26
|
Quaglino P, Ponti R, Novelli M, Savoia P, Fava P, Papini M, Bernengo MG. Flow cytometric analyses of circulating regulatory T cells in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and other immune mediated dermatoses. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2013; 148:197-201. [PMID: 23588145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role by maintaining the peripheral tolerance and inhibiting autoimmunity. In recent years, numerous autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases have been shown to present significant number depletion and/or function impairment of this subset. In the present study, we present a brief overview of the results obtained by our group in association with the centers belonging to the Italian Immunopathology Group, as to the expression levels and biological significance of circulating regulatory CD4+CD25+brightFOXP3+ T cells in a variety of immune-mediated skin diseases (such as psoriasis, scleroderma, bullous pemphigoid and GvHD), together with preliminary results achieved in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-related dermatoses. This review shows that this series of different cutaneous diseases characterised by an immune-mediated pathogenesis, share a significant down-regulation of circulating FOXP3+ Treg cells, whilst the treatment and the achievement of clinical response are generally associated with an opposite phenomenon with up-regulation of Treg cells. Future studies are mandatory to identify the effective role of these modifications in the disease pathogenesis as well as its relationship with the clinical response.
Collapse
|
27
|
Quaglino P, Pimpinelli N, Berti E, Calzavara-Pinton P, Lombardo GA, Rupoli S, Alaibac M, Arcaini L, Bagnato S, Baldo A, Bottoni U, Carbone A, Cestari R Clerico R, De Renzo A, Fava P, Fierro MT, Filotico R, Fimiani M, Frontani M Girgenti V, Goteri G, Leali C, Mamusa AM, Mariotti G, Mastrandrea V, Pellegrini C, Pennese E, Pileri A, Savoia P, Stelitano C, Titli S, Virgili A, Zichichi L, Zinzani PL, Bernengo MG. Mycosis fungoides: disease evolution of the "lion queen" revisited. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2012; 147:523-531. [PMID: 23149698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mycosis fungoides (MF), which represents the most common subtype of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), is an epidermotropic lymphoma included as an indolent form in the recent WHO/EORTC classification. From a clinical point of view, the classic disease progression usually is slow and takes over years or even decades, and characterized by the evolution from patches to more infiltrated plaques and eventually to tumours or erythroderma. However, the analysis of the MF disease course has been greatly impaired by the rarity of the disease, thus data about the time course of disease progression and pattern of relapse during time are not well known. In this review, a summary of published data on MF large patients cohorts will be presented, together with the results obtained by a retrospective analysis of clinical features and follow-up data of 1,422 MF patients diagnosed and followed-up from 1975 to 2010 in 27 Italian Centres (Italian Study Group for Cutaneous Lymphoma). From a clinical perspective, the amount of data support the relevance of a stage-tailored, differentiated follow-up strategy, in as much as the TNMB staging appears not only to be associated with different progression rates, but also shows as a new finding a relationship with different patterns of disease progression. From a biological point of view, there is the need to understand the molecular basis of the different clinical pathways of disease progression, to be able to potentially identify at an earlier phase of disease evolution, the patients who are more likely to develop erythroderma or tumour-stage progression. In conclusion, if MF is indeed a true "lion queen", as dermatologists we need to be expert and wise tamers to keep it under control.
Collapse
|
28
|
Savoia P, Fava P, Caliendo V, Osella-Abate S, Ribero S, Quaglino P, Macripò G, Bernengo M. Disease progression in melanoma patients with negative sentinel lymph node: does false-negative specimens entirely account for this phenomenon? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:242-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
29
|
Sberveglieri V, Concina I, Falasconi M, Ongo E, Pulvirenti A, Fava P, Gouma P. Identification Of Geographical Origin Of Coffee Before And After Roasting By Electronic Noses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3626316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
30
|
Fava P, Vuong T. 3620 Of money and healthcare. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
31
|
Fava P, Stroppiana E, Savoia P, Bernengo MG. Halo nevi related to treatment with imatinib in a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans patient. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009; 24:244-5. [PMID: 19694892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2009.03404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
32
|
Fierro M, Novelli M, Quaglino P, Comessatti A, Fava P, Ortoncelli M, Ponti R, Bernengo M. Heterogeneity of Circulating CD4+ Memory T-Cell Subsets in Erythrodermic Patients: CD27 Analysis Can Help to Distinguish Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas from Inflammatory Erythroderma. Dermatology 2008; 216:213-21. [DOI: 10.1159/000112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
33
|
Fava P, Devic S, Vuong T. 940 POSTER Body immobilization systems: gadgets or tools? EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)70579-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
34
|
Nobile MD, Piergiovanni L, Buonocore G, Fava P, Puglisi M, Nicolais L. Naringinase Immobilization in Polymeric Films Intended for Food Packaging Applications. J Food Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb07016.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
35
|
Del Nobile M, Buonocore G, Limbo S, Fava P. Shelf Life Prediction of Cereal-based Dry Foods Packed in Moisture-sensitive Films. J Food Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09642.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Piergiovanni L, Limbo S, Riva M, Fava P. Assessment of the risk of physical contamination of bread packaged in perforated oriented polypropylene films: measurements, procedures and results. FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS 2003; 20:186-95. [PMID: 12623668 DOI: 10.1080/0265203021000031555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Perforated films used for wrapping factory-manufactured bread must permit a very rapid and intense moisture exchange because the packaging operation is carried out while the bread is still warm (about 80 degrees C) and releasing a high quantity of moisture. The open surface of the wrapping of those products sold in self-service retail outlets generates suspicion about possible contamination of bread not properly handled by the consumers and a better knowledge of the performance of these materials seems appropriate. Using two different approaches, the geometrical characteristics and perforation pattern of 13 different oriented polypropylene (OPP) films representative of the whole European market were assessed objectively. All the measured parameters (density of perforation, hole dimension, open surface, etc.) showed asymmetric distributions, i.e. with averages close to the lowest figures. Similar asymmetric distribution was shown from the 'risk of contamination' by artificial sweat and saliva: an empirical parameter which was measured by procedures developed to simulate the worst possible case of inappropriate manipulation of the packed bread. Good correlation was found between the 'risk of contamination' and both the 'hole surface' (mm(2)) and the 'open surface' (percentage holes surface/film surface), leading to the conclusion that the proposed procedures could represent useful methodologies for assessment of such a particular case of possible food contamination.
Collapse
|
37
|
DelNobile M, Buonocore G, Fava P, Piergiovanni L. Modeling of Hexanal Sorption Kinetic in an Aldehydes Scavenger Film Intended for Food Packaging Applications. J Food Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
38
|
Vuong T, Moftah B, Fava P, Evans M, Souhami L, Podgorsak E. 36 Conformal endorectal high dose rate brachytherapy treatment of locally advanced and resectable rectal carcinoma using 3D treatment planning. Radiother Oncol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(01)80043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Vuong T, Parker W, Patrocinio HJ, Fava P, Parmar D, Evans MD, Freeman CR. An alternative mantle irradiation technique using 3D CT- based treatment planning for female patients with Hodgkin's disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000; 47:739-48. [PMID: 10837959 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE For female patients, radiotherapy treatment for Hodgkin's disease invariably results in the irradiation of breast tissue that may lead to radiation induced secondary cancers. The risk for secondary breast cancer is correlated with dose. We have developed a technique in an attempt to increase breast sparing during mantle field irradiation for female patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS To minimize the irradiated breast volume, a virtual simulation technique making use of a Styrofoam breast immobilization board has been developed whereby the patient lies prone with the breasts positioned in grooves within the board. The breast position is adjusted using Styrofoam wedges, and breast placement is verified using an AP CT-pilot view. A CT scan of the neck and thoracic regions is taken, and the lymph nodes, breast volume and critical structures are outlined. Virtual simulation of the mantle fields (typically AP/PA isocentric beams) is performed, and beam blocks are drawn on the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRR) generated by the virtual simulation package. The shielding is designed to allow adequate margins around the lymph nodes while maximizing shielding of the lung and breast tissues. The para-aortic fields are also easily determined through virtual simulation, where multi-planar reconstructions (MPR) and 3D renderings of the patient's CT data are used to determine the field limits and beam gaps. In addition to allowing for the geometric optimization of the positioning of the breasts under the lung shields, the virtual simulation technique provides the necessary information for a 3D dosimetric analysis, including dose-volume histograms (DVHs) of the irradiated breast volume. RESULTS The 3D breast sparing technique was qualitatively and quantitatively compared to non-CT-based techniques and other 3D techniques currently available to assess the protection of the breasts. In a preliminary analysis, virtual simulation images (DRRs, 3D rendering and multi-planar reconstruction) demonstrated the advantage of using the breast sparing technique. A further analysis of DVHs showed a reduction of at least 50% in the volume of breast tissue irradiated when using the breast positioning board and virtual simulation as compared to the conventional simulation techniques where a breast immobilization board was not used. CONCLUSIONS The use of a breast immobilization board and of a virtual simulation technique is recommended for the planning and treatment of female patients with Hodgkin's disease. DVH analysis has shown that this leads to a decrease in the volume of breast irradiated. It is hoped that this approach will reduce the risk of secondary breast malignancies in female patients with Hodgkin's disease.
Collapse
|
40
|
Piergiovanni L, Fava P, Schiraldi A. Study of diffusion through LDPE film of Di-n-butyl phthalate. FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS 1999; 16:353-9. [PMID: 10645349 DOI: 10.1080/026520399283920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The apparent diffusion coefficients (D) across a PE-LD film of Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) dissolved in isooctane and ethanol, were calculated in different ways and compared. DnBP, a common plasticizer of plastics and printing inks, may be a possible contaminant of flexible packaging and PE-LD is the most common food-contacting polymer. To perform diffusion measurements, small plastic sachets filled with solutions of the contaminant were used at three different temperatures. The D coefficients of the two solvents and dissolved DnBP were calculated using the lag time method, a formula taking into account the molar weight and absolute temperature, and an equation based on the initial concentration and the amounts migrated after subsequent times. The results demonstrated great solvent interference in the plasticizer diffusion across polyethylene; in particular as far as isooctane is concerned, a remarkable co-diffusion of both the plasticizer and the non-polar solvent must be assumed. Isooctane quickly penetrates PE-LD but ethanol also diffuses across PE-LD, although at a greatly reduced speed. These facts must be considered for realistic prediction of migration or effectiveness of the functional barrier.
Collapse
|
41
|
Vuong T, Parker W, Fava P, Parmar D, Patrocinio H, Podgorsak E. Advantages of 3D CT based treatment planning in female patients with Hodgkin lymphoma compared to conventional non CT planned mantle technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(98)80543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
42
|
Piergiovanni L, Fava P. Minimizing the residual oxygen in modified atmosphere packaging of bakery products. FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS 1997; 14:765-73. [PMID: 9373539 DOI: 10.1080/02652039709374587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The total elimination of air represents a serious hurdle in modified atmosphere packaging of bakery products, due both to the high spin-rates of the packaging lines and, particularly, to the typical texture of bakery products which retain large quantities of air inside their porous structure. Simulating the gas-flushing modified atmosphere packaging with laboratory equipment and measuring the oxygen concentration directly inside bread rolls, by means of a gas analyser connected with the internal portion, it was possible to follow the rate of atmosphere substitution, evaluating the effects of different baking treatments (7, 12 and 23 min at 230 degrees C) and the role played by different gases (nitrogen, argon, helium, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide). The oxygen content inside the products, plotted versus time, led to typical logistic 'dose-response' curves which made it possible to forecast the time needed to reach established values of residual oxygen concentration and to emphasize the effects of the different conditions used. The gas properties particularly affected the rate of oxygen substitution and the less water-soluble was the gas, the faster was the oxygen reduction; the larger was the gas molecule, the slower was the process. Also baking time was shown to have, to a different extent, some measurable effects on the rate of oxygen substitution and hence, its optimization as well as the choice of gas mixture can contribute to improve modified atmosphere packaging of bakery products.
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prospective, single-treatment-arm, Phase I/II trial was performed to determine the tumor response to an accelerated regimen and assess the feasibility and toxic effects of this approach in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Thirty-seven previously untreated patients with inoperable NSCLC who had no evidence of metastatic disease entered the study. All patients were able to walk and had disease that was measurable or assessable. Patients with palpable supraclavicular disease and weight loss were also eligible. Radiation therapy consisted of an altered fractionation regimen with a concomitant boost technique. The original lung volume received a dose of 40 Gy in 20 daily fractions to the computerized axial tomography (CT)-defined primary tumor and mediastinal nodes. The boost dose (10 Gy) was administered concomitantly with the last five fractions of the original volume treatments, with an interfraction interval of 6-8 hours. The maximal allowed dose to the cord was 46 Gy. RESULTS At a median follow-up of 36 months, complete response was achieved in 29% (9 of 31) of the patients and a partial response in 42% (13 of 31). The overall survival rate at 36 months was 10% (median survival time, 8 months). Survival rates were 25%, 8%, and 0% for the complete responders, partial responders, and nonresponders, respectively. Local failure alone was observed in 35.5% of all patients, local and distant failure in 42%, and distant failure only in 13%. Treatments were well tolerated, and all patients were able to complete the planned regimen. Grade 1 and 2 esophagitis occurred in 65% and 26% of the patients, respectively. The clinical condition of two patients (6%) was compatible with radiation pneumonitis. Moist desquamation of the skin occurred in two patients, but most had either mild (55%) or moderate (19%) skin erythema. Late complications have been limited to radiologically detected lung fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS The accelerated fractionation schedule used in this trial was well tolerated with shortening of overall treatment time. Local tumor control and overall survival are similar to those resulting from conventional fractionation without an increase in normal tissue effects. These results are encouraging, and additional studies testing higher tumor doses are warranted.
Collapse
|
44
|
Pujadas R, Escriva E, Jane J, Argimon J, Fernandez F, Fava P, Galera M, Garau J. Tolerance and efficacy of parenterally administered penicillin-streptomycin and orally administered amoxicillin or penicillin V for prophylaxis of experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34:321-5. [PMID: 2109579 PMCID: PMC171580 DOI: 10.1128/aac.34.2.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A regimen of a single intramuscular dose of penicillin G-streptomycin was compared with regimens of three oral doses of amoxicillin and two oral doses of penicillin V to prevent Streptococcus sanguis endocarditis in rabbits with experimentally induced valvular heart lesions. Challenge doses of 10(4), 10(6), and 10(8) CFU of a strain of S. sanguis highly tolerant to penicillin and amoxicillin were used. The combination of penicillin and streptomycin was the only regimen tested that provided full protection even against the highest inoculum concentration. A single oral dose of penicillin V (36 mg/kg) or amoxicillin (50 mg/kg), two oral doses of penicillin V (36 and 18 mg/kg with a 7-h interval between doses), or six oral doses of amoxicillin (50 mg/kg followed by 8.5 mg/kg at 8-h intervals) protected recipients of the lowest inoculum concentration; protection diminished with increasing inocula. In contrast, administration of two high oral doses of amoxicillin (50 mg/kg) with a 10-h interval between doses provided full protection against challenge doses of 10(4) and 10(6) CFU, preventing endocarditis in 10 (66%) of 15 recipients of 10(8) CFU. All regimens evaluated were highly effective in preventing endocarditis when rabbits were challenged with 10(4) CFU. The combination of penicillin and streptomycin was the best regimen tested. Administration of two high oral doses of amoxicillin (50 mg/kg) with a 10-h interval between doses led to significantly fewer infections when compared with the other oral regimens when rabbits were challenged with 10(6) and 10(8) CFU.
Collapse
|
45
|
Fava P, Geck P, Brändle K, Bereiter-Hahn J. Density-related changes of potassium (86Rb) uptake by amphibian endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 1988; 136:111-7. [PMID: 2840438 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041360114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Potassium influx has been investigated in XTH-2 cells, a line derived from tadpole heart endothelia. In this line, the density at which the cultures become confluent is clearly separated from the density at which growth arrest takes place. Density-related changes in K+ influx were monitored by determining the uptake of 86Rb into well adhering cells kept in culture medium. The main observations were 1) 86Rb uptake is highest in single cells, and on confluency it reaches a low level, which is kept constant at higher cell density regardless of whether the cultures are stationary or still in logarithmic growth phase; 2) the relative amount of 86Rb taken up via the Na+ -K+ -2Cl- cotransport pathway and via the Na+/K+ pump changes from low cell density to confluent cultures; 86Rb uptake of single cells is nearly insensitive to ouabain, a maximum of ouabain sensitivity is reached around confluency, whereas piretanide-sensitive 86Rb uptake is highest in single cells and seems to reach a minimum at the onset of confluency; 3) the variations in Na+/K+ pumping rate reflect neither differences in the amount of enzyme present nor changes in enzyme repartition between apical and basolateral plasma membranes; they seem to result from either "masking" or "unmasking" of the enzyme; 4) no alterations in K+ uptake occur that would be characteristic of the "stationary growth phase." The only changes that seem to be related to arrest of proliferation are concerned with the Na+/K+-ATPase, which achieves an extraordinary susceptibility to stimulation by monensin and exhibits an increase in PNPPase activity.
Collapse
|
46
|
Pujadas R, Escrivá E, Fernández F, Jané J, Argimón J, Fava P, Galera MC. [Effect of various doses of aspirin on the development of aseptic thrombotic aortic endocarditis experimentally induced in the rabbit]. Rev Esp Cardiol 1988; 41:31-4. [PMID: 3353564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
47
|
Pujadas R, Escriva E, Jane J, Galera MC, Fava P, Garau J, Mirelis B. Efficacy of orally administered penicillin V for prophylaxis of experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31:1474-7. [PMID: 3124728 PMCID: PMC174974 DOI: 10.1128/aac.31.10.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Four oral penicillin V regimens were compared for the ability to prevent Streptococcus sanguis infection of experimentally induced valvular heart lesions in rabbits. Challenge doses of 10(4), 10(6), and 10(8) CFU of a penicillin-susceptible strain of S. sanguis were used in this study. Measured by recovery of test organisms from endocardial lesions, the lowest-concentration inoculum was infective for 53% of the recipients; the higher-concentration inocula were infective for all recipients. A single-oral-dose penicillin V regimen (36 mg/kg of body weight) prevented endocarditis when rabbits were challenged with 10(4) CFU, but protection diminished with increasing inoculum concentrations. In contrast, addition of a second penicillin V dose (18 mg/kg of body weight) administered with a 7-h interval between doses achieved fully effective prophylaxis against even the highest inoculum tested (10(8) CFU). A repeated set of experiments in which half the dose of penicillin V was administered showed significantly reduced protection against S. sanguis endocarditis.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bergmann JF, Fava P, Bitker MO, Chatelain C, Caulin C, Segrestaa JM. [Priapism during treatment with calcium heparinate]. Therapie 1987; 42:250-1. [PMID: 3617006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
49
|
|
50
|
Pujadas R, Escriva E, Jane J, Fernandez F, Fava P, Garau J. Comparative capacity of orally administered amoxicillin and parenterally administered penicillin-streptomycin to protect rabbits against experimentally induced streptococcal endocarditis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1986; 29:909-12. [PMID: 3729348 PMCID: PMC284177 DOI: 10.1128/aac.29.5.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A single-intramuscular-dose immunization regimen with a penicillin G-streptomycin combination was compared with three oral-dose amoxicillin regimens for the capacity to prevent Streptococcus sanguis infections of experimentally induced valvular heart lesions in rabbits. Challenge doses of 10(4), 10(6), and 10(8) CFU of a strain of S. sanguis equally susceptible to penicillin and amoxicillin were used in this study. Measured by recovery of test organisms from endocardial lesions, the lowest concentration of these inocula was infective for 60% of the recipients; the two higher-concentration inocula were infective for all recipients. The penicillin G-streptomycin combination provided complete protection against infection with inocula of all sizes. A single-oral-dose amoxicillin regimen (50 mg/kg of body weight) prevented endocarditis when rabbits were challenged with 10(4) CFU, but protection diminished with increasing inoculum concentrations. Similar results were achieved when five oral doses of amoxicillin (8.5 mg/kg of body weight) added at 8-h intervals were included in the single-oral-dose regimen. In contrast, when rabbits received two oral doses of amoxicillin (50 mg/kg of body weight) with a 10-h interval between doses, prophylaxis was fully effective with even the highest inoculum concentration.
Collapse
|