cold water species and sensitive to hypoxia. Thus, factors such as lake depth, thermal stratification, and phosphorus enrichment may determine not only which lakes can support lake trout but may also influence among-lake variability in lake trout population characteristics including bioaccumulation of OCs. A survey of 23 lakes spanning much of the natural latitudinal distribution of lake trout provided a range of lake trout habitat to test the hypothesis that lake trout with greater access to littoral habitat for feeding will have lower concentrations of OCs than lake trout that are more restricted to pelagic habitat. Using the delta13C stable isotope signature in lake trout as an indicator of influence of benthic littoral feeding, we found a negative correlation between lipid-corrected delta13C and sigmaPCB concentrations supporting the hypothesis that increasing accessto littoral habitat results in lower OCs in lake trout. The prominence of mixotrophic phytoplankton in lakes with more contaminated lake trout indicated the pelagic microbial food web may exacerbate the biomagnification of OCs when lake trout are restricted to pelagic feeding. A model that predicted sigmaPCB in lake trout based on lake area and latitude (used as proximate variables for proportion of littoral versus pelagic habitat and accessibility to littoral habitat respectively) explained 73% of the variability in sigmaPCBs in lake trout in the 23 lakes surveyed.
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Elliott EJ, Payne J, Morris A, Haan E, Bower C. Fetal alcohol syndrome: a prospective national surveillance study. Arch Dis Child 2008; 93:732-7. [PMID: 17704098 DOI: 10.1136/adc.2007.120220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology of cases of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) seen by Australian paediatricians. METHODS Active, national case-finding using the Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU). Monthly reporting of incident cases aged <15 years by paediatricians between January 2001 and December 2004. RESULTS Over 1150 paediatricians submitted reports each month to the APSU. Of 169 reported cases, 92 fulfilled the study criteria for FAS. There was a significant increase in the number of children reported each year from 2001 to 2004. Of 92 children, 53.3% were male, 35.7% were preterm (<37 weeks' gestation) and 64.6% were of low birth weight (<2.5 kg). Most (94.4%) had high risk exposure to alcohol in utero and 78.3% were exposed to one or more additional drugs. The median age at diagnosis was 3.3 years (range: newborn to 11.9 years): 6.5% were diagnosed at birth and 63% by 5 years of age. Of the 92 cases, 56% had growth deficiency, 53.2% had microcephaly, 85.9% had evidence of central nervous system dysfunction, 24% had additional birth defects, 5.4% had sensorineural deafness and 4.3% had visual impairment. Of children with FAS, 65% were Indigenous, 51% had a sibling with FAS, and only 40.2% lived with a biological parent. CONCLUSION Our data are the only prospective national data available on FAS throughout the world. These findings highlight the severity, complexity and impact of FAS, the need for effective strategies for prevention, and the necessity for education to facilitate earlier diagnosis, referral and reporting of cases.
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