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Micali N, dos-Santos-Silva I, De Stavola B, Steenweg-de Graaff J, Steenweg-de Graaf J, Jaddoe V, Hofman A, Verhulst FC, Steegers E, Tiemeier H. Fertility treatment, twin births, and unplanned pregnancies in women with eating disorders: findings from a population-based birth cohort. BJOG 2013; 121:408-16. [PMID: 24206173 PMCID: PMC4155863 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate fertility treatment, twin births, and unplanned pregnancies in pregnant women with eating disorders in a population-based sample. Design A longitudinal population-based birth cohort (Generation R). Setting Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Sample Women from the Generation R study who reported a history of (recent or past) anorexia nervosa (n = 160), bulimia nervosa (n = 265), or both (n = 130), and a history of psychiatric disorders other than eating disorders (n = 1396) were compared with women without psychiatric disorders (n = 4367). Methods Women were compared on the studied outcomes using logistic regression. We performed crude and adjusted analyses (adjusting for relevant confounding factors). Main outcome measures Fertility treatment, twin births, unplanned pregnancies, and women's feelings towards unplanned pregnancies. Results Relative to women without psychiatric disorders, women with bulimia nervosa had increased odds (odds ratio, OR, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 1.1–5.2) of having undergone fertility treatment. Women with all eating disorders had increased odds of twin births (anorexia nervosa, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.0–7.7; bulimia nervosa, OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.6; anorexia and bulimia nervosa, OR 3.795% CI 1.3–10.7). Anorexia nervosa was associated with increased odds of unplanned pregnancies (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.6) and mixed feelings about these pregnancies (adjusted OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.7–14.4). Pre-pregnancy body mass index did not explain the observed associations. Conclusions Eating disorders are associated with increased odds of receiving fertility treatment and twin births. Women with anorexia nervosa were more likely to have an unplanned pregnancy and have mixed feelings about the unplanned pregnancy. Fertility treatment specialists should be aware that both active and past eating disorders (both anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) might underlie fertility problems.
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Kothari R, Solmi F, Treasure J, Micali N. The neuropsychological profile of children at high risk of developing an eating disorder. Psychol Med 2013; 43:1543-1554. [PMID: 23021014 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291712002188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a large body of evidence indicating that eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by particular neuropsychological profiles. We aimed to further explore whether impairments in neuropsychological functioning previously found in ED groups are present prior to onset, or are secondary to the disorder. Method This is the first study to explore neuropsychological functioning in children born to a mother with a lifetime ED, who are therefore at high risk of developing an ED, in a large cohort sample. We investigated intelligence and attention at age 8 years (n = 6201) and working memory (WM) and inhibition at age 10 years (6192) in children who are at high risk of developing an ED, compared to children who are not. RESULTS The children of women with lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN) showed high full-scale and performance IQ, increased WM capacity, better visuo-spatial functioning, and decreased attentional control. The children of women with lifetime bulimia nervosa (BN) showed comparatively poor visuo-spatial functioning. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that high intelligence, increased WM capacity and impaired attentional control might be intermediate phenotypes on the pathway between genetic vulnerability and the development of an ED.
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Taborelli E, Krug I, Karwautz A, Wagner G, Haidvogl M, Fernandez-Aranda F, Castro R, Jiménez-Murcia S, Anderluh M, Collier D, Treasure JL, Micali N. Maternal Anxiety, Overprotection and Anxious Personality as Risk Factors for Eating Disorder: A Sister Pair Study. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-012-9518-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Micali N, De Stavola B, dos-Santos-Silva I, Steenweg-de Graaff J, Jansen PW, Jaddoe VWV, Hofman A, Verhulst FC, Steegers EAP, Tiemeier H. Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain in women with eating disorders: a population-based cohort study. BJOG 2012; 119:1493-502. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2012.03467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Micali N, Hilton K, Nakatani E, Heyman I, Turner C, Mataix-Cols D. Is childhood OCD a risk factor for eating disorders later in life? A longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2011; 41:2507-2513. [PMID: 21733209 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171100078x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be a risk factor for the development of an eating disorder (ED) later in life, but prospective studies are lacking. We aimed to determine the prevalence of ED at follow-up and clinical predictors in a longitudinal clinical sample of adolescents/young adults diagnosed with OCD in childhood. METHOD All contactable (n=231) young people with OCD assessed over 9 years at a national and specialist paediatric OCD clinic were included in this study. At follow-up, 126 (57%) young people and parents completed the ED section of the Developmental and Well-being Assessment. Predictors for ED were investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS In total, 16 participants (12.7%) had a diagnosis of ED at follow-up. Having an ED was associated with female gender and persistent OCD at follow-up. There was a trend for family history of ED being predictive of ED diagnosis. Five (30%) of those who developed an ED at follow-up had ED symptoms or food-related obsessions/compulsions at baseline. A difference in predictors for an ED versus other anxiety disorders at follow-up was identified. CONCLUSIONS This study provides initial evidence that baseline clinical predictors such as female gender and family history of ED might be specific to the later development of ED in the context of childhood OCD. Clinicians should be alert to ED subthreshold symptoms in young girls presenting with OCD. Future longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the relationship between childhood OCD and later ED.
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Easter A, Treasure J, Micali N. Fertility and prenatal attitudes towards pregnancy in women with eating disorders: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. BJOG 2011; 118:1491-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03077.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Micali N, Simonoff E, Stahl D, Treasure J. FC23-05 - Pregnancy and post-partum depression and anxiety in a longitudinal general population cohort: the effect of eating disorders and past depression. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AimsTo investigate the effect of past depression, past and current eating disorders (ED) on perinatal anxiety and depression in a large general population cohort of pregnant women, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children (ALSPAC).MethodsAnxiety and depression were measured during and after pregnancy in 10,887 women, using the Crown-Crisp Experiential Inventory and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Women were grouped according to depression and ED history: past ED with (n = 123) and without past depression (n = 50), pregnancy ED symptoms with (n = 77) and without past depression (n = 159), past depression only (n = 818) and controls (n = 9,660). We compared the course of depression and anxiety with linear mixed-effect regression models; and probable depressive and anxiety disorders using logistic regression.ResultsWomen with both past depression and past/current ED had high anxiety and depression across time perinatally; this was most marked in the group with pregnancy ED symptoms and past depression (b coefficient:5.1 (95% CI 4.1-6.1), p < 0.0001), especially at 8 months post-partum. At 18 weeks in pregnancy all women (apart from those with past ED only) had a higher risk for a probable depressive and anxiety disorder compared to controls. At 8 months post-partum pregnancy ED symptoms and/or past depression conferred the highest risk for a probable depressive and anxiety disorder.ConclusionsPregnancy ED symptoms and past depression have an additive effect in increasing the risk for depression and anxiety perinatally. Screening at risk women for anxiety and depression in the perinatal period might be beneficial.
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Micali N, Heyman I, Perez M, Hilton K, Nakatani E, Turner C, Mataix-Cols D. Long-term outcomes of obsessive-compulsive disorder: follow-up of 142 children and adolescents. Br J Psychiatry 2010; 197:128-34. [PMID: 20679265 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.075317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often starts in childhood and adolescence and can be a chronic disorder with high persistence rates. There are few prospective long-term follow-up studies. AIMS To follow up young people with OCD to clarify persistence rates and relevant predictors, presence of other psychiatric disorders, functional impairment, service utilisation and perceived treatment needs. METHOD All young people with OCD assessed over 9 years at the National and Specialist Paediatric OCD clinic, Maudsley Hospital, London, were included. Sixty-one per cent (142 of 222) of all contactable young people and parents completed computerised diagnostic interviews and questionnaires. RESULTS We found a persistence rate of OCD of 41%; 40% of participants had a psychiatric diagnosis other than OCD at follow-up. The main predictor for persistent OCD was duration of illness at assessment. High levels of baseline psychopathology predicted other psychiatric disorders at follow-up. Functional impairment and quality of life were mildly to moderately affected. Approximately 50% of participants were still receiving treatment and about 50% felt a need for further treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that paediatric OCD can be a chronic condition that persists into adulthood. Early recognition and treatment might prevent chronicity. Important challenges for services are ensuring adequate treatment and a smooth transition from child to adult services.
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Micali N, Longobardi E, Iotti G, Ferrai C, Castagnaro L, Ricciardi M, Blasi F, Crippa MP. Down syndrome fibroblasts and mouse Prep1-overexpressing cells display increased sensitivity to genotoxic stress. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:3595-604. [PMID: 20110257 PMCID: PMC2887940 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PREP1 (PKNOX1) maps in the Down syndrome (DS) critical region of chromosome 21, is overexpressed in some DS tissues and might be involved in the DS phenotype. By using fibroblasts from DS patients and by overexpressing Prep1 in F9 teratocarcinoma and Prep1i/i MEF to single out the role of the protein, we report that excess Prep1 increases the sensitivity of cells to genotoxic stress and the extent of the apoptosis directly correlates with the level of Prep1. The apoptotic response of Prep1-overexpressing cells is mediated by the pro-apoptotic p53 protein that we show is a direct target of Prep1, as its depletion reverts the apoptotic phenotype. The induction of p53 overcomes the anti-apoptotic role of Bcl-XL, previously shown to be also a Prep1 target, the levels of which are increased in Prep1-overexpressing cells as well. Our results provide a rationale for the involvement of PREP1 in the apoptotic phenotype of DS tissues and indicate that differences in Prep1 level can have drastic effects.
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Longobardi E, Iotti G, Di Rosa P, Mejetta S, Bianchi F, Fernandez-Diaz LC, Micali N, Nuciforo P, Lenti E, Ponzoni M, Doglioni C, Caniatti M, Di Fiore PP, Blasi F. Prep1 (pKnox1)-deficiency leads to spontaneous tumor development in mice and accelerates EmuMyc lymphomagenesis: a tumor suppressor role for Prep1. Mol Oncol 2010; 4:126-34. [PMID: 20106730 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 12/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Prep1 homeodomain transcription factor is essential for embryonic development. 25% of hypomorphic Prep1(i/i) embryos, expressing the gene at 2% of the normal levels, survive pregnancy and live a normal-length life. Later in life, however, these mice develop spontaneous pre-tumoral lesions or solid tumors (lymphomas and carcinomas). In addition, transplantation of E14.5 fetal liver (FL) Prep1(i/i) cells into lethally irradiated mice induces lymphomas. In agreement with the above data, haploinsufficiency of a different Prep1-deficient (null) allele accelerates EmuMyc lymphoma growth. Therefore Prep1 has a tumor suppressor function in mice. Immunohistochemistry on tissue micrroarrays (TMA) generated from three distinct human cohorts comprising a total of some 1000 human tumors revealed that 70% of the tumors express no or extremely low levels of Prep1, unlike normal tissues. Our data in mice are thus potentially relevant to human cancer.
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Micali N, Holliday J, Karwautz A, Haidvogl M, Wagner G, Fernandez-Aranda F, Badia A, Gimenez L, Solano R, Brecelj-Anderluh M, Mohan R, Collier D, Treasure JL. Childhood eating and weight in eating disorders: a multi-centre European study of affected women and their unaffected sisters. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2007; 76:234-41. [PMID: 17570962 DOI: 10.1159/000101502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that childhood eating and weight problems may be risk factors for eating disorders. Robust evidence is still lacking. AIMS To investigate whether childhood eating and weight problems increase the risk of eating disorders in affected women compared to their unaffected sisters. METHODS Women (150) with anorexia (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) recruited from clinical and community samples were compared to their unaffected sister closest in age on maternal reports of childhood eating and weight. RESULTS Women with BN were significantly more overweight at the ages of 5 and 10 (both OR = 2.8, p < 0.01), ate a lot (OR = 1.3, p < 0.01), were less picky (OR = 0.6, p < 0.05) and ate quickly (OR = 2.3, p < 0.05) between the ages of 6 and 10 compared to their healthy sisters. Significantly more women with AN were described as having a higher weight at 6 months (OR = 0.8, p < 0.01) and 1 year (OR = 0.6, p < 0.01) compared to their healthy sisters. Childhood eating was comparable in the women with AN and their unaffected sisters. CONCLUSIONS Traits of childhood overeating were more common in bulimic women compared to their unaffected siblings. Subjects with AN did not differ from their sisters on eating variables. The increased risk of BN due to childhood overweight suggests that prevention strategies for childhood obesity and overweight may therefore be applicable in BN.
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Ferretti E, Villaescusa JC, Di Rosa P, Fernandez-Diaz LC, Longobardi E, Mazzieri R, Miccio A, Micali N, Selleri L, Ferrari G, Blasi F. Hypomorphic mutation of the TALE gene Prep1 (pKnox1) causes a major reduction of Pbx and Meis proteins and a pleiotropic embryonic phenotype. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:5650-62. [PMID: 16847320 PMCID: PMC1592771 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00313-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of Prep1 and Pbx homeodomain transcription factors regulates their activity, nuclear localization, and likely, function in development. To understand the in vivo role of Prep1, we have analyzed an embryonic lethal hypomorphic mutant mouse (Prep1(i/i)). Prep1(i/i) embryos die at embryonic day 17.5 (E17.5) to birth with an overall organ hypoplasia, severe anemia, impaired angiogenesis, and eye anomalies, particularly in the lens and retina. The anemia correlates with delayed differentiation of erythroid progenitors and may be, at least in part, responsible for intrauterine death. At E14.5, Prep1 is present in fetal liver (FL) cMyb-positive cells, whose deficiency causes a marked hematopoietic phenotype. Prep1 is also localized to FL endothelial progenitors, consistent with the observed angiogenic phenotype. Likewise, at the same gestational day, Prep1 is present in the eye cells that bear Pax6, implicated in eye development. The levels of cMyb and Pax6 in FL and in the retina, respectively, are significantly decreased in Prep1(i/i) embryos, consistent with the hematopoietic and eye phenotypes. Concomitantly, Prep1 deficiency results in the overall decrease of protein levels of its related family member Meis1 and its partners Pbx1 and Pbx2. As both Prep1 and Meis interact with Pbx, the overall Prep1/Meis-Pbx DNA-binding activity is strongly reduced in whole Prep1(i/i) embryos and their organs. Our data indicate that Prep1 is an essential gene that acts upstream of and within a Pbx-Meis network that regulates multiple aspects of embryonic development.
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Crupi V, Majolino D, Migliardo P, Venuti V, Micali N, Villari V, Mineo P, Vitalini D, Scamporrino E. Aggregation effects in aqueous solutions of Star-polymers by spectroscopic investigations. J Mol Struct 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(02)00692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Alibrandi G, Coppolino S, Micali N, Villari A. Release from transdermal delivery systems. Application of a new non isothermic method to Trans-Ver-Sal patches. BOLLETTINO CHIMICO FARMACEUTICO 2003; 142:102-4. [PMID: 12806826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper a new non isothermic method for the determination of the release drug rate constant (k) from a transdermal delivery system is proposed. The new method was applied to transdermal patches Trans-Ver-Sal. The results obtained prove to be able to release salicylic acid of transdermal system and the effectiveness of the new method propose.
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Alibrandi G, Coppolino S, Micali N, Villari A. Fast rolitetracycline stability determination by spectrophotometer variable-temperature kinetic experiments. BOLLETTINO CHIMICO FARMACEUTICO 2003; 142:51-3. [PMID: 12705090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The pseudo-first order rate constant for the hydrolysis of rolitetracycline as a function of temperature was obtained by performing variable-temperature kinetic experiments. The results are in agreement with those obtained at constant-parameter kinetics but saving experimental time and chemicals.
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Magazu S, Maisano G, Majolino D, Mallamace F, Migliardo P, Micali N. Structural changes in potassium oleate microemulsions by ultrasound measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100345a073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lacaille F, Micali N, Lachaux A, Morali A, Sarles J, Rieu D, Chouraqui JP, Maurage C, Gottrand F. [Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with interferon in children]. Arch Pediatr 2002; 9:339-40. [PMID: 11938548 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(01)00773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Micali N, Mallamace F, Castriciano M, Romeo A, Scolaro LM. Separation of scattering and absorption contributions in UV/visible spectra of resonant systems. Anal Chem 2001; 73:4958-63. [PMID: 11681472 DOI: 10.1021/ac010379n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Resonance light scattering (RLS) is a phenomenon due to an enhancement of the scattered light in close proximity to an absorption band. The effect is easily detectable in the case of strongly absorbing chromophores, which are able to interact, thus leading to large aggregates (Pasternack, R. F.; Collings, P. J. Science 1995, 269, 935). The measurement of absorption spectra from solutions containing such resonant systems can lead to misleading results. In this paper, a simple method is described to obtain absorption spectra of aggregated species with a fairly good correction of the scattering component. The RLS spectrum, obtained using a common spectrofluorimeter, is correlated to the extinction spectrum of the same sample, allowing for an estimation of the scattering contribution to the total extinction spectrum. The method has been successfully applied both on real samples containing aggregated chromophores, such as porphyrins, chlorophyll a and gold colloids, and by simulating extinction spectra.
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Abstract
The complete pH-rate profile of the hydrolysis reaction of aspirin, requiring many experiments in the past, was obtained by a single variable-parameter kinetic experiment carried out by varying the hydrogen ion concentration. The experiment was carried out spectrophotometrically, reading automatically absorbance, pH, and temperature inside the reaction vessel. The results obtained by the fast processing of the kinetic profile are identical to those obtained under the same conditions but using traditional constant-pH kinetic runs. This method provides the possibility of reducing the amount of time and chemicals usually spent in collecting kinetic data in such mechanistic studies by nearly two orders of magnitude.
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Mallamace F, Gambadauro P, Micali N, Tartaglia P, Liao C, Chen S. Kinetic glass transition in a micellar system with short-range attractive interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:5431-5434. [PMID: 10990961 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.5431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We show that percolation and structural arrest transitions coexist in different regions of the phase diagram of a copolymer-micellar system and relate them to short-range intermicellar attraction. The intermediate scattering function shows a nonergodic transition along a temperature and concentration dependent line. Analyses show a logarithmic time dependence, attributed to a higher-order glass transition singularity predicted by mode-coupling theory, followed by a power law.
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Mallamace F, Gambadauro P, Lesieur P, Lombardo D, Micali N, Romeo A, Monsù Scolaro L. Scaling properties in the structure of new complex materials (porphyrins and dendritic polymer systems). J Appl Crystallogr 2000. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889899013771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Lobry L, Micali N, Mallamace F, Liao C, Chen SH. Interaction and percolation in the L64 triblock copolymer micellar system. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1999; 60:7076-87. [PMID: 11970647 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.7076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/1999] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
We present results of analyses of an extensive set of static light scattering (SLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and viscoelastic (frequency dependent complex moduli) measurements of aqueous solutions of a triblock copolymer micellar system. We investigate Pluronic L64 (PEO(13)PPO(30)PEO(13))-water system in a wide range of composition and temperature. We determine phase diagram of the disordered micellar phase, including a cmc-cmt curve, a cloud point curve, the critical concentration, and the critical temperature by means of SLS and SANS. The microstructure and interaction between micelles are determined by analyses of SANS intensities. SANS intensity distributions are well described by combining the cap-and-gown model for the polymer segmental distribution within a micelle and the sticky hard sphere model for the intermicellar structure factor. The existence of percolation loci at well defined poins in the temperature-concentration plane is inferred from an abrupt increase of the stickiness parameter extracted from SANS data and from two order of magnitude jump of the complex moduli at the percolation point. Study of temperature dependence of real (storage) and imaginary (loss) part of the complex modulus at fixed concentration and frequency lends further support to the existence of a percolation line. We observe an increase of some order of magnitude of the real and imaginary part of viscosity at certain temperature and composition, a phenomenon usually ascribed to a gelation process in a polymer solution. The definitive confirmation of the percolation process is obtained by frequency dependent complex viscosity measured in a frequency range 0-160 (rad/sec). From these measurements we clearly observe a well defined frequency scaling behavior of the complex moduli and a loss angle (delta) independent of the frequency. Scaling exponents, determined for frequency-dependent complex moduli satisfy the scaling relations predicted by the scalar elasticity percolation theory.
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Ficarra R, Villari A, Micali N, Tommasini S, Calabrò ML, Di Bella MR, Melardi S, Agresta MF, Coppolino S, Stancanelli R. Stability study of piroxicam and cinnoxicam in solid pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 20:283-8. [PMID: 10704033 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The pseudo-first order rate constant for the hydrolysis of cinnoxicam as a function of temperature was obtained by variable-temperature kinetic experiments. The method used is on a generalization of non-isothermal analysis, and takes advantage of the capabilities of modern data collection and processing systems. A spectrophotometric method under non isothermal conditions was carried out. The results obtained are identical to those obtained under the same conditions by using traditional constant-temperature kinetic runs. This provides the possibility of reducing the amount of time spent and chemicals usually used in collecting kinetic data in mechanistic studies in solution by an order of magnitude.
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Stewart JP, Micali N, Usherwood EJ, Bonina L, Nash AA. Murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 glycoprotein 150 protects against virus-induced mononucleosis: a model system for gamma-herpesvirus vaccination. Vaccine 1999; 17:152-7. [PMID: 9987149 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) is a model for the study of the pathogenesis of gamma-herpesviruses. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a highly related gamma-herpesvirus that causes significant disease in humans. The major membrane antigen gp350 of EBV is a candidate vaccine antigen for protection against EBV-related disease. An MHV-68 glycoprotein, gp150, has significant homology to EBV gp350. We have therefore used the MHV-68 gp150 to model the potential efficacy of EBV gp350 in protecting from virus-associated disease. A recombinant vaccinia virus expressing MHV-68 gp150 was constructed. This recombinant vaccinia virus was used to infect mice via the subcutaneous route. This vaccination resulted in production of MHV-68-neutralising antibodies. Mice were then challenged intra-nasally with MHV-68. MHV-68-associated mononucleosis was virtually abrogated in immunised mice. However, mice did establish MHV-68 latency. The results suggest that gp350 may be effective as an immunogen to prevent EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis in humans that are EBV-seronegative.
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Mallamace F, Micali N, Chen SH. Spinodal Decomposition in Bicontinuous Microemulsions Studied by Ultra-Small-Angle Time-Resolved Light Scattering. J Appl Crystallogr 1997. [DOI: 10.1107/s0021889897001908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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