26
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Menéndez-Taboada L, García-Granda S, Fresno N, Pérez-Fernández R, Goya P, Elguero J. Crystal structure of a new N-acyloxazolidinone. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311081050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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27
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Faure R, Llinares J, Elguero J, Goya P. Effet des Substitutants Aromatiques en RMN du Carbone-13: Extension du Modèle de Smith et Proulx aux Composés Hétérocycliques et Analyse Statistique des Résultats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19870960807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Jagerovic N, Oliva CG, Goya P, Alkorta I, Elguero J, Cuberes R, Dordal A. N-substituted-1,2,3-triazoles: synthesis, characterization and evaluation as cannabinoid ligands. ARKIVOC 2010. [DOI: 10.3998/ark.5550190.0011.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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29
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Alkorta I, Goya P, Pérez-Fernández R, Alvarado M, Elguero J, García-Granda S, Menéndez-Taboada L. The structure of two pyrazole esters related to Rimonabant. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Menéndez-Taboada L, García-Granda S, Alvarado M, Alkorta I, Goya P, Elguero J. The structure of rimonabant in the solid state. Acta Crystallogr A 2009. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767309093659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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31
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Torre-Fernández L, Menéndez-Taboada L, García-Granda S, Alvarado M, Alkorta I, Goya P, Elguero J. Crystallographic study of diarylazoles related to rimonabant. Acta Crystallogr A 2009. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767309093647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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32
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Alkorta I, Alvarado M, Elguero J, García-Granda S, Goya P, Torre-Fernández L, Menéndez-Taboada L. Structural study of diarylazoles related to Rimonabant. J Mol Struct 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2008.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Alvarado M, Goya P, Macías-González M, Pavón FJ, Serrano A, Jagerovic N, Elguero J, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez A, García-Granda S, Suardíaz M, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Antiobesity designed multiple ligands: Synthesis of pyrazole fatty acid amides and evaluation as hypophagic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:10098-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Alkorta I, Alvarado M, Elguero J, García-Granda S, Goya P, Jimeno ML, Menéndez-Taboada L. The structure of Rimonabant in the solid state and in solution: an experimental and theoretical study. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 44:1864-9. [PMID: 19081653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray molecular structure of Rimonabant methanol solvate has been determined together with the (1)H, (13)C and (15)N NMR spectra in acetone solution. B3YP/6-311++G(d,p) calculations have been performed out to determine two minimum energy conformations, on these geometries GIAO calculations were carried out to obtain the corresponding absolute shieldings that were compared with the experimental chemical shifts.
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35
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Pavón FJ, Serrano A, Pérez-Valero V, Jagerovic N, Hernández-Folgado L, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Macías M, Goya P, de Fonseca FR. Central versus peripheral antagonism of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in obesity: effects of LH-21, a peripherally acting neutral cannabinoid receptor antagonist, in Zucker rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2008; 20 Suppl 1:116-23. [PMID: 18426510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01693.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous cannabinoid system plays an important modulatory role in feeding behaviour and metabolism, acting at both central and peripheral levels. Chronic administration of cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonists has been found to be effective in experimental obesity. However, clinically available cannabinoid receptor antagonists are inverse agonists that can target CB(1) receptors located in both central circuits regulating appetite and motivation and in peripheral organs regulating metabolism and energy expenditure. This profile complicates understanding of cannabinoid CB(1) receptor blockade as a therapeutic strategy in obesity and metabolic disorders. This review aims to explore the relevance of both inverse agonism and peripheral cannabinoid receptor blockade on the beneficial actions of chronic cannabinoid receptor blockade, by comparing the actions of the reference antagonist/inverse agonist rimonabant and the newly designed drug LH-21. LH-21 is a triazol derivative and a neutral cannabinoid receptor antagonist; it has a poor penetration rate into the central nervous system. When given acutely it decreases food intake and enhances the anorectic actions of oleoylethanolamide, a feeding suppressant lipid that acts on peripheral sensory terminals in a similar way as rimonabant. Unlike rimonabant, chronic administration of LH-21 (3 mg/kg) reduces feeding but does not improve hypertriglyceridaemia or hypercholesterolaemia; nor does it reduce liver fat deposits in Zucker rats. These results suggest that the inverse agonism and/or the antagonism of central cannabinoid CB(1) receptors are necessary for the metabolic benefits of cannabinoid CB(1) receptor blockade, but not for the appetite reduction.
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36
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Jagerovic N, Fernandez-Fernandez C, Goya P. CB1 cannabinoid antagonists: structure-activity relationships and potential therapeutic applications. Curr Top Med Chem 2008; 8:205-30. [PMID: 18289089 DOI: 10.2174/156802608783498050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade there has been a growing interest towards the modulation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor. The identification of CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonists has been one of the major advances in cannabinoid research. Thus, the development of these ligands has opened new therapeutic applications. Since the discovery of the first cannabinoid receptor antagonist, rimonabant, by Sanofi in 1994, a large number of structural variations within this chemical series of 1,5-diarylpyrazoles have been described. So far, all attempts to identify novel structures for CB1 antagonists have been based on one or more pharmacophoric elements of the rimonabant structure. The advanced clinical trials of rimonabant confirm the therapeutic potential value of CB1 antagonists for the treatment of obesity. In addition, the results of pharmacological and clinical studies reveal other effective pharmacotherapeutic applications. The current review will mainly focus on the structure-activity relationships that have been established for antagonists/inverse agonists that bind to the CB1 cannabinoid receptors and on their therapeutic applications.
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37
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Hernandez-Folgado L, Goya P, Frigola J, Cuberes MR, Dordal A, Holenz J, Jagerovic N. Novel derivatives of 3-alkyl-1,5-diaryl-1H-1,2,4-triazoles and their pharmacological evaluation as CB1 cannabinoid ligands. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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38
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Cano C, Goya P, Paez JA, Girón R, Sánchez E, Martín MI. Discovery of 1,1-dioxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine-5-carboxamide derivatives as cannabinoid-like molecules with agonist and antagonist activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7480-93. [PMID: 17870539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Revised: 06/08/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 2-substituted 1,1-dioxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine-5-carboxylate derivatives have been prepared from monosubstituted sulfamides in order to obtain N-substituted 1,1-dioxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine-5-carboxamides as novel cannabinoid derivatives, analogues of Rimonabant (SR141716A). Their potential functional activity on cannabinoid receptors has been evaluated in vitro and in vivo in mice, showing that two compounds (37 and 39) behave as cannabinoid agonists in vitro. Their potency is lower than that of the reference compound, WIN 55,212-2, but their efficacy is similar to that of this cannabinoid agonist, although no in vivo activity is observed. Another derivative (38) behaves as a cannabinoid antagonist both in vitro and in vivo, being its efficacy and potency similar to that of the well-known antagonist SR141716A.
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39
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Cano C, Pavón J, Serrano A, Goya P, Paez JA, de Fonseca FR, Macias-Gonzalez M. Novel sulfamide analogs of oleoylethanolamide showing in vivo satiety inducing actions and PPARalpha activation. J Med Chem 2007; 50:389-93. [PMID: 17228882 DOI: 10.1021/jm0601102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Long chain saturated and unsaturated alkyl sulfamide and propyl sulfamide derivatives, analogs of oleoylethanolamide, have been synthesized and evaluated in vivo and in vitro as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) activators. Additionally, the anorexic effects of the new compounds have been studied in vivo in food-deprived rats. Among the active compounds N-octadecyl-N'-propylsulfamide (7) has been identified as a potent hypolipidemic compound, a potent feeding suppressant, and a concentration-dependent activator of PPARalpha.
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40
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Azmy B, Fernández-resa P, Goya P, Nieves R, Ochoa C, Stud M, Jimeno ML. Synthesis of 2-S-dioxo Isosteres of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleosides. III. Alkyl And Glycosyl Derivatives of Triazolo-and Thiadiazolothiadiazines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/07328318408081271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Elguero J, Goya P, Páez JA, Cativiela C, Mayoral JA. Study of the Influence of Ultrasound and Aqueous Solvent on the Diels-Alder Reaction: The Case of Cyclopentadiene and Acetamidoacrylates. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397918908050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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Pavon FJ, Bilbao A, Hernández-Folgado L, Cippitelli A, Jagerovic N, Abellán G, Rodríguez-Franco MAI, Serrano A, Macias M, Gómez R, Navarro M, Goya P, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Antiobesity effects of the novel in vivo neutral cannabinoid receptor antagonist 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole – LH 21. Neuropharmacology 2006; 51:358-66. [PMID: 16750544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2005] [Revised: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 03/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the pharmacological profile of the new neutral cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole -LH-21- on feeding behavior and alcohol self-administration in rats, two behaviors inhibited by cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonists. Administration of LH-21 (0.03, 0.3 and 3 mg/kg) to food-deprived rats resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of feeding. Subchronic administration of LH-21 reduced food intake and body weight gain in obese Zucker rats. Acute effects on feeding were not associated with anxiety-like behaviors, or induction of complex motor behaviors such as grooming or scratching sequences, usually observed after central administration of cannabinoid receptor blockers with inverse agonist properties. LH-21 did not markedly reduce alcohol self-administration (30% reduction observed only at a high dose of 10 mg/kg). This pharmacological pattern partially overlaps that of the reference cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist N-piperidino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methylpyrazole-3-carboxamide, SR141716A, (0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg) that reduced feeding and alcohol self-administration with similar efficacy. In vitro analysis of blood-brain barrier permeability using a parallel artificial membrane permeation assay demonstrated that LH-21 has lower permeation through membranes than SR141716A. That was confirmed in vivo by studies showing lower potency of peripherally injected LH-21 when compared to SR141716A to antagonize motor depression induced by intracerebroventricular administration of the CB1 agonist CP55,940. The neutral antagonist profile and the lower penetration into the brain of LH-21 favour this class of antagonists with respect to reference inverse agonists for the treatment of obesity because they potentially will display reduced side effects.
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43
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Jagerovic N, Hernandez-Folgado L, Alkorta I, Goya P, Martín MI, Dannert MT, Alsasua A, Frigola J, Cuberes MR, Dordal A, Holenz J. Structural–activity relationship study on C-4 carbon atom of the CB1 antagonist SR141716: synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamides. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 41:114-20. [PMID: 16289480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2005] [Revised: 06/16/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamides has been prepared from alkyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylates under mild conditions. The ability of these triazoles to displace [3H]-CP55940 from CB1 cannabinoid receptor was measured. However, they showed only poor to moderate binding affinities, indicating that substitution of the C-4 pyrazole atom of the CB1 reference compound SR141716 by a nitrogen atom results in loss of affinity. Further investigations for functionality indicated that the compound 6a exhibited significant cannabinoid antagonistic properties in the mouse vas deferens functional assay. This leads us to the conclusion that 6a binds at a different CB1 binding site or at a new cannabinoid receptor subtype.
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44
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Goya P, Jagerovic N. Recent advances in cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.10.10.1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Montero C, Campillo NE, Goya P, Páez JA. Homology models of the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors. A docking analysis study. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:75-83. [PMID: 15642412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2004.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2003] [Revised: 07/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 3D models of both CB1 and CB2 human receptors have been established by homology modeling using as template the X-ray structure of bovine Rhodopsin (code pdb: 1F88) a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). A recursive approach comprising sequence alignment and model building was used to build both models, followed by the refinement of non-conserved regions. The cannabinoid system has been studied by means of docking techniques, using the 3D models of both CB1 and CB2 and well known reference inverse agonist/antagonist compounds. An approach based on the flexibility of the structures has been used to model the receptor-ligand complexes. The structural effects of ligand binding were studied and analyzed on the basis of hydrogen bond interactions, and binding energy calculations. Potential interaction sites of the receptor were determined from analysis of the difference accessible surface area (DASA) study of the protein with and without ligand.
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MESH Headings
- Computer Simulation
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Ligands
- Models, Molecular
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation/drug effects
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/chemistry
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/chemistry
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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46
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Elguero J, Goya P, Martínez A, Rozas I, Mó O, De Paz JLG, Yáñez M. Structure of 1,2,6-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxides. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.610030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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47
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Jagerovic N, Hernandez-Folgado L, Alkorta I, Goya P, Navarro M, Serrano A, Rodriguez de Fonseca F, Dannert MT, Alsasua A, Suardiaz M, Pascual D, Martín MI. Discovery of 5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole, a Novel in Vivo Cannabinoid Antagonist Containing a 1,2,4-Triazole Motif. J Med Chem 2004; 47:2939-42. [PMID: 15139773 DOI: 10.1021/jm031099y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 1,2,4-triazoles have been prepared and the evaluation of their cannabinoid properties have been carried out. Compound 8 showed cannabinoid silent antagonist activity in mouse vas deferens and guinea pig ileum preparations and in vivo assays (cannabinoid tetrad) in mouse. It did not have intrinsic activity in these bioassays, and therefore, it did not behave as a partial agonist or an inverse agonist.
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48
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Abstract
After a brief overview of the endocannabinoid system (CB receptors, and endocannabinoids) and of the cannabinergic ligands, some general issues related to cannabinoids and pain are commented. Finally, the most important findings regarding cannabinoids and neuropathic pain are discussed in detail.
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49
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Jimeno ML, Alkorta I, Cano C, Jagerovic N, Goya P, Elguero J, Foces-Foces C. Fentanyl and its analogue N-(1-phenylpyrazol-3-yl)-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]propanamide: 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and theoretical calculations. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003; 51:929-34. [PMID: 12913230 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.51.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The oxalate salts and free bases of fentanyl and N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-(1-phenyl-4-pyrazolyl)propanamide, a new lead compound for long-acting analgesia, have been characterized by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the hydrochloride of N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-(1-phenyl-4-pyrazolyl)propanamide monohydrate has been determined. Two centrosymmetrically related cations, joined through C(phenyl)-H em leader pi contacts, encapsulate a large void that contains pairs of anions and bridged water molecules into a zero-dimensional (0D) supramolecular motif. The cations are linked to this framework via N(+)H em leader Cl(-) contacts. GIAO/B3LYP calculations have been carried out to compare the experimental (13)C chemical shifts with the absolute shieldings thus calculated. The protonation of both molecules takes place on the piperidine ring (axial protonation), as has been verified both in the solid state (X-ray) and in solution (NMR).
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50
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Dardonville C, Rozas I, Goya P, Girón R, Goicoechea C, Martín MI. Synthesis and analgesic activity of a series of new azaalkane bis-guanidinium and bis(2-aminoimidazolinium) compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:1283-91. [PMID: 12628655 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(02)00637-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we wish to report the synthesis and antinociceptive activity of a series of new azaalkane bis(2-aminoimidazolinium) compounds from which, N,N'-di(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-3-aza-1,6-hexanediamine 2a has shown the best analgesic properties in vivo in two different assays (i.e., acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot-plate test in mice), as well as oral bioavailability.
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