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Voight BF, Scott LJ, Steinthorsdottir V, Morris AP, Dina C, Welch RP, Zeggini E, Huth C, Aulchenko YS, Thorleifsson G, McCulloch LJ, Ferreira T, Grallert H, Amin N, Wu G, Willer CJ, Raychaudhuri S, McCarroll SA, Langenberg C, Hofmann OM, Dupuis J, Qi L, Segrè AV, van Hoek M, Navarro P, Ardlie K, Balkau B, Benediktsson R, Bennett AJ, Blagieva R, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Boström KB, Bravenboer B, Bumpstead S, Burtt NP, Charpentier G, Chines PS, Cornelis M, Couper DJ, Crawford G, Doney ASF, Elliott KS, Elliott AL, Erdos MR, Fox CS, Franklin CS, Ganser M, Gieger C, Grarup N, Green T, Griffin S, Groves CJ, Guiducci C, Hadjadj S, Hassanali N, Herder C, Isomaa B, Jackson AU, Johnson PRV, Jørgensen T, Kao WHL, Klopp N, Kong A, Kraft P, Kuusisto J, Lauritzen T, Li M, Lieverse A, Lindgren CM, Lyssenko V, Marre M, Meitinger T, Midthjell K, Morken MA, Narisu N, Nilsson P, Owen KR, Payne F, Perry JRB, Petersen AK, Platou C, Proença C, Prokopenko I, Rathmann W, Rayner NW, Robertson NR, Rocheleau G, Roden M, Sampson MJ, Saxena R, Shields BM, Shrader P, Sigurdsson G, Sparsø T, Strassburger K, Stringham HM, Sun Q, Swift AJ, Thorand B, Tichet J, Tuomi T, van Dam RM, van Haeften TW, van Herpt T, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Walters GB, Weedon MN, Wijmenga C, Witteman J, Bergman RN, Cauchi S, Collins FS, Gloyn AL, Gyllensten U, Hansen T, Hide WA, Hitman GA, Hofman A, Hunter DJ, Hveem K, Laakso M, Mohlke KL, Morris AD, Palmer CNA, Pramstaller PP, Rudan I, Sijbrands E, Stein LD, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden A, Walker M, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Abecasis GR, Boehm BO, Campbell H, Daly MJ, Hattersley AT, Hu FB, Meigs JB, Pankow JS, Pedersen O, Wichmann HE, Barroso I, Florez JC, Frayling TM, Groop L, Sladek R, Thorsteinsdottir U, Wilson JF, Illig T, Froguel P, van Duijn CM, Stefansson K, Altshuler D, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI. Erratum: Corrigendum: Twelve type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis. Nat Genet 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/ng0411-388b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Rouvre M, Vol S, Gusto G, Born C, Lantieri O, Tichet J, Lecomte P. Low high density lipoprotein cholesterol: prevalence and associated risk-factors in a large French population. Ann Epidemiol 2011; 21:118-27. [PMID: 21184952 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular risk. We investigated the distribution of HDL-C in a French general population according to age, sex, and the risk factors associated with low HDL-C values. METHODS A group of 18,483 men and 22,047 women 16-79 years of age were investigated during a medical check-up. Relevant parameters were studied in three groups according to age and gender-specific percentile classes (≤5th [HDL₅] median and >95th). Gender-specific logistic regression models selected variables associated with HDL₅. RESULTS Using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (threshold: 40 mg/dL in men, 50 mg/dL in women) the prevalence of low HDL-C was 11.1% and 26.4% in men and women and it decreased with age. Mean HDL-C levels increased with age. HDL₅ was positively associated with a sedentary lifestyle and deprivation (p < 0.00001) even after adjustment on alcohol consumption and smoking. Abdominal obesity, smoking, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperleucocytosis, and low alcohol consumption were associated with HDL₅ for both genders. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of low HDL-C was similar to that observed in other Europeans but lower than in the United States. HDL₅ was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and social deprivation. A prevention policy to increase HDL-C levels should focus on reducing smoking and abdominal obesity, particularly in deprived subjects.
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Massin P, Lange C, Tichet J, Vol S, Erginay A, Cailleau M, Eschwège E, Balkau B. Hemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma glucose levels as predictors of retinopathy at 10 years: the French DESIR study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 129:188-95. [PMID: 21320965 DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictive values of hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) for retinopathy 10 years after the baseline examination. METHODS Seven hundred men and women from the DESIR (Data From an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome) Study underwent evaluation for retinopathy using a nonmydriatic digital camera. During the preceding 9 years, 235 had diabetes mellitus (treated or FPG level of ≥126 mg/dL at least once), 227 had an impaired FPG level (110-125 mg/dL) at least once, and 238 always had glucose levels within reference limits (<110 mg/dL). RESULTS Compared with those without retinopathy, the 44 participants with retinopathy at 10 years had higher baseline mean (SD) levels of FPG (130 [49] vs 106 [22] mg/dL) and HbA(1c) (6.4% [1.6%] vs 5.7% [0.7%]) (both, P < .001). The frequency of retinopathy at 10 years, standardized according to the distribution of glycemia across the entire DESIR population, was 3.6%. In our population, FPG levels of 108 and 116 mg/dL had positive predictive values of 8.4% and 14.0%, respectively, for retinopathy at 10 years; HbA(1c) levels of 6.0% and 6.5% had positive predictive values of 6.0% and 14.8%, respectively. After 10 years of follow-up, retinopathy was equally frequent in participants with impaired FPG levels and in those who became diabetic during the study (8.6% and 6.7%, respectively), lower than in those with diabetes at baseline (13.9%). CONCLUSION Because the positive predictive values for retinopathy increase sharply from 108 mg/dL for FPG and from 6.0% for HbA(1c) levels, these thresholds are proposed to identify those at risk of retinopathy 10 years later.
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Cheurfa N, Brenner GM, Reis AF, Dubois-Laforgue D, Roussel R, Tichet J, Lantieri O, Balkau B, Fumeron F, Timsit J, Marre M, Velho G. Decreased insulin secretion and increased risk of type 2 diabetes associated with allelic variations of the WFS1 gene: the Data from Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) prospective study. Diabetologia 2011; 54:554-62. [PMID: 21127832 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We investigated associations of allelic variations in the WFS1 gene with insulin secretion and risk of type 2 diabetes in a general population prospective study. METHODS We studied 5,110 unrelated French men and women who participated in the prospective Data from Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) study. Additional cross-sectional analyses were performed on 4,472 French individuals with type 2 diabetes and 3,065 controls. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped: rs10010131, rs1801213/rs7672995 and rs734312. RESULTS We observed statistically significant associations between the major alleles of the three variants and prevalent type 2 diabetes in the DESIR cohort at baseline. Cox analyses showed an association between the G-allele of rs10010131 and incident type 2 diabetes (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.08-1.70, p = 0.007). Similar results were observed for the G-allele of rs1801213 and the A-allele of rs734312. The GGA haplotype was associated with an increased risk of diabetes as compared with the ACG haplotype (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04-1.42, p = 0.02). We also observed statistically significant associations of the three SNPs with plasma glucose, HbA(1c) levels and insulin secretion at baseline and throughout the study in individuals with type 2 diabetes or at risk of developing diabetes. However, no association was observed in those who remained normoglycaemic at the end of the follow-up. Associations between the three variants and type 2 diabetes were replicated in cross-sectional studies of type 2 diabetic patients in comparison with a non-diabetic control group. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The most frequent haplotype at the haplotype block containing the WFS1 gene modulated insulin secretion and was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Safar ME, Lange C, Blacher J, Eschwège E, Tichet J, Balkau B. Mean and yearly changes in blood pressure with age in the metabolic syndrome: the DESIR study. Hypertens Res 2010; 34:91-7. [PMID: 20927113 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2010.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP; DBP) increase with age, but after 45 years of age, the yearly change in DBP (ΔDBP) tends to be smaller in comparison with the yearly change in SBP (ΔSBP), which increases with age. The effect of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) on this yearly change has never been explored. In a 9-year longitudinal cohort Data from an Epidemiologic Study on the Insulin Resistance syndrome (DESIR) study, we examined 1308 men and 1325 women, aged 30-65 years, who had never been treated for hypertension. SBP and DBP were measured at four examinations 3 years apart, and pulse pressure (PP) and yearly changes (ΔSBP, ΔDBP and ΔPP) were calculated. SBP and PP increased with age to a higher degree in patients with the MetS. In men and women with the MetS, DBP remained nearly constant, but in those without the MetS, DBP increased. After adjusting for baseline values, ΔSBP and ΔPP increased by 0.5 mm Hg per year for every additional 10 years from baseline. These correlations with age were similar for men and women, and the yearly change was always higher than in those with the MetS. In contrast, ΔDBP increased very slowly until 50 years of age and then decreased similarly for those with and without the MetS. The increase in PP with age, a marker of vascular aging, was determined to begin earlier in the present study than has been shown in the past, and the MetS amplified this effect. This new aspect of the MetS might modify clinical management leading to earlier drug treatment, particularly in regard to both endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness.
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Voight BF, Scott LJ, Steinthorsdottir V, Morris AP, Dina C, Welch RP, Zeggini E, Huth C, Aulchenko YS, Thorleifsson G, McCulloch LJ, Ferreira T, Grallert H, Amin N, Wu G, Willer CJ, Raychaudhuri S, McCarroll SA, Langenberg C, Hofmann OM, Dupuis J, Qi L, Segrè AV, van Hoek M, Navarro P, Ardlie K, Balkau B, Benediktsson R, Bennett AJ, Blagieva R, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Bengtsson Boström K, Bravenboer B, Bumpstead S, Burtt NP, Charpentier G, Chines PS, Cornelis M, Couper DJ, Crawford G, Doney ASF, Elliott KS, Elliott AL, Erdos MR, Fox CS, Franklin CS, Ganser M, Gieger C, Grarup N, Green T, Griffin S, Groves CJ, Guiducci C, Hadjadj S, Hassanali N, Herder C, Isomaa B, Jackson AU, Johnson PRV, Jørgensen T, Kao WHL, Klopp N, Kong A, Kraft P, Kuusisto J, Lauritzen T, Li M, Lieverse A, Lindgren CM, Lyssenko V, Marre M, Meitinger T, Midthjell K, Morken MA, Narisu N, Nilsson P, Owen KR, Payne F, Perry JRB, Petersen AK, Platou C, Proença C, Prokopenko I, Rathmann W, Rayner NW, Robertson NR, Rocheleau G, Roden M, Sampson MJ, Saxena R, Shields BM, Shrader P, Sigurdsson G, Sparsø T, Strassburger K, Stringham HM, Sun Q, Swift AJ, Thorand B, Tichet J, Tuomi T, van Dam RM, van Haeften TW, van Herpt T, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Walters GB, Weedon MN, Wijmenga C, Witteman J, Bergman RN, Cauchi S, Collins FS, Gloyn AL, Gyllensten U, Hansen T, Hide WA, Hitman GA, Hofman A, Hunter DJ, Hveem K, Laakso M, Mohlke KL, Morris AD, Palmer CNA, Pramstaller PP, Rudan I, Sijbrands E, Stein LD, Tuomilehto J, Uitterlinden A, Walker M, Wareham NJ, Watanabe RM, Abecasis GR, Boehm BO, Campbell H, Daly MJ, Hattersley AT, Hu FB, Meigs JB, Pankow JS, Pedersen O, Wichmann HE, Barroso I, Florez JC, Frayling TM, Groop L, Sladek R, Thorsteinsdottir U, Wilson JF, Illig T, Froguel P, van Duijn CM, Stefansson K, Altshuler D, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI. Twelve type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis. Nat Genet 2010; 42:579-89. [PMID: 20581827 DOI: 10.1038/ng.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1338] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
By combining genome-wide association data from 8,130 individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 38,987 controls of European descent and following up previously unidentified meta-analysis signals in a further 34,412 cases and 59,925 controls, we identified 12 new T2D association signals with combined P<5x10(-8). These include a second independent signal at the KCNQ1 locus; the first report, to our knowledge, of an X-chromosomal association (near DUSP9); and a further instance of overlap between loci implicated in monogenic and multifactorial forms of diabetes (at HNF1A). The identified loci affect both beta-cell function and insulin action, and, overall, T2D association signals show evidence of enrichment for genes involved in cell cycle regulation. We also show that a high proportion of T2D susceptibility loci harbor independent association signals influencing apparently unrelated complex traits.
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Miot A, Maimaitiming S, Emery N, Bellili N, Roussel R, Tichet J, Velho G, Balkau B, Marre M, Fumeron F. Genetic variability at the six transmembrane protein of prostate 2 locus and the metabolic syndrome: the data from an epidemiological study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:2942-7. [PMID: 20382686 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) has been shown to be involved in insulin resistance in animal models, but in humans, its role is far from understood. Our hypothesis was that genetic variation of STAMP2 could be associated with insulin resistance phenotypes such as the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in humans. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to search for associations between STAMP2 polymorphisms and the MetS in humans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were tested for associations with the International Diabetes Federation-defined MetS and its constituent parameters in 5212 French Caucasians from the prospective study, Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR), with a 9-yr follow-up. Methods included logistic regression and analysis of covariance adjusting for confounding variables and testing for interactions. RESULTS None of the SNPs was significantly associated with the prevalence or the incidence of the MetS. The rs12386756 was marginally associated with two parameters of the MetS [triglycerides (P = 0.04) and fasting glucose (P = 0.05)]. An interaction effect between this SNP and fat intake was observed on high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (P = 0.01) and systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03) that is consistent with an interrelation between STAMP2 and nutrition. Three SNPs were associated with insulin levels, but these SNPs were not associated with other features of the MetS. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the common polymorphisms of STAMP2 are unlikely to significantly contribute to the risk of the MetS in the general population, but relationships with insulin and interactions with fat intake need to be replicated.
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Bellili NM, Foucan L, Fumeron F, Mohammedi K, Travert F, Roussel R, Balkau B, Tichet J, Marre M. Associations of the -344 T>C and the 3097 G>A polymorphisms of CYP11B2 gene with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in a French population. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23:660-7. [PMID: 20224556 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2010.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aldosterone can affect both blood pressure (BP) and glucose metabolism. We assessed the association of two polymorphisms -344 T>C and the 3097 G>A in the aldosterone synthase gene (CYP11B2) with prevalent and incident hypertension (HT), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS We studied the 5,212 participants to D.E.S.I.R. (Data from Epidemiologic Study on the Insulin Resistance syndrome), a cohort from French general population. Genotyping was done by a TaqMan assay. Analysis of covariance, multivariate logistic regression (adjusted for age, MetS components) and haplotype analysis were performed. RESULTS The prevalences and 9-year incidences were 16.7 and 36.1% for HT, 2.6 and 6.2% for T2D, and 19.3 and 25.1% for the MetS. Risk for incident HT was reduced with the AA genotype of 3097 G>A, adjusted odds ratios (OR): 0.67; p = 0.04. The prevalence of HT was lower in women carrying the C allele of -344 T>C, OR 0.75; p = 0.03 for the TC genotype and 0.69; p = 0.03 for the CC genotype. In men, incident T2D was associated with both polymorphisms, adjusted OR for -344 T>C: 1.63; p = 0.04 for TC genotype and 2.12; p = 0.008 for CC genotype; for the 3097 G>A: the AA genotype was associated with a lower risk, OR 0.23; p = 0.02. In men, incident MetS was associated with 3097 G>A, OR: 0.57; p = 0.02 for AA genotype. Significant associations between haplotype combinations and the prevalence or incidence of the three diseases were also found. CONCLUSION The -344 T>C and 3097 G>A polymorphisms in the CYP11B2 are associated with T2D, hypertension and the MetS in European subjects with gender variations.
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Dupuis J, Langenberg C, Prokopenko I, Saxena R, Soranzo N, Jackson AU, Wheeler E, Glazer NL, Bouatia-Naji N, Gloyn AL, Lindgren CM, Mägi R, Morris AP, Randall J, Johnson T, Elliott P, Rybin D, Thorleifsson G, Steinthorsdottir V, Henneman P, Grallert H, Dehghan A, Hottenga JJ, Franklin CS, Navarro P, Song K, Goel A, Perry JRB, Egan JM, Lajunen T, Grarup N, Sparsø T, Doney A, Voight BF, Stringham HM, Li M, Kanoni S, Shrader P, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Kumari M, Qi L, Timpson NJ, Gieger C, Zabena C, Rocheleau G, Ingelsson E, An P, O'Connell J, Luan J, Elliott A, McCarroll SA, Payne F, Roccasecca RM, Pattou F, Sethupathy P, Ardlie K, Ariyurek Y, Balkau B, Barter P, Beilby JP, Ben-Shlomo Y, Benediktsson R, Bennett AJ, Bergmann S, Bochud M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnefond A, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Böttcher Y, Brunner E, Bumpstead SJ, Charpentier G, Chen YDI, Chines P, Clarke R, Coin LJM, Cooper MN, Cornelis M, Crawford G, Crisponi L, Day INM, de Geus EJC, Delplanque J, Dina C, Erdos MR, Fedson AC, Fischer-Rosinsky A, Forouhi NG, Fox CS, Frants R, Franzosi MG, Galan P, Goodarzi MO, Graessler J, Groves CJ, Grundy S, Gwilliam R, Gyllensten U, Hadjadj S, Hallmans G, Hammond N, Han X, Hartikainen AL, Hassanali N, Hayward C, Heath SC, Hercberg S, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hillman DR, Hingorani AD, Hofman A, Hui J, Hung J, Isomaa B, Johnson PRV, Jørgensen T, Jula A, Kaakinen M, Kaprio J, Kesaniemi YA, Kivimaki M, Knight B, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Kyvik KO, Lathrop GM, Lawlor DA, Le Bacquer O, Lecoeur C, Li Y, Lyssenko V, Mahley R, Mangino M, Manning AK, Martínez-Larrad MT, McAteer JB, McCulloch LJ, McPherson R, Meisinger C, Melzer D, Meyre D, Mitchell BD, Morken MA, Mukherjee S, Naitza S, Narisu N, Neville MJ, Oostra BA, Orrù M, Pakyz R, Palmer CNA, Paolisso G, Pattaro C, Pearson D, Peden JF, Pedersen NL, Perola M, Pfeiffer AFH, Pichler I, Polasek O, Posthuma D, Potter SC, Pouta A, Province MA, Psaty BM, Rathmann W, Rayner NW, Rice K, Ripatti S, Rivadeneira F, Roden M, Rolandsson O, Sandbaek A, Sandhu M, Sanna S, Sayer AA, Scheet P, Scott LJ, Seedorf U, Sharp SJ, Shields B, SigurÐsson G, Sijbrands EJG, Silveira A, Simpson L, Singleton A, Smith NL, Sovio U, Swift A, Syddall H, Syvänen AC, Tanaka T, Thorand B, Tichet J, Tönjes A, Tuomi T, Uitterlinden AG, van Dijk KW, van Hoek M, Varma D, Visvikis-Siest S, Vitart V, Vogelzangs N, Waeber G, Wagner PJ, Walley A, Walters GB, Ward KL, Watkins H, Weedon MN, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Witteman JCM, Yarnell JWG, Zeggini E, Zelenika D, Zethelius B, Zhai G, Zhao JH, Zillikens MC, Consortium DIAGRAM, Consortium GIANT, Consortium GBP, Borecki IB, Loos RJF, Meneton P, Magnusson PKE, Nathan DM, Williams GH, Hattersley AT, Silander K, Salomaa V, Smith GD, Bornstein SR, Schwarz P, Spranger J, Karpe F, Shuldiner AR, Cooper C, Dedoussis GV, Serrano-Ríos M, Morris AD, Lind L, Palmer LJ, Hu FB, Franks PW, Ebrahim S, Marmot M, Kao WHL, Pankow JS, Sampson MJ, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Pramstaller PP, Wichmann HE, Illig T, Rudan I, Wright AF, Stumvoll M, Campbell H, Wilson JF, Hamsten A, Bergman RN, Buchanan TA, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Tuomilehto J, Valle TT, Altshuler D, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma DI, Deloukas P, Spector TD, Frayling TM, Ferrucci L, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, van Duijn CM, Aulchenko YS, Cao A, Scuteri A, Schlessinger D, Uda M, Ruokonen A, Jarvelin MR, Waterworth DM, Vollenweider P, Peltonen L, Mooser V, Abecasis GR, Wareham NJ, Sladek R, Froguel P, Watanabe RM, Meigs JB, Groop L, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI, Florez JC, Barroso I. Erratum: New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk. Nat Genet 2010. [DOI: 10.1038/ng0510-464a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Balkau B, Vol S, Loko S, Andriamboavonjy T, Lantieri O, Gusto G, Meslier N, Racineux JL, Tichet J. High baseline insulin levels associated with 6-year incident observed sleep apnea. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:1044-9. [PMID: 20185739 PMCID: PMC2858172 DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with type 2 diabetes, and its association with insulin and insulin resistance has been examined in cross-sectional studies. We evaluate risk factors for incident observed sleep apnea in a general population not selected for sleep disturbances. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1,780 men and 1,785 women, aged 33 to 68 years, from the cohort Data from an Epidemiologic Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (D.E.S.I.R.) responded to the question, "Has someone said to you that you stop breathing during your sleep?" at baseline and 6 years. Anthropometric, clinical, and biological factors were recorded at both time points. RESULTS At baseline, 14% of men and 7% of women reported having observed sleep apnea (positive response to question); 6-year incidences were 14 and 6%, respectively. Age, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and sleep characteristics were all associated with prevalent, observed apnea episodes, in both sexes. Baseline waist circumference was the strongest predictor of incident apnea: standardized odds ratio (OR), adjusted for age and sex, 1.34 (95% CI 1.19-1.52). After adjustment for age, sex, and waist circumference, the standardized ORs for incident observed apnea were identical for fasting insulin and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance: 1.31 (1.13-1.51) and 1.24 (1.09-1.41) for triglycerides and 1.52 (1.12-2.05) for smoking. Observed apnea at baseline was not associated with changes in anthropometric or biological parameters over the 6-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The most important baseline risk factor for incident apnea was adiposity. After accounting for adiposity, other risk factors were high insulin, insulin resistance, high triglycerides, and smoking, factors amenable to lifestyle intervention.
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Fontaine‐Bisson B, Fumeron F, Marre M, Dutour A, Badens C, Levy N, Tichet J, Tregouet D, Balkau B, Morange P. Polymorphisms of the lamina maturation pathway and their association with the metabolic syndrome: the DESIR Prospective Study. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.822.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dupuis J, Langenberg C, Prokopenko I, Saxena R, Soranzo N, Jackson AU, Wheeler E, Glazer NL, Bouatia-Naji N, Gloyn AL, Lindgren CM, Mägi R, Morris AP, Randall J, Johnson T, Elliott P, Rybin D, Thorleifsson G, Steinthorsdottir V, Henneman P, Grallert H, Dehghan A, Hottenga JJ, Franklin CS, Navarro P, Song K, Goel A, Perry JRB, Egan JM, Lajunen T, Grarup N, Sparsø T, Doney A, Voight BF, Stringham HM, Li M, Kanoni S, Shrader P, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Kumari M, Qi L, Timpson NJ, Gieger C, Zabena C, Rocheleau G, Ingelsson E, An P, O’Connell J, Luan J, Elliott A, McCarroll SA, Payne F, Roccasecca RM, Pattou F, Sethupathy P, Ardlie K, Ariyurek Y, Balkau B, Barter P, Beilby JP, Ben-Shlomo Y, Benediktsson R, Bennett AJ, Bergmann S, Bochud M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnefond A, Bonnycastle LL, Borch-Johnsen K, Böttcher Y, Brunner E, Bumpstead SJ, Charpentier G, Chen YDI, Chines P, Clarke R, Coin LJM, Cooper MN, Cornelis M, Crawford G, Crisponi L, Day INM, de Geus E, Delplanque J, Dina C, Erdos MR, Fedson AC, Fischer-Rosinsky A, Forouhi NG, Fox CS, Frants R, Franzosi MG, Galan P, Goodarzi MO, Graessler J, Groves CJ, Grundy S, Gwilliam R, Gyllensten U, Hadjadj S, Hallmans G, Hammond N, Han X, Hartikainen AL, Hassanali N, Hayward C, Heath SC, Hercberg S, Herder C, Hicks AA, Hillman DR, Hingorani AD, Hofman A, Hui J, Hung J, Isomaa B, Johnson PRV, Jørgensen T, Jula A, Kaakinen M, Kaprio J, Kesaniemi YA, Kivimaki M, Knight B, Koskinen S, Kovacs P, Kyvik KO, Lathrop GM, Lawlor DA, Le Bacquer O, Lecoeur C, Li Y, Lyssenko V, Mahley R, Mangino M, Manning AK, Martínez-Larrad MT, McAteer JB, McCulloch LJ, McPherson R, Meisinger C, Melzer D, Meyre D, Mitchell BD, Morken MA, Mukherjee S, Naitza S, Narisu N, Neville MJ, Oostra BA, Orrù M, Pakyz R, Palmer CNA, Paolisso G, Pattaro C, Pearson D, Peden JF, Pedersen NL, Perola M, Pfeiffer AFH, Pichler I, Polasek O, Posthuma D, Potter SC, Pouta A, Province MA, Psaty BM, Rathmann W, Rayner NW, Rice K, Ripatti S, Rivadeneira F, Roden M, Rolandsson O, Sandbaek A, Sandhu M, Sanna S, Sayer AA, Scheet P, Scott LJ, Seedorf U, Sharp SJ, Shields B, Sigurðsson G, Sijbrands EJG, Silveira A, Simpson L, Singleton A, Smith NL, Sovio U, Swift A, Syddall H, Syvänen AC, Tanaka T, Thorand B, Tichet J, Tönjes A, Tuomi T, Uitterlinden AG, van Dijk KW, van Hoek M, Varma D, Visvikis-Siest S, Vitart V, Vogelzangs N, Waeber G, Wagner PJ, Walley A, Walters GB, Ward KL, Watkins H, Weedon MN, Wild SH, Willemsen G, Witteman JCM, Yarnell JWG, Zeggini E, Zelenika D, Zethelius B, Zhai G, Zhao JH, Zillikens MC, Borecki IB, Loos RJF, Meneton P, Magnusson PKE, Nathan DM, Williams GH, Hattersley AT, Silander K, Salomaa V, Smith GD, Bornstein SR, Schwarz P, Spranger J, Karpe F, Shuldiner AR, Cooper C, Dedoussis GV, Serrano-Ríos M, Morris AD, Lind L, Palmer LJ, Hu FB, Franks PW, Ebrahim S, Marmot M, Kao WHL, Pankow JS, Sampson MJ, Kuusisto J, Laakso M, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Pramstaller PP, Wichmann HE, Illig T, Rudan I, Wright AF, Stumvoll M, Campbell H, Wilson JF, Hamsten A, Bergman RN, Buchanan TA, Collins FS, Mohlke KL, Tuomilehto J, Valle TT, Altshuler D, Rotter JI, Siscovick DS, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma D, Deloukas P, Spector TD, Frayling TM, Ferrucci L, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, van Duijn CM, Aulchenko YS, Cao A, Scuteri A, Schlessinger D, Uda M, Ruokonen A, Jarvelin MR, Waterworth DM, Vollenweider P, Peltonen L, Mooser V, Abecasis GR, Wareham NJ, Sladek R, Froguel P, Watanabe RM, Meigs JB, Groop L, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI, Florez JC, Barroso I. New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk. Nat Genet 2010; 42:105-16. [PMID: 20081858 PMCID: PMC3018764 DOI: 10.1038/ng.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1658] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.
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Gautier A, Balkau B, Lange C, Tichet J, Bonnet F. Risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes in individuals with a BMI of <27 kg/m2: the role of gamma-glutamyltransferase. Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR). Diabetologia 2010; 53:247-53. [PMID: 19936701 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes, in particular, hepatic markers, have rarely been studied in leaner individuals. We aimed to identify the metabolic and hepatic markers associated with incident diabetes in men and women with a BMI of <27 kg/m(2) and to compare them with those in individuals with a BMI of >or=27 kg/m(2). METHODS Risk factors for 9 year incident diabetes were compared in the French Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) cohort. Comparisons were made between the 2,947 participants with a BMI of <27 kg/m(2) and the 879 with a BMI of >or=27 kg/m(2). RESULTS There were 92 incident cases of diabetes in individuals with a BMI of <27 kg/m(2) and 111 in those with a BMI of >or=27 kg/m(2). Among those who were not markedly overweight, classical biological markers were associated with 9 year incident diabetes, glycaemia being the strongest predictor. gamma-Glutamyltransferase (GGT), either considered as a continuous variable or at levels >or=20 U/l, was associated with incident diabetes, with a stronger effect in the BMI <27 kg/m(2) group: OR 1.59 (95% CI 1.29-1.97, p < 0.001) in comparison with OR 1.07 (95% CI 0.82-1.38, p = 0.63) for those with a BMI of >or=27 kg/m(2) (results after adjustment for alcohol intake, alanine aminotransferase, waist circumference and the HOMA insulin resistance index). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In individuals with a BMI of <27 kg/m(2), GGT was the strongest predictor of diabetes after fasting hyperglycaemia. This association with incident diabetes remained after adjustment for conventional markers of insulin resistance, suggesting potential interactions between GGT, enhanced hepatic neoglucogenesis and/or early alterations of insulin secretion.
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Bonnefond A, Vaxillaire M, Labrune Y, Lecoeur C, Chèvre JC, Bouatia-Naji N, Cauchi S, Balkau B, Marre M, Tichet J, Riveline JP, Hadjadj S, Gallois Y, Czernichow S, Hercberg S, Kaakinen M, Wiesner S, Charpentier G, Lévy-Marchal C, Elliott P, Jarvelin MR, Horber F, Dina C, Pedersen O, Sladek R, Meyre D, Froguel P. Genetic variant in HK1 is associated with a proanemic state and A1C but not other glycemic control-related traits. Diabetes 2009; 58:2687-97. [PMID: 19651813 PMCID: PMC2768183 DOI: 10.2337/db09-0652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A1C is widely considered the gold standard for monitoring effective blood glucose levels. Recently, a genome-wide association study reported an association between A1C and rs7072268 within HK1 (encoding hexokinase 1), which catalyzes the first step of glycolysis. HK1 deficiency in erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]) causes severe nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia in both humans and mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The contribution of rs7072268 to A1C and the RBC-related traits was assessed in 6,953 nondiabetic European participants. We additionally analyzed the association with hematologic traits in 5,229 nondiabetic European individuals (in whom A1C was not measured) and 1,924 diabetic patients. Glucose control-related markers other than A1C were analyzed in 18,694 nondiabetic European individuals. A type 2 diabetes case-control study included 7,447 French diabetic patients. RESULTS Our study confirms a strong association between the rs7072268-T allele and increased A1C (beta = 0.029%; P = 2.22 x 10(-7)). Surprisingly, despite adequate study power, rs7072268 showed no association with any other markers of glucose control (fasting- and 2-h post-OGTT-related parameters, n = 18,694). In contrast, rs7072268-T allele decreases hemoglobin levels (n = 13,416; beta = -0.054 g/dl; P = 3.74 x 10(-6)) and hematocrit (n = 11,492; beta = -0.13%; P = 2.26 x 10(-4)), suggesting a proanemic effect. The T allele also increases risk for anemia (836 cases; odds ratio 1.13; P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS HK1 variation, although strongly associated with A1C, does not seem to be involved in blood glucose control. Since HK1 rs7072268 is associated with reduced hemoglobin levels and favors anemia, we propose that HK1 may influence A1C levels through its anemic effect or its effect on glucose metabolism in RBCs. These findings may have implications for type 2 diabetes diagnosis and clinical management because anemia is a frequent complication of the diabetes state.
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Cogneau J, Lebeau JP, Tichet J, Lange C, Balkau B. [Drug treatment of cardiovascular risk factors over six years of following the French DESIR cohort]. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2009; 21:547-559. [PMID: 20429225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors within the context of a cohort study of adults, according to the risk estimated by the Framingham equation. METHOD This prospective study, DESIR, followed 1526 men and 1652 women for six years. At the time of the study's initiation, all participants were aged 35 to 65, and none were being treated for hypertension or dyslipemia. Treatments for hypertension and dyslipemia initiated during the study were analyzed according to categories of cardiovascular risk based on the Framingham scale. RESULTS At baseline, 24% of men and 5% of women had an estimated 10 years cardiovascular risk (for CHD) higher or equal to 10%. Three years later, only 19% of these men and 36% of these women had been treated, while 6% of men and 9% of women at risk < 10% had also been treated well. At six years, one third of men at high risk at baseline and/or at three years were treated, against half of the women. CONCLUSION Despite a significant effort to communicate the importance of addressing and treating the individual risk factors, the currently prescribed treatments remain inadequate, especially given the necessity to treat them based on the assessment of the overall cardiovascular risk.
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Rung J, Cauchi S, Albrechtsen A, Shen L, Rocheleau G, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Bacot F, Balkau B, Belisle A, Borch-Johnsen K, Charpentier G, Dina C, Durand E, Elliott P, Hadjadj S, Järvelin MR, Laitinen J, Lauritzen T, Marre M, Mazur A, Meyre D, Montpetit A, Pisinger C, Posner B, Poulsen P, Pouta A, Prentki M, Ribel-Madsen R, Ruokonen A, Sandbaek A, Serre D, Tichet J, Vaxillaire M, Wojtaszewski JFP, Vaag A, Hansen T, Polychronakos C, Pedersen O, Froguel P, Sladek R. Erratum: Genetic variant near IRS1 is associated with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Nat Genet 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/ng1009-1156c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rung J, Cauchi S, Albrechtsen A, Shen L, Rocheleau G, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Bacot F, Balkau B, Belisle A, Borch-Johnsen K, Charpentier G, Dina C, Durand E, Elliott P, Hadjadj S, Järvelin MR, Laitinen J, Lauritzen T, Marre M, Mazur A, Meyre D, Montpetit A, Pisinger C, Posner B, Poulsen P, Pouta A, Prentki M, Ribel-Madsen R, Ruokonen A, Sandbaek A, Serre D, Tichet J, Vaxillaire M, Wojtaszewski JFP, Vaag A, Hansen T, Polychronakos C, Pedersen O, Froguel P, Sladek R. Genetic variant near IRS1 is associated with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Nat Genet 2009; 41:1110-5. [PMID: 19734900 DOI: 10.1038/ng.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified common variants that only partially explain the genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using genome-wide association data from 1,376 French individuals, we identified 16,360 SNPs nominally associated with T2D and studied these SNPs in an independent sample of 4,977 French individuals. We then selected the 28 best hits for replication in 7,698 Danish subjects and identified 4 SNPs showing strong association with T2D, one of which (rs2943641, P = 9.3 x 10(-12), OR = 1.19) was located adjacent to the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene (IRS1). Unlike previously reported T2D risk loci, which predominantly associate with impaired beta cell function, the C allele of rs2943641 was associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in 14,358 French, Danish and Finnish participants from population-based cohorts; this allele was also associated with reduced basal levels of IRS1 protein and decreased insulin induction of IRS1-associated phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase activity in human skeletal muscle biopsies.
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Guittet L, Bouvier V, Mariotte N, Vallee JP, Levillain R, Tichet J, Launoy G. Performance of immunochemical faecal occult blood test in colorectal cancer screening in average-risk population according to positivity threshold and number of samples. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:1127-33. [PMID: 19431212 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immunochemical faecal occult blood tests (I-FOBT) detect more effectively advanced neoplasia than guaiac tests (G-FOBT). The study aim was to compare the performance of an I-FOBT whilst varying the positivity threshold and considering four analysis modalities: one sample was performed (MG(1)), two samples were performed and at least one sample was positive (MG(2+)), both samples were positive (MG(2++)) or the mean of the two samples' log-transformed haemoglobin contents exceeded the cutoff (MG(2m)). Screening for colorectal cancer using both G-FOBT and two samples' I-FOBT was performed by an average-risk population sample of 20,322 subjects. Among the 1,615 subjects with at least one positive test, 1,277 had a satisfactory colonoscopy result; 43 invasive cancers and 270 high-risk adenomas were detected. The I-FOBT was reinterpreted under each analysis modality (a random selection of one sample led to MG(1)). For all modalities, increasing the positivity threshold decreased sensitivity and increased specificity. The relative ROC curves (in reference to G-FOBT) demonstrated similar performance for MG(1) and MG(2+), and improved performance for MG(2m). MG(2++) sensitivity was limited within the range of positivity thresholds evaluated. For any specificity, MG(2m) provided the highest sensitivity. For any sensitivity, MG(2m) provided the highest specificity. For any positivity rate, MG(2m) provided both the highest sensitivity and specificity. This study suggests the replacement of MG(2+) by MG(1) or, for even better performance, by MG(2m) provided that two samples are performed with similar participation (which should be explored). The targeted positivity rate could then be achieved by choosing the positivity threshold.
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Blakemore AIF, Meyre D, Delplanque J, Vatin V, Lecoeur C, Marre M, Tichet J, Balkau B, Froguel P, Walley AJ. A rare variant in the visfatin gene (NAMPT/PBEF1) is associated with protection from obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17:1549-53. [PMID: 19300429 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Visfatin was recently reported as a novel adipokine encoded by the NAMPT (PBEF1) gene. This study was aimed at investigation of the possibility that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the visfatin gene are associated with either obesity or type 2 diabetes (T2D). A set of eight "tag-SNPs" were selected and ABI SNPlex assays designed for genotyping purposes. A total of 1,709 severely obese subjects were typed (896 class III obese adults and 813 children) together with 2,367 T2D individuals and 2,850 controls. For quantitative trait analysis, an additional 2,362 subjects were typed for rs10487818 from a general population sample. One rare SNP, rs10487818, located in intron 4 of NAMPT was associated with severe obesity, with a minor allele frequency of 1.6% in controls, 0.4% in the class III obese adults and, remarkably, 0% in the severely obese children. A highly significant association was observed for the presence or absence of the rare allele, i.e., (A,A) vs. (A,T + T,T) genotypes, in children (P = 6 x 10(-9)) and in adults (P = 8 x 10(-5)). No other significant (P < 0.05) association was observed with obesity or T2D for this or any other SNP. No association with BMI or waist-to-hip ratio was observed in a general population sample (n = 5,212). This is one of the first rare SNPs shown to be protective against a common polygenic disease and provides further evidence that rare alleles of strong effect can contribute to complex diseases such as severe obesity.
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Bonnet F, Balkau B, Malécot JM, Picard P, Lange C, Fumeron F, Aubert R, Raverot V, Déchaud H, Tichet J, Lecomte P, Pugeat M. Sex hormone-binding globulin predicts the incidence of hyperglycemia in women: interactions with adiponectin levels. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 161:81-5. [PMID: 19429700 DOI: 10.1530/eje-09-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous evidence has suggested that a low sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentration is associated with insulin-resistance and a low adiponectin concentration. We investigated the association between SHBG and the risk of hyperglycemia in each sex and we determined potential interactions between SHBG and adiponectin levels in the development of dysglycemia. DESIGN We used a nested case-control design in the large prospective study, Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR). We studied 227 men and women who were normoglycemic at baseline but hyperglycemic at 3 years (glycemia > or = 6.1 mmol/l or type 2 diabetes). They were matched for sex, age, and body mass index with 227 subjects who remained normoglycemic at 3 years. RESULTS At baseline, the concentration of SHBG was significantly lower in women who subsequently developed hyperglycemia than in those who remained normoglycemic, with no difference for men. In multiple regression, SHBG at baseline was as an independent determinant of plasma adiponectin levels, in both women (P<0.0001) and men (P=0.002). In multivariate conditional logistic regression taking into account physical activity and changes in waist circumference over the follow-up, plasma SHBG remained significantly associated with the development of hyperglycemia in women but not in men. These associations persisted after adjustment for fasting insulinemia, high fasting glucose, and adiponectin levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a low SHBG level is a strong risk marker for dysglycemia in women, independently of both adiponectinemia and insulinemia. SHBG may therefore improve the identification of women at risk of diabetes.
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Vierron E, Halimi JM, Tichet J, Balkau B, Cogneau J, Giraudeau B. Center effect on ankle-brachial index measurement when using the reference method (Doppler and manometer): results from a large cohort study. Am J Hypertens 2009; 22:718-22. [PMID: 19407803 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2009.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple and noninvasive tool used to detect peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We aimed to assess, in a French multicenter cohort, the center effect associated with arterial pressure (AP) and ABI measurements using the reference method and using a semiautomatic device. METHODS This study included baseline and 9-year follow-up data from 3,664 volunteers of 10 health examination centers of the DESIR (Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance) syndrome French cohort. Ankle and brachial AP were measured at inclusion by the reference method (a mercury sphygmomanometer coupled with a Doppler probe for ankle measurements) and at 9 years by a semiautomatic device (Omron HEM-705CP). The center effect was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), ratio of the between-center variance to the total variance of the measurement. RESULTS At inclusion, the sample mean age was 47.5 (s.d. 9.9) years; 49.3% were men. Although ICCs were smaller than 0.05 for brachial AP measurements, they were close to 0.18 and 0.20 for ankle systolic AP (SAP) and ABI measurements, respectively, when the reference method was used. No center effect for measures other than ankle SAP was detected. With the semiautomatic device method, all ICCs, including those for ankle SAP and ABI measurements, were between 0.005 and 0.04. CONCLUSIONS We found an important center effect on ABI measured with a sphygmomanometer and a Doppler probe but not a semiautomatic device. A center effect should be taken into account when planning any multicenter study on ABI measurement.
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Sparsø T, Bonnefond A, Andersson E, Bouatia-Naji N, Holmkvist J, Wegner L, Grarup N, Gjesing AP, Banasik K, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Marchand M, Vaxillaire M, Charpentier G, Jarvelin MR, Tichet J, Balkau B, Marre M, Lévy-Marchal C, Faerch K, Borch-Johnsen K, Jørgensen T, Madsbad S, Poulsen P, Vaag A, Dina C, Hansen T, Pedersen O, Froguel P. G-allele of intronic rs10830963 in MTNR1B confers increased risk of impaired fasting glycemia and type 2 diabetes through an impaired glucose-stimulated insulin release: studies involving 19,605 Europeans. Diabetes 2009; 58:1450-6. [PMID: 19324940 PMCID: PMC2682679 DOI: 10.2337/db08-1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies have identified several variants within the MTNR1B locus that are associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and type 2 diabetes. We refined the association signal by direct genotyping and examined for associations of the variant displaying the most independent effect on FPG with isolated impaired fasting glycemia (i-IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT), type 2 diabetes, and measures of insulin release and peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We examined European-descent participants in the Inter99 study (n = 5,553), in a sample of young healthy Danes (n = 372), in Danish twins (n = 77 elderly and n = 97 young), in additional Danish type 2 diabetic patients (n = 1,626) and control subjects (n = 505), in the Data from the Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) study (n = 4,656), in the North Finland Birth Cohort 86 (n = 5,258), and in the Haguenau study (n = 1,461). RESULTS The MTNR1B intronic variant, rs10830963, carried most of the effect on FPG and showed the strongest association with FPG (combined P = 5.3 x 10(-31)) and type 2 diabetes. The rs10830963 G-allele increased the risk of i-IFG (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, P = 5.5 x 10(-11)) but not i-IGT. The G-allele was associated with a decreased insulin release after oral and intravenous glucose challenges (P < 0.01) but not after injection of tolbutamide. In elderly twins, the G-allele associated with hepatic insulin resistance (P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS The G-allele of MTNR1B rs10830963 increases risk of type 2 diabetes through a state of i-IFG and not through i-IGT. The same allele associates with estimates of beta-cell dysfunction and hepatic insulin resistance.
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Bouatia-Naji N, Marchand M, Cavalcanti-Proença C, Daghmoun S, Durand E, Tichet J, Marre M, Balkau B, Froguel P, Lévy-Marchal C. Smallness for gestational age interacts with high mobility group A2 gene genetic variation to modulate height. Eur J Endocrinol 2009; 160:557-60. [PMID: 19139030 DOI: 10.1530/eje-08-0794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Height variability is largely under genetic control, although identifying the genetic variants involved has been until recently challenging. Smallness for gestational age (SGA) is a risk factor for adult short stature. Genome-wide association studies have identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1042725) in the high mobility group A2 gene (HMGA2) that consistently associates with height variability but its interaction with SGA is unknown. DESIGN We assess the contribution of rs1042725 SNP and height variability in a French population and the impact of rs1042725 on SGA status at birth and height at adulthood in SGA individuals. METHODS We genotyped rs1042725 in 4710 healthy participants from the Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance syndrome (DESIR) cohort, 743 normal birth weight and 660 SGA individuals from the Haguenau study. RESULTS rs1042725 is associated with increased height in the cohort participants (0.36 cm 95% CI (0.12-0.61) per C allele, P=0.004) but not with the SGA status or birth length. Interestingly, rs1042725 had a stronger effect on height in SGA participants (0.94 cm 95% CI (0.24-1.64) per C allele, P=0.009), especially in men (1.45 cm 95% CI (0.44-2.46) per C allele, P=0.005) in whom rs1042725 may explain 3% of height variability. SGA men carrying at least one C allele copy experienced more frequent catch-up in height (P(add)=0.07; P(dom)=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our study supports further the contribution of HMGA2 rs1042725 to height variability in European populations and shows an increased effect on height in SGA individuals where this variant favors height catch-up.
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Guittet L, Bouvier V, Mariotte N, Vallee JP, Levillain R, Tichet J, Launoy G. Comparison of a guaiac and an immunochemical faecal occult blood test for the detection of colonic lesions according to lesion type and location. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:1230-5. [PMID: 19337253 PMCID: PMC2676539 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated variations in sensitivity of an immunochemical (I-FOBT) and a guaiac (G-FOBT) faecal occult blood test according to type and location of lesions in an average-risk 50- to 74-year-old population. Screening for colorectal cancer by both non-rehydrated Haemoccult II G-FOBT and Magstream I-FOBT was proposed to a sample of 20 322 subjects. Of the 1615 subjects with at least one positive test, colonoscopy results were available for 1277. A total of 43 invasive cancers and 270 high-risk adenomas were detected. The gain in sensitivity associated with the I-FOBT was calculated using the ratio of sensitivities (RSN) according to type and location of lesions, and amount of bleeding. The gain in sensitivity by using I-FOBT increased from invasive cancers (RSN=1.48 (1.16–4.59)) to high-risk adenomas (RSN=3.32 (2.70–4.07)), and was inversely related to the amount of bleeding. Among cancers, the gain in sensitivity was confined to rectal cancer (RSN=2.09 (1.36–3.20)) and concerned good prognosis cancers, because they involve less bleeding. Among high-risk adenomas, the gain in sensitivity was similar whatever the location. This study suggests that the gain in sensitivity by using an I-FOBT instead of a G-FOBT greatly depends on the location of lesions and the amount of bleeding. Concerning cancer, the gain seems to be confined to rectal cancer.
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Czernichow S, Vergnaud AC, Maillard-Teyssier L, Péneau S, Bertrais S, Méjean C, Vol S, Tichet J, Hercberg S. Trends in the prevalence of obesity in employed adults in central-western France: a population-based study, 1995-2005. Prev Med 2009; 48:262-6. [PMID: 19162065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The overall trend of obesity prevalence has increased during the last decades, even in France which has one of the lowest prevalence in Europe. The aim of this study was to assess, according to socioeconomic status (SES), whether a shift in the obesity prevalence trends could be observed since the French National Nutrition and Public Health Program was implemented in 2001. METHODS Standardised cross-sectional repeated population-based data from the French Social Security Health Examination Centers in the central-western region of France (n=339,882). We examined regression slopes (95% CI) of overall and abdominal obesity from 1995 to 2005 according to SES. We also compared slopes within each SES between 1995-2001 and 2001-2005. RESULTS After standardisation to the French age distribution, 6.9% of men and 6.4% of women were obese in 1995 and 8.9% and 8.6% in 2005, respectively. Abdominal adiposity concerned 5.6% of men and 8.5% of women in 1995 and 9.5% and 14.3% in 2005. Obesity prevalence regression slopes between 1995 and 2005 increased in all SES categories, except management professionals in both genders and office/service personnel male who were stable. Significant regression slopes before 2001 became non-significant afterward in office/service personnel males for obesity prevalence; and for abdominal obesity in manual workers women and office/service personnel (p=0.05, in men). CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the overall epidemic rise in the obesity prevalence trends during the last decade, except in management professionals and office/service personnel men. Obesity prevalence trends in office/service personnel and manual workers women for abdominal obesity were also observed to stabilise since 2001. We could hypothesize that the National Nutrition and Public Health Program may partly be involved in this decreasing trend among office/service personnel mainly. Policymakers should take into account these data to assess the effectiveness of obesity prevention public-health strategies in the future.
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