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Xiong W, Gasparian A, Gao H, Dutta D, Khandaker M, Liyanage N, Pasyuk E, Peng C, Bai X, Ye L, Gnanvo K, Gu C, Levillain M, Yan X, Higinbotham DW, Meziane M, Ye Z, Adhikari K, Aljawrneh B, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Brock J, Burkert V, Carlin C, Deur A, Di D, Dunne J, Ekanayaka P, El-Fassi L, Emmich B, Gan L, Glamazdin O, Kabir ML, Karki A, Keith C, Kowalski S, Lagerquist V, Larin I, Liu T, Liyanage A, Maxwell J, Meekins D, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen H, Pedroni R, Perdrisat C, Pierce J, Punjabi V, Shabestari M, Shahinyan A, Silwal R, Stepanyan S, Subedi A, Tarasov VV, Ton N, Zhang Y, Zhao ZW. A small proton charge radius from an electron-proton scattering experiment. Nature 2019; 575:147-150. [PMID: 31695211 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Elastic electron-proton scattering (e-p) and the spectroscopy of hydrogen atoms are the two methods traditionally used to determine the proton charge radius, rp. In 2010, a new method using muonic hydrogen atoms1 found a substantial discrepancy compared with previous results2, which became known as the 'proton radius puzzle'. Despite experimental and theoretical efforts, the puzzle remains unresolved. In fact, there is a discrepancy between the two most recent spectroscopic measurements conducted on ordinary hydrogen3,4. Here we report on the proton charge radius experiment at Jefferson Laboratory (PRad), a high-precision e-p experiment that was established after the discrepancy was identified. We used a magnetic-spectrometer-free method along with a windowless hydrogen gas target, which overcame several limitations of previous e-p experiments and enabled measurements at very small forward-scattering angles. Our result, rp = 0.831 ± 0.007stat ± 0.012syst femtometres, is smaller than the most recent high-precision e-p measurement5 and 2.7 standard deviations smaller than the average of all e-p experimental results6. The smaller rp we have now measured supports the value found by two previous muonic hydrogen experiments1,7. In addition, our finding agrees with the revised value (announced in 2019) for the Rydberg constant8-one of the most accurately evaluated fundamental constants in physics.
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McDermott D, Vaishampayan U, Matrana M, Rha S, Saavedra AZ, Ho T, Keam B, Lee JL, Joseph R, Ali S, Stadler W, Haas N, Sundararajan S, Park S, Mowat R, Picus J, Dudek A, Zakharia Y, Gan L, Atkins M. Safety and efficacy of the oral CXCR4 inhibitor X4P-001 + axitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients: An analysis of subgroup responses by prior treatment. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ali A, Amaryan M, Anassontzis EG, Austregesilo A, Baalouch M, Barbosa F, Barlow J, Barnes A, Barriga E, Beattie TD, Berdnikov VV, Black T, Boeglin W, Boer M, Briscoe WJ, Britton T, Brooks WK, Cannon BE, Cao N, Chudakov E, Cole S, Cortes O, Crede V, Dalton MM, Daniels T, Deur A, Dobbs S, Dolgolenko A, Dotel R, Dugger M, Dzhygadlo R, Egiyan H, Ernst A, Eugenio P, Fanelli C, Fegan S, Foda AM, Foote J, Frye J, Furletov S, Gan L, Gasparian A, Gauzshtein V, Gevorgyan N, Gleason C, Goetzen K, Goncalves A, Goryachev VS, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Hamdi A, Han S, Hardin J, Huber GM, Hurley A, Ireland DG, Ito MM, Jarvis NS, Jones RT, Kakoyan V, Kalicy G, Kamel M, Kourkoumelis C, Kuleshov S, Kuznetsov I, Larin I, Lawrence D, Lersch DI, Li H, Li W, Liu B, Livingston K, Lolos GJ, Lyubovitskij V, Mack D, Marukyan H, Matveev V, McCaughan M, McCracken M, McGinley W, McIntyre J, Meyer CA, Miskimen R, Mitchell RE, Mokaya F, Nerling F, Ng L, Ostrovidov AI, Papandreou Z, Patsyuk M, Pauli P, Pedroni R, Pentchev L, Peters KJ, Phelps W, Pooser E, Qin N, Reinhold J, Ritchie BG, Robison L, Romanov D, Romero C, Salgado C, Schertz AM, Schumacher RA, Schwiening J, Seth KK, Shen X, Shepherd MR, Smith ES, Sober DI, Somov A, Somov S, Soto O, Stevens JR, Strakovsky II, Suresh K, Tarasov V, Taylor S, Teymurazyan A, Thiel A, Vasileiadis G, Werthmüller D, Whitlatch T, Wickramaarachchi N, Williams M, Xiao T, Yang Y, Zarling J, Zhang Z, Zhao G, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zihlmann B. First Measurement of Near-Threshold J/ψ Exclusive Photoproduction off the Proton. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:072001. [PMID: 31491124 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.072001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report on the measurement of the γp→J/ψp cross section from E_{γ}=11.8 GeV down to the threshold at 8.2 GeV using a tagged photon beam with the GlueX experiment. We find that the total cross section falls toward the threshold less steeply than expected from two-gluon exchange models. The differential cross section dσ/dt has an exponential slope of 1.67±0.39 GeV^{-2} at 10.7 GeV average energy. The LHCb pentaquark candidates P_{c}^{+} can be produced in the s channel of this reaction. We see no evidence for them and set model-dependent upper limits on their branching fractions B(P_{c}^{+}→J/ψp) and cross sections σ(γp→P_{c}^{+})×B(P_{c}^{+}→J/ψp).
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Han B, Zhao G, Wang Y, Song Y, Li W, Yang G, Deng M, Sui X, Gan L, Sun Z, Wang Y. VASCULAR DEMENTIA IN CHRONIC CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION: A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED AND CONTROLLED STUDY. Chest 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nie W, Xu MD, Gan L, Zhang Y, Han BH. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with low tumor mutation burden might derive benefit from anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1 and anti-programmed deathligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz063.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zewdie E, Ciechanski P, Kuo H, Giuffre A, Kahl C, King R, Cole L, Grant H, Seeger T, Damji O, Hodge J, Selby B, Gan L, Barlow K, MacMaster F, Kirton A. Safety and tolerability of non-invasive neurostimulation in children. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Lang S, Gan L, Alrazi T, Monchi O. High definition transcranial alternating current stimulation of the right fusiform cortex improves visual associative memory. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Kirton A, Zewdie E, Gan L, Selby B, MacMaster F, Monchi O. The Non-invasive Neurostimulation Network (N3): Shared institutional infrastructure to accelerate brain stimulation research. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Gan L, Wang F. microRNA-16-5p enhances radiosensitivity through modulating cyclin D1/E1–pRb–E2F1 pathway in prostate cancer cells. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz029.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ding W, Li X, Wu W, He H, Li Y, Gao L, Gan L, Wang M, Ou S, Liu J. [Aliskiren inhibits angiotensin II/angiotensin 1-7(Ang II/Ang1-7) signal pathway in rats with diabetic nephropathy]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 34:891-895. [PMID: 30554582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of aliskiren (AL) in the angiotensinII/ angiotensin 1-7 (AngII/Ang1-7) signal pathway in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups including normal group, diabetes group, AL group and valsartan (Val) group. Animal models of diabetes were induced by high fat diet combined with small dose of streptozotocin injection. Rats in AL group were administered 50 mg/(kg.d) AL by gavage, and rats in Val group were administered 30 mg/(kg.d)Val by gavage. 24-hour urine protein (24 h-UP) were observed by Coomassie blue colorimetry at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after modeling, serum creatinine was detected by automatic biochemical analyser, kidney index [kidneys mass(g)/body mass (kg)] was measured. HE and PAS staining were used to observe renal pathological changes. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of ACE2, MAS receptor, AT1R and AT2R in the kidney. Results After 6 weeks of modeling, there was no significant difference in creatinine level among groups. The levels of glucose, 24 h-UP and kidney index in diabetes group, AL group and Val group significantly increased. Compared with diabetes group, the levels of 24 h-UP and kidney index were lower in AL group and Val group. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of AT2R and ACE2 was lower and the expression of MAS receptor was higher in AL group than diabetes group and Val group. Compared to normal group and Val group, AT1R expression was significantly up-regulated in AL group, without significant difference between diabetes group and AL group. Conclusion AL down-regulates the expression of AT2R and ACE2, thus inhibits the AngII/ Ang1-7 signal axis and improves/alleviates the symptoms in diabetic rats.
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Choueiri T, Atkins M, Rose T, Alter R, Tsiroyannis E, Niland K, Wang Y, Parasuraman S, Gan L, McDermott D. A phase Ia/IIb trial of the CXCR4 inhibitor X4P-001 and nivolumab for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that is unresponsive to nivolumab monotherapy. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy288.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wei X, Wu W, Li L, Lin J, Liu Q, Gan L, Ou S. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins 2/4 Are Upregulated during the Early Development of Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8371604. [PMID: 29850574 PMCID: PMC5925148 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8371604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a main cause of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study aimed to investigate the role of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway in the early development of vascular calcification in CKD. A CKD vascular calcification rat model was established by providing rats with a 1.8% high-phosphorus diet and an intragastric administration of 2.5% adenine suspension. The kidney and aortic pathologies were analyzed. Blood biochemical indicators, serum BMP-2 and BMP-4 levels, and aortic calcium content were determined. The expression levels of BMP-2, BMP-4, bone morphogenetic protein receptor-IA (BMPR-IA), and matrix Gla protein (MGP) in aorta were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Compared with the normal control (Nor) rats, the CKD rats exhibited a significantly decreased body weight and an increased kidney weight as well as abnormal renal function and calcium-phosphorus metabolism. Aortic von Kossa and Alizarin red staining showed massive granular deposition and formation of calcified nodules in aorta at 8 weeks. The aortic calcium content was significantly increased, which was positively correlated with the serum BMP-2 (r = 0.929; P < 0.01) and serum BMP-4 (r = 0.702; P < 0.01) levels in CKD rats. The rat aortic BMP-2 mRNA level in the CKD rats was persistently increased, and the BMP-4 mRNA level was prominently increased at the 4th week, declining thereafter. Strong staining of BMP-2, BMP-4, BMPR-IA, and MGP proteins was observed in the tunica media of the aorta from the 4th week after model induction. In conclusion, activation of the BMP signaling pathway is involved in the early development of vascular calcification in CKD. Therefore, elevated serum BMP-2 and BMP-4 levels may serve as serum markers for CKD vascular calcification.
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Wen L, Wu W, Li L, Gan L, Ou S. [Analysis on clinical features and risk factors of death in 210 patients with acute mushroom poisoning]. ZHONGHUA WEI ZHONG BING JI JIU YI XUE 2018; 30:72-77. [PMID: 29308762 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical features and risk factors of death in patients with acute mushroom poisonings. METHODS The clinical data of 210 patients with acute mushroom poisoning admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from July 2013 to December 2016 and received follow-up for at least 6 months were retrospectively analyzed. The data included gender, age, hospitalization time, toadstool features, incubation period, clinical performance, laboratory indicators, and prognosis. According to the prognosis, the patients were divided into survival group and non-survival group, the clinical characteristics and organ or system involvement of the two groups were analyzed, and the risk factors of death in patients with acute mushroom poisoning were explored by univariate and Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS All 210 patients were enrolled in the final analysis, with 172 patients (81.9%) in survival group, and 38 (18.1%) in non-survival group. Patients with an incubation period of 6-24 hours had the highest mortality [15.2% (32/210)]. Most toadstools were in white, red or yellow, with an intake of 20-500 g. More than 85% of patients had gastrointestinal reactions, and liver damage was the most common [58.1% (122/210)] in all patients. The patients with heart and nervous system damage had higher mortality [61.4% (27/44) and 61.3% (19/31)], and the more organs or systems involved, the higher the mortality was. Univariate analysis showed that incubation period ≥ 6 hours, white blood cell (WBC) ≥12×109/L, alanine aminotransferase (ALT)≥200 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥ 200 U/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥ 500 U/L, prothrombin time (PT) ≥ 20 s, activated partial thrombin time (APTT) ≥ 40 s, prothrombin activity (PTA) ≤ 60%, Na+ ≤ 135 mmol/L, MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) ≥ 5 μg/L and myoglobin (Mb) ≥ 100 μg/L were the risk factors of death in patients with acute mushroom poisoning. Multiple factors Logistic regression analysis showed that APTT ≥ 40 s had the greatest lethal risk and could increase the risk of death by 5.35 times [odds ratio (OR) = 6.35, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.24-32.44], indicating that APTT was an independent risk factor of death in patients with acute mushroom poisoning. CONCLUSIONS The mortality of acute mushroom poisoning was high, and liver was the mainly involved organ. The incubation period, WBC, ALT, AST, LDH, PT, APTT, PTA, Na+, CK-MB and Mb could be early indicators to evaluate the prognosis in patients with acute mushroom poisoning, and patients with APTT ≥ 40 s had the greatest lethal risk.
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Yu W, Gan L, Wu J, Sun J, Jiang Y. Dowling-Degos disease with mutation in the exon 1 of the keratin 5 gene. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gan L, Meng J, Xu M, Liu M, Qi Y, Tan C, Wang Y, Zhang P, Weng W, Sheng W, Huang M, Wang Z. Extracellular matrix protein 1 promotes cell metastasis and glucose metabolism by inducing integrin β4/FAK/SOX2/HIF-1α signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2017; 37:744-755. [PMID: 29059156 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) is related to strong invasiveness and poor prognosis in major malignancies, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we aimed to elucidate the function of ECM1 on cell metastasis and glucose metabolism in gastric cancer (GC). The level of ECM1 in sera and tissues of patient with GC were positively correlated with tumor invasion and recurrence. Genetic manipulation of ECM1 expression affected cell metastasis and glucose metabolism in GC cell lines. Enhanced ECM1 expression facilitated gene expression levels associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and glucose metabolism. Interestingly, our results indicated that ECM1 directly interacted with integrin β4 (ITGB4) and activated ITGB4/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β signaling pathway, which further induced the expression of transcription factor SOX2. Aberrant expression of SOX2 altered gene expression of EMT factors and glucose metabolism enzymes. Furthermore, SOX2 enhanced hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-1α) promoter activity to regulate glucose metabolism. The micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of xenograft model showed that ECM1 substantially increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in xenograft tumors. Using in vivo mouse tail vein injection experiments, ECM1 was also found to increase in lung surface metastasis. These findings provide evidence that ECM1 regulates GC cell metastasis and glucose metabolism by inducing ITGB4/FAK/SOX2/HIF-1α signal pathway and have important implications for the development of therapeutic target to prevent tumor metastasis and recurrence.
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McDermott D, Joseph R, Ho T, Vaishampayan U, Ali S, Matrana M, Alter R, Edenfield J, Blanchette S, Gan L, Atkins M. A Phase (Ph) 1 dose finding study of X4P-001 (an oral CXCR4 inhibitor) and axitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx371.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gan L, Duan H, Wang S, Xu Q, Tang YQ. [Expression of ER and PR in the endometrium of patients with intrauterine adhesions]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2017; 52:47-52. [PMID: 28190315 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the expression of ER and PR in the endometrium of both intrauterine adhesions (IUA) and non-IUA specimens. Methods: The endometrium specimens from patients undergoing hysteroscopy for confirmed moderate IUA (n=20: 10 in proliferative phase, and 10 in secretory phase) were enrolled as the IUA group in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from October 2014 to August 2015. The specimens scheduled for hysteroscopy due to infertility were recruited into the control group (n=26: 13 in proliferative phase, and 13 in secretory phase). Immunohistochemistry and quantificational real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR in endometrium with different menstrual period in both groups. Results: (1) Location: in both groups, the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR appeared in the endometrial glandular epithelial cells and the stromal cells of the endometrium. The positive brown granules of ER-α, ER-β and PR appeared mainly in cell nucleus. (2) ER-α and ER-β in the endometrium: the protein expression of ER-α and ER-β in IUA group (proliferative phase: 0.657±0.028, 0.493±0.023; secretory phase: 0.537±0.020, 0.365±0.031) were significantly higher than those of control group (proliferative phase: 0.586±0.025, 0.437±0.022; secretory phase: 0.459±0.025, 0.323±0.017; all P<0.01). And the ER-α and ER-β mRNA expressions in IUA group were 2.524±0.296, 1.947±0.339, higher than those of control group in the proliferative phase (all P<0.01), and in the secretory phase (1.977±0.333, 1.345±0.292) were also higher than those in the control group (all P<0.01). (3) PR in the endometrium: the protein expression of PR was not significantly different between IUA group (proliferative phase: 0.248±0.025, secretory phase: 0.194±0.024) and control group (proliferative phase: 0.234±0.019, secretory phase: 0.186±0.020; P=0.162, 0.359). Meanwhile, there were no statistical differences in the mRNA expression of PR in both groups with different menstrual period (proliferative phase: 1.144±0.384 versus 0.981±0.306, secretory phase: 0.763±0.237 versus 0.631±0.203; P=0.270, 0.166). (4) ER and PR expression in menstrual cycles: the expression of ER-α, ER-β and PR in the IUA group changed with the menstrual cycles, and their expression in the proliferative phase were higher than those in the secretory phase (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The expression of ER-α and ER-β in the endometrium of IUA patients changes with menstrual cycle, and are higher compared with those in normal endometrium. No difference is found in the PR expression between the two groups.
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Gong C, Li L, Qin C, Wu W, Liu Q, Li Y, Gan L, Ou S. The Involvement of Notch1-RBP-Jk/Msx2 Signaling Pathway in Aortic Calcification of Diabetic Nephropathy Rats. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:8968523. [PMID: 29464183 PMCID: PMC5804331 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8968523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the changes in expression of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) markers and osteogenic markers, as well as the involvement of Notch1-RBP-Jk/Msx2 pathway in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy (DN) with vascular calcification. METHODS A rat model of DN with concomitant vascular calcification was created by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin followed by administration of vitamin D3 and nicotine. Biochemical analysis and histological examination of aortic tissue were performed. VSMC markers and osteogenic markers as well as target molecules in Notch1-RBP-Jk/Msx2 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS Serum calcium and phosphorus levels were significantly increased in model rats as compared to that in normal controls. Diabetic rats with vascular calcification exhibited mineral deposits in aortic intima-media accompanied by decreased expression of VSMC markers and increased expression of osteogenic markers. Notch1, RBP-Jk, Msx2, Jagged1, and N1-ICD were barely expressed in the aortic wall of normal rats. In contrast, these were significantly increased in the model group at all time points (8, 12, and 16 weeks), as compared to that in the normal rats. CONCLUSION Activation of the Notch1-RBP-Jk/Msx2 signaling pathway may be involved in the development and progression of vascular calcification in DN.
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Prasad B, Gaedigk A, Vrana M, Gaedigk R, Leeder JS, Salphati L, Chu X, Xiao G, Hop C, Evers R, Gan L, Unadkat JD. Ontogeny of Hepatic Drug Transporters as Quantified by LC-MS/MS Proteomics. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:362-70. [PMID: 27301780 PMCID: PMC5017908 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein expression of major hepatic uptake and efflux drug transporters in human pediatric (n = 69) and adult (n = 41) livers was quantified by liquid chromatography / tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). Transporter protein expression of OCT1, OATP1B3, P-gp, and MRP3 was age-dependent. Particularly, significant differences were observed in transporter expression (P < 0.05) between the following age groups: neonates vs. adults (OCT1, OATP1B3, P-gp), neonates or infants vs. adolescents and/or adults (OCT1, OATP1B3, and P-gp), infants vs. children (OATP1B3 and P-gp), and adolescents vs. adults (MRP3). OCT1 showed the largest increase, of almost 5-fold, in protein expression with age. Ontogenic expression of OATP1B1 was confounded by genotype and was revealed only in livers harboring SLCO1B1*1A/*1A. In livers >1 year, tissues harboring SLCO1B1*14/*1A showed 2.5-fold higher (P < 0.05) protein expression than SLCO1B1*15/*1A. Integration of these ontogeny data in physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models will be a crucial step in predicting hepatic drug disposition in children.
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Ali N, Xue Y, Gan L, Liu J, Long M. Purification, characterization, gene cloning and sequencing of a new β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger BE-2. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683816050045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ou S, He H, Qu L, Wu W, Gan L, Liu J. Renal pathology in patients with occupational exposure to carbon disulphide: A case series. Nephrology (Carlton) 2016; 22:755-760. [PMID: 27414474 DOI: 10.1111/nep.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Carbon disulphide (CS2 ) is widely used as an organic solvent. However, there is little information available regarding the clinical manifestations and the pathological features of kidney injury caused by CS2 . The current study aimed to describe the renal manifestations of a group of patients with long-term occupational exposure to CS2 . METHODS Ten patients with long-term exposure to CS2 and visiting a single centre were enrolled, with their clinical features recorded. Renal biopsies were taken from all patients, and their pathological findings were documented. RESULTS All patients came from the same chemical fibre factory. Their mean age at enrollment was 36.9 ± 2.4 years, and each patient had a CS2 exposure duration exceeding 10 years. Eight patients (80%) presented with proteinuria and none had hematuria. Two patients (20%) had underlying hypertension and five (50%) had increased serum creatinine levels. Light microscopic examination of their renal biopsy specimens revealed diffuse mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial hyperplasia in all patients. Moreover, three patients (30%) had nodular hyperplasia, resembling the lesions of diabetic nephropathy. Variable degrees of tubular atrophy and interstitial infiltrations of lymphocytes and monocytes were observed in all patients. Similarly, lectron microscopic examination showed glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial hyperplasia. Immunopathological staining for IgA and IgG, complements or hepatitis B markers (hepatitis B surface antigen and e antigen-antibody) are negative in all patients. CONCLUSION Long-term occupational exposure to CS2 may be associated with renal injury, although the renal pathological features are often non-specific.
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Li M, Chen XM, Wang DM, Gan L, Qiao Y. Effects of miR-26a on the expression of Beclin 1 in retinoblastoma cells. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr8193. [PMID: 27421000 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15028193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of miR-26a on Beclin 1 expression in retinoblastoma (RB) cell lines (Y79 and WERi-RB-1). RB cells were transfected with miR-26a mimic, antagomir-26a, or control mimic. The Beclin 1 mRNA and protein levels were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. The activity of Beclin 1 3ꞌ-UTR reporter gene was detected with the luciferase assay. After transfection with miR-26a mimic, Beclin 1 mRNA and protein levels as well as the activity of the 3'-UTR reporter gene decreased. However, all were increased upon inhibition of miR-26a with antagomir-26a. Beclin 1 is the target of miR-26a in human RB cell lines Y79 and WERi-RB-1, and miR-26a inhibits the expression of Beclin 1 by reducing its mRNA and protein levels.
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Song Y, Zhang M, Yue N, Gan L, Chen X, Zhang T, Ren G. SU-F-T-499: Anatomic Features for Selection of Electronic Tissue Compensation Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients After Breast-Conserving Surgery. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Song J, Tao ZH, Liu XY, Gong S, Gan L. Relationship between CYP17 gene polymorphisms and risk of prostate cancer. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:15017866. [PMID: 26985923 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15017866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 17a-hydroxylase (CYP17) plays a critical role in androgen biosynthesis. Polymorphisms of the CYP17 promoter have been proposed as risk factors for prostate cancer; however, some studies have produced inconclusive or controversial results. We investigated the relationship between polymorphisms of the CYP17 gene and the risk of prostate cancer. A total of 176 patients with prostate cancer were enrolled in the study, and 168 healthy individuals acted as the control group. The participants were divided into those <71 years old and those ≥71 years old. Restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the genotype of CYP17 in the samples. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations were also measured in all subjects. When T/C and C/C were compared with T/T, the ORs were 0.478 (P = 0.489) and 0.814 (P = 0.367), respectively. There was no significant difference in PSA concentration among the three genotypes in the <71 group, whereas there were statistically significant differences in the ≥71 group (P = 0.003 and 0.012, respectively). There was no significant difference in free PSA and total PSA levels between the three groups and the control group. The T/C and C/C genotypes were not associated with the risk of prostate cancer, and there were no significant differences between them. In the ≥71 group, the T/C and C/C genotypes were closely associated with prostate cancer, which suggests that the CYP17 gene might be a risk factor for prostate cancer in males of advanced age.
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Gan L, Li ZH, Sun HB, Su J, Li YJ, Yan SQ, Wang YB, Zeng S, Bai XX, Du XC, Wu ZD, Jin SJ, Zhang WJ, Liu WP, Li ET. Optical potential parameters from 12C + Zr elastic scattering. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201610904002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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