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Blayney JK, Cairns L, Li G, McCabe N, Stevenson L, Peters CJ, Reid NB, Spence VJ, Chisambo C, McManus D, James J, McQuaid S, Craig S, Arthur K, McArt D, Ong CAJ, Lao-Sirieix P, Hamilton P, Salto-Tellez M, Eatock M, Coleman HG, Fitzgerald RC, Kennedy RD, Turkington RC. Glucose transporter 1 expression as a marker of prognosis in oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18518-18528. [PMID: 29719622 PMCID: PMC5915089 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current TNM staging system for oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) has limited ability to stratify patients and inform clinical management following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. RESULTS Functional genomic analysis of the gene expression data using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) identified GLUT1 as putative prognostic marker in OAC.In the discovery cohort GLUT1 positivity was observed in 114 patients (80.9%) and was associated with poor overall survival (HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.1-3.94; p=0.024) following multivariate analysis. A prognostic model incorporating GLUT1, CRM and nodal status stratified patients into good, intermediate and poor prognosis groups (p< 0.001) with a median overall survival of 16.6 months in the poorest group.In the validation set 182 patients (69.5%) were GLUT1 positive and the prognostic model separated patients treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery (p<0.001) and surgery alone (p<0.001) into three prognostic groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS Transcriptional profiling of 60 formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsies was performed. GLUT1 immunohistochemical staining was assessed in a discovery cohort of 141 FFPE OAC samples treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery at the Northern Ireland Cancer Centre from 2004-2012. Validation was performed in 262 oesophageal adenocarcinomas collected at four OCCAMS consortium centres. The relationship between GLUT1 staining, T stage, N stage, lymphovascular invasion and circumferential resection margin (CRM) status was assessed and a prognostic model developed using Cox Proportional Hazards. CONCLUSIONS GLUT1 staining combined with CRM and nodal status identifies a poor prognosis sub-group of OAC patients and is a novel prognostic marker following potentially curative surgical resection.
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Steele T, Narayanan RP, James M, James J, Mazey N, Wilding JPH. Evaluation of Aintree LOSS, a community-based, multidisciplinary weight management service: outcomes and predictors of engagement. Clin Obes 2017; 7:368-376. [PMID: 28871633 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aintree LOSS is a community-based, multidisciplinary weight management programme for patients with severe and complex obesity, focusing on a flexible and individualized service with follow-up for up to 2 years. We evaluated all 2472 patients referred to the service between October 2009 and 2013. Demographic data were recorded at baseline, with the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) used to measure socioeconomic deprivation. Weight was recorded at each visit. Mean body mass index at baseline was 45.6 (standard deviation 6.8), and 58.9% of patients lived in areas in the most deprived decile nationally. Of 2315 appropriate referrals, 1249 (55.1%) attended >2 visits; mean final weight loss was 3.50 ± 8.55 kg, and 24.1% achieved ≥5% weight loss. Of the patients, 754 (33.3%) attended for over 6 months; mean final weight loss was 4.94 ± 10 kg, and 34% achieved 5% weight loss. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed increasing age, residence in a less deprived area and sleep apnoea to be independently associated with attendance for >6 months, and there was a linear relationship between 6-month attendance and deprivation quintile. Year-on-year analyses showed improvement in engagement over time, coinciding with efforts to improve access to the service. This work shows a multidisciplinary, community-based weight loss programme prioritizing a fully flexible and individualized approach functioning effectively in real-world practice. Maintaining engagement remains a challenge in weight loss programmes, and our results suggest younger patients living in areas with greater deprivation should be a target for efforts to improve engagement.
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Bingham V, McIlreavey L, Greene C, O’Doherty E, Clarke R, Craig S, Salto-Tellez M, McQuaid S, Lewis C, James J. RNAscope in situ hybridization confirms mRNA integrity in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cancer tissue samples. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93392-93403. [PMID: 29212158 PMCID: PMC5706804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry remains the overwhelming technique of choice for test biomarker evaluation in both clinical or research settings when using formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections. However, validations can be complex with significant issues about specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility. The vast array of commercially available antibodies from many vendors may also lead to non-standard approaches which are difficult to cross-reference. In contrast mRNA detection, by in situ hybridization (ISH) with sequence specific probes, offers a realistic alternative, with less validation steps and more stringent and reproducible assessment criteria. In the present study mRNA ISH was evaluated in prospectively and retrospectively collected FFPE samples within a cancer biobank setting. Three positive control probes, POLR2A, PPIB and UBC were applied to FFPE sections from a range of tumour types in FFPE whole-face (prospective collection) or TMA (retrospective collection) formats and evaluated semi-quantitatively and by image analysis. Results indicate that mRNA can be robustly evaluated by ISH in prospectively and retrospectively collected tissue samples. Furthermore, for 2 important test biomarkers, PD-L1 and c-MET, we show that mRNA ISH is a technology that can be applied with confidence in the majority of tissue samples because there are quantifiable levels of control probes indicating overall mRNA integrity.
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Lim J, Fernandez AI, Hinojos SJ, Aranda GP, James J, Seong CS, Han KA. The mushroom body D1 dopamine receptor controls innate courtship drive. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 17:158-167. [PMID: 28902472 PMCID: PMC5820115 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mating is critical for species survival and is profoundly regulated by neuromodulators and neurohormones to accommodate internal states and external factors. To identify the underlying neuromodulatory mechanisms, we investigated the roles of dopamine receptors in various aspects of courtship behavior in Drosophila. Here, we report that the D1 dopamine receptor dDA1 regulates courtship drive in naïve males. The wild‐type naïve males actively courted females regardless their appearance or mating status. On the contrary, the dDA1 mutant (dumb) males exhibited substantially reduced courtship toward less appealing females including decapitated, leg‐less and mated females. The dumb male's reduced courtship activity was due to delay in courtship initiation and prolonged intervals between courtship bouts. The dampened courtship drive of dumb males was rescued by reinstated dDA1 expression in the mushroom body α/β and γ neurons but not α/β or γ neurons alone, which is distinct from the previously characterized dDA1 functions in experience‐dependent courtship or other learning and memory processes. We also found that the dopamine receptors dDA1, DAMB and dD2R are dispensable for associative memory formation and short‐term memory of conditioned courtship, thus courtship motivation and associative courtship learning and memory are regulated by distinct neuromodulatory mechanisms. Taken together, our study narrows the gap in the knowledge of the mechanism that dopamine regulates male courtship behavior.
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Wang XS, James J. What is Care Like for Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)? An Environmental Scan of Current Transition Care Models. Can J Diabetes 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.08.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jain S, Lyons C, Walker S, McQuaid S, Hynes S, Mitchell D, Pang B, Logan G, McCavigan A, O'Rourke D, Davidson C, Knight L, Berge V, Neal D, Pandha H, Harkin P, James J, Kennedy R, O'Sullivan J, Waugh D. A Metastatic Biology Gene Expression Assay to Predict the Risk of Distant Metastases in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Treated With Primary Radical Treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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James J, Cooke M, Kowalski A, Rodgers T. Scale-up of batch rotor-stator mixers. Part 2—Mixing and emulsification. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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James J, Cooke M, Trinh L, Hou R, Martin P, Kowalski A, Rodgers T. Scale-up of batch rotor–stator mixers. Part 1—power constants. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Parkes EE, Blayney JK, McCarron E, Douglas RV, Stevenson L, McManus D, McQuaid S, Arthur K, James J, Salto-Tellez M, Noble F, Underwood TJ, O'Neill R, Fitzgerald RC, Kennedy RD, Turkington RC. PD-L1 expression and response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in esophageal adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.4023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4023 Background: Programmed Death-1 Receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) downregulate T cell activation and suppress tumor killing. This study investigated the role of PD-L1 and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in response to neo-adjuvant therapy and prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Methods: Transcriptional profiling of 273 formalin fixed paraffin embedded pre-treatment endoscopic EAC biopsies was carried out using the Almac Diagnostics Xcel array and the expression levels of PD-L1 probesets corresponding to protein encoding extracted. Response was assessed by tumor regression grade (TRG; score ≤ 2 = response). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PD-L1 and CD8 was performed in matched resection specimens from 135 patients. All EAC patients were treated with cisplatin-based neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection between 2003 and 2014 at four UK centers as part of the OCCAMS consortium. Associations between expression, protein levels and TRG were assessed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney Unpaired, Spearman rank correlation or chi-squared tests. Survival analysis was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards regression. Results: High PD-L1 gene expression in the pre-chemotherapy biopsies was associated with pathological response (TRG ≤ 2; p = 0.02) following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. PD-L1 ( > 5%) was expressed in the tumor or stromal cells in 4% and 15% of resection specimens respectively. PD-L1 gene and IHC expression ( > 5%) were closely associated between the biopsies and both the tumor (p = 0.032) and stroma (p = 0.019) of the matched resection specimens. Patients with PD-L1 IHC positivity in tumor cells demonstrated improved relapse-free survival (HR 0.314; 95% CI 0.099-0.997; p = 0.049) and positive stromal PD-L1 IHC staining correlated with pathological response (p = 0.05). Biopsy gene expression of PD-L1 and CD8 was closely associated (p = 0.024) and the presence of CD8+ TILs in the microenvironment strongly correlated with tumor (p < 0.001) and stromal (p < 0.001) PD-L1 positivity. Conclusions: High PD-L1 expression in the pre-treatment biopsies in EAC is predictive of response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and may aid selection of conventional and immune-targeted agents.
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Turkington RC, Knight LA, Douglas RV, Blayney JK, Stevenson L, McManus D, McCavigan A, Walker SM, Bornschein J, MacRae S, Noble F, Underwood TJ, O'Neill R, McQuaid S, Arthur K, James J, Eatock MM, Harkin PD, Fitzgerald RC, Kennedy RD. Association of a DNA damage response deficiency (DDRD) assay with prognosis in resected esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4026 Background: Current strategies to guide the selection of neo-adjuvant or adjuvant therapy in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas (EAC/GAC) are inadequate. We assessed a clinically validated 44 gene DNA Damage Response Deficiency (DDRD) assay to predict prognosis following neo-adjuvant DNA damaging chemotherapy (CT) in EAC and adjuvant CT or chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) in GAC. Methods: Transcriptional profiling of 273 formalin fixed paraffin embedded pre-treatment endoscopic EAC biopsies was performed using the Almac Diagnostics Xcel array. All EAC patients were treated with cisplatin-based neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection between 2003 and 2014 at four UK centers in the OCCAMS consortium. Further validation was performed using a publically available dataset of 270 resected gastric cancers treated with adjuvant platinum-based CT, CRT or surgery alone at the Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea. The association between the DDRD score and prognosis was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox Proportional Hazards regression. Results: A total of 66 EAC samples (24%) were characterized as DDRD positive with the remaining 207 samples (76%) being DDRD negative. DDRD assay positivity was associated with improved DFS (HR 0.58; 95% CI 0.36-0.93; p = 0.024) and OS (HR 0.56; 95% CI 0.34-0.92; p = 0.023) following multivariate analysis. DDRD positive patients had a higher pathological response rate (p = 0.033) and a higher rate of loco-regional versus distant relapse (30% vs 20%; p = 0.013). For GAC, 132 samples (49%) were characterized as DDRD positive with the remaining 138 (51%) being DDRD negative. DDRD positivity was associated with improved DFS (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.25-0.96; p = 0.037) following D2 gastrectomy and adjuvant CT or CRT. DDRD status was not associated with DFS in the surgery alone cohort (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.55-1.38; p = 0.562). Conclusions: The DDRD assay is strongly predictive of benefit from DNA damaging neo-adjuvant CT and esophagectomy in EAC and gastrectomy and CT/CRT in GAC and can be applied to routine diagnostic material.
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James J, Gilby L, Pettit J. 82TRANSFORMING NUTRITION AND HYDRATION FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA IN HOSPITAL - THE NOSH PROJECT AT IMPERIAL COLLEGE HEALTHCARE NHS TRUST. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx055.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Jain S, Lyons C, Walker S, McQuaid S, Hynes S, Mitchell D, Pang B, Logan G, McCavigan A, O'Rourke D, Davidson C, Knight L, Sheriff A, Berge V, Neal D, Pandha H, Watson R, Mason M, Kay E, Harkin D, James J, Salto-Tellez M, Kennedy R, O'Sullivan J, Waugh D. OC-0126: A gene expression assay to predict the risk of distant metastases in localized prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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James J, Mrugała A, Oidtmann B, Petrusek A, Cable J. Apparent interspecific transmission of Aphanomyces astaci from invasive signal to virile crayfish in a sympatric wild population. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 145:68-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jain S, Lyons C, Walker SM, McQuaid S, Hynes S, Mitchell DM, Pang B, Logan GE, McCavigan A, O'Rourke D, Davidson CJ, Knight LA, Berge V, Neal D, Pandha HS, Harkin PD, James J, Kennedy RD, O'Sullivan JM, Waugh DJ. A metastatic biology gene expression assay to predict the risk of distant metastases in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with primary radical treatment. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.11.2017.1.test] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jain S, Lyons C, Walker SM, McQuaid S, Hynes S, Mitchell DM, Pang B, Logan GE, McCavigan A, O'Rourke D, Davidson CJ, Knight LA, Berge V, Neal D, Pandha HS, Harkin PD, James J, Kennedy RD, O'Sullivan JM, Waugh DJ. A metastatic biology gene expression assay to predict the risk of distant metastases in patients with localized prostate cancer treated with primary radical treatment. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
11 Background: Approximately 20% of patients with organ confined prostate cancer (PCa) will develop disease recurrence following radical treatment (surgery or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT)). We hypothesized that a molecular subgroup of early PCa may have metastatic potential at presentation, resulting in disease recurrence. Methods: Using unsupervised hierarchical clustering of gene expression from a PCa dataset we identified a novel molecular subgroup with a transcriptional profile similar to metastatic disease. We developed a 70 gene expression assay to prospectively identify patients within the subgroup from formalin fixed and paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE). Initial assessment found the assay to be prognostic in three independent publicly available prostatectomy datasets. We therefore assessed the prognostic value of the assay in FFPE clinical samples collected from multiple international sites. FFPE tumor resections and tumor biopsy specimens were obtained from 322 surgical patients and 248 patients treated with EBRT. Regions of highest Gleason grade were identified for macrodissection, RNA extraction and gene expression analysis. Samples were dichotomized as metastatic biology assay positive or negative using a pre-specified cut-off. The association of assay results with biochemical failure (BF) and distant metastases (DM) was tested on multivariate (MVA). Results: The assay was significantly associated with BF on MVA (HR 1.67 [1.16-2.38]; p = 0.0059), (HR 2.26 [1.26-4.04]; p = 0.0062) and DM on MVA (HR 3.39 [1.88-6.12]; p = 0.0001), (HR 3.26 [1.27-8.30]; p = 0.0137) for surgery and EBRT cohorts respectively. Importantly, in a combined model, the assay demonstrated additional information to the commonly used CAPRA clinical tool for prediction of DM, HR 2.72 [2.10-3.51]; p < 0.0001, and HR 2.72 [1.42-5.20]; p = 0.0026 (Prostate Metastatic Assay combined with CAPRA-S and CAPRA respectively). Conclusions: The metastatic biology assay predicts BF and DM in PCa patients treated with surgery or EBRT. The assay may help to select patients at risk of metastatic disease for additional treatment aimed at preventing disease recurrence.
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Jeckel S, Wood A, Grant K, Amar C, King SA, Whatmore AM, Koylass M, Anjum M, James J, Welchman DDB. Outbreak of encephalitic listeriosis in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa). Avian Pathol 2016; 44:269-77. [PMID: 25921827 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2015.1042427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An outbreak of neurological disease was investigated in red-legged partridges between 8 and 28 days of age. Clinical signs included torticollis, head tilt and incoordination and over an initial eight day period approximately 30-40 fatalities occurred per day. No significant gross post mortem findings were detected. Histopathological examination of the brain and bacterial cultures followed by partial sequencing confirmed a diagnosis of encephalitis due to Listeria monocytogenes. Further isolates were obtained from follow-up carcasses, environmental samples and pooled tissue samples of newly imported day-old chicks prior to placement on farm. These isolates had the same antibiotic resistance pattern as the isolate of the initial post mortem submission and belonged to the same fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (fAFLP) subtype. This suggested that the isolates were very closely related or identical and that the pathogen had entered the farm with the imported day-old chicks, resulting in disease manifestation in partridges between 8 and 28 days of age. Reports of outbreaks of encephalitic listeriosis in avian species are rare and this is to the best of our knowledge the first reported outbreak in red-legged partridges.
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Memmott MJ, James J, Armstrong IS, Tout D, Ahmed F. The performance of quantitation methods in the evaluation of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection: A technical review. J Nucl Cardiol 2016; 23:1457-1466. [PMID: 26403147 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-015-0106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative assessment of [18F]-FDG PET/CT images has been shown to be useful in the diagnosis of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of various quantitative methods, using the same patient cohort and to assess the utility of dual time point imaging. METHODS The study comprised a retrospective review of 80 [18F]-FDG PET/CT studies. Of these, 41 were oncological patients with an asymptomatic CIED in situ (Group 1), and 39 were studies performed in patients with symptomatic devices. Of these, 14 were subsequently deemed on follow-up to be non-infected (Group 2), and 25 confirmed as infected post-device extraction (Group 3). Ratios of maximal uptake around the CIED in both the attenuation corrected and non-attenuation corrected images were calculated to regions of normal physiological uptake, along with the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) alone. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for all methods at both time points. Measurement reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Using Group 1 as a reference, all methods gave an area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.93. Using Group 2 as reference, the accuracy varied greatly, with AUC values ranging from 0.71 to 0.97. The hepatic blood pool (HBP) ratio gave the highest AUC values. The calculated ICC values for each method showed the SUVmax and HBP measurement to have the greatest reliability, with values of 1.0 and 0.97, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Quantitation of [18F] FDG uptake was found to have a high degree of accuracy in confirming the diagnosis of CIED infection. Normalization to HBP uptake was found to give the greatest AUC and demonstrated excellent reliability. Inconsistencies from published data indicate that individual imaging centers should only use published data for guidance.
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James J, Thulaseedharan NK. Recurrent transient ischemic attack as the initial manifestation of Takayasu arteritis. QJM 2016; 109:763. [PMID: 27261484 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Philippsen T, Orini M, Martin C, Volkova E, Ormerod J, Sohaib S, Elamin N, Blake S, Sawhney V, Ahmad S, Waring O, Bowers R, Raiman L, Hazelwood T, Mills R, Corrado C, Honarbakhsh S, Von Maydell A, Norrish G, Chubb H, Chubb H, Chubb H, Toledano M, Ruiz A, van Zalen J, Foley P, Pearman C, Rehal O, Foley P, Wong L, Foley P, Pearman C, Brahmbhatt D, Khan H, Wardley J, Akbar S, Christensen L, Hansen M, Brandes A, Tinker A, Munroe P, Lambiase P, Honarbakhsh S, McLean A, Lambiase P, Schilling R, Lane J, Chow A, Earley M, Hunter R, Khan F, Lambiase P, Schilling R, Sporton S, Dhinoja M, Camm C, Xavier R, de Sousa M, Betts T, Shun-Shin M, Wright I, Lim E, Lim P, Koawing M, Lefroy D, Linton N, Davies D, Peters N, Kanagaratnam P, Francis D, Whinnett Z, Khan M, Bowes R, Sahu J, Sheridan P, Rogers D, Kyriacou A, Kelland N, Lewis N, Lee J, Segall E, Diab I, Breitenstein A, Ullah W, Sporton S, Earley M, Finlay M, Dhinoja M, Schilling R, Hunter R, Ahmed M, Petkar S, Davidson N, Stout M, Pearce KP, Leo M, Ginks M, Rajappan K, Bashir Y, Balasubramaniam R, Sopher S, Betts T, Paisey J, Cheong J, Roy D, Adhya S, Williams S, O'Neill M, Niederer S, Providencia R, Srinivasan N, Ahsan S, Lowe M, Segal O, Hunter R, Finlay M, Earley M, Schilling R, Lambiase P, Stella S, Cantwell C, Chowdhury R, Kim S, Linton N, Whinnett Z, Koa-Wing M, Lefroy D, Davies DW, Kanagaratnam P, Lim PB, Qureshi N, Peters N, Cantarutti N, Limongelli G, Elliott P, Kaski J, Williams S, Lal K, Harrison J, Whitaker J, Kiedrowicz R, Wright M, O'Neill M, Harrison J, Whitaker J, Williams S, Wright M, Schaeffter T, Razavi R, O'Neill M, Karim R, Williams S, Harrison J, Whitaker J, Wright M, Schaeffter T, Razavi R, O'Neill M, Montanes M, Ella Field E, Walsh H, Callaghan N, Till J, Mangat J, Lowe M, Kaski J, Ruiz Duthil A, Li A, Saba M, Patel N, Beale L, Brickley G, Lloyd G, French A, Khavandi A, McCrea W, Barnes E, Chandrasekaran B, Parry J, Garth L, Chapman J, Todd D, Hobbs J, Modi S, Waktare J, Hall M, Gupta D, Snowdon R, Papageorgiou N, Providência R, Falconer D, Sewart E, Ahsan S, Segal O, Ezzat V, Rowland E, Lowe M, Lambiase P, Chow A, Swift M, Charlton P, James J, Colling A, Barnes E, Starling L, Kontogeorgis A, Roses-Noguer F, Wong T, Jarman J, Clague J, Till J, Colling A, James J, Hawkins M, Burnell S, Chandrasekaran B, Coulson J, Smith L, Choudhury M, Oguguo E, Boyett M, Morris G, Flinn W, Chari A, Belham M, Pugh P, Somarakis K, Parasa R, Allata A, Hashim H, Mathew T, Kayasundar S, Venables P, Quinn J, Ivanova J, Brown S, Oliver R, Lyons M, Chuen M, Walsh J, Robinson T, Staniforth A, Ahsan A, Jamil-Copley S. POSTERS (2)96CONTINUOUS VERSUS INTERMITTENT MONITORING FOR DETECTION OF SUBCLINICAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS97HIGH DAY-TO-DAY INTRA-INDIVIDUAL REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE HEART RATE RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN THE UK BIOBANK DATA98USE OF NOVEL GLOBAL ULTRASOUND IMAGING AND CONTINUEOUS DIPOLE DENSITY MAPPING TO GUIDE ABLATION IN MACRO-REENTRANT TACHYCARDIAS99ANTICOAGULATION AND THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING VT AND PVC ABLATION100NON-SUSTAINED VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA FREQUENTLY PRECEDES CARDIAC ARREST IN PATIENTS WITH BRUGADA SYNDROME101USING HIGH PRECISION HAEMODYNAMIC MEASUREMENTS TO ASSESS DIFFERENCES IN AV OPTIMUM BETWEEN DIFFERENT LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITIONS IN BIVENTRICULAR PACING102CAN WE PREDICT MEDIUM TERM MORTALITY FROM TRANSVENOUS LEAD EXTRACTION PRE-OPERATIVELY?103PREVENTION OF UNECESSARY ADMISSIONS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION104EPICARDIAL CATHETER ABLATION FOR VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ON UNINTERRUPTED WARFARIN: A SAFE APPROACH?105HOW WELL DOES THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CLINICAL EXCELLENCE (NICE) GUIDENCE ON TRANSIENT LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS (T-LoC) WORK IN A REAL WORLD? AN AUDIT OF THE SECOND STAGE SPECIALIST CARDIOVASCULAT ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS106DETECTION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN COMMUNITY LOCATIONS USING NOVEL TECHNOLOGY'S AS A METHOD OF STROKE PREVENTION IN THE OVER 65'S ASYMPTOMATIC POPULATION - SHOULD IT BECOME STANDARD PRACTISE?107HIGH-DOSE ISOPRENALINE INFUSION AS A METHOD OF INDUCTION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A MULTI-CENTRE, PLACEBO CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL IN PATIENTS WITH VARYING ARRHYTHMIC RISK108PACEMAKER COMPLICATIONS IN A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL109CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY: A TRADE-OFF BETWEEN LEFT VENTRICULAR VOLTAGE OUTPUT AND EJECTION FRACTION?110RAPID DETERIORATION IN LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION AND ACUTE HEART FAILURE AFTER DUAL CHAMBER PACEMAKER INSERTION WITH RESOLUTION FOLLOWING BIVENTRICULAR PACING111LOCALLY PERSONALISED ATRIAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY MODELS FROM PENTARAY CATHETER MEASUREMENTS112EVALUATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS ICD VERSUS TRANSVENOUS ICD- A PROPENSITY MATCHED COST-EFFICACY ANALYSIS OF COMPLICATIONS & OUTCOMES113LOCALISING DRIVERS USING ORGANISATIONAL INDEX IN CONTACT MAPPING OF HUMAN PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION114RISK FACTORS FOR SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH IN PAEDIATRIC HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS115EFFECT OF CATHETER STABILITY AND CONTACT FORCE ON VISITAG DENSITY DURING PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION116HEPATIC CAPSULE ENHANCEMENT IS COMMONLY SEEN DURING MR-GUIDED ABLATION OF ATRIAL FLUTTER: A MECHANISTIC INSIGHT INTO PROCEDURAL PAIN117DOES HIGHER CONTACT FORCE IMPAIR LESION FORMATION AT THE CAVOTRICUSPID ISTHMUS? INSIGHTS FROM MR-GUIDED ABLATION OF ATRIAL FLUTTER118CLINICAL CHARACTERISATION OF A MALIGNANT SCN5A MUTATION IN CHILDHOOD119RADIOFREQUENCY ASSOCIATED VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION120CONTRACTILE RESERVE EXPRESSED AS SYSTOLIC VELOCITY DOES NOT PREDICT RESPONSE TO CRT121DAY-CASE DEVICES - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY USING PATIENT CODING DATA122PATIENTS UNDERGOING SVT ABLATION HAVE A HIGH INCIDENCE OF SECONDARY ARRHYTHMIA ON FOLLOW UP: IMPLICATIONS FOR PRE-PROCEDURE COUNSELLING123PROGNOSTIC ROLE OF HAEMOGLOBINN AND RED BLOOD CELL DITRIBUTION WIDTH IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE UNDERGOING CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY124REMOTE MONITORING AND FOLLOW UP DEVICES125A 20-YEAR, SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE OF IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATORS (ICD) IN CHILDREN: TIME TO CONSIDER THE SUBCUTANEOUS ICD?126EXPERIENCE OF MAGNETIC REASONANCE IMAGING (MEI) IN PATIENTS WITH MRI CONDITIONAL DEVICES127THE SINUS BRADYCARDIA SEEN IN ATHLETES IS NOT CAUSED BY ENHANCED VAGAL TONE BUT INSTEAD REFLECTS INTRINSIC CHANGES IN THE SINUS NODE REVEALED BY
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(F) BLOCKADE128SUCCESSFUL DAY-CASE PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION - AN EIGHT YEAR SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE129LEFT VENTRICULAR INDEX MASS ASSOCIATED WITH ESC HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY RISK SCORE IN PATIENTS WITH ICDs: A TERTIARY CENTRE HCM REGISTRY130A DGH EXPERIENCE OF DAY-CASE CARDIAC PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION131IS PRE-PROCEDURAL FASTING A NECESSITY FOR SAFE PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION? Europace 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euw274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chakravorty S, Tallett A, Sathyamoorthy G, James J. ISQUA16-1920USING A NEW PATIENT FEEDBACK SURVEY TO EXPLORE EXPERIENCES OF LIVING WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE IN THE UK. Int J Qual Health Care 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzw104.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rajaleelan W, James J, Kunder S. Abstract PR553. Anesth Analg 2016. [DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000492935.71796.f5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Umoren R, Gossett E, Comaroski E, Rybas N, Johnson M, James J. From global to local: Virtual environments for global-public health
education. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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James J, Pak-Gorstein S, Umoren R. Old partners – who were they? Examining the factors that sustain global
health partnerships. Ann Glob Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Hitchen S, James J, Thachil J. Ventilation perfusion scan or computed tomography pulmonary angiography for the detection of pulmonary embolism? Eur J Intern Med 2016; 32:e26-7. [PMID: 26796873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lawler M, Gavin A, Salto‐Tellez M, Kennedy RD, Van Schaeybroeck S, Wilson RH, Harkin DP, Grayson M, Boyd RE, Hamilton PW, McArt DG, James J, Robson T, Ladner RD, Prise KM, O'Sullivan JM, Harrison T, Murray L, Johnston PG, Waugh DJ. Delivering a research-enabled multistakeholder partnership for enhanced patient care at a population level: The Northern Ireland Comprehensive Cancer Program. Cancer 2016; 122:664-73. [PMID: 26695702 PMCID: PMC4864440 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last 20 years have seen significant advances in cancer care in Northern Ireland, leading to measureable improvements in patient outcomes. Crucial to this transformation has been an ethos that recognizes the primacy role of research in effecting heath care change. The authors' model of a cross‐sectoral partnership that unites patients, scientists, health care professionals, hospital trusts, bioindustry, and government agencies can be truly transformative, empowering tripartite clinical‐academic‐industry efforts that have already yielded significant benefit and will continue to inform strategy and its implementation going forward.
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James J, Davidson KE, Richardson G, Grimstead C, Cable J. Reduced aggression and foraging efficiency of invasive signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) infested with non-native branchiobdellidans (Annelida: Clitellata). Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:596. [PMID: 26577082 PMCID: PMC4650921 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-1199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological invasions are a principal threat to global biodiversity and identifying the determinants of non-native species' success is a conservation priority. Through their ability to regulate host populations, parasites are increasingly considered as important in determining the outcome of species' invasions. Here, we present novel evidence that the common crayfish ecto-symbiont, Xironogiton victoriensis (Annelida: Clitellata) can affect the behaviour of a widespread and ecologically important invader, the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus). METHODS To assess the signal crayfish-X. victoriensis relationship naïve crayfish were infested with an intensity of worms typically observed under natural conditions. Over a 10-week period the growth rate and survivorship of these animals was monitored and compared to those of uninfested counterparts. Complementary dyadic competition and foraging experiments were run to assess the behaviour of infested compared to uninfested animals. These data were analysed using General Linear Models and Generalized Linear Mixed Models. RESULTS Whilst X. victoriensis did not affect the growth rate or survivorship of signal crayfish under laboratory conditions, infested animals were significantly less aggressive and poorer foragers than uninfested individuals. CONCLUSIONS Through reducing aggression and foraging efficiency, infestation with X. victoriensis may disrupt the social structure, and potentially growth rate and/or dispersal of afflicted crayfish populations, with potential effects on their invasion dynamics. This is important given the widespread invasive range of crayfish and their functional roles as ecosystem engineers and keystone species.
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Lewis C, O’Donnell A, McQuaid S, James J. Contribution of biobanks to care services. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7748/cnp.14.9.21.s19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bingham V, Ong CW, James J, Maxwell P, Waugh D, Salto-Tellez M, McQuaid S. PTEN mRNA detection by chromogenic, RNA in situ technologies: a reliable alternative to PTEN immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol 2015; 47:95-103. [PMID: 26518664 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Immunohistochemical staining for phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) does not have either an acceptable standard protocol or concordance of scoring between pathologists. Evaluation of PTEN mRNA with a unique and verified sequence probe may offer a realistic alternative providing a robust and reproducible protocol. In this study, we have evaluated an in situ hybridization (ISH) protocol for PTEN mRNA using RNAScope technology and compared it with a standard protocol for PTEN immunohistochemistry (IHC). PTEN mRNA expression by ISH was consistently more sensitive than PTEN IHC, with 56% of samples on a mixed-tumor tissue microarray (TMA) showing high expression by ISH compared with 42% by IHC. On a prostate TMA, 49% of cases showed high expression by ISH compared with 43% by IHC. Variations in PTEN mRNA expression within malignant epithelium were quantifiable using image analysis on the prostate TMAs. Within tumors, clear overexpression of PTEN mRNA on malignant epithelium compared with benign epithelium was frequently observed and quantified. The use of SpotStudio software in the mixed-tumor TMA allowed for clear demonstration of varying levels of PTEN mRNA between tumor samples by the mRNA methodology. This was evident by the quantifiable differences between distinct oropharyngeal tumors (up to 3-fold increase in average number of spots per cell between 2 cases). mRNA detection of PTEN or other biomarkers, for which optimal or standardized immunohistochemical techniques are not available, represents a means by which heterogeneity of expression within focal regions of tumor can be explored with more confidence.
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James J, Cetnar A, Nguyen V, Wang B. MO-F-CAMPUS-J-02: Commissioning of Radiofrequency Tracking for Gated SBRT of the Liver Using Novel Motion System. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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James J, Boltz T, Pavlicek W. TU-CD-207-04: Radiation Exposure Comparisons of CESM with 2D FFDM and 3D Tomosynthesis Mammography. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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84
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Panda A, James J, Chavez D, Silva A. TH-CD-207-05: Combined Effects of Gadolinium Contrast and Inversion Recovery Pulse On Quantitative ADC Measurements in the Liver. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wilson D, James J, Wang B, Dunlap N, Woo S, Silverman C, Dragun A, El-Ghamry M. SU-E-T-96: An Analysis of VMAT SBRT Lung Treatment Plans. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nguyen V, Ellerbusch D, James J, Wang B. SU-E-J-196: Implementation of An In-House Visual Feedback System for Motion Management During Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Hu Y, James J, Panda A, Vargas C, Silva A, Liu W, Shen J, Ding X, Paden R, Hanson J, Wong W, Schild S, Bues M. SU-E-J-229: Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Small Fiducial Markers for Proton Beam Therapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Raj P, Li Q, Karp D, Olsen N, Sivils K, Dozmorov I, Song R, James J, Kelly J, Lauwerys B, Gregersen P, Wakeland E. Genetic risk alleles associated with serologic autoimmunity in normal individuals (BA3P.113). THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.46.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We screened 2628 normal individuals for antibodies binding to the mix of antigens in a human nuclear extract and identified 579 (26.05%) individuals with significant levels of IgG antibodies to self-antigens. Next, we analyzed 639 representative sera from ANA-, ANA+, ILE and SLEs on an autoantigen proteomic array, which identified 33 antigens strongly recognized by IgG autoantibodies in ANA+ group as compared to ANA- normals. Of these 33, 19 antigens were non-nuclear or cytoplasmic proteins and 14 were nuclear proteins, including known SLE associated antigens such as dsDNA and Histones. Antigen cluster analysis showed that DNA and RNA clusters are more frequent in SLE and ILE group, while matrix proteins and antiphospholipid antibodies clusters are more frequent in ANA+ normals. Next, all the individuals were genotyped with immunochip and subset by target sequencing. Quantitative genetic association test identified SNPs associated with ANA and auto-antigens. The strongest association signal was observed at HLA, where SNP rs3117103 near BTNL2, rs9268832 near HLA-DRA and rs2395252 in HLA-DQA2 gene showed strongest (10-7) association. Other signals were in/near BANK1, PTTG1 and CR1L genes. RNA sequencing analysis identified ANA risk alleles associated with up regulation of HLA-DRB1 in monocytes and BANK1 in B cells. Our data suggest that functional variations in or near HLA DRB1 and BANK1 gene may be associated with development of humoral autoimmunity in general population.
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James J, Lin J. Women's considerations in disaster risk reduction trainings. Ann Glob Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2015.02.586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ramsay R, Byrd L, Tower C, James J, Prescott M, Thachil J. The problem of pulmonary embolism diagnosis in pregnancy. Br J Haematol 2015; 170:727-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Skeoch S, Williams H, Cristinacce P, Hockings P, James J, Alexander Y, Waterton J, Bruce I. Evaluation of carotid plaque inflammation in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT and MRI: a pilot study. Lancet 2015; 385 Suppl 1:S91. [PMID: 26312914 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a 50% increased risk in cardiovascular mortality. Inflammation is thought to accelerate atherosclerosis and might also lead to an inflammatory rupture-prone plaque phenotype. We tested the hypothesis that patients with active rheumatoid arthritis also have carotid plaque inflammation and that plaque inflammation correlates with clinical and serological markers of inflammation. METHODS Patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, defined as the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) score of more than 3·2, were recruited to a single centre study in the UK. Patients with carotid plaque on ultrasound underwent carotid MRI followed by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) PET-CT. Scans were co-registered and analysed by a physicist, masked to clinical information. The maximum standardised uptake values (SUV(max)) were measured in the plaque area. The association of SUV with DAS28, C-reactive protein, and CD4+CD28- T-cell frequency was tested with non-parametric statistics. Ethics approval and informed consent were obtained. FINDINGS Scans were done in 13 patients, nine of whom were women. Median age was 60 years (IQR 57-65), disease duration was 11 years (6-25), and DAS28 score was 4·52 (4·32-5·13). None had a history or symptoms of clinical cardiovascular disease or took statins. All plaques caused less than 70% stenosis, and tracer uptake in plaque was seen on PET in all 13 patients. Median SUV(max) was 2·18 (IQR 2·00-2·65), and all cases had an SUV(max) greater than 1·6 (the threshold for defining carotid plaque inflammation). There was a significant association with SUV(max) and C-reactive protein (r=0·58, p=0·04) and quartiles of CD4+CD28- T-cell frequency (p=0·045), but not with low-density lipoprotein concentrations (r=-0·49, p=0·09) or DAS28 score (r=0·38, p=0·20). No association was found with age (r=0·13, p=0·69) or sex (p=0·64). INTERPRETATION In this small pilot study, plaque inflammation was seen in all patients and correlated with C-reactive protein. Whether this finding represents simultaneous joint and plaque inflammation, which might improve on treatment of joint disease, remains to be determined. CD4+CD28- T-cells are known to predict cardiovascular events in patients with angina. Their association with plaque inflammation in this study suggests a possible role in cardiovascular risk prediction in rheumatoid arthritis. Larger studies are warranted to investigate these findings further. FUNDING North West England MRC Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Clinical Research Fellowship, National Institute for Health Research, AstraZeneca-University of Manchester Strategic Alliance Fund.
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James J. Diabetes specialist nursing in the UK: the judgement call? A review of existing literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/edn.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ahmed FZ, James J, Cunnington C, Motwani M, Fullwood C, Hooper J, Burns P, Qamruddin A, Al-Bahrani G, Armstrong I, Tout D, Clarke B, Sandoe JAT, Arumugam P, Mamas MA, Zaidi AM. Early diagnosis of cardiac implantable electronic device generator pocket infection using ¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 16:521-30. [PMID: 25651856 PMCID: PMC4407104 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeu295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To examine the utility of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in the early diagnosis of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) generator pocket infection. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 86 patients with CIEDs were evaluated with (18)F-FDG PET/CT imaging: 46 with suspected generator pocket infection and 40 without any history of infection. (18)F-FDG activity in the region of the generator pocket was expressed as a semi-quantitative ratio (SQR)-defined as the maximum count rate around the CIED divided by the mean count rate between normal right and left lung parenchyma. All patients underwent standard clinical management, independent of the PET/CT result. Patients with suspected generator pocket infection that required CIED extraction (n = 32) had significantly higher (18)F-FDG activity compared with those that did not (n = 14), and compared with controls (n = 40) [SQR: 4.80 (3.18-7.05) vs. 1.40 (0.88-1.73) vs. 1.10 (0.98-1.40), respectively; P < 0.001]. On receiver operator characteristic analysis, SQR had a high diagnostic accuracy (area under curve = 0.98) for the early identification of patients with confirmed infection (i.e. those ultimately needing extraction)-with an optimal SQR cut-off value of >2.0 (sensitivity = 97%; specificity = 98%). CONCLUSION This study highlights the potential benefits of evaluating patients with suspected CIED generator pocket infection using (18)F-FDG PET/CT. In this study, (18)F-FDG PET/CT had a high diagnostic accuracy in the early diagnosis of CIED generator pocket infection, even where initial clinical signs were underwhelming.
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Ahmed FZ, James J, Tout D, Arumugam P, Mamas M, Zaidi AM. Metal artefact reduction algorithms prevent false positive results when assessing patients for cardiac implantable electronic device infection. J Nucl Cardiol 2015; 22:219-20. [PMID: 25112539 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-014-9955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Software-based metal artefact reduction (MAR) techniques are available to reduce artefacts from cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) in the CT data. The impact of disabling MAR techniques on quantification of 18F-FDG uptake around the CIED has not been examined. We consider the importance of enabling MAR in patients with suspected CIED infection to prevent inaccuracies in quantification of tissue tracer uptake on the attenuation-corrected PET images.
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Kumar V, Sharma S, James J, Hodgkinson JP, Hemmady MV. Total hip replacement through a posterior approach using a 22 mm diameter femoral head : the role of the transverse acetabular ligament and capsular repair in reducing the rate of dislocation. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:1202-6. [PMID: 25183591 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b9.31831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Despite a lack of long-term follow-up, there is an increasing trend towards using femoral heads of large diameter in total hip replacement (THR), partly because of the perceived advantage of lower rates of dislocation. However, increasing the size of the femoral head is not the only way to reduce the rate of dislocation; optimal alignment of the components and repair of the posterior capsule could achieve a similar effect. In this prospective study of 512 cemented unilateral THRs (Male:Female 230:282) performed between 2004 and 2011, we aimed to determine the rate of dislocation in patients who received a 22 mm head on a 9/10 Morse taper through a posterior approach with capsular repair and using the transverse acetabular ligament (TAL) as a guide for the alignment of the acetabular component. The mean age of the patients at operation was 67 years (35 to 89). The mean follow-up was 2.8 years (0.5 to 6.6). Pre- and post-operative assessment included Oxford hip, Short Form-12 and modified University of California Los Angeles and Merle D'Aubigne scores. The angles of inclination and anteversion of the acetabular components were measured using radiological software. There were four dislocations (0.78%), all of which were anterior. In conclusion, THR with a 22 mm diameter head performed through a posterior approach with capsular repair and using the TAL as a guide for the alignment of the acetabular component was associated with a low rate of dislocation.
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96
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Leong KJ, Beggs A, James J, Morton DG, Matthews GM, Bach SP. Biomarker-based treatment selection in early-stage rectal cancer to promote organ preservation. Br J Surg 2014; 101:1299-309. [PMID: 25052224 PMCID: PMC4282074 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Total mesorectal excision (TME) remains commonplace for T1–2 rectal cancer owing to fear of undertreating a small proportion of patients with node-positive disease. Molecular stratification may predict cancer progression. It could be used to select patients for organ-preserving surgery if specific biomarkers were validated. Methods Gene methylation was quantified using bisulphite pyrosequencing in 133 unirradiated rectal cancer TME specimens. KRAS mutation and microsatellite instability status were also defined. Molecular parameters were correlated with histopathological indices of disease progression. Predictive models for nodal metastasis, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and distant metastasis were constructed using a multilevel reverse logistic regression model. Results Methylation of the retinoic acid receptor β gene, RARB, and that of the checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger gene, CHFR, was associated with tumour stage (RARB: 51·9 per cent for T1–2 versus 33·9 per cent for T3–4, P < 0·001; CHFR: 5·5 per cent for T1–2 versus 12·6 per cent for T3–4, P = 0·005). Gene methylation associated with nodal metastasis included RARB (47·1 per cent for N− versus 31·7 per cent for N+; P = 0·008), chemokine ligand 12, CXCL12 (12·3 per cent for N− versus 8·9 per cent for N+; P = 0·021), and death-associated protein kinase 1, DAPK1 (19·3 per cent for N− versus 12·3 per cent for N+; P = 0·022). RARB methylation was also associated with LVI (45·1 per cent for LVI− versus 31·7 per cent for LVI+; P = 0·038). Predictive models for nodal metastasis and LVI achieved sensitivities of 91·1 and 85·0 per cent, and specificities of 55·3 and 45·3 per cent, respectively. Conclusion This methylation biomarker panel provides a step towards accurate discrimination of indolent and aggressive rectal cancer subtypes. This could offer an improvement over the current standard of care, whereby fit patients are offered radical surgery. May assist selection for organ preservation
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Hamilton PW, Bankhead P, Wang Y, Hutchinson R, Kieran D, McArt DG, James J, Salto-Tellez M. Digital pathology and image analysis in tissue biomarker research. Methods 2014; 70:59-73. [PMID: 25034370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital pathology and the adoption of image analysis have grown rapidly in the last few years. This is largely due to the implementation of whole slide scanning, advances in software and computer processing capacity and the increasing importance of tissue-based research for biomarker discovery and stratified medicine. This review sets out the key application areas for digital pathology and image analysis, with a particular focus on research and biomarker discovery. A variety of image analysis applications are reviewed including nuclear morphometry and tissue architecture analysis, but with emphasis on immunohistochemistry and fluorescence analysis of tissue biomarkers. Digital pathology and image analysis have important roles across the drug/companion diagnostic development pipeline including biobanking, molecular pathology, tissue microarray analysis, molecular profiling of tissue and these important developments are reviewed. Underpinning all of these important developments is the need for high quality tissue samples and the impact of pre-analytical variables on tissue research is discussed. This requirement is combined with practical advice on setting up and running a digital pathology laboratory. Finally, we discuss the need to integrate digital image analysis data with epidemiological, clinical and genomic data in order to fully understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype and to drive discovery and the delivery of personalized medicine.
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Grubman A, James SA, James J, Duncan C, Volitakis I, Hickey JL, Crouch PJ, Donnelly PS, Kanninen KM, Liddell JR, Cotman SL, de Jonge, White AR. X-ray fluorescence imaging reveals subcellular biometal disturbances in a childhood neurodegenerative disorder. Chem Sci 2014; 5:2503-2516. [PMID: 24976945 PMCID: PMC4070600 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc00316k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biometals such as zinc, iron, copper and calcium play key roles in diverse physiological processes in the brain, but can be toxic in excess. A hallmark of neurodegeneration is a failure of homeostatic mechanisms controlling the concentration and distribution of these elements, resulting in overload, deficiency or mislocalization. A major roadblock to understanding the impact of altered biometal homeostasis in neurodegenerative disease is the lack of rapid, specific and sensitive techniques capable of providing quantitative subcellular information on biometal homeostasis in situ. Recent advances in X-ray fluorescence detectors have provided an opportunity to rapidly measure biometal content at subcellular resolution in cell populations using X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy (XFM). We applied this approach to investigate subcellular biometal homeostasis in a cerebellar cell line isolated from a natural mouse model of a childhood neurodegenerative disorder, the CLN6 form of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, commonly known as Batten disease. Despite no global changes to whole cell concentrations of zinc or calcium, XFM revealed significant subcellular mislocalization of these important biological second messengers in cerebellar Cln6nclf (CbCln6nclf ) cells. XFM revealed that nuclear-to-cytoplasmic trafficking of zinc was severely perturbed in diseased cells and the subcellular distribution of calcium was drastically altered in CbCln6nclf cells. Subtle differences in the zinc K-edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectra of control and CbCln6nclf cells suggested that impaired zinc homeostasis may be associated with an altered ligand set in CbCln6nclf cells. Importantly, a zinc-complex, ZnII(atsm), restored the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic zinc ratios in CbCln6nclf cells via nuclear zinc delivery, and restored the relationship between subcellular zinc and calcium levels to that observed in healthy control cells. ZnII(atsm) treatment also resulted in a reduction in the number of calcium-rich puncta observed in CbCln6nclf cells. This study highlights the complementarities of bulk and single cell analysis of metal content for understanding disease states. We demonstrate the utility and broad applicability of XFM for subcellular analysis of perturbed biometal metabolism and mechanism of action studies for novel therapeutics to target neurodegeneration.
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Sarkar V, Wang B, Zhao H, Lynch B, James J, McCullough K, Rassiah-Szegedi P, Huang Y, Szegedi M, Huang L, Salter B. TH-C-19A-08: PDD Discrepancies at Opposite Biases From Very Small Volume Ion Chambers When Using Water Scanners. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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James J, Place V, Edmonson H, Felmlee J, Pooley R, Panda A. SU-D-18C-06: Initial Experience with Implementing MRI Safety Guidelines for Patients with Pacemakers - Medical Physicist Perspective. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4887914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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