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Hou L, Huang W, Wu X, Qu J, Chen Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Cyclopropanol with Benzyl Bromide for Multisubstituted Cyclopentenone Synthesis. Org Lett 2022; 24:2699-2704. [PMID: 35389666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we reported a Ni-catalyzed carbonylation of cyclopropanol with benzyl bromide to afford multisubstituted cyclopentenone under 1 atm of CO. The reaction proceeds through cascade carbonylation of benzyl bromides, followed by generation of nickel homoenolate from cyclopropanols via β-C elimination to afford 1,4-diketones, which undergoes intramolecular Aldol condensation to furnish highly substituted cyclopentenone derivatives in moderate to good yields. The reaction exhibits high functional group tolerance with broad substrate scope.
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Hou L. [Practice and understanding of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemiological survey]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:1133-1138. [PMID: 35364681 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211216-02803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological survey is a primary measure, following an epidemic detection and report, implemented by agencies for disease control and prevention according to law. It is the key to disposing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and the premise of rapidly controlling this epidemic. In this paper, the essence and fundamental purpose of epidemiological survey in epidemic response was respectively attributed to emergency disposal and epidemic control. Fresh COVID-19 cases experienced by the author were used to introduce "limiting an epidemic to the minimum scale", on-site rapid disposal, developing and verifying a hypothesis, and report writing and suggest some challenges in the survey. This paper highlighted the role of on-site survey that should be not only investigating, but also hypothesizing and, in particular, rapidly disposing. The on-site experience and problems should be particularly transformed into strategies and measures for epidemic prevention and control in time. This paper also emphasized thinking of forming and perfecting the "evidence chain" by systematically checking and laying out the evidence, so as to serve verification of hypotheses. In the face of a once-in-a-century epidemic, extracting the valuable frontline experience of epidemiological survey would be helpful to accurately handle the epidemic situation, maintain the dynamic COVID-zero status, and respond to other major public health events in the future.
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E H, Hou L, Wu J, Zhao D, Chen C. 117P Prognostic value of new grading system in resected lung adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant therapy. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Odukoya O, Nenrot D, Adelabu H, Katam N, Christian E, Holl J, Okonkwo A, Kocherginsky M, Kim KY, Akanmu S, Abdulkareem FB, Anorlu R, Musa J, Lesi O, Hawkins C, Okeke O, Adeyemo WL, Sagay S, Murphy R, Hou L, Ogunsola FT, Wehbe FH. Application of the research electronic data capture (REDCap) system in a low- and middle income country- experiences, lessons, and challenges. HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 11:1297-1304. [PMID: 35251887 PMCID: PMC8896572 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-021-00600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The challenges of reliably collecting, storing, organizing, and analyzing research data are critical in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa where several healthcare and biomedical research organizations have limited data infrastructure. The Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) System has been widely used by many institutions and hospitals in the USA for data collection, entry, and management and could help solve this problem. This study reports on the experiences, challenges, and lessons learned from establishing and applying REDCap for a large US-Nigeria research partnership that includes two sites in Nigeria, (the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos (CMUL) and Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH)) and Northwestern University (NU) in Chicago, Illinois in the United States. The largest challenges to this implementation were significant technical obstacles: the lack of REDCap-trained personnel, transient electrical power supply, and slow/intermittent internet connectivity. However, asynchronous communication and on-site hands-on collaboration between the Nigerian sites and NU led to the successful installation and configuration of REDCap to meet the needs of the Nigerian sites. An example of one lesson learned is the use of Virtual Private Network (VPN) as a solution to poor internet connectivity at one of the sites, and its adoption is underway at the other. Virtual Private Servers (VPS) or shared online hosting were also evaluated and offer alternative solutions. Installing and using REDCap in LMIC institutions for research data management is feasible; however, planning for trained personnel and addressing electrical and internet infrastructural requirements are essential to optimize its use. Building this fundamental research capacity within LMICs across Africa could substantially enhance the potential for more cross-institutional and cross-country collaboration in future research endeavors.
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Jin JC, Liu XY, Yang GP, Hou L, Wang YY. A microporous anionic metal–organic framework for aqueous encapsulation and highly reversible sensitization of light-emitting Tb 3+ ions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02418c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An anionic porous material can serve as both a host and an antenna for protecting and sensitizing extra-framework light-emitting Eu3+/Tb3+ ions. The Tb3+ uptake and release is a reversible process and the cationic Tb3+ can be gradually released.
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Du L, Hou L, Yu X, Cheng H, Chen J, Zheng Q, Hou J. Pattern-Recognition Receptor Agonist-Containing Immunopotentiator CVC1302 Boosts High-Affinity Long-Lasting Humoral Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697292. [PMID: 34867941 PMCID: PMC8637734 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ideally, a vaccine should provide life-long protection following a single administered dose. In our previous study, the immunopotentiator CVC1302, which contains pattern- recognition receptor (PRR) agonists, was demonstrated to prolong the lifetime of the humoral immune response induced by killed foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccine. To elucidate the mechanism by which CVC1302 induces long-term humoral immunity, we used 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetyl (NP)-OVA as a pattern antigen and administered it to mice along with CVC1302, emulsified together with Marcol 52 mineral oil (NP-CVC1302). From the results of NP-specific antibody levels, we found that CVC1302 could induce not only higher levels of NP-specific antibodies but also high-affinity NP-specific antibody levels. To detect the resulting NP-specific immune cells, samples were taken from the injection sites, draining lymph nodes (LNs), and bone marrow of mice injected with NP-CVC1302. The results of these experiments show that, compared with mice injected with NP alone, those injected with NP-CVC1302 had higher percentages of NP+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) at the injection sites and draining LNs, higher percentages of follicular helper T cells (TFH), germinal center (GC) B cells, and NP+ plasma-blasts in the draining LNs, as well as higher percentages of NP+ long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) in the bone marrow. Additionally, we observed that the inclusion of CVC1302 in the immunization prolonged the lifetime of LLPCs in the bone marrow by improving the transcription expression of anti-apoptotic transcription factors such as Mcl-1, Bcl-2, BAFF, BCMA, Bax, and IRF-4. This research provides a blueprint for designing new generations of immunopotentiators.
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Fu T, Hou L, Du Y. The factors involved in the induction of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin overexpression in renal tubular epithelial cells under endoplasmic reticulum stress. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 72. [PMID: 34642260 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2021.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work found that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression increases when endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) occurs in human kidney-2 (HK-2) tubular epithelial cells. However, the reason for this is not yet known. This study investigated the factors involved when inducing NGAL overexpression in HK-2 cells during ERS. The cells were divided into six groups: the control group (normal HK-2 cells), the ERS group (HK-2 cells cultured in complete medium with thapsigargin (TG)), the transfection group (HK-2 cells transfected with activating transcription factor 4 small interfering ribonucleic acid (ATF4 siRNA), the ERS after transfection group (HK-2 cells transfected with ATF4 siRNA, then cultured in complete medium with TG), the negative control group (HK-2 cells transfected with siRNA-negative contrast), and the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (HK-2 cells cultured in complete medium with DMSO). Western blot and a real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to measure the expression of protein and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). As a result NGAL, ATF4, C/EBP homologous protein, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa, ATF4 mRNA, and NGAL mRNA were clearly overexpressed in the ERS group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The expression of NGAL and ATF4 were similar in the control group, the negative control group, and the DMSO group (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, ATF4, NGAL, ATF4 mRNA, and NGAL mRNA in the ERS after transfection group were significantly lower compared with the ERS group (p < 0.05), which showed that NGAL was affected by ATF4. There was a close correlation between NGAL and ATF4; when the expression of ATF4 was inhibited, NGAL was significantly lower. Therefore, ATF4 may be one of the upstream regulators of NGAL.
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Jiang Q, Zhang H, Liu S, Shen X, Hou L. 903P Analysis of hyper-progression disease-related gene alterations in Chinese patients with non-nasopharyngeal head and neck cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Suo F, Pan M, Li Y, Yan Q, Hu H, Hou L. [Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in 3D System Inhibit Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through p38 MAPK and CXCR4/AKT Pathways by IL-24 Regulating]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2021; 55:643-659. [PMID: 34432782 DOI: 10.31857/s002689842104011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is prevalent worldwide and has a high mortality rate. Even if mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are suggested as cancer treatment, the studies of their effects on NSCLC cells contradict each other, mainly due to utilization of two-dimensional (2D) culture system. Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems resemble tissue organization in vivo. Here we comprehensively explore the inhibitory effects of MSCs on NSCLC cells in a 3D culture system. We confirmed that the inhibitory effects of 3D-cultured MSCs (3D-MSCs) on the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells are greater than that of the 2D-cultured MSCs. 3D-MSCs overexpress IL-24, which serve as the key factor enhancing antitumor effects of MSCs. In these cells, IL-24 affects p38 MAPK and CXCR4/AKT pathways. Overall, this study provides the support for use of MSCs in tumor.
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Wang CZ, Wan C, Luo Y, Zhang CF, Zhang QH, Chen L, Park CW, Kim SH, Liu Z, Lager M, Xu M, Hou L, Yuan CS. Ginseng berry concentrate prevents colon cancer via cell cycle, apoptosis regulation, and inflammation-linked Th17 cell differentiation. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 72. [PMID: 34374659 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2021.2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The Asian ginseng root (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a very commonly used herbal medicine worldwide. Ginseng fruit, including the berry (or pulp) and seed, is also valuable for several health conditions including immunostimulation and cancer chemoprevention. In this study, the anticancer and anti-proliferative effects of the extracts of ginseng berry and seed were evaluated. The ginsenosides in the ginseng berry concentrate (GBC) and ginseng seed extract (GSE) were analyzed. We then evaluated their anti-colorectal cancer potentials, including antiproliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic induction. Further investigation consisted of the berry's adaptive immune responses, such as the actions on the differentiation of T helper cells Treg, Th1, and Th17. The major constituents in GBC were ginsenosides Re and Rd, which can be compared to those in the root. The GBC significantly inhibited colon cancer cell growth, and its anti-proliferative effect involved mechanisms including G2/M cell cycle arrest via upregulation of cyclin A and induction of apoptosis via regulation of apoptotic related gene expressions. GBC also downregulated the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. For the adaptive immune responses, GBC did not influence Th1 and Treg cell differentiation but significantly inhibited Th17 cell differentiation and thus regulated the balance of Th17/Treg for adaptive immunity. Although no ginsenoside was detected in the GSE, interestingly, it obviously enhanced colon cancer cell proliferation with the underlined details to be determined. Our results suggested that GBC is a promising dietary supplement for cancer chemoprevention and immunomodulation.
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Xing Y, Jiang HL, Hou L, Wang X. Expression of ICAM-1 in placental tissues and the association between its gene polymorphisms and pathogenesis of preeclampsia. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:11481-11487. [PMID: 33275214 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202011_23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in placental tissues of patients with preeclampsia, and to elucidate the association between its polymorphisms and pathogenesis of preeclampsia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 preeclampsia patients (Preeclampsia group) and 100 normal puerperae (Control group) were selected as research objects. The protein expression of ICAM-1 in placental tissues was detected via Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs134568, rs128343, and rs201931 in the promoter region of ICAM-1 were typed via conformation difference gel electrophoresis. Chi-square test was used to detect whether the distribution frequency of ICAM-1 genotype was in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The associations of ICAM-1 alleles and polymorphic sites with pathogenesis of preeclampsia were analyzed as well. Finally, the correlation between GG genotype of ICAM-1 rs134568 and clinicopathological features of preeclampsia was analyzed. RESULTS The protein expression of ICAM-1 in placental tissues was significantly higher in Preeclampsia group than that in Control group (p<0.05). ICAM-1 SNPs rs134568, rs128343 and rs201931 all met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p>0.05). According to gene correlation analysis, ICAM-1 rs134568 polymorphism and alleles were associated with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (p<0.05). However, ICAM-1 rs128343 and rs201931 polymorphisms and alleles had no associations with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (p>0.05). Besides, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine level and plasma albumin level showed no statistically significant differences between people with GG genotype of ICAM-1 rs134568 in Preeclampsia group and those in Control group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS ICAM-1 expression increased significantly in placental tissues of patients with preeclampsia. In addition, rs134568 in the promoter region of ICAM-1 was associated with the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Du CQ, Wei H, Zhang C, Zhang M, Hu MH, Hou L, Wu W, Liang Y, Luo XP. [The application of continuous glucose monitoring in the management of hepatic glycogen storage disease]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2021; 59:452-458. [PMID: 34102817 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210321-00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) were performed in children with hepatic glycogen storage disease (GSD) to accurately understand the situation of glucose levels during their treatment, and to provide support for optimizing their nutritional management. Methods: In this retrospective research, 42 patients with hepatic GSD who under went 72 h CGM were collected from Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from October 2019 to January 2020. According to the genetic test results, they were divided into 5 groups: type Ⅰa, type Ⅰb, type Ⅲa, type Ⅵ and type Ⅸa. After long-term follow up and regular treatment, the clinical data (induding course, age, height, weight and biochemical parameters, etc.) on the day of CGM were summarized, and 72 h CGM were performed to assess the occurrence of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.χ² test, Fisher exact probability method, t test, analysis of variance or nonparametric test were used for comparison between groups. Results: Forty-two cases of hepatic GSD patients included 25 males and 17 females (20 cases of type Ⅰa, 3 cases of type Ⅰb, 10 cases of type Ⅲa, 3 cases of type Ⅵ and 6 cases of type Ⅸa).The age was 9.5 (6.7, 12.9) years, and the course of disease was 6.8 (5.1, 11.3) years. The average levels of glucose of the patients were all normal. However, the levels of standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) were significantly different (F=2.747, 3.029,both P<0.05). Among them, the SDBG of type Ⅰa and Ⅲa were significantly higher than those of type Ⅸa ((1.10±0.36), (0.98±0.30) vs. (0.62±0.26) mmol/L, t=3.010, 2.440, both P<0.05), while the MAGE of type Ⅰ was higher than that of Ⅸa and Ⅲa ((2.3±0.9) mmol/L vs. (1.2±0.6) and (1.7±0.6) mmol/L, t=2.734, 2.302, both P<0.05, respectively). Conclusions: CGMS can accurately assess the fluctuations of blood glucose and effectively detect hidden hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in hepatic GSD patients. For different types of hepatic GSD, individualized corn starch treatment doses should be given according to the different situation of blood glucose, so as to optimize the patient's treatment and improve their prognosis.
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Suo F, Pan M, Li Y, Yan Q, Hu H, Hou L. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured in 3D System Inhibit Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells through p38 MAPK and CXCR4/AKT Pathways by IL-24 Regulating. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321030110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hou L, Zhang C, Yu X, Zhang Y, Du L, Chen J, Zheng Q, Hou J. Evaluation of CVC1302 for Improved Efficacy of FMD-Inactivated Vaccine in Oxidative Stressed Mice Generated with PCV2 Infection. Viral Immunol 2021; 34:428-436. [PMID: 33973807 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2020.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of the immunopotentiator CVC1302 on foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination in animals placed under oxidative stress. We established oxidative stress models using porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)-infected PK-15 cells and mice model both in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The efficacy of CVC1302 on PK-15 cells or in addition to the FMD vaccine was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, histopathological and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. CVC1302 affected apoptosis of PCV2-infected PK-15 cells and significantly inhibited PCV2 replication, while it had no effect on the viability for blank PK-15 cell in vitro test with varying dilutions of CVC1302. Results showed that PCV2 induced a strong oxidative stress response in mice. CVC1302 reduced the viral load in spleen of PCV2-infected mice and ameliorated the pathological injury of spleen. Furthermore, CVC1302 significantly increased IgG antibody titer, cytokine expression, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase concentrations, and glutathione content in mice immunized with FMD vaccine. In conclusion, CVC1302 inhibits PCV2 replication and regulates oxidative stress in PCV2-infected mice, which can improve the immune efficacy of the FMD vaccine, providing a safe and effective immune enhancement.
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Hou L, Liu P, Zhu T. Long noncoding RNA SLC30A10 promotes colorectal tumor proliferation and migration via miR-21c/APC axis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:6682-6691. [PMID: 32633358 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202006_21655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy and a common cause of tumor-related death. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become an important regulatory factor and tissue specific biomarker for a variety of cancers, including colorectal cancer. Recent evidence indicates that the novel lncRNA SLC30A10 plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. However, its role and molecular mechanisms in colorectal cancer are unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS SLC30A10 expression was detected in 12 colorectal cancer and adjacent normal tissues by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Insights into the underlying mechanisms of competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were determined by transwell assay, CCK8 assay, and luciferase assay. RESULTS SLC30A10 was down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, and its low expression was positively correlated with colorectal cancer progression and metastasis. Functionally, SLC30A10 depletion promotes cell proliferation and migration in colorectal cancer cells, while SLC30A10 overexpression has the opposite effect. Bioinformatics prediction and luciferase assay indicated that miR-21c is a direct target of SLC30A10, which plays the role of ceRNA in regulating colorectal cancer metastasis. In addition, miR-21c specifically targets APC gene. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that reduced expression of SLC30A10 is associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes and poor patient outcomes in colorectal cancer. SLC30A10 inhibits colorectal cancer progression and metastasis by acting as a ceRNA for miR-21c to regulate APC expression, suggesting that SLC30A10 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and anti-metastatic therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Hou L, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhao W, Xia X, Chen X, Lin X, Yue J, Ge N, Dong B. Cohort Profile: West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT). J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:302-310. [PMID: 33575720 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The West China Health and Aging Trends study (WCHAT) is intended to focus on the research that will guide efforts to reduce disability, maximize health and independent functioning, and enhance quality of life at older ages in different ethnicities. And provide the basis for understanding trends and dynamics in late-life functioning, how these differ in various ethnic subgroups, and the economic or social consequences of aging and disability in western China. PARTICIPANTS The cohort enrolled 7536 participants and 7439 participants aged 50 years and older in the baseline in 2018 and every year would be followed up. Finding to date: The data in WCHAT were prospectively collected from Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Xinjiang by 7 medical institutions. A number of age-related outcome measures were collected though corresponding geriatric assessments. Blood testing, saliva, urine and feces testing are available for all cohort participants. Future plans: The data in WCHAT can be used for various types of epidemiological research, particularly for examining how the culture specific life styles and diet influences geriatrics related outcomes. We are initially planning cohort studies and established a sample biobank in relation to the risk and prognosis of frailty, sarcopenia and other geriatric syndromes. Strengths and limitations of this study: It is a first multi-ethnic cohort study in West China that aimed to investigate the influence of culture specific life styles, diet and living environment on the prevalence of geriatric syndromes like frailty, sarcopenia and so on. This is a prospective multi-center observational study, which will be conducted in various ethnic groups gathering places. This study collected information that related to fatigue, falls, and cognition were obtained through self-reports, which might have recall bias and grouping errors. This study has problems such as the interviewees' refusal to visit, death, going out, and large population mobility may lead to high loss of visit rates. This study collected information from a comparatively healthier elderly population in which external validity was limited.
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Luo S, Chen X, Hou L, Yue J, Liu X, Wang Y, Xia X, Dong B. The Relationship between Sarcopenia and Vitamin D Levels in Adults of Different Ethnicities: Findings from the West China Health and Aging Trend Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:909-913. [PMID: 34409970 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia is a condition associated with progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function resulting in substantial negative health outcomes and disability in older adults. It is thus important that sarcopenia-related risk factors be explored. The present study was based upon the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS2019) criteria to assess whether vitamin D levels are a risk factor associated with sarcopenia in various ethnic groups in western China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Communities in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Xinjiang provinces. PARTICIPANTS We included 4236 individuals that were 50 years of age or older from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. MEASUREMENTS An InBody 770 instrument was used for bioimpedance-based analyses of muscle mass, while a digital grip strength dynamometer was used for handgrip strength-based measurements of muscle strength. Physical performance was assessed based upon gait speed over 4 m. Other secondary variables were additionally analyzed as potentially relevant risk factors. RESULTS Sarcopenia affected an estimated 22.45% of studied individuals who were 50 years of age or older, with respective prevalence rates in the < 60, 60-64, 65-79, and ≥80 age groups of 11.78%,19.44%, 32.65%, and 67.97%. Rates in males and females were 26.66% and 20.05%, respectively. In males, a significant difference in vitamin D levels was detected when comparing individuals with and without sarcopenia, although no such relationship was detected in females. Following adjustment for confounding variables, binary logistic regression analyses revealed that inadequate vitamin D was able to independently predict sarcopenia risk only in males (OR=1.875,95%CI: 1.109-3.169, P=0.019). CONCLUSIONS Among middle-aged and older adults of multiple ethnicities in western China, we found that inadequate vitamin D was an independent predictor of sarcopenia risk specifically in males.
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Liu X, Chen X, Hou L, Xia X, Hu F, Luo S, Zhang G, Dong B. Associations of Body Mass Index, Visceral Fat Area, Waist Circumference, and Waist-to-Hip Ratio with Cognitive Function in Western China: Results from WCHAT Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:903-908. [PMID: 34409969 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the relationship between cognitive performance and obesity parameters, such as body mass index (BMI), visceral fat area (VFA), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in western China. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS 3914 participants, aged ≥50 years, were recruited in this study. Anthropometrics measurements, life-style factors, chronic disease comorbidities, and sleep qualities were recorded for each participant. Among the anthropometrics, BMI, WC, and WHR were assessed using standard procedures, while VFA was calculated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Cognitive performance was estimated using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Finally, relationships between cognitive abilities and BMI, VFA, WC, and WHR were evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS Cognitive decline (CD) occurred at a rate of 13.29% among the 3914 participants. A strong correlation was observed between cognitive abilities and BMI of male patients aged 50-59 yrs (OR 1.116,95% CI1.002-1.242), in the adjusted model. Alternately, WHR was shown to be significantly related to CD in females aged ≥70 years (OR 0.041, 95% CI0.002-0.671). WC was shown to have a strong association with CD in males (OR 1.023,95% CI1.003-1.024). Lastly, WHR was closely connected to CD in participants with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR 0.022,95% CI0.002-0.209). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a higher middle age BMI is associated with CD, whereas, in the elderly population, a higher WHR is related to improved cognitive performance. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate a relationship between VFA and CD.
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Chen X, Hou L, Shen Y, Wu X, Dong B, Hao Q. The Role of Baseline Sarcopenia Index in Predicting Chemotherapy-Induced Undesirable Effects and Mortality in Older People with Stage III or IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:878-882. [PMID: 34409965 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1633-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the predictability value of Sarcopenia index( (SI, serum creatinine value/cystatin C value×100) in determining potential chemotherapy-induced undesirable reactions and eventual death of older patients diagnosed with stage III or IV of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS General information was retrieved from health records and mortality data was obtained by phone interview. Serum Cr and CysC levels were measured before chemotherapy. The endpoints recorded were chemotherapy-induced undesirable reactions and mortality from any causes. Logit regression analysis was employed for the analysis of correlation between the SI and short-term adverse reactions to chemotherapy. Cox regression analysis was employed to analyze correlation between the SI and mortality. RESULTS In this study, 664 NSCLC patients were enrolled. Among them, 83.13% were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma lung cancer and 16.87% with squamous cell carcinoma lung cancer. As of March 1, 2019, 486 patients died, including 361(74.28%) males and 125 (25.72%) females. After the first course of chemotherapy, the proportion of short-term adverse reactions, including bone marrow suppression, digestive reactions, all infection, liver function impairment, and other adverse reactions (non-infectious fever or rashes) was 16%, 4.7%, 7.4, %, 6.6%, and 2.11%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no association between the SI and adverse reactions. We found that high SI was independently associated with a lower risk of mortality after adjusting for confounding factors in females (HR=0.593,95% CI: 0.382-0.92; p=0.02). There was no marked association existed between the SI and mortality in males. CONCLUSION Among patients with stage III or IV non-small cell lung cancer, the SI is associated with mortality in females, but not in males.
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Luo S, Chen X, Hou L, Yue J, Liu X, Xia X, Dong B, Cao L. Comorbid Depressive Symptoms, Visual Impairment, and Sarcopenia among Middle-Aged and Older Women: Findings from the West China Health and Aging Trend study. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1131-1137. [PMID: 34725673 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have described close relationships between sarcopenia and either visual impairment or depression, but there have been few analyses investigating the association between sarcopenia and the coexistence of both visual impairment and depression. Herein, we sought to explore the associations between sarcopenia and comorbid depressive symptoms and visual impairment among older females. A cross-sectional analysis of females between the ages of 50 and 95 (n = 2454) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study was conducted. Patient muscle mass was assessed via a bioimpedance-based approach using an InBody 770 device, while muscle strength was estimated based on handgrip strength as quantified with a digital grip strength dynamometer. Depressive systems were evaluated with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and a questionnaire was employed to evaluate patient visual functionality. Associations between sarcopenia and comorbid depressive status and visual impairment were explored through logistic regression analyses. Comorbid depressive symptoms and visual impairment were observed in 6.2% of the women included in this study, while 18.9% suffered from sarcopenia. Following adjustment for covariates, relative to normal controls, study subjects with only depression (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.04-2.02), only visual impairment (OR=1.69, 95%CI=1.27-2.26), or comorbid depression and visual impairment (OR=1.76, 95% CI=1.16-2.67) exhibited a higher risk of sarcopenia. These results suggest that comorbid depression and visual impairment are linked to the prevalence of sarcopenia in older Chinese women. As such, further efforts to screen older women for these two comorbid conditions may thus be necessary.
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Chen X, Liao Z, Shen Y, Dong B, Hou L, Hao Q. The Relationship between Pre-Admission Waiting Time and the Surgical Outcomes after Hip Fracture Operation in the Elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:951-955. [PMID: 34545913 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between pre-admission waiting time and postoperative complications, length of stay (LOS), and costs during hospitalization. METHOD This was a single-center, observational study. The subjects of this study were elderly hip fracture patients who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from December 2010 to June 14, 2017, and that underwent internal fixation or joint replacement surgery. The pre-admission waiting time was treated as a categorical variable according to median and first quartile values. Outcomes included postoperative complications (pneumonia and other complications [urinary tract infection, heart failure, non-A-grade healing]), LOS, and costs during hospitalization. LOS and costs during hospitalization were converted into binary outcomes based upon median values. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to analyze correlations between pre-admission waiting time and patient outcomes. RESULTS A total of 889 patients 60 years of age and older were enrolled in this study, of whom 65.47% were females and 34.53% were males. The proportion of patients with pre-admission waiting times less than 8 h, 8 - 24 h, and ≥ 24 h were 24.3%, 17.32%, and 58.38%, respectively. Postoperative pneumonia and other complications affected 12.04% and 6.30% of patients, respectively. Relative to patients with the pre-admission waiting times of less than 8 h, those with longer pre-admission waiting times exhibited a higher risk of postoperative pneumonia (8 - 24 h: OR = 2.72,95% CI: 1.29-5.74, p = 0.009; ≥ 24 h: OR = 2.76,95% CI: 1.48-5.14, p = 0.001). Patients with the pre-admission waiting time ≥ 24 h also exhibited a higher risk of the other complications (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.53-4.26, p <0.001), a longer LOS (OR = 1.43, 95% CI:1.02-2.01, p = 0.036), and higher costs during hospitalization (OR = 1.51, 95% CI:1.05 - 2.17, p = 0.026) relative to patients with a waiting time less than 8 hours. CONCLUSION Pre-admission waiting time was associated with postoperative complications, LOS, and hospitalization costs among older Chinese patients undergoing surgery to treat hip fractures.
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Xiao Y, Jia S, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Qiao R, Xia X, Hou L, Dong B. The Combined Effect of Hearing Impairment and Cognitive Impairment with Health-Related Outcomes in Chinese Older People. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:783-789. [PMID: 34179934 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1623-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the risk of poor health-related outcomes in older adults with cooccurring hearing impairment and cognitive impairment, and to compare the risk of hearing impairment only, cognitive impairment only, and multiple morbidities. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older were included. PARTICIPANTS The data of missing hearing and cognitive status were excluded, and 3770 older people participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS The hearing function evaluation was conducted by questionnaire survey. Assessment of cognitive function was completed using the SPMSQ scale. The subjects were divided into hearing impairment and cognitive impairment group, hearing impairment only group, cognitive impairment only group and neither group. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the risks of hearing and cognitive impairment and health-related condition. RESULTS The prevalence of hearing impairment and cognitive impairment, hearing impairment only, cognitive impairment only, and neither were 9.4%, 8.3%, 29.9% and 52.4%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the individuals with hearing impairment and cognitive impairment were associated with depression (OR=3.48, 95% CI=2.66, 4.56), anxiety (OR=2.35, 95% CI=1.92, 3.33), frailty (OR=4.30, 95% CI=2.89, 6.40), and ADL impairment (OR=2.77, 95% CI=2.03, 3.77). CONCLUSION The studies shows that hearing impairment combined with cognitive impairment is significantly associated with anxiety, depression, frailty, and ADL impairment. Comprehensive management and intervention should be provided for older people to reduce the occurrence of adverse health consequences.
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Chen X, Hou L, Zhang Y, Dong B. Analysis of the Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Risk Factors in the Elderly in the Chengdu Community. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:600-605. [PMID: 33949625 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence of sarcopenia in the Chengdu community, analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia, and provide a theoretical basis for further development of strategies for sarcopenia prevention and treatment. METHODS A total of 938 individuals aged 60 years and above were recruited from the community of Chengdu. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group (AWGS) 2019 diagnostic criteria. A scale was generated to determine the age, living habits, and chronic diseases of enrolled subjects. The Mini Mental Examination Scale (MMSE) was used to assess their cognitive function, and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to identify depression. RESULTS Among the 938 residents enrolled in the study, 172 (18.34%) had sarcopenia, including 48 (5.12%) with severe sarcopenia. The prevalence of sarcopenia in males was 19.91% and 16.81% in females. According to the binary logistic regression, older age (OR = 1.104, 95%CI: 1.059-1.151) and impaired cognitive function (OR = 2.251, 95%CI: 1.145-4.424) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia in females. Among the males, older age (OR = 1.079, 95%CI: 1.037-1.124) was the independent risk factor for sarcopenia. A moderate increase in BMI reduced the prevalence of sarcopenia in both females and males. Multi-category logistic regression analysis documented that females of older age were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia (χ2 = 16.769, P < 0.01 vs. no sarcopenia), females with lower BMI were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia (χ2 = 13.654, P < 0.01 vs. no sarcopenia), females with heart disease were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia (χ2 = 5.786, P = 0.016 vs. no sarcopenia; χ2 = 5.791, P = 0.016 vs. non-severe sarcopenia), and females with impaired cognitive function were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia (χ2 = 13.381, P < 0.01 vs. no sarcopenia; χ2 = 7.529, P = 0.006 vs. non-severe sarcopenia). Males were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia with older age (χ2 = 18.435, P < 0.01 vs. no sarcopenia; χ2 = 9.8011, P=0.002 vs. non-severe sarcopenia), lower BMI (χ2 = 12.736, P < 0.01 vs. no sarcopenia), smoking (χ2 = 4.68, P = 0.031 vs. no sarcopenia; χ2 = 5.652, P = 0.017 vs. non-severe sarcopenia), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (χ2 = 5.517, P = 0.019 vs. no sarcopenia). CONCLUSION In the Chengdu community, the prevalence of sarcopenia among individuals 60 years of age or older was higher in males than in females. In elderly females, older age and impaired cognitive function were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. Women with more advanced age, decreased BMI, heart disease, and impaired cognitive function were more likely to develop severe sarcopenia. In elderly males, increased age was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia, and older age, decreased BMI, smoking, and COPD increased the probability of developing severe sarcopenia.
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Zhang Y, Ge M, Zhao W, Liu Y, Xia X, Hou L, Dong B. Sensory Impairment and All-Cause Mortality Among the Oldest-Old: Findings from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:132-137. [PMID: 32003401 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between sensory impairment and all-cause mortality among the oldest-old (aged 80 and older) in China. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Community-based setting in 22 provinces of China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 8788 older adults aged 80 and over at baseline with complete hearing and vision function data were included as the study population. MEASUREMENTS Sensory impairment was categorized as no sensory impairment, hearing impairment (HI) only, vision impairment (VI) only and dual sensory impairment (DSI) according to hearing and vision function. Deaths were identified through interviews by close family members. Cox proportion hazards regression models were used to examine the association of sensory impairment with mortality, adjusting for socio-demographic data, life style factors and health status. RESULTS The mean age was 92.3 ± 7.6 years old, and 60.1% of participants were female. Among 8788 participants, 9.8% were recognized as DSI, 9.7% were HI only and 10.4% with VI only. Comparing with participants with no sensory impairment, those with VI only (HR=1.10, 95% CI=1.01-1.20) and DSI (HR=1.21, 95% CI=1.09-1.35) were significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in the fully adjusted model. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that VI only and DSI were significantly associated with higher risk of mortality among Chinese older adults aged 80 and over. The finding advocated that it is necessary to identify and manage sensory impairments for the advanced ages to reduce mortality risks.
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Yu X, Hou L, Guo J, Wang Y, Han P, Fu L, Song P, Chen X, Yu H, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhang W, Zhu X, Yang F, Guo Q. Combined Effect of Osteoporosis and Poor Dynamic Balance on the Incidence of Sarcopenia in Elderly Chinese Community Suburban-Dwelling Individuals. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:71-77. [PMID: 31886811 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the increasing prevalence of osteoporosis and the important role dynamic balanced plays in the assessment of muscle function, we aimed to examine the joint and separate effects of osteoporosis and poor dynamic balance on the incidence of sarcopenia in Chinese elderly individuals. DESIGN This study was conducted on 658 (44.4% male) Chinese suburban-dwelling participants with a mean age of 68.42 ± 5.43 years who initially had no sarcopenia and were aged ≥60 years. A quantitative ultrasound scan of each participant's calcaneus with a T score less than -2.5 was used to identify the prevalence of osteoporosis. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. We assessed dynamic balance using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Participants who scored in the top 20% on the TUGT were defined as having poor dynamic balance. RESULTS After a follow-up of three years, the incidence of sarcopenia in the general population was 8.1% (9.6% in males, 6.8% in females). The incidence of sarcopenia was progressively greater in people suffering from both osteoporosis and poor dynamic balance (OR=2.416, 95%CI=1.124-5.195) compared to those who only had osteoporosis (OR=0.797, 95%CI=0.378-1.682) or poor dynamic balance (OR=1.226, 95%CI=0.447-3.363) in models without adjustments. Even after adjusting for potential confounders, the result still held true (OR=2.431, 95%CI=1.053-5.614). CONCLUSIONS In our study, we found individuals who suffered from both osteoporosis and poor dynamic balance simultaneously had a significantly higher incidence of sarcopenia than those who suffered from either one or the other.
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