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Stewart L, Egnuni T, Esteves F, Yuldasheva N, Wheatcroft S, Mavria G. DOCK4 genetic deletion impairs vascular recovery following an ischemic event. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lourenço JM, Kieran TJ, McCann JC, Glenn TC, Stewart L. 45 Analysis of the Gastrointestinal Tract-Associated Microbiome of Calves Supplemented during the Suckling Phase. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hendricks TJ, Tucker JJ, Hancock DW, Stewart L. 60 Evaluating Yield, Nutritive Value, and Storage Length of Tifton-85 Bermudagrass and Tifton-85 Bermudagrass-Alfalfa Mixtures As Baleage in the Southeast. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky027.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ishiguro T, Sano Y, Komatsu SI, Kamata-Sakurai M, Kaneko A, Kinoshita Y, Shiraiwa H, Azuma Y, Tsunenari T, Kayukawa Y, Sonobe Y, Ono N, Sakata K, Fujii T, Miyazaki Y, Noguchi M, Endo M, Harada A, Frings W, Fujii E, Nanba E, Narita A, Sakamoto A, Wakabayashi T, Konishi H, Segawa H, Igawa T, Tsushima T, Mutoh H, Nishito Y, Takahashi M, Stewart L, ElGabry E, Kawabe Y, Ishigai M, Chiba S, Aoki M, Hattori K, Nezu J. An anti–glypican 3/CD3 bispecific T cell–redirecting antibody for treatment of solid tumors. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/410/eaal4291. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aal4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer care is being revolutionized by immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, engineered T cell transfer, and cell vaccines. The bispecific T cell–redirecting antibody (TRAB) is one such promising immunotherapy, which can redirect T cells to tumor cells by engaging CD3 on a T cell and an antigen on a tumor cell. Because T cells can be redirected to tumor cells regardless of the specificity of T cell receptors, TRAB is considered efficacious for less immunogenic tumors lacking enough neoantigens. Its clinical efficacy has been exemplified by blinatumomab, a bispecific T cell engager targeting CD19 and CD3, which has shown marked clinical responses against hematological malignancies. However, the success of TRAB in solid tumors has been hampered by the lack of a target molecule with sufficient tumor selectivity to avoid “on-target off-tumor” toxicity. Glypican 3 (GPC3) is a highly tumor-specific antigen that is expressed during fetal development but is strictly suppressed in normal adult tissues. We developed ERY974, a whole humanized immunoglobulin G–structured TRAB harboring a common light chain, which bispecifically binds to GPC3 and CD3. Using a mouse model with reconstituted human immune cells, we revealed that ERY974 is highly effective in killing various types of tumors that have GPC3 expression comparable to that in clinical tumors. ERY974 also induced a robust antitumor efficacy even against tumors with nonimmunogenic features, which are difficult to treat by inhibiting immune checkpoints such as PD-1 (programmed cell death protein–1) and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein–4). Immune monitoring revealed that ERY974 converted the poorly inflamed tumor microenvironment to a highly inflamed microenvironment. Toxicology studies in cynomolgus monkeys showed transient cytokine elevation, but this was manageable and reversible. No organ toxicity was evident. These data provide a rationale for clinical testing of ERY974 for the treatment of patients with GPC3-positive solid tumors.
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Stewart L, Dolan E, Carver P, Swinton PA. Per-protocol investigation of a best practice exercise referral scheme. Public Health 2017. [PMID: 28622568 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of an exercise referral scheme (ERS) aligned to the UK best practice guidelines on a range of outcomes including those associated with key health concerns of the Scottish population. STUDY DESIGN A longitudinal design with data collection at three time points (baseline, midway and post) during a 12-week ERS intervention was employed. METHODS Health-related physical fitness was assessed through measurement of resting heart rate, blood pressure, FEV1:FEV6 (ratio of forced expiratory volume over one [FEV1] and six [FEV6] seconds), body mass and peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), whilst functional capacity was assessed through the five times sit to stand test. Psychosocial well-being and quality of life were measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Profile of Mood State questionnaires. Growth curve analyses were used to model each outcome variable across the three time periods. RESULTS A range of effects were obtained with significant linear improvements in physical performance tests (P < 0.001) and psychosocial assessments (P ≤ 0.002). Additionally, significant quadratic effects of time were obtained for body composition variables and physical activity levels (P < 0.001) with the greatest improvements obtained between baseline and midway assessments. CONCLUSIONS An ERS aligned to the UK best practice guidelines can positively influence a range of health outcomes including those associated with lung function and cardiovascular fitness which are prevalent medical conditions in Scotland. In addition, results indicate that ERS can positively affect outcomes related to functional capacity as well as mental well-being and perceptions of health. The findings of the study identify the need for further investigation including consideration of the initial health status of referred clients.
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Ghezelayagh T, Stewart L, Yu V, Agnew K, Norquist B, Pennington K, Swisher E. Perceptions of risk and reward in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers choosing salpingectomy for ovarian cancer prevention. Gynecol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.03.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Harmon DD, Lacey JL, Hancock D, Segers JO, Stelzleni AM, Teutsch CD, Stewart L. 045 Three-Year Evaluation of Warm-Season Annual Forages in Summer Forage-Finishing Beef Production. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/ssasas2017.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lourenço JM, Stewart L, Russell L, Segers JO, Hancock D, Duggin J, Lacy RC. 021 Do Beef Cattle Producers Understand the Economics of Natural Production? J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/ssasas2017.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gustafson H, Stewart L, Theiss N, Hnatyszyn J. Use of next-gen sequencing in an integrated companion diagnostics workflow. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.e23273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jilcott Pitts SB, Graham J, Mojica A, Stewart L, Walter M, Schille C, McGinty J, Pearsall M, Whitt O, Mihas P, Bradley A, Simon C. Implementing healthier foodservice guidelines in hospital and federal worksite cafeterias: barriers, facilitators and keys to success. J Hum Nutr Diet 2016; 29:677-686. [DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Lewis CJ, Li P, Stewart L, Weintrob AC, Carson ML, Murray CK, Tribble DR, Ross JD. Tranexamic acid in life-threatening military injury and the associated risk of infective complications. Br J Surg 2016; 103:366-73. [PMID: 26791625 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce mortality from severe haemorrhage. Although recent data suggest that TXA has anti-inflammatory properties, few analyses have investigated the impact of TXA on infectious complications in injured patients. The aim was to examine the association between TXA administration and infection risk among injured military personnel. METHODS Patients who received TXA were matched by Injury Severity Score with patients who did not receive TXA. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine risk factors associated with infections within 30 days. A Cox proportional analysis evaluated risk factors in a time-to-first-infection model. RESULTS A total of 335 TXA recipients were matched with 626 patients who did not receive TXA. A greater proportion of TXA recipients had an infection compared with the comparator group (P < 0·001). Univariable analysis estimated an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2·47 (95 per cent c.i. 1·81 to 3·36) for the association between TXA and infection risk; however, TXA administration was not significant in multivariable analysis (OR 1·27, 0·85 to 1·91). Blast injuries, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and receipt of 10 units or more of blood within 24 h after injury were independently associated with infection risk. The Cox proportional model confirmed the association with ICU admission and blood transfusion. Traumatic amputations were also significantly associated with a reduced time to first infection. CONCLUSION In life-threatening military injuries matched for injury severity, TXA recipients did not have a higher risk of having infections nor was the time to develop infections shorter than in non-recipients. Extent of blood loss, blast injuries, extremity amputations and ICU stay were associated with infection.
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Cox CM, Mandell EK, Stewart L, Lu R, Johnson DL, McCarter SD, Tavares A, Runyan R, Ghosh S, Wilson JM. Endosomal regulation of contact inhibition through the AMOT:YAP pathway. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2673-84. [PMID: 25995376 PMCID: PMC4501364 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-04-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It was shown previously that endotubin, an integral membrane protein of endosomes, regulates the trafficking of tight junction proteins between endosomes and the tight junctions. Here it is shown that endotubin regulates YAP localization on endosomes through its interaction with AMOT and thus may play a role in contact inhibition. Contact-mediated inhibition of cell proliferation is an essential part of organ growth control; the transcription coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays a pivotal role in this process. In addition to phosphorylation-dependent regulation of YAP, the integral membrane protein angiomotin (AMOT) and AMOT family members control YAP through direct binding. Here we report that regulation of YAP activity occurs at the endosomal membrane through a dynamic interaction of AMOT with an endosomal integral membrane protein, endotubin (EDTB). EDTB interacts with both AMOT and occludin and preferentially associates with occludin in confluent cells but with AMOT family members in subconfluent cells. EDTB competes with YAP for binding to AMOT proteins in subconfluent cells. Overexpression of the cytoplasmic domain or full-length EDTB induces translocation of YAP to the nucleus, an overgrowth phenotype, and growth in soft agar. This increase in proliferation is dependent upon YAP activity and is complemented by overexpression of p130-AMOT. Furthermore, overexpression of EDTB inhibits the AMOT:YAP interaction. EDTB and AMOT have a greater association in subconfluent cells compared with confluent cells, and this association is regulated at the endosomal membrane. These data provide a link between the trafficking of tight junction proteins through endosomes and contact-inhibition-regulated cell growth.
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Schafer AL, Li X, Schwartz AV, Tufts LS, Wheeler AL, Grunfeld C, Stewart L, Rogers SJ, Carter JT, Posselt AM, Black DM, Shoback DM. Changes in vertebral bone marrow fat and bone mass after gastric bypass surgery: A pilot study. Bone 2015; 74:140-5. [PMID: 25603463 PMCID: PMC4355193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow fat may serve a metabolic role distinct from other fat depots, and it may be altered by metabolic conditions including diabetes. Caloric restriction paradoxically increases marrow fat in mice, and women with anorexia nervosa have high marrow fat. The longitudinal effect of weight loss on marrow fat in humans is unknown. We hypothesized that marrow fat increases after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, as total body fat decreases. In a pilot study of 11 morbidly obese women (6 diabetic, 5 nondiabetic), we measured vertebral marrow fat content (percentage fat fraction) before and 6 months after RYGB using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Total body fat mass declined in all participants (mean ± SD decline 19.1 ± 6.1 kg or 36.5% ± 10.9%, p<0.001). Areal bone mineral density (BMD) decreased by 5.2% ± 3.5% and 4.1% ± 2.6% at the femoral neck and total hip, respectively, and volumetric BMD decreased at the spine by 7.4% ± 2.8% (p<0.001 for all). Effects of RYGB on marrow fat differed by diabetes status (adjusted p=0.04). There was little mean change in marrow fat in nondiabetic women (mean +0.9%, 95% CI -10.0 to +11.7%, p=0.84). In contrast, marrow fat decreased in diabetic women (-7.5%, 95% CI -15.2 to +0.1%, p=0.05). Changes in total body fat mass and marrow fat were inversely correlated among nondiabetic (r=-0.96, p=0.01) but not diabetic (r=0.52, p=0.29) participants. In conclusion, among those without diabetes, marrow fat is maintained on average after RYGB, despite dramatic declines in overall fat mass. Among those with diabetes, RYGB may reduce marrow fat. Thus, future studies of marrow fat should take diabetes status into account. Marrow fat may have unique metabolic behavior compared with other fat depots.
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Lu R, Stewart L, Wilson JM. Scaffolding protein GOPC regulates tight junction structure. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 360:321-32. [PMID: 25616555 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GOPC (FIG/PIST/CAL) is a PDZ-domain scaffolding protein that regulates the trafficking of a wide array of proteins, including small GTPases, receptors and cell surface molecules such as cadherin 23 and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, we find that GOPC localizes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) but not to the cis- or trans-Golgi cisternae. Colocalization occurs with the early endosome Rab GTPase Rab5 and a TGN/endosome marker Rab14 but not with Rab11, a marker of recycling endosomes. No localization of GOPC was detected to the lateral membranes or tight junctions. Knockdown of GOPC in MDCK cells results in decreased transepithelial resistance and increased paracellular flux. This might be attributable to the compromised trafficking of tight junction components from the TGN, as GOPC-knockdown cells have decreased lateral labeling of the tight junction protein claudin-1 and decreased protein levels of claudin-2. GOPC might mediate the trafficking of newly synthesized tight junction proteins from the TGN to the cell surface or the recycling of these proteins from specialized endosomal compartments.
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Revuelta-Iniesta R, Wilson M, White K, Stewart L, McKenzie J, Wilson D. Complementary and alternative medicine usage in Scottish children and adolescents during cancer treatment. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2014; 20:197-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stewart L, Darragh J, Benchikh M, Rodriguez M, McConnell R, Fitzgerald S. P17: Analytical evaluation of newly developed enzymelinked immunosorbent assay kit for the detection of tramadol and the metabolite O-desmethyl tramadol in urine and blood. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2352-0078(14)70078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gillespie J, Midmore C, Hoeflich J, Ness C, Ballard P, Stewart L. Parents as the start of the solution: a social marketing approach to understanding triggers and barriers to entering a childhood weight management service. J Hum Nutr Diet 2014; 28 Suppl 1:83-92. [PMID: 24866275 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a sensitive subject and barriers exist with respect to accessing weight management programmes. Social marketing insight gathering provides an opportunity to understand behaviours and address these challenges. This project gained insight into the views of parents/carers on triggers and barriers to entering a childhood weight management service. METHODS Participants were identified from the public using marketing recruitment. Four focus groups were conducted with parents of school aged children (n = 27) by an experienced interviewer. Twenty two mothers, three fathers and two grandmothers participated, with half describing their child as overweight. Groups discussed health behaviours; attitudes to health messages and weight issues; and motivations, benefits and barriers with respect to accessing weight management services. Discussions were taped and transcribed. Themes were identified using framework analysis of content matrix data analysis. RESULTS Participants were aware of healthy lifestyle messages, although the ability to implement these was variable. Triggers to seeking help included bullying, health concerns and inability to participate in school activities. Barriers included feeling a lack of control, desire to avoid conflict and no proven case that weight was a problem. Parents wished to be given information regarding their child's weight by a trusted person. The Internet and word of mouth were identified as methods of recruitment into a weight management service, with a focus on fitness, fun and friendliness and being free-of-charge. CONCLUSIONS Insight gathering can be used to establish parental/carer opinion regarding engaging in childhood weight management services. A fun, friendly programme that is free of charge appealed to parents. Local community involvement around normalising child weight issues may boost referrals into child healthy weight interventions.
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Lu R, Johnson DL, Stewart L, Waite K, Elliott D, Wilson JM. Rab14 regulation of claudin-2 trafficking modulates epithelial permeability and lumen morphogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:1744-54. [PMID: 24694596 PMCID: PMC4038501 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-12-0724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial permeability is regulated by targeted insertion and recycling of tight junction proteins. Rab14 regulates the lysosomal targeting of the leaky claudin, claudin-2, and depletion of Rab14 results in increased transepithelial resistance and aberrant morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture. Regulation of epithelial barrier function requires targeted insertion of tight junction proteins that have distinct selectively permeable characteristics. The insertion of newly synthesized proteins and recycling of internalized tight junction components control both polarity and junction function. Here we show that the small GTPase Rab14 regulates tight junction structure. In Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) II cells, Rab14 colocalizes with junctional proteins, and knockdown of Rab14 results in increased transepithelial resistance. In cells without Rab14, there are small changes in the trafficking of claudin-1 and occludin. In addition, there is substantial depletion of the leaky claudin, claudin-2, but not other tight junction components. The loss of claudin-2 is complemented by inhibition of lysosomal function, suggesting that Rab14 sorts claudin-2 out of the lysosome-directed pathway. MDCK I cells lack claudin-2 endogenously, and knockdown of Rab14 in these cells does not result in a change in transepithelial resistance, suggesting that the effect is specific to claudin-2 trafficking. Furthermore, leaky claudins have been shown to be required for epithelial morphogenesis, and knockdown of Rab14 results in failure to form normal single-lumen cysts in three-dimensional culture. These results implicate Rab14 in specialized trafficking of claudin-2 from the recycling endosome.
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Müllensiefen D, Gingras B, Musil J, Stewart L. Measuring the facets of musicality: The Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI). PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Moher D, Booth A, Stewart L. How to reduce unnecessary duplication: use PROSPERO. BJOG 2014; 121:784-6. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Arik M, Aune S, Barth K, Belov A, Borghi S, Bräuninger H, Cantatore G, Carmona JM, Cetin SA, Collar JI, Da Riva E, Dafni T, Davenport M, Eleftheriadis C, Elias N, Fanourakis G, Ferrer-Ribas E, Friedrich P, Galán J, García JA, Gardikiotis A, Garza JG, Gazis EN, Geralis T, Georgiopoulou E, Giomataris I, Gninenko S, Gómez H, Gómez Marzoa M, Gruber E, Guthörl T, Hartmann R, Hauf S, Haug F, Hasinoff MD, Hoffmann DHH, Iguaz FJ, Irastorza IG, Jacoby J, Jakovčić K, Karuza M, Königsmann K, Kotthaus R, Krčmar M, Kuster M, Lakić B, Lang PM, Laurent JM, Liolios A, Ljubičić A, Luzón G, Neff S, Niinikoski T, Nordt A, Papaevangelou T, Pivovaroff MJ, Raffelt G, Riege H, Rodríguez A, Rosu M, Ruz J, Savvidis I, Shilon I, Silva PS, Solanki SK, Stewart L, Tomás A, Tsagri M, van Bibber K, Vafeiadis T, Villar J, Vogel JK, Yildiz SC, Zioutas K. Search for solar axions by the CERN axion solar telescope with 3He buffer gas: closing the hot dark matter gap. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:091302. [PMID: 24655238 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.091302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The CERN Axion Solar Telescope has finished its search for solar axions with (3)He buffer gas, covering the search range 0.64 eV ≲ ma ≲ 1.17 eV. This closes the gap to the cosmological hot dark matter limit and actually overlaps with it. From the absence of excess x rays when the magnet was pointing to the Sun we set a typical upper limit on the axion-photon coupling of gaγ ≲ 3.3 × 10(-10) GeV(-1) at 95% C.L., with the exact value depending on the pressure setting. Future direct solar axion searches will focus on increasing the sensitivity to smaller values of gaγ, for example by the currently discussed next generation helioscope International AXion Observatory.
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Peña S, Fagundez C, Medeiros A, Comini M, Scarone L, Sellanes D, Manta E, Tulla-Puche J, Albericio F, Stewart L, Yardley V, Serra G. Synthesis of cyclohexapeptides as antimalarial and anti-trypanosomal agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azolic and non-azolic cyclohexapeptides were obtained and/or evaluated as promising antimalarial and/or anti-trypanosomal agents.
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Naylor HL, Jackson H, Walker GH, Macafee S, Magee K, Hooper L, Stewart L, MacLaughlin HL. British Dietetic Association evidence-based guidelines for the protein requirements of adults undergoing maintenance haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 26:315-28. [PMID: 23731266 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing nutritional guidelines suggest that protein requirements of adults with stage five chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) are increased as a result of protein losses during dialysis. The present review aimed to update previous guidance and develop evidence-based practice guidelines on the protein requirements of adults undergoing maintenance dialysis. METHODS Following a PICO approach (Participants or Population, Intervention or Exposure, Comparison and Outcome), four research questions were formulated to investigate the total protein requirement and protein quality required by adults undergoing HD and PD. A comprehensive, systematic review was undertaken using the databases Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library from 2005 to September 2009 for HD studies and from 1997 to September 2009 for PD studies. RESULTS The literature search yielded 2931 studies, which were assessed for inclusion. Following appraisal, 19 studies in HD and 18 studies in PD met the inclusion criteria and were systematically reviewed. Limited good quality evidence supports the recommendations that: (i) adults undergoing maintenance HD require a minimum protein intake of 1.1 g kg(-1) ideal body weight (IBW) per day; and (ii) adults undergoing maintenance PD require a minimum protein intake of 1.0-1.2 kg(-1) IBW per day, in conjunction with an adequate energy intake. There were no studies that addressed the quality of protein for either HD or PD. CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that nutritional status may be maintained with lower protein intakes than previously recommended. However, the evidence base is limited and further randomised controlled trials are required to establish the optimal protein intake for dialysis patients.
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Emmerton L, McMillan S, Stewart L. Nurse Practitioners in Community Pharmacies: A Model for Collaborative Health Services. Res Social Adm Pharm 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ho M, Garnett S, Baur L, Burrow T, Stewart L, Neve M, Collins C. Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in child obesity: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2012.08.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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