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Naisby GP, Harris H, Robson K. HILINA: minimising the breast compression time at stereoguided biopsy. Breast Cancer Res 2008. [PMCID: PMC3332621 DOI: 10.1186/bcr2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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Robson K, Wojtczak H, Matteucci M, Griffith E. 90: Can One Hospital Quality Team Make a Difference in the Emergency Department Pediatric Asthma Population? Ann Emerg Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Simpson MA, Verbesey JE, Khettry U, Morin DS, Gordon FD, Burns DL, Robson K, Pomposelli JJ, Jenkins RL, Pomfret EA. Successful algorithm for selective liver biopsy in the right hepatic lobe live donor (RHLD). Am J Transplant 2008; 8:832-8. [PMID: 18261175 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02135.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Routine versus selective predonation liver biopsy (LBx) remains controversial for assuring the safety of right hepatic lobe live donor (RHLD). Between December 1999 and March 2007, 403 potential RHLD were evaluated; 142 donated. Indications for selective LBx were: abnormal liver function tests or imaging studies, body mass index (BMI) >28, history of substance abuse or family history of immune mediated liver disease. All donors had a LBx at the time of surgery. Of 403 potential RLD, 149(36.9%) were accepted as donors, 25(6.3%) had their recipient receive a deceased donor graft, 94(23.4%) were rejected, 52(12.9%) stopped the evaluation process, 76(18.8%) withdrew from the process and 7(1.7%) are currently completing evaluation. Eighty-seven (21.5%) met criteria and were biopsied. Seventy-three (83.9%) had either normal (n = 24) or macrosteatosis <10% (n = 49); 51 of these donated. Abnormal LBx eliminated 15 potential donors. No significant abnormalities were found in donation biopsies of donors not meeting algorithm criteria. Three of 87 (3.4%) had complications requiring overnight admission (2 for pain, 1 for bleeding; transfusion not required). Use of this algorithm resulted in 78% of potential donors avoiding biopsy and potential complications. No significant liver pathology was identified in donors not meeting criteria for evaluation LBx. Routine predonation LBx is unnecessary in potential RHLD.
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Pevalin DJ, Robson K. Social determinants of health inequalities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Public Health 2007; 121:588-95. [PMID: 17475296 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the social determinants of inequalities in health in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the post-conflict period, and to test if the relative effects vary across the two entities of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional data come from the first wave of the Bosnia and Herzegovina Household Panel Study conducted in 2001, which collected data from 7482 respondents aged 17 years and older based on over 3000 households. METHODS Distributions and odds ratios for physical limitations and poor mental well-being were calculated over a number of known social determinants. Multivariate logistic regression and t-tests were used to compare risks across entities within the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. RESULTS The prevalence of poor mental well-being and physical limitations was significantly higher in the Republika Srpska. Significant differences in poor mental well-being and physical limitations were observed across most determinants within each entity, but only a few of these relative effects differed between entities. CONCLUSIONS Efforts to tackle absolute differences in poor health between the entities within Bosnia and Herzegovina should be pursued, along with reducing social inequalities.
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Grill J, Lowis S, Frappaz D, Michalski A, Picton S, Jouvet A, Robson K, Jaspan T, Couanet D, Le Deley M. Phase II study of the combination of cisplatin + temozolomide in malignant glial tumours in children and adolescents at diagnosis or in relapse (cistem2/nct00147160). J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9543 Background: Temozolomide has been shown moderately effective in pediatric high-grade glioma (HGG). By decreasing the activity of MGMT, principal mechanism of resistance to temozolomide, cisplatin may increase the activity of this alkylating agent. Methods: Patients aged 4 to 21y with HGG outside the brainstem were treated at diagnosis or at relapse every 28 days with a combination of cisplatin 80 mg/m2 intravenously on day-1 and temozolomide 200 mg/m2 orally on days 2–6, according to the pediatric phase I recommendations. Patients treated at diagnosis had to proceed to involved field radiotherapy after the chemotherapy window. According to initial response, patients were offered additional courses, up to seven. We considered that this combination would be of interest if the response rate was superior or equal to 20%, using a two-stage Simon design in 3 cohorts: evaluable non measurable (infiltrative) at diagnosis (cohort A1); measurable disease (nodular) at diagnosis (A2); recurrent disease (B). The primary endpoint was complete or partial response after two courses, confirmed by central review. Up to 29 evaluable pts were to be entered in each cohort. If fewer than 4/29 responses were observed, it would be concluded that the combination is ineffective. Results: 56 pts were entered from 10/2003 through 07/2006 in 25 centers. One was excluded after central pathology review and 3 due to insufficient radiology work-out. 42 had grade III and 13 grade IV gliomas, including 21 tumors with oligodendroglial features. No response was observed in the first 11 pts in cohort A1 and in the first 12 pts in cohort B. Two partial and 4 minor responses were confirmed in 29 pts of cohort A2 leading to a 7% response rate (95% CI, 1–23%). Median time to progression was 1.7, 7.1 and 6.9 months in cohorts A1, A2 and B, respectively. Toxicity was manageable except in pts with large infiltrative lesions who did not tolerate hydration. Conclusion: CISTEM combination has insufficient efficacy in pediatric compared to adult HGG despite efficient down-regulation of MGMT activity. To overcome resistance to temozolomide in children and adolescents, one may need to target other known resistance mechanisms such as mismatch-repair deficiency. [Table: see text]
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Schuman SI, Lambrou N, Robson K, Glück S, Myriounis N, Pearson J, Alvarez E, Crisp MP, Twiggs LB, Lucci JA. Safety and efficacy of pegfilgrastim administration on the same day as myelosuppressive chemotherapy (CT) in women with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
16009 Background: According to prescribing information, pegfilgrastim should not be administered within 14 days prior to, or within 24 hours after, the administration of cytotoxic CT. However, little data exist to support this recommendation. The purpose of the current study is to determine the safety and efficacy of administering pegfilgrastim on the same day as myelosuppressive CT in patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal carcinoma. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer patients that received prophylactic pegfilgrastim on the same day as CT from May 2003 to June 2006. Results: Forty-six patients (mean age: 57, range: 21–82) were treated for the following malignancies: 35 (76%) epithelial ovarian, 6 (13%) primary peritoneal, and 5 (11.0%) ovarian germ cell or stromal cell carcinoma. Twenty-six patients (56%) had primary cancers and 20 (44 %) had recurrent disease. All patients met the ASCO or NCCN recommendations of using colony-stimulating factors for prophylaxis against febrile neutropenia (FN) (Risk of FN > 20%). A total of 269 cycles of CT were administered including 125 cycles (46.5%) docetaxel + carboplatin, 39 cycles (14.5%) gemcitabine + platinum, 30 cycles (11.1%) intravenous paclitaxel + carboplatin, 28 cycles (10.4%) liposomal doxorubicin, 19 cycles (7.1%) paclitaxel + intraperitoneal platinum, 6 cycles (2.2%) docetaxel, 6 cycles (2.2%) liposomal doxorubicin + cisplatin, 5 cycles (2%) bleomycin + etoposide + cisplatin, 4 cycles (1.5%) topotecan, 3 cycles (1.1%) of paclitaxel, 2 cycles (0.7%) vincristine + actinomycin-D + cyclophosphamide, and 2 cycles (0.7%) docetaxel + gemcitabine. All patients received pegfilgrastim within one hour of the completion of CT administration. Grade 1 or 2 neutropenia developed in 10 cycles (3.7%) out of the 269 cycles, mean absolute neutrophil count = 4926 (range, 1293 -24300). No patients had FN episodes, hospitalizations or antibiotic use secondary to neutropenia, or dose-reductions and CT delays due to neutropenia. Conclusions: Administration of pegfilgrastim on the same day as CT in ovarian and primary peritoneal cancer patients is more convenient to the patient and appears safe and effective. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Dolo A, Poudiougo B, Modiano D, Camara F, Kouriba B, Diallo M, Bosman A, Crisanti A, Robson K, Doumbo O. [Epidemiology of malaria in a village of Sudanese savannah in Mali (Bancoumana). Anti-TRAP and anti-CS humoral immunity response]. BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE DE PATHOLOGIE EXOTIQUE (1990) 2003; 96:287-90. [PMID: 14717043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine development research is an important component of malaria control strategies. Thrombospondin related anonymous protein (TRAP) and the circumsporozoite (CS) protein are two antigens of sporozoite surface. Immune response to these two antigens may contribute to the development of anti-sporozoite vaccine. Recent studies suggest that antibodies anti-TRAP may partially block sporozoites penetration in hepatocyte, and thereby reducing malaria morbidity. We carried out a study to assess the seroprevalence of anti-TRAP and anti-CS antibodies and to identify a possible role of these antibodies on malaria morbidity in children 1-9 years old living in a rural hyperendemic village. We performed 5 cross sectional surveys and a longitudinal follow up in 1993 and 1994. During each cross sectional study, children were examined for fever and splenomegaly; all febrile children received thick film examination, and serologic analysis was performed in one third of these, randomly selected. The results show that the seroprevalence of anti-TRAP and anti-CS varied with age and season (p < 0.05). Association between the prevalence of anti-TRAP and splenomegaly was observed during two cross sectional surveys (June and October 1993). The presence of anti-TRAP antibody was associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection at the beginning of the transmission season (June 1993 and July 1994). A negative association between the level of anti-TRAP title and parasitemia was observed (March and October 1994). These findings suggest no clear evidence of the protective role of anti-TRAP antibodies in uncomplicated malaria, possibly due to the limited persistence of these antibodies under natural situations.
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Lashford LS, Thiesse P, Jouvet A, Jaspan T, Couanet D, Griffiths PD, Doz F, Ironside J, Robson K, Hobson R, Dugan M, Pearson ADJ, Vassal G, Frappaz D. Temozolomide in malignant gliomas of childhood: a United Kingdom Children's Cancer Study Group and French Society for Pediatric Oncology Intergroup Study. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20:4684-91. [PMID: 12488414 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2002.08.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the response rate of the malignant gliomas of childhood to an oral, daily schedule of temozolomide. PATIENTS AND METHODS A multicenter, phase II evaluation of an oral, daily schedule of temozolomide (200 mg/m(2) on 5 consecutive days) was undertaken in children with relapsed or progressive, biopsy-proven, high-grade glioma (arm A) and progressive, diffuse, intrinsic brainstem glioma (arm B). Evidence of activity was defined by radiologic evidence of a sustained reduction in tumor size on serial magnetic resonance imaging scans. RESULTS Fifty-five patients were recruited (34 to arm A and 21 to arm B) and received 215 cycles of chemotherapy. Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia was the most frequent toxic event (7% of cycles). Prolonged myelosuppression resulted in significant treatment delays and dose reductions (17% and 22% of cycles, respectively). Two toxic deaths were documented and were related to myelosuppression and sepsis in one patient and pneumonia in a second. The overall (best) response rate was 12% for arm A (95% confidence interval [CI], 3 to 28 in the study cohort, and 2 to 31 for eligible patients) and 5% and 6%, respectively, for arm B (95% CI, 0 to 26 in the study cohort, and 0 to 27 for eligible patients). Stabilization of disease was also documented and was most noteworthy for brainstem gliomas, where two patients achieved both radiologic static disease and discontinued steroid medication. CONCLUSION Despite moderate toxicity, objective response rates to temozolomide have been low, indicating that temozolomide has minimal activity in the high-grade gliomas of childhood.
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Brosnan M, Demetre J, Hamill S, Robson K, Shepherd H, Cody G. Executive functioning in adults and children with developmental dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 2002; 40:2144-55. [PMID: 12208010 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The performance of developmentally dyslexic children and adults was studied upon a range of tasks that involved executive functioning. Both adult and child samples of dyslexics were found to under-perform on the group-embedded figures test. This test required the identification of constituent parts from within complex visual arrays, with good performance necessitating the inhibition of the processing of the surrounding context. A general deficit on visual-spatial tasks was eliminated as an explanation as dyslexics performed normally upon a range of other non-verbal assessments. The dyslexics consistently demonstrated a deficit in digit span tasks, a decrement that was increased with distractors, again suggesting difficulties in inhibiting the processing of the surrounding context. A deficit was also identified upon a verbal fluency task without a deficit in vocabulary level. Additionally, a specific deficit in the recollection of the temporal order of the presentation of items was in evidence, without a deficit in the recognition of the items themselves. The findings taken as a whole suggest that dyslexic individuals show deficiencies in executive functions relating to inhibition of distractors and to sequencing of events, a set of tasks associated with left prefrontal cortex functioning in the acquired neuropsychology literature.
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Buxton N, Davis G, Robertson JA, Jaspan T, Lenthall RK, Cooper AD, Robson K. Third ventricular plasma-cell lesion with delayed intraventricular transudation of contrast medium. Neuroradiology 2001; 43:750-4. [PMID: 11594425 DOI: 10.1007/s002340100568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We report a patient presenting with hydrocephalus secondary to a posterior third ventricular plasma-cell lesion which exhibited delayed transudation of contrast medium into the adjacent aqueduct and fourth ventricle.
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Marshall NW, Faulkner K, Kotre CJ, Robson K. Analysis of variations in contrast-detail measurements performed on image intensifier-television systems. Phys Med Biol 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/37/12/011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Shenoy MU, Robson K, Broderick N, Kapila L. Congenital small bowel diverticulosis and intestinal atresia: a rare association. J Pediatr Surg 2000; 35:636-7. [PMID: 10770404 DOI: 10.1053/jpsu.2000.0350636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An unusual case of multiple intestinal atresias with multiple small bowel diverticulae is presented. To the best of our knowledge this is the first reported case of its kind in the literature.
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Abstract
The pathophysiology of achalasia is not completely understood. Several reports have suggested that esophageal motility disorders may progress from one type to another. We report a patient with symptoms and esophageal motility findings consistent with gastroesophageal reflux who subsequently developed a diffuse esophageal spasm and then achalasia. We believe this to be the first report showing such a progression in esophageal motility.
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Shenoy MU, Singh SJ, Robson K, Stewart RJ. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a rare cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. MEDICAL AND PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY 2000; 34:70-1. [PMID: 10611593 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(200001)34:1<70::aid-mpo17>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Capra ML, Walker DA, Mohammed WM, Kapila L, Barbor PR, Sokal M, Robson K, Hewitt M, Stewart R. Wilms' tumor: a 25-year review of the role of preoperative chemotherapy. J Pediatr Surg 1999; 34:579-82. [PMID: 10235327 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3468(99)90078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This 25-year population based, single institution review was conducted to investigate the impact of preoperative chemotherapy on surgical and histological staging in patients with Wilms' tumors. RESULTS Forty-nine patients under the age of 15 years were identified from case notes to have had histologically verified Wilms' tumors over the 25-year period from January 1972 to December 1996. Twenty-six patients were treated initially with preoperative chemotherapy, 23 with immediate surgery. Eleven had treatment randomized within the UKCCSG WT9101 trial (UKWT3), and the remainder received initial treatment according to unit policy. Surgical stages in the two groups (preoperative chemotherapy and immediate surgery) were respectively, stage 1:14(28.5%) and 11 (22.5%), stage II: one (2%) and eight (16.3%), stage III: 11 (22.5%) and four (8.2%). Seven patients had clinical stage IV disease at presentation. Histology results were favorable in 45 patients and unfavorable in four. All patients received chemotherapy during treatment, whereas 25 (51%) also received radiotherapy. No significant difference was evident in the two groups with respect to treatment-related morbidity. Five patients relapsed, three of whom died within the period of review, but a fourth has since died. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the use of preoperative chemotherapy does not put the patient at increased risk of postoperative morbidity or reduced survival. The distribution of surgical stages suggests that limited tumor downstaging may have occurred as a result of preoperative chemotherapy.
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Robson K. Donkey work. NURSING TIMES 1999; 95:64-6. [PMID: 10085965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Bame KJ, Robson K. Heparanases produce distinct populations of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:2245-51. [PMID: 8999930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Once internalized, cell-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans are degraded to short glycosaminoglycans by the action of endoglycosidases or heparanases. We have begun to address the question of how many heparanases are responsible for this process by analyzing short heparan sulfate chains produced in vivo by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell heparanases. Short heparan sulfate chains were purified from CHO cells and labeled at the reducing end with [3H]NaBH4. Hydrolysis of the chains to monosaccharides and analysis of the 3H-sugar alcohols indicate that heparanase activities in CHO cells are endo-beta-glucuronidases. The modification state of the heparanase-derived glycosaminoglycans was examined by treating the [3H]heparan sulfate chains with nitrous acid or bacterial heparin lyases, which cut the chain at specific sequences, and analyzing the products by P2 gel filtration chromatography. Two populations of short chains were identified that differ in the extent of modification on the nonreducing side of the heparanase cleavage site. One class of chains is unmodified for at least 9 residues from the reducing end, while the other group has a modified domain within 3-7 residues from the heparanase cleavage site. Our results suggest a model of heparanase action where the enzymes recognize differences in sulfate content between modified and unmodified regions and bind to sites that encompass both domains. The enzymes then cleave the glycosaminoglycan at junctions between the modified and unmodified sequences to produce the different populations of short heparan sulfate chains.
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Edwards S, Lennox G, Robson K, Whiteley A. Hypothermia due to hypothalamic involvement in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 61:419-20. [PMID: 8890787 PMCID: PMC486590 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.61.4.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Stirling R, Pitts J, Galloway NR, Robson K, Newbury-Ecob R. Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy associated with nail hypoplasia. Br J Ophthalmol 1994; 78:77-8. [PMID: 8110708 PMCID: PMC504700 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.78.1.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Lim KL, Robson K, Powell RJ. Focal myositis: an unusual cause of bilateral upper eyelid swellings. Postgrad Med J 1993; 69:876-8. [PMID: 8290436 PMCID: PMC2399943 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.69.817.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Focal myositis is considered a rare self-limiting inflammatory swelling of skeletal muscle. Focal involvement of individual muscle or muscle groups with severe myopathic and inflammatory changes characterizes the histology. We report the development of progressive focal myositis in both upper eyelids of a 34 year old man that responded to immunosuppressive therapy.
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Cowan G, Krishna S, Crisanti A, Robson K. Expression of thrombospondin-related anonymous protein in Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Lancet 1992; 339:1412-3. [PMID: 1350818 DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Robertson CS, Womack C, Robson K, Morris DL. A study of the local toxicity of agents used for variceal injection sclerotherapy. HPB SURGERY : A WORLD JOURNAL OF HEPATIC, PANCREATIC AND BILIARY SURGERY 1989; 1:149-52; discussion 153-4. [PMID: 2487061 PMCID: PMC2423512 DOI: 10.1155/1989/79120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Injection sclerotherapy is widely used in the treatment of oesophageal varices. However, few studies have compared the local toxicity of sclerosant agents which may be important if serious local complications are to be avoided. In this study the depth of injury caused by submucosal injection of increasing concentrations of sodium tetradecyl sulphate, polidocanol, 5% ethanolamine oleate and 5% varicosid in rabbits stomach, has been compared by histopathological examination. Macroscopic ulceration was seen in 14.6% of injection sites. Increasing concentrations of sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol produced increasingly extensive microscopic inflammation. Five percent varicosid caused more inflammation than 5% ethanolamine and only 3% polidocanol and 5% varicosid caused full thickness inflammation. Only 5% ethanolamine produced inflammation consistently confined to the mucosa and submucosa. On the basis of this study we feel that 5% ethanolamine is the most suitable agent for injection sclerotherapy.
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Robson K, Whitfield AG. Baldwin Hamey Junior--ninth Registrar. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON 1979; 13:189-92. [PMID: 393814 PMCID: PMC5373287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kumar R, Robson K. Previous induced abortion and ante-natal depression in primiparae: preliminary report of a survey of mental health in pregnancy. Psychol Med 1978; 8:711-715. [PMID: 724880 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700018912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and nineteen primiparae, who were routinely attending ante-natal clinics, were interviewed repeatedly between the 12th and 36th weeks of their pregnancies. The incidence of depression was highest in the first trimester and, overall, about a fifth of the sample was found to be suffering from clinically significant neurotic disturbances. In a proportion of these expectant mothers there was an association between depression and anxiety early in pregnancy and a previous history of induced abortion; this phenomenon may reflect a reactivation of mourning which was previously suppressed.
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