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Yang PY, Huang CC, Leu HS, Chiang PC, Wu TL, Tsao TC. Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia: community-acquired vs. nosocomial infections. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2001; 24:688-96. [PMID: 11820649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study attempted to determine the clinical manifestations and influential factors affecting the prognosis of patients with community-acquired and nosocomial bacteremia of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 211 patients who had a clinically significant episode of K. pneumoniae bacteremia from January 1997 until December 1999. RESULTS Most reports describe K. pneumoniae bacteremia as typically nosocomial, but in our study approximately 3 of 4 episodes were community-acquired. Without including "unknown origin", the most common infectious site for both community-acquired and nosocomial bacteremia was the hepatobiliary tract. The overall mortality for all 211 patients with K. pneumoniae bacteremia was 25.1%. Significantly higher mortality rates occurred in patients who were elderly (> 65 years), had a nosocomial infection, for whom the respiratory tract was the portal of entry, and ultimately fatal conditions or acute complications were due to shock or renal insufficiency. CONCLUSIONS Patients with community-acquired and nosocomial bacteremia had different types of underlying diseases. Isolates from nosocomial infections were significantly more frequently resistant to aminoglycosides, antipseudomonal penicillin, and all three generations of cephalosporins. In this regard, an aggressive empirical therapeutic approach to infections of K. pneumoniae is suggested.
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Qian X, Yang PY, Maekawa T. Evaluation of direct removal of nitrate with entrapped mixed microbial cell technology using ethanol as the carbon source. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2001; 73:584-589. [PMID: 11765994 DOI: 10.2175/106143001x139650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological denitrification from simulated contaminated groundwater using ethanol as an external carbon source was investigated with an entrapped mixed microbial cell (EMMC) system. Ethanol was used as an external carbon source to serve both as the energy source for the nitrate removal reaction and substrate for microorganisms in the system. The hydraulic retention time and chemical oxygen demand (COD)/nitrogen ratio significantly affect nitrate removal performance and, therefore, must be monitored carefully to achieve high rates of nitrate and COD removal. The effect of packing ratios of carriers in the reactor on nitrate removal performance was also investigated. The removal of nitrate and COD in reactors with various carrier packing ratios (12, 22, and 35%) is not significantly different during steady-state operation. However, the start-up periods in these three reactors are significantly different. The highest packing ratio can result in a fast removal of nitrate during the start-up periods. Results of solids retention time (SRT) analysis indicate that a long SRT in the EMMC system contributes to the stable removal of nitrate and to fast start up of the system. The increase of SRT is related to the increase in days of operation, SRT is maintained at a level of more than 200 days.
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Chen YF, Yang PY, Hung CM, Hu DN. Transplantation of autologous cultured melanocytes for treatment of large segmental vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 44:543-5. [PMID: 11209136 DOI: 10.1067/mjd.2001.110658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Chou YL, Yang PY, Huang CC, Leu HS, Tsao TC. Fatal and non-fatal chromobacterial septicemia: report of two cases. CHANG GUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL 2000; 23:492-7. [PMID: 11039252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromobacterium violaceum is frequently found in soil and water in tropical and subtropical regions. The organism rarely causes infection in humans, but is associated with a high mortality rate when it occurs. Septicemia associated with abscess in multiple organs such as the liver, skin, lungs, spleen, lymph nodes, and brain has been reported. We report on 2 patients with systemic infections with Chromobacterium violaceum. One presented with a fulminant course with multiple organ involvement and died 78 days later. The other presented with a milder course and survived after antibiotic therapy. In conclusion, infection with Chromobacterium violaceum is rare but its course is usually fulminant with high mortality especially in patients with sepsis and multiple organ involvement. We hope this report will provide additional information to physicians in the treatment of this disease.
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Chen YF, Chang JS, Yang PY, Hung CM, Huang MH, Hu DN. Transplant of cultured autologous pure melanocytes after laser-abrasion for the treatment of segmental vitiligo. J Dermatol 2000; 27:434-9. [PMID: 10935339 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2000.tb02201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Segmental vitiligo is a special type of vitiligo with unilateral distribution of lesions and has a stable course. Clinically, many patients with segmental vitiligo have unsatisfactory responses to topical corticosteroid or UV phototherapy. We have developed a technique for the isolation of melanocytes from a small specimen of normally pigmented skin obtained via a suction blister. The melanocytes can be proliferated in culture and then replanted onto laser-abrased vitiliginous areas. We used this procedure to treat 25 patients with segmental vitiligo that were refractory to medical therapy. The repigmented portion of the total treated area amounted to 95-100% in 21 patients and 65 to 94% in 4 patients. The response rate to treatment was 100% in this study. No scarring or other side-effects developed. The results of this study demonstrate that this method is a valuable tool for the treatment of patients with segmental vitiligo.
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Yang PY, Tsao TC, Lin JL, Lyu RK, Chiang PC. Carbofuran-induced delayed neuropathy. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY. CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY 2000; 38:43-6. [PMID: 10696923 DOI: 10.1081/clt-100100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although carbamates have been widely used in the world for many years, carbamate-induced delayed neuropathy is rare. We report what appears to be delayed neuropathy caused by poisoning with carbofuran, a cholinesterase-inhibiting carbamate, although the certainty of diagnosis is somewhat limited by the lack of a sural nerve biopsy and spinal fluid examination. CASE REPORT A 23-year-old man attempted suicide by ingesting 100 mL of carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate). After recovering from acute cholinergic toxicity, he had notable paresthesia in his lower limbs and difficulty walking. Electrophysiologic findings revealed sensorimotor neuropathy. Recovery began at 1 week and continued for 4 months. A similar delayed neuropathy has been described with carbamate, 1-naphthyl N-methylcarbamate, and m-tolyl methylcarbamate, but not with carbofuran insecticides.
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Chen HJ, Liao CM, Yang PY. Development of a prefabricated treatment plant for diluted pig wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 1999; 34:1009-1021. [PMID: 10565424 DOI: 10.1080/03601239909373242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop a prefabricated treatment and reuse plant for diluted pig wastewater, an entrapped-mixed-microbial-cell (EMMC) process was evaluated for its process performance and economic analysis. At the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 30 hrs (loading rate of 1.0 g TCOD/L/d) and intermittent aeration of 1 hr of aeration and 1 hr of non-aeration, it was found that, by using the pretreatment of the ammonium crystallization, both the medium and large carriers were able to reduce TCOD, SCOD, and T-N by 83.51, 84.11, and 95.10%, respectively. The EMMC unit and lime post-treatment followed by ammonium crystallization can reduce BOD5, TCOD, SCOD, TSS, T-N, and T-P, respectively by 99.22, 93.85, 92.67, 97.73, 96.43, and 97.27%. The treated wastewater, after disinfection, is able to meet the requirements of the standards issued by the USEPA for reuse of food crops. The economic analysis indicates that based on the process performance of the EMMC unit, a prefabricated wastewater treatment plant for 2000 pigs has comparable net present worth (NPW) comparing intermittent aerated biological systems and less operation and maintenance and land requirement than conventional biological processes for removal carbon and nitrogen. A farm operation of more than 2000 pigs meets the unit cost of US$4.91/pig/yr. This will minimize the problems pertaining to technical factors or considerations that heavily influence planning, construction and operation of a pig wastewater treatment system.
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Yang PY, Chern MS, Lin FC. Aberrant infrarenal inferior vena cava as a hindrance to percutaneous transvenous mitral valvuloplasty in a patient with mitral stenosis: case report. CHANGGENG YI XUE ZA ZHI 1999; 22:530-5. [PMID: 10584431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac catheterization and percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy using the Inoue technique were attempted in a 44-year-old woman with mitral stenosis. The pulmonary arterial wedge pressure was 25 mmHg, mean transmitral diastolic pressure gradient 20.3 mmHg, cardiac index 1.80 L/min/m2, and mitral valve area 0.70 cm2. After the diagnostic catheterization, the guide wire for the transseptal procedure was checked in the middle of the inferior vena cava (IVC). A 7-French end-holed Bermann catheter was then used to detect the course of the IVC. It was found that the IVC coursed along the left border of the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae, to the left of the abdominal aorta. At the upper border of the third lumbar vertebra, the IVC returned to the right side of the vertebra. In consideration of the inability to pass the Brockenbrough needle through the detoured infrarenal IVC and the risk of rupturing the vessel, the transseptal procedure and attempted percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy were aborted. Therefore, the patient underwent open mitral commissurotomy instead.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the mechanical effect of a viscoelastic heel orthosis. DESIGN Two-factor analysis of variance with interactions between the orthosis and the subjects. The number of subjects was determined by presuming the effect of the orthosis to be twice as large as the error-free standard deviation (SD) of the interactions, the step-to-step SD four times as large as the error-free SD of the interactions, type 1 error probability equal to .05, and type 2 error probability equal to .20. SETTING A gait laboratory in a university hospital. SUBJECTS Twenty-two consecutive patients with treated heel pain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peak pressure (PP), pressure-time integral (PTI), and foot-to-sensor contact time (CoT) measured for five steps at 24 discrete sensors of predetermined positions in the foot with treated heel pain. RESULTS The orthosis reduced PPs, PTIs, and CoT (p < .05) in the median midfoot and lateral midfoot; reduced PPs and PTIs (p < .05) in the posterior heel and medial midfoot; increased PP and PTI (p < .05) in the anterior part of the first metatarsal head; and increased PTI (p < .05) in the lateral part of the hallux. The ratios of the estimated step-to-step SDs to the estimated error-free SDs of the interactions of PPs, PTIs, and CoT were less than four at all the sensors. CONCLUSION Proper design and estimation of the variations ensured that there was sufficient power to detect the effect of an a priori specified size as statistically significant: the orthosis reduced the mechanical loads in the posterior heel and the midfoot and increased the mechanical loads in the anterior part of the first metatarsal head and the lateral part of the hallux during walking.
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Hsieh SY, Yang PY, Ho YP, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Identification of a novel strain of hepatitis E virus responsible for sporadic acute hepatitis in Taiwan. J Med Virol 1998; 55:300-4. [PMID: 9661839 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199808)55:4<300::aid-jmv8>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a self-limited disease and occurs most frequently as epidemic or sporadic hepatitis in developing countries. The role of HEV in sporadic acute hepatitis in areas without a history of hepatitis E epidemics is obscure. Recently, it was found that more than 10% of the patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in Taiwan were associated with an acute HEV infection. Nucleotide sequences of the regions within the first open reading frame of HEV were determined in four cases and were 96.7-100% identical to each other. As compared to the isolates from China, Pakistan, Burma, India, Africa, and Mexico, the similarities were, however, only 71.7-79.3%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the four Taiwan isolates were categorized as a novel HEV group (the Taiwan strain), which was distinct from all of the strains isolated from other parts of the world. In addition, the isolates from China, Burma, India, and Pakistan were catalogued as the second genotype of HEV (the Asian strain), and the Mexican isolate as the third (the Mexican strain). The African isolate was more related to the Asian type and might be a subtype of the Asian strain. A simple genotyping method by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) is described. The findings also support the hypothesis that HEV may be responsible for some sporadic acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in other developed countries.
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Kuo KW, Yang PY, Huang YS, Shieh DZ. Variations in gene expression and genomic stability of human hepatoma cells integrated with hepatitis B virus DNA. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 1998; 44:1133-40. [PMID: 9623767 DOI: 10.1080/15216549800202212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with human hepatoma is well established. However, no consensus regarding the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma was elucidated. In this paper, the genomic stability and gene expression of HBV DNA-integrated and non-integrated hepatoma cells by Transcript Profile (TP)-PCR and RT-PCR are characterized. The additional DNA bands generated from TP-PCR of HBV integrated genomes were not correlated with the sequence of HBV, suggesting that the variations may result from genomic instability of the host cells. Moreover, differential genes expressed in HBV DNA-integrated cells were sequenced. A cDNA generated from the integrated cells exhibited 99.3% homology with the sequences of ATP synthase 6 and cytochrome C oxidase III, but the sequences were abnormally linked together. Since HBV infection may alter the energy metabolism of the cell, the results suggest that the integration may cause mitochondriae defects in the ATP synthase 6 and cytochrome C oxidase III genes.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Synthetase Complexes
- Base Sequence
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/metabolism
- Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Genome, Human
- Hepatitis B virus/genetics
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multienzyme Complexes/genetics
- Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Chang FR, Yang PY, Lin JY, Lee KH, Wu YC. Bioactive kaurane diterpenoids from Annona glabra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 1998; 61:437-9. [PMID: 9584397 DOI: 10.1021/np970497z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical analysis of the fruits of Annona glabra yielded two new kaurane diterpenoids, annoglabasin A (methyl-16 beta-acetoxy-19-al-ent-kauran-17-oate)(1) and annoglabasin B (16 alpha-hydro-19-acetoxy-ent-kauran-17-oic acid)(2), along with 11 known kaurane derivatives (3-13). The structures of the new compounds were established by spectral and chemical evidence. Among these, methyl-16 alpha-hydro-19-al-ent-kauran-17-oate (11) exhibited mild activity against HIV replication in H9 lymphocyte cells, and 16 alpha-17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (4) showed significant inhibition of HIV-reverse transcriptase.
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Yang PY, Wang CL, Wu CT, Wang TG, Hsieh FJ. Sonography of pigmented villonodular synovitis in the ankle joint. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 1998; 26:166-170. [PMID: 9502041 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0096(199803/04)26:3<166::aid-jcu11>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a benign proliferative disorder of the synovium that results in villous nodule formation in joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. We present a case of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the ankle joint that was diagnosed by sonography with color Doppler imaging. The sonograms revealed hypoechoic synovial proliferation, and hypervascularity was visible on color Doppler images. The differential diagnosis of a synovial thickening or mass is also discussed.
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Hsieh SY, Yang PY, Chen HC, Liaw YF. Cloning and characterization of the extreme 5'-terminal sequences of the RNA genomes of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:3206-10. [PMID: 9096371 PMCID: PMC20347 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.7.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The extreme 5'-terminal sequences of the GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV), containing elements essential for regulation of viral gene expression and replication, have not been determined. By using a RNA-ligase-mediated RACE (rapid amplification of the cDNA ends) procedure, we have cloned the extreme 5'-terminal sequences of the viral genome from the serum of three Taiwanese patients. Sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region in alignment with one West African and two American isolates showed that (i) a consensus 5'-end sequence was cloned; (ii) about 97% of sequences were homologous among the three Taiwan isolates and also between the two American isolates, whereas about 90% of sequences were homologous among the isolates from the three different geographic areas; (iii) the sequence heterogeneity related to geographic separation is confined mainly to three domains; and (iv) a potential hairpin structure, resembling the hairpin structure found in the 5' end of hepatitis C virus genome, was detected in the 5' end of the noncoding region. Our data support the hypotheses that (i) the extreme 5' end of the hepatitis GBV-C/HGV viral genome has been cloned, (ii) there are different genotypes correlated with geographic separation, and (iii) the viral translation and replication mechanisms may be similar to that of hepatitis C virus and pestiviruses. Our data have not only shed light on the viral replication mechanism but also offer information for selection of optimal primer sequences for the detection and genotyping of the hepatitis GBV-C/HGV virus by PCR assays.
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St Pyrek J, Aggarval SK, Barboza P, Goodman JP, Yang PY. Metabolites of nuatigenin ((22S,25S)22,25-epoxy-3 beta, 26-dihydroxy-furost-5-ene) accumulate in the bile of rabbits fed oats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 404:443-58. [PMID: 8957313 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1367-8_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Bjørbaek C, Vik TA, Echwald SM, Yang PY, Vestergaard H, Wang JP, Webb GC, Richmond K, Hansen T, Erikson RL. Cloning of a human insulin-stimulated protein kinase (ISPK-1) gene and analysis of coding regions and mRNA levels of the ISPK-1 and the protein phosphatase-1 genes in muscle from NIDDM patients. Diabetes 1995; 44:90-7. [PMID: 7813820 DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.1.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Complementary DNA encoding three catalytic subunits of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1 alpha, PP1 beta, and PP1 gamma) and the insulin-stimulated protein kinase 1 (ISPK-1) was analyzed for variations in the coding regions related to insulin-resistant glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle of 30 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The human ISPK-1 cDNA was cloned from T-cell leukemia and placental cDNA libraries and mapped to the short arm of the human X chromosome. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis identified a total of six variations in the coding regions of the PP1 genes: two in PP1 alpha at codons 90 and 255; one in PP1 beta at codon 67; and three in PP1 gamma at codons 11,269, and 273, respectively. All were, however, silent single nucleotide substitutions. SSCP analysis of the ISPK-1 gene identified one silent polymorphism at codon 266 and one amino acid variant at codon 38 (Ile-->Ser). This variant was primarily found in one male NIDDM patient. This subject, however, did not exhibit an impairment of muscle insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase activation. No significant differences were found in mRNA levels in muscle of the four genes between 15 NIDDM patients and 14 healthy subjects. Our findings suggest that 1) genetic abnormalities in the coding regions of PP1 alpha, PP1 beta, PP1 gamma, and ISPK-1 are unlikely to be frequently occurring causes of the reduced insulin-stimulated activation of the glycogen synthesis in muscle from the analyzed group of NIDDM patients; 2) the mRNA levels of PP1 alpha, PP1 beta, PP1 gamma, and ISPK-1 are normal in muscle from the NIDDM patients; and 3) putative inherited defects in insulin-stimulated activation of muscle glycogen synthesis in patients with insulin-resistant NIDDM may be located further upstream of ISPK-1 in the insulin action cascade.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Base Sequence
- Biopsy
- Blotting, Northern
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA, Complementary/analysis
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Glycogen Synthase/analysis
- Glycogen Synthase/genetics
- Glycogen Synthase/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/analysis
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/genetics
- Phosphoprotein Phosphatases/metabolism
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Protein Phosphatase 1
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/analysis
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases
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Hsieh SY, Yang PY, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Role of the ribozyme of hepatitis delta virus on the transcription after polyadenylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 205:864-71. [PMID: 7999124 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that the ribozyme located 34 nucleotides downstream of the polyadenylation site on the antigenomic RNA of the hepatitis delta virus can stabilize the downstream transcript after polyadenylation. Here, we have reports on further investigations of the molecular mechanism of this stabilization effect and the potential role of the small and large delta antigens. We found that the downstream transcripts after polyadenylation were stabilized by the ribozyme independently of either the small or large delta antigen. The stabilization effect was abolished as the ribozyme activity was eliminated by mutations on either the enzyme domain or target site of the ribozyme. These findings suggested that it was the ribozyme activity rather than the RNA structure or the delta antigens that contributed to the stabilization effect.
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Hsieh SY, Yang PY, Ou JT, Chu CM, Liaw YF. Polyadenylation of the mRNA of hepatitis delta virus is dependent on the structure of the nascent RNA and regulated by the small or large delta antigen. Nucleic Acids Res 1994; 22:391-6. [PMID: 8127676 PMCID: PMC523594 DOI: 10.1093/nar/22.3.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA replication, synthesis of either the mRNA for the delta antigen (HDAg) or the full-length antigenomic RNA is determined by selective usage of the potent poly(A) signal on the antigenome. To elucidate the regulatory mechanism, HDV cDNA cotransfection system was used to examine the potential effect of the secondary structure of the nascent RNA and that of the HDAg on HDV polyadenylation in transfected cells. We found that when the nascent RNA species could fold itself to form the rodlike structure, the HDV polyadenylation was suppressed 3 to 5 fold by the HDAg. In addition, we observed that the small and the large HDAg exerted a similar suppressive effect on the HDV polyadenylation, though they played different roles in HDV replication. We concluded that the HDV polyadenylation could be regulated by the structure of the nascent antigenomic RNA and by either the small or large HDAg.
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Yang PY, Kautner I, Koh CL, Lam SK. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of genes encoding the structural and nonstructural NS1 proteins of a dengue-2 virus isolated in China. Virus Genes 1994; 8:71-4. [PMID: 7911607 DOI: 10.1007/bf01703603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences of the capsid, membrane precursor, membrane, envelope, and nonstructural NS1 protein genes of a dengue-2 virus (D2-04) isolated from a patient in Hainan, China. The sequenced region contains a gene organization similar to that of other flaviviruses. The overall amino acid sequence similarity between D2-04 and other dengue-2 viruses is greater than 92%, whereas that between D2-04 and members of the other dengue serotypes is about 65%.
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Xu XZ, Cai XG, Men XS, Yang PY, Yang JF, Jing SL, He JH, Si WY. A study of siliceous pneumoconiosis in a desert area of Sunan County, Gansu Province, China. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 1993; 6:217-222. [PMID: 8292266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Three hundred and ninety five residents in a desert area were examined with chest radiographs and 28 cases with siliceous pneumoconiosis were found. The prevalence of siliceous pneumoconiosis was 7.09%, and that over 40 years of age was 21%. The histological findings of lungs from a camel living in that area for 20 years also confirmed to have siliceous pneumoconiosis.
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Ro HK, Tembe V, Krug T, Yang PY, Bushinsky DA, Favus MJ. Acidosis inhibits 1,25-(OH)2D3 but not cAMP production in response to parathyroid hormone in the rat. J Bone Miner Res 1990; 5:273-8. [PMID: 2159208 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.5650050311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a major activator of renal proximal tubule 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1-hydroxylase (1-OHase). Chronic metabolic acidosis (CMA) inhibits 1-OHase and reduces circulating 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] levels in rats fed a low-Ca diet (LCD, 0.002% Ca). To examine the cellular mechanism whereby CMA inhibits 1-OHase, PTH-dependent renal 1-OHase activity and cAMP were measured in proximal tubules isolated from rats fed LCD for 14 days and made acidotic by the addition of 1.5% ammonium chloride to the drinking water. Serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 and proximal tubule 1-OHase activity and cAMP content were lower in acidotic rats. hPTH-(1-34) (10(-7) M) in vitro increased cAMP content to equivalent concentrations in tubules from rats with CMA and from nonacidotic controls; however, PTH increased 1-OHase activity only in tubules from nonacidotic animals. Although forskolin increased tubule cAMP content to equivalent levels in tubules from acidotic and nonacidotic rats, 1-OHase activity declined in tubules from nonacidotic rats and remained suppressed in acidotic tubules. The results suggest that chronic metabolic acidosis inhibits the PTH activation of 1-OHase through alteration of one or more steps in a cAMP-independent messenger system. PTH and forskolin can increase cAMP production by acidotic and nonacidotic proximal tubules; however, 1-OHase activity is not restored to normal in acidotic tubules and nonacidotic tubule 1-OHase may be inhibited.
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Yang PY, Si BY, Yan GZ, Xu PF, Li RX. [Antigen signature analysis of dengue-2 viruses strains in Hainan China]. WEI SHENG WU XUE BAO = ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA SINICA 1989; 29:299-302. [PMID: 2479176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we try to define the extent of antigenic variation between dengue-2 viruses from Hainan province, which had been isolated over a period of 3 years (1985-1987). The dengue-2 viruses were compared with the prototype New Guinea B strain and were subjected to antigen signature analysis. Eight strains of dengue-2 virus were analyzed by three monoclonal antibodies: flavivirus group, subcomplex dengue-2 type-specific reactive epitopes, over a range of antigen concentration. Five out of eight dengue-2 virus strains showed them to be antigenically homogeneous, and the remaining three strains showed them to be heterogeneous. Signature analysis provides a rapid and simple means to different strains derived from different sources, thus permit monitoring changes or introductions of hew dengue virus populations in certain geographic region.
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Yang PY. [Silicon rubber with steel wire as a scaffold in ear reconstruction]. ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAIKF [I.E. WAIKE] ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY AND BURNS 1988; 4:169-70. [PMID: 3151650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Yang PY. [Double eyelid operation by the "twisted and pressed sutures"]. ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAIKF [I.E. WAIKE] ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY AND BURNS 1987; 3:191-2. [PMID: 3151610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Yang PY, Yue JL. [One stage reconstruction for the repair in "Romberg's disease" by using a free latissimus dorsi muscle flap]. ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA ZHENG XING SHAO SHANG WAIKF [I.E. WAIKE] ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY AND BURNS 1985; 1:40-2. [PMID: 3939792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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