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Keränen A, Leiviskä T, Hormi O, Tanskanen J. Removal of nitrate by modified pine sawdust: effects of temperature and co-existing anions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 147:46-54. [PMID: 25261751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of temperature, sulphate and phosphate, and the initial nitrate concentration on nitrate removal was studied with synthetic solutions. Chemically modified pine sawdust (Pinus sylvestris) anion exchange resin (MPSD) was used in the sorption studies. The resin was synthesized by reacting pine sawdust with epichlorohydrin, ethylenediamine and triethylamine in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide. Nitrate removal was successful at 5-70 °C. Higher temperatures caused nitrate removal to decrease moderately, but sorption capacities of 22.2-32.8 mg/g for NO3-N were achieved. The removal of nitrate in the presence of sulphate or phosphate was studied at concentrations of 30 mg N/l, 10-500 mg S/l and 1-50 mg P/l. A significant decrease in nitrate reduction was observed at sulphate and phosphate concentrations of 100 mg S/l and 50 mg P/l, respectively. The effect of initial nitrate concentration was studied in column. Nitrate sorption was clearly dependent on the initial concentration. Desorption of nitrate in column was completed using about 80 bed volumes of 0.1 M NaCl solution. The sorption data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson adsorption models. The Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir models gave the best fit, which suggests monolayer sorption. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the sorption of nitrate was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The results imply that modified pine sawdust could be a feasible alternative in the treatment of real industrial wastewaters.
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Leiviskä T, Keränen A, Vainionpää N, Al Amir J, Hormi O, Tanskanen J. Vanadium(V) removal from aqueous solution and real wastewater using quaternized pine sawdust. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:437-442. [PMID: 26204076 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cross-linked and quaternized pine sawdust was tested for vanadium removal from a synthetic aqueous solution as well as from real industrial wastewater which had a considerable amount of vanadium and other ions such as sulphate, ammonium and nickel. The maximum vanadium sorption capacity of the modified pine sawdust was found to be 130 mg/g in synthetic solution and 103 mg/g in real wastewater. Modified pine sawdust worked well over a wide range of pH. Column studies with real wastewater proved that vanadium was efficiently desorbed from the material with 2 M NaOH and that the material could be reused.
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Leppäjärvi T, Malinen I, Korelskiy D, Kangas J, Hedlund J, Tanskanen J. Pervaporation of Ethanol/Water Mixtures Through a High-Silica MFI Membrane: Comparison of Different Semi-Empirical Mass Transfer Models. PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.3311/ppch.7665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Lamminpää K, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Kinetics of furfural destruction in a formic acid medium. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetics of furfural degradation in a formic acid catalyst was studied, and it was found out that the overall order of the reaction changes with the amount of acid catalyst.
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Leppäjärvi T, Malinen I, Korelskiy D, Hedlund J, Tanskanen J. Maxwell–Stefan Modeling of Ethanol and Water Unary Pervaporation through a High-Silica MFI Zeolite Membrane. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie400814z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Karhu M, Kuokkanen T, Rämö J, Mikola M, Tanskanen J. Performance of a commercial industrial-scale UF-based process for treatment of oily wastewaters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 128:413-420. [PMID: 23792818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An evaluation was made of the performance of a commercial industrial-scale ultrafiltration (UF)-based process for treatment of highly concentrated oily wastewaters. Wastewater samples were gathered from two plants treating industrial wastewaters in 2008, and in 2011 (only from one of the plants), from three points of a UF-based treatment train. The wastewater samples were analyzed by measuring the BOD7, COD, TOC and total surface charge (TSC). The inorganic content and zeta potentials of the samples were analyzed and GC-FID/MS analyses were performed. The removal performances of BOD7, COD, TOC and TSC in 2008 and 2011 for both plants were very high. Initial concentrations of contaminants in 2011 were lower than in 2008, therefore the COD and TSC reductions were also lower in 2011 than three years before. Regardless of the high performance of UF-based processes in both plants, at times the residual concentrations were considerable. This could be explained by the high initial concentrations and also by the presence of the dissolved compounds that were characterized. Linear correlation was observed between COD and TOC, and between COD and TSC. The correlation between COD and TSC could be utilized for process control purposes.
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Mikola M, Rämö J, Sarpola A, Tanskanen J. Removal of different NOM fractions from surface water with aluminium formate. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Keränen A, Leiviskä T, Gao BY, Hormi O, Tanskanen J. Preparation of novel anion exchangers from pine sawdust and bark, spruce bark, birch bark and peat for the removal of nitrate. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kupiainen L, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Hydrolysis of organosolv wheat pulp in formic acid at high temperature for glucose production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 116:29-35. [PMID: 22609651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organosolv methods can be used to delignify lignocellulosic crop residues for pulp production or to pretreat them prior to enzymatic hydrolysis for bioethanol production. In this study, organic solvent was used as an acidic hydrolysis catalyst to produce glucose. Hydrolysis experiments were carried out in 5-20% formic acid at 180-220 °C. Wheat straw pulp delignified with a formicodeli™ method was used as a raw material. It was found that glucose yields from pulp are significantly higher than yields from microcrystalline cellulose, a model component for cellulose hydrolysis. The results indicate that cellulose hydrolysis of real fibers takes place more selectively to glucose than hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose particles does. The effect of the particle size on pulp hydrolysis was investigated, the crystallinity of hydrolyzed pulp was measured by XRD analysis, and the product distribution and its influence on the process was discussed.
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Zhou H, Korelskiy D, Leppäjärvi T, Grahn M, Tanskanen J, Hedlund J. Ultrathin zeolite X membranes for pervaporation dehydration of ethanol. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lamminpää K, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Kinetics of Xylose Dehydration into Furfural in Formic Acid. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2018367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kupiainen L, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Distinct Effect of Formic and Sulfuric Acids on Cellulose Hydrolysis at High Temperature. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202323u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Leppäjärvi T, Malinen I, Kangas J, Tanskanen J. Utilization of Pisat temperature-dependency in modelling adsorption on zeolites. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kangas J, Malinen I, Tanskanen J. Modified Bounded Homotopies in the Solving of Phase Stability Problems for Liquid–Liquid Phase-Splitting Calculations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie101907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kupiainen L, Ahola J, Tanskanen J. Comparison of Formic and Sulfuric Acids as a Glucose Decomposition Catalyst. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1008822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Malinen I, Tanskanen J. Thermally Coupled Side-Column Configurations Enabling Distillation Boundary Crossing. 2. Effects of Intermediate Heat Exchangers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800818y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Malinen I, Tanskanen J. Thermally Coupled Side-Column Configurations Enabling Distillation Boundary Crossing. 1. An Overview and a Solving Procedure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800817n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Malinen I, Tanskanen J. A Rigorous Minimum Energy Calculation Method for a Fully Thermally Coupled Distillation System. Chem Eng Res Des 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd06086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tanskanen J, Saarela S, Tankka S, Kalkkinen N, Rhen M, Korhonen TK, Westerlund-Wikström B. The gaf fimbrial gene cluster of Escherichia coli expresses a full-size and a truncated soluble adhesin protein. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:512-9. [PMID: 11133944 PMCID: PMC94906 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.2.512-519.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The GafD lectin of the G (F17) fimbriae of diarrhea-associated Escherichia coli was overexpressed and purified from the periplasm of E. coli by affinity chromatography on GlcNAc-agarose. The predicted mature GafD peptide comprises 321 amino acids, but the predominant form of GafD recovered from the periplasm was 19,092 Da in size and corresponded to the 178 N-terminal amino acid residues, as judged by mass spectrometry and amino acid sequencing, and was named DeltaGafD. Expression of gafD from the cloned gaf gene cluster in DegP-, Lon-, and OmpT-deficient recombinant strains did not significantly decrease the formation of DeltaGafD. The peptide was also detected in the periplasm of the wild-type E. coli strain from which the gaf gene cluster originally was cloned. We expressed gafD fragments encoding C-terminally truncated peptides. Peptides GafD1-252, GafD1-224, GafD1-189, and the GafD1-178, isolated from the periplasm by affinity chromatography, had apparent sizes closely similar to that of DeltaGafD. Only trace amounts of truncated forms with expected molecular sizes were detected in spheroplasts. In contrast, the shorter GafD1-157 peptide was detected in spheroplasts but not in the periplasm, indicating that it was poorly translocated or was degraded by periplasmic proteases. Pulse-chase assays using gafD indicated that DeltaGafD was processed from GafD and is not a primary translation product. The DeltaGafD peptide was soluble by biochemical criteria and exhibited specific binding to GlcNAc-agarose. Inhibition assays with mono- and oligosaccharides gave a similar inhibition pattern in the hemagglutination by the G-fimbria-expressing recombinant E. coli strain and in the binding of [(14)C]DeltaGafD to GlcNAc-agarose. DeltaGafD bound specifically to laminin, a previously described tissue target for the G fimbria. Our results show that a soluble, protease-resistant subdomain of GafD exhibits receptor-binding specificity similar to that for intact G fimbriae and that it is formed when gafD is expressed alone or from the gaf gene cluster.
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Tanskanen J, Korhonen TK, Westerlund-Wikström B. Construction of a multihybrid display system: flagellar filaments carrying two foreign adhesive peptides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66:4152-6. [PMID: 10966447 PMCID: PMC92277 DOI: 10.1128/aem.66.9.4152-4156.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A multivalent, bifunctional flagellum carrying two different adhesive peptides in separate flagellin subunits within a filament was constructed in Escherichia coli. The inserted peptides were the fibronectin-binding 115-mer D repeat region of Staphylococcus aureus and the 302-mer collagen-binding region of YadA of Yersinia enterocolitica. Western blotting, immunoelectron microscopy, and adhesion tests with hybrid flagella from an in trans-complemented DeltafliC E. coli strain showed that individual filaments consisted of both recombinant flagellins.
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Kalendar R, Tanskanen J, Immonen S, Nevo E, Schulman AH. Genome evolution of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) by BARE-1 retrotransposon dynamics in response to sharp microclimatic divergence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:6603-7. [PMID: 10823912 PMCID: PMC18673 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.110587497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The replicative spread of retrotransposons in the genome creates new insertional polymorphisms, increasing retrotransposon numbers and potentially both their share of the genome and genome size. The BARE-1 retrotransposon constitutes a major, dispersed, active component of Hordeum genomes, and BARE-1 number is positively correlated with genome size. We have examined genome size and BARE-1 insertion patterns and number in wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, in Evolution Canyon, Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel, along a transect presenting sharply differing microclimates. BARE-1 has been sufficiently active for its insertional pattern to resolve individuals in a way consonant with their ecogeographical distribution in the canyon and to distinguish them from provenances outside the canyon. On both slopes, but especially on the drier south-facing slope, a simultaneous increase in the BARE-1 copy number and a decrease in the relative number lost through recombination, as measured by the abundance of solo long terminal repeats, appear to have driven the BARE-1 share of the genome upward with the height and dryness of the slope. The lower recombinational loss would favor maintenance of more full-length copies, enhancing the ability of the BARE-1 family to contribute to genome size growth. These local data are consistent with regional trends for BARE-1 in H. spontaneum across Israel and therefore may reflect adaptive selection for increasing genome size through retrotransposon activity.
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Tanskanen J, Pohjola VJ. A robust method for predicting state profiles in a reactive distillation. Comput Chem Eng 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0098-1354(00)00304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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