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Angulo EL, McKernan EM, Fichtinger PS, Mathur SK. Comparison of IL-33 and IL-5 family mediated activation of human eosinophils. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217807. [PMID: 31490928 PMCID: PMC6730854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are the prominent inflammatory cell involved in allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and hypereosinophilic syndrome and are found in high numbers in local tissue and/or circulating blood of affected patients. There is recent interest in a family of alarmins, including TSLP, IL-25 and IL-33, that are epithelial-derived and released upon stimulation of epithelial cells. Several genome wide association studies have found SNPs in genes encoding IL-33 to be risk factors for asthma. In two studies examining the direct role of IL-33 in eosinophils, there were differences in eosinophil responses. We sought to further characterize activation of eosinophils with IL-33 compared to activation by other cytokines and chemokines. We assessed IL-33 stimulated adhesion, degranulation, chemotaxis and cell surface protein expression in comparison to IL-3, IL-5, and eotaxin-1 on human eosinophils. Our results demonstrate that IL-33 can produce as potent eosinophil activation as IL-3, IL-5 and eotaxin-1. Thus, when considering specific cytokine targeting strategies, IL-33 will be important to consider for modulating eosinophil function.
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Rosenberg DL, Mathur SK, Viswanathan RK. Characterization of idiopathic angioedema in a university-based allergy/immunology practice. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2019; 123:403-404. [PMID: 31376488 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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McIntyre AP, Viswanathan RK, Moss MH, Mathur SK. Omalizumab for Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria: Potential to Taper Dose and Frequency? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rosenberg DL, Viswanathan RK, Mathur SK. Response to H1 Antihistamine Therapy in Idiopathic Angioedema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.12.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Khoury P, Akuthota P, Ackerman SJ, Arron JR, Bochner BS, Collins MH, Kahn JE, Fulkerson PC, Gleich GJ, Gopal-Srivastava R, Jacobsen EA, Leiferman KM, Francesca LS, Mathur SK, Minnicozzi M, Prussin C, Rothenberg ME, Roufosse F, Sable K, Simon D, Simon HU, Spencer LA, Steinfeld J, Wardlaw AJ, Wechsler ME, Weller PF, Klion AD. Revisiting the NIH Taskforce on the Research needs of Eosinophil-Associated Diseases (RE-TREAD). J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:69-83. [PMID: 29672914 PMCID: PMC6171343 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr0118-028r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophil-associated diseases (EADs) are rare, heterogeneous disorders characterized by the presence of eosinophils in tissues and/or peripheral blood resulting in immunopathology. The heterogeneity of tissue involvement, lack of sufficient animal models, technical challenges in working with eosinophils, and lack of standardized histopathologic approaches have hampered progress in basic research. Additionally, clinical trials and drug development for rare EADs are limited by the lack of primary and surrogate endpoints, biomarkers, and validated patient-reported outcomes. Researchers with expertise in eosinophil biology and eosinophil-related diseases reviewed the state of current eosinophil research, resources, progress, and unmet needs in the field since the 2012 meeting of the NIH Taskforce on the Research of Eosinophil-Associated Diseases (TREAD). RE-TREAD focused on gaps in basic science, translational, and clinical research on eosinophils and eosinophil-related pathogenesis. Improved recapitulation of human eosinophil biology and pathogenesis in murine models was felt to be of importance. Characterization of eosinophil phenotypes, the role of eosinophil subsets in tissues, identification of biomarkers of eosinophil activation and tissue load, and a better understanding of the role of eosinophils in human disease were prioritized. Finally, an unmet need for tools for use in clinical trials was emphasized. Histopathologic scoring, patient- and clinician-reported outcomes, and appropriate coding were deemed of paramount importance for research collaborations, drug development, and approval by regulatory agencies. Further exploration of the eosinophil genome, epigenome, and proteome was also encouraged. Although progress has been made since 2012, unmet needs in eosinophil research remain a priority.
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Johansson MW, Evans MD, McKernan E, Fichtinger PS, Angulo EL, Mosher DF, Cook SM, Gaumnitz EA, Mathur SK. Blood Eosinophil Beta1-Integrin Activation Correlates with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) Disease Activity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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McKernan EM, Angulo EL, Fichtinger PS, Mathur SK. IL-33 is a Potent Stimulus for Eosinophil Activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arndt KK, Viswanathan RK, Mathur SK. Clinical Characteristics of Patients in Allergy Clinic with Presumed Diagnosis of Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.12.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liu YP, Rajamanikham V, Baron M, Patel S, Mathur SK, Schwantes EA, Ober C, Jackson DJ, Gern JE, Lemanske RF, Smith JA. Association of ORMDL3 with rhinovirus-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and type I Interferon responses in human leucocytes. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 47:371-382. [PMID: 28192616 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with risk alleles at the 17q21 genetic locus who wheeze during rhinovirus illnesses have a greatly increased likelihood of developing childhood asthma. In mice, overexpression of the 17q21 gene ORMDL3 leads to airway remodelling and hyperresponsiveness. However, the mechanisms by which ORMDL3 predisposes to asthma are unclear. Previous studies have suggested that ORMDL3 induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and production of the type I interferon (IFN)-regulated chemokine CXCL10. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between ORMDL3 and rhinovirus-induced ER stress and type I IFN in human leucocytes. METHODS ER stress was monitored by measuring HSPA5, CHOP and spliced XBP1 gene expression, and type I IFN by measuring IFNB1 (IFN-β) and CXCL10 expression in human cell lines and primary leucocytes following treatment with rhinovirus. Requirements for cell contact and specific cell type in ORMDL3 induction were examined by transwell assay and depletion experiments, respectively. Finally, the effects of 17q21 genotype on the expression of ORMDL3, IFNB1 and ER stress genes were assessed. RESULTS THP-1 monocytes overexpressing ORMDL3 responded to rhinovirus with increased IFNB1 and HSPA5. Rhinovirus-induced ORMDL3 expression in primary leucocytes required cell-cell contact, and induction was suppressed by plasmacytoid dendritic cell depletion. The degree of rhinovirus-induced ORMDL3, HSPA5 and IFNB1 expression varied by leucocyte type and 17q21 genotype, with the highest expression of these genes in the asthma-associated genotype. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Multiple lines of evidence support an association between higher ORMDL3 and increased rhinovirus-induced HSPA5 and type I IFN gene expression. These associations with ORMDL3 are cell type specific, with the most significant 17q21 genotype effects on ORMDL3 expression and HSPA5 induction evident in B cells. Together, these findings have implications for how the interaction of increased ORMDL3 and rhinovirus may predispose to asthma.
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Schwantes EA, Evans MD, Cuskey A, Burford A, Smith JA, Lemanske RF, Jarjour NN, Mathur SK. Elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide and blood eosinophil counts are associated with a 17q21 asthma risk allele in adult subjects. J Asthma Allergy 2017; 11:1-9. [PMID: 29296089 PMCID: PMC5741070 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s149183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Genome-wide association studies identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 17q21 locus conferring increased risk for childhood-onset asthma. Little is known about how these SNPs impact adult asthma patients. We sought to examine an adult population for associations between rs7216389 (17q21-associated SNP) and features of asthma including fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), eosinophil counts, and age of asthma onset. Methods Subjects were genotyped at SNP rs7216389. The geometric mean of FeNO measurements and peripheral blood eosinophil counts from 2008 to 2015 were collected. Demographics and medical history were collected including self-reported allergy diagnoses and age of asthma onset. Eosinophils, monocytes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for the examination of ORMDL3 expression. Results FeNO levels from 157 genotyped subjects (31CC, 72CT, and 54TT) and peripheral eosinophil counts from 252 genotyped subjects (46CC, 122CT, and 84TT) were analyzed. In a sub-group analysis of asthma subjects, the number of attributable T alleles was associated with significantly lower age of asthma onset (P=0.03) and greater FeNO levels (geometric mean 30.0 ppb TT, 20.0 ppb CT, 20.0 ppb CC, P=0.02). In the total cohort of subjects, the T allele was associated with a higher percentage of individual eosinophil counts >200/mm3 (45% TT, 26% CT, 24% CC, P=0.005). Eosinophils expressed ORMDL3 mRNA and protein. Conclusion In adult subjects, the number of T alleles at SNP rs7216389 corresponds to significantly greater FeNO levels and peripheral eosinophil counts. The expression of ORMDL3 in eosinophils suggests that they may participate in mediating the asthma risk associated with the 17q21 locus.
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Gune A, Thapar R, Patankar R, Mathur SK. Percutaneous ultrasonography-guided nephroscopic evacuation of hydatid cyst in posterior segment of liver. J Minim Access Surg 2017; 14:61-64. [PMID: 29239344 PMCID: PMC5749200 DOI: 10.4103/jmas.jmas_149_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatid disease commonly affects liver and treatment of choice is surgery. Ultrasound examination is helpful to diagnose, classify and plan management of the cyst. Surgical treatment is done using a conventional open technique or minimal access technique. We report our experience of using ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephroscopic approach to treat liver hydatid cyst.
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Rosenberg DL, Mathur SK, Viswanathan RK. Clinical Characteristics of Idiopathic Angioedema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Austin C, Mathur SK, Pepper J. Personalised External Aortic Root Support (PEARS): Utilisation in dilatational aortopathies after the arterial switch operation V4. Int J Cardiol 2016; 220:772-4. [PMID: 27393865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Olson AA, Evans MD, Johansson MW, Kim CH, Manthei DM, Gaumnitz EA, Mathur SK. Role of food and aeroallergen sensitization in eosinophilic esophagitis in adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016; 117:387-393.e2. [PMID: 27590636 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluation of IgE-mediated food sensitivity is frequently performed for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). However, the clinical relevance of identifying IgE-mediated sensitivity to foods in adults is unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether EoE associated with food or aeroallergen sensitivity represents a phenotype of EoE with distinct clinical or biological features. METHODS A medical record review identified 257 patients with a diagnosis of EoE evaluated in the adult allergy clinic at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics from 2008 to 2013. Patient records were reviewed to capture measures of disease severity, endoscopy results, pathology reports, allergy testing, medical management and patient-reported outcomes. RESULTS Evaluation of food sensitization with skin prick testing and/or serum IgE was performed for 93% of patients. Sensitization to at least 1 food was identified in 54% of patients who were more likely to report concomitant asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, and/or food allergy compared with nonfood sensitive patients. Aeroallergen sensitivity was identified in 87% of patients tested. Clinical characteristics, including EoE symptoms, disease severity, endoscopic findings, peripheral eosinophilia, and patient-reported outcomes, did not differ between food sensitive and non-food sensitive patients. However, on endoscopy, aeroallergen sensitive patients were more likely to have strictures and less likely to exhibit felinization compared with non-aeroallergen sensitized patients. CONCLUSION Adults with EoE and IgE-mediated food sensitivity are not phenotypically different than non-food sensitive patients. There is no clear clinical utility in identifying food sensitivity in adults with EoE. Further studies are needed to determine whether aeroallergen sensitivity represents a distinct phenotype of EoE.
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Mathur SK, Fichtinger PS, Evans MD, Schwantes EA, Jarjour NN. Variability of blood eosinophil count as an asthma biomarker. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016; 117:551-553. [PMID: 27590639 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wilkerson EM, Johansson MW, Hebert AS, Westphall MS, Mathur SK, Jarjour NN, Schwantes EA, Mosher DF, Coon JJ. The Peripheral Blood Eosinophil Proteome. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1524-33. [PMID: 27005946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A system-wide understanding of biological processes requires a comprehensive knowledge of the proteins in the biological system. The eosinophil is a type of granulocytic leukocyte specified early in hematopoietic differentiation that participates in barrier defense, innate immunity, and allergic disease. The proteome of the eosinophil is largely unannotated with under 500 proteins identified. We now report a map of the nonstimulated peripheral blood eosinophil proteome assembled using two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our analysis yielded 100,892 unique peptides mapping to 7,086 protein groups representing 6,813 genes as well as 4,802 site-specific phosphorylation events. We account for the contribution of platelets that routinely contaminate purified eosinophils and report the variability in the eosinophil proteome among five individuals and proteomic changes accompanying acute activation of eosinophils by interleukin-5. Our deep coverage and quantitative analyses fill an important gap in the existing maps of the human proteome and will enable the strategic use of proteomics to study eosinophils in human diseases.
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Olson AA, Manthei DM, Kim C, Evans MD, Mathur SK. Identification of Food Sensitivity in Adult Eosinophilic Esophagitis Patients Lacks Clinical Utility. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kumar N, Kumar P, Singh Y, Mathur SK. Thrombophlebitis of pinna a rare condition: Role of heparin spray. Anesth Essays Res 2016; 10:686-687. [PMID: 27746576 PMCID: PMC5062229 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.191123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ahmad M, Wafai ZA, Mathur SK, Lodha S, Khan ZY, Bansal A. Evaluation of Glycemia Control Achieved by Glargine and Lispro Versus Detemir and Aspart Insulin Regimes in Type 2 Diabetics Undergoing Surgery. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2015; 9:58-61. [PMID: 26312079 PMCID: PMC4541298 DOI: 10.2174/1874192401509010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
There is paucity of scientific literature regarding the clinical outcome of long lasting basal insulin and rapid acting mealtime insulin regimes in surgical situations although employed in non-surgical situations. This study has evaluated the clinical outcome of two subcutaneous split-mixed Glargine+Lispro and Detemir+Aspart insulin regimes in type 2 diabetics undergoing surgery.
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Schwantes EA, Denlinger LC, Evans MD, Gern JE, Jarjour NN, Mathur SK. Severity of virus-induced asthma symptoms is inversely related to resolution IFN-λ expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:1656-9. [PMID: 25784275 PMCID: PMC4461513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Schwantes EA, Manthei DM, Denlinger LC, Evans MD, Gern JE, Jarjour NN, Mathur SK. Interferon gene expression in sputum cells correlates with the Asthma Index Score during virus-induced exacerbations. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 44:813-21. [PMID: 24450586 PMCID: PMC4037351 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background The majority of asthma exacerbations are related to viral respiratory infections. Some, but not all, previous studies have reported that low interferon responses in patients with asthma increase the risk for virus‐induced exacerbations. Objective We sought to determine the relationship between lower airway inflammatory biomarkers, specifically interferon gene expression, and the severity or presence of an exacerbation in asthmatics experiencing a naturally occurring viral infection. Methods Sputum samples were analysed from subjects in an asthma exacerbation study who experienced a confirmed viral infection. Subjects were monitored for daily symptoms, medication use and peak expiratory flow rate until baseline. Sputum samples were assessed for cell counts and gene expression. Results Interferon gamma expression was significantly greater in patients with asthma exacerbations compared to non‐exacerbating patients (P = 0.002). IFN‐α1, IFN‐β1 and IFN‐γ mRNA levels correlated with the peak Asthma Index (r = 0.58, P < 0.001; r = 0.57, P = 0.001; and r = 0.51, P = 0.004, respectively). Additionally, IL‐13, IL‐10 and eosinophil major basic protein mRNA levels were greater in patients with asthma exacerbations compared to non‐exacerbating patients (P = 0.03, P = 0.06 and P = 0.02, respectively), and IL‐13 mRNA correlated with the peak Asthma Index (P = 0.006). Conclusions Our findings indicate that asthma exacerbations are associated with increased rather than decreased expression of interferons early in the course of infection. These findings raise the possibility that excessive virus‐induced interferon production during acute infections can contribute to airway inflammation and exacerbations of asthma.
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Manthei DM, Schwantes EA, Mathur SK, Guadarrama AG, Kelly EA, Gern JE, Jarjour NN, Denlinger LC. Nasal lavage VEGF and TNF-α levels during a natural cold predict asthma exacerbations. Clin Exp Allergy 2014; 44:1484-93. [PMID: 25109477 PMCID: PMC4247169 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma exacerbations contribute to significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization. Furthermore, viral infections are associated with asthma exacerbations by mechanisms that are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this analysis was to determine whether cytokine patterns in patients with colds could identify risks for subsequent asthma exacerbations. METHODS We analysed cytokine levels in nasal lavage fluid (NLF) in 59 subjects (46 with asthma) with acute upper respiratory symptoms and after symptomatic resolution. Analyte choice was based on potential relevance to asthma exacerbations: antiviral (IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IFN-λ1, IP-10, TRAIL), cell recruiting (G-CSF, IL-1β, IL-8, MCP-1, MCP-3, TNF-α), polarizing (CXCL13, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, TSLP), and injury remodelling (fibronectin, IL-33, MMP-9, VEGF). RESULTS The overall cytokine response induced during viral infections was not different between asthmatic and non-asthmatic individuals for a wide array of cytokines. However, mean levels of VEGF, TNF-α and IL-1β were 1.7-, 5.1- and 4.7-fold higher in samples from asthma subjects who exacerbated in the first 3 weeks of the cold compared with those who did not exacerbate (P = 0.006, 0.01, 0.048, respectively). Using receiver operating characteristic curve-defined thresholds, high VEGF and TNF-α levels predicted a shorter time-to-exacerbation after NLF sampling (25% exacerbation rate: 3 vs. 45 days, and 3 vs. 26 days; P = 0.03, 0.04, respectively). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although they produce similar cytokine responses to viral infection as non-asthmatics, asthmatics with higher levels of VEGF and TNF-α in NLF obtained during acute cold phases predicted subsequent asthma exacerbations in this cohort of patients with mild-to-moderate disease. In the future, stratifying the risk of an asthma exacerbation by cytokine profile may aid the targeting of personalized treatment and intervention strategies.
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Mathur SK, Jain P, Batra A, Sen R. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva: A rare entity. Indian J Cancer 2014; 51:469. [PMID: 26842165 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.175329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
Recent studies on asthma have demonstrated multiple phenotypes, based on the clinical characteristics of the disease. With the current interest in personalized medicine, the question arises whether the presence of allergic sensitization has any relevance for these phenotypes and the management of asthma. This review will examine the current knowledge of asthma phenotypes and the impact of atopy on asthma diagnosis and severity in adults. In addition, this review will address whether therapies targeted at the atopic axis help improve asthma outcomes, including lung function indices and exacerbations.
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Biagtan M, Babler B, Kakumanu S, Mathur SK. Effect Of Penicillin Allergy On Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions At VA Hospital. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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