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Gaito S, Hwang E, France A, Whitfield G, Pan S, Price G, Aznar M, Crellin A, Indelicato D, Smith E. MO-0883 Proton Beam Therapy for Central Nervous System tumours: outcomes from the Proton Overseas Programme. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kannikanti D, Charlwood F, Clarke M, Colaco R, Pan S, Saunders D, Sitch P, Thorp N, Whitfield G, Rasool M. PO-1161 Protons in posterior fossa ependymoma- a dosimetric comparison with photons. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)03125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pan S, Sitch P, Gaito S, McPartlin A, Sashidaran S, Smith E, Whitfield G, Abravan A. PD-0076 Predictive factors of severe radiation-induced lymphopenia in proton-treated patients. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02746-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abravan A, Sitch P, van Herk M, Gaito S, McPartlin A, Sashidaran S, Smith E, Whitfield G, Pan S. PD-0164 Proton therapy reduces the incidence of severe lymphopenia compared with photon. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02769-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zheng W, Guo J, Lu X, Liu D, Pan S, Liu Z. POS-357 CAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN MEDIATES PODOCYTE INJURY IN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY BY TARGETING LNCRNA DLX6-AS1. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Wong LY, Lau SY, Pan S, Lam MK. 3D graphene-based adsorbents: Synthesis, proportional analysis and potential applications in oil elimination. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132129. [PMID: 34509009 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The suitability and efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) graphene, including its derivatives, have garnered widespread attention towards the development of novel, sustainable materials with ecological amenability. This is especially relevant towards its utilization as adsorbents of wastewater contaminants, such as heavy metals, dyes, and oil, which could be majorly attributed to its noteworthy physicochemical features, particularly elevated chemical and mechanical robustness, advanced permeability, as well as large specific surface area. In this review, we emphasize on the adsorptive elimination of oil particles from contaminated water. Specifically, we assess and collate recent literature on the conceptualization and designing stages of 3D graphene-based adsorbents (3DGBAs) towards oil adsorption, including their applications in either batch or continuous modes. In addition, we analytically evaluate the adsorption mechanism, including sorption sites, physical properties, surface chemistry of 3DGBA and interactions between the adsorbent and adsorbate involving the adsorptive removal of oil, as well as numerous effects of adsorption conditions on the adsorption performance, i.e. pH, temperature, initial concentration of oil contaminants and adsorbent dosage. Furthermore, we focus on the equilibrium isotherms and kinetic studies, in order to comprehend the oil elimination procedures. Lastly, we designate encouraging avenues and recommendations for a perpetual research thrust, and outline the associated future prospects and perspectives.
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Jeevanandam J, Krishnan S, Hii YS, Pan S, Chan YS, Acquah C, Danquah MK, Rodrigues J. Synthesis approach-dependent antiviral properties of silver nanoparticles and nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF NANOSTRUCTURE IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 12:809-831. [PMID: 35070207 PMCID: PMC8760111 DOI: 10.1007/s40097-021-00465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous viral infections are common among humans, and some can lead to death. Even though conventional antiviral agents are beneficial in eliminating viral infections, they may lead to side effects or physiological toxicity. Silver nanoparticles and nanocomposites have been demonstrated to possess inhibitory properties against several pathogenic microbes, including archaea, bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. Its pronounced antimicrobial activity against various microbe-mediated diseases potentiates its use in combating viral infections. Notably, the appropriated selection of the synthesis method to fabricate silver nanoparticles is a major factor for consideration as it directly impacts antiviral efficacy, level of toxicity, scalability, and environmental sustainability. Thus, this article presents and discusses various synthesis approaches to produce silver nanoparticles and nanocomposites, providing technological insights into selecting approaches to generate antiviral silver-based nanoparticles. The antiviral mechanism of various formulations of silver nanoparticles and the evaluation of its propensity to combat specific viral infections as a potential antiviral agent are also discussed.
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Wu Y, Chen M, Huang M, Liao G, Tang S, Zheng H, Li Y, Peng B, Zheng X, Pan S, Hou J, Chen B. [Value of purple sign for predicting rebleeding events in cirrhotic patients following endoscopic selective varices devascularization]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1822-1827. [PMID: 35012914 PMCID: PMC8752418 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.12.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of the purple sign for predicting long-term rebleeding events in cirrhotic patients following endoscopic selective varices devascularization. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 97 patients with liver cirrhosis, who had a history of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding and underwent endoscopic selective varices devascularization. Thirty-two of the patients showed purple sign after endoscopic treatment. We used propensity score matching (PSM) to minimize the selection bias of the patients (purple sign vs no purple sign) and reduce the intergroup differences of clinical characteristics. The primary outcome measure of this study was cumulative rebleeding events after endoscopic selective varices devascularization. RESULTS The 1-year rebleeding rate (27.0% vs 36.7%) or 6-month rebleeding rate (10.9% vs 26.9%) following endoscopic treatment was not significantly different between the purple sign group and no purple sign group before PSM (P=0.2385). But after PSM, the 1-year rebleeding rate (28.2% vs 56.4%) and 6-month rebleeding rate (5.0% vs 37.0%) were significantly lower in the purple sign group than in the no purple sign group (P=0.0304). CONCLUSIONS The presence of purple sign indicates a lower risk of rebleeding after endoscopic treatment of cirrhotic gastroesophageal varices and a potentially favorable treatment response after endoscopic therapy, thus providing a clinical indicator for stratification of the patients for sequential endoscopic sessions.
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Pan S, Goudoulas TB, Jeevanandam J, Tan KX, Chowdhury S, Danquah MK. Therapeutic Applications of Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Dermato-Cosmetic Perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:724499. [PMID: 34490229 PMCID: PMC8417693 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.724499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Invention of novel nanomaterials guaranteeing enhanced biomedical performance in diagnostics and therapeutics, is a perpetual initiative. In this regard, the upsurge and widespread usage of nanoparticles is a ubiquitous phenomenon, focusing predominantly on the application of submicroscopic (< 100 nm) particles. While this is facilitated attributing to their wide range of benefits, a major challenge is to create and maintain a balance, by alleviating the associated toxicity levels. In this minireview, we collate and discuss particularly recent advancements in therapeutic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in skin and cosmetic applications. On the one hand, we outline the dermatological intrusions, including applications in wound healing. On the other hand, we keep track of the recent trends in the development of cosmeceuticals via nanoparticle engrossments. The dermato-cosmetic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles encompass diverse aspects, including targeted, controlled drug release, and conferring ultraviolet and antimicrobial protections to the skin. Additionally, we deliberate on the critical aspects in comprehending the advantage of rheological assessments, while characterizing the nanoparticulate systems. As an illustration, we single out psoriasis, to capture and comment on the nanodermatology-based curative standpoints. Finally, we lay a broad outlook and examine the imminent prospects.
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Wang W, Guo S, Gao Y, Liang X, Liu L, Pan S. Comparative immunogenicity of outer membrane protein K and whole-cell antigens of Vibrio parahaemolyticus for diagnosis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:460-470. [PMID: 34231245 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The immunogenicity of soluble outer membrane protein K (OmpK)- small ubiquitin-like modifier, OmpK inclusion bodies, formalin, and heat-killed Vibrio parahaemolyticus cells were prepared and studied in a mouse model. The results of whole-cell ELISA and Western blot (WB) revealed that the serum against soluble OmpK and OmpK inclusion bodies reacted only with homologous V. parahaemolyticus. Furthermore, recombinant OmpK proteins were not recognized by the serum against whole-cell V. parahaemolyticus antigens. Unexpectedly, the serum against formalin and heat-killed V. parahaemolyticus reacted broadly with homologous (an immunization strain) and heterologous (non-immunization strains) V. parahaemolyticus and Vibrio species. The WB results revealed that the serum against the two V. parahaemolyticus whole-cell antigens primarily reacted with proteins that were approximately 100, 70, 36, 28, and 22 kDa in the cell lysates from different Vibrio strains, rather than the recombinant OmpK. The 70 and 28 kDa proteins exhibited specificity to Vibrio species, while the 22 kDa protein was more specific to V. parahaemolyticus. This study showed the limitation of recombinant OmpK to prepare diagnostic antibodies and revealed several specific Omps of Vibrio sp. and V. parahaemolyticus that were promising in diagnosis and vaccine development.
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Dzuvor CKO, Pan S, Amanze C, Amuzu P, Asakiya C, Kubi F. Bioactive components from Moringa oleifera seeds: production, functionalities and applications - a critical review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:271-293. [PMID: 34151645 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1931804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A readily distinguishable and indigenous member of the plant kingdom in the Indian subcontinent is the 'drumstick tree', i.e. Moringa oleifera Lam. In addition to India, this drought-tolerant and rapidly evolving tree is currently extensively disseminated across the globe, including subtropical and tropical areas. The plant boasts a high nutritional, nutraceutical and therapeutic profile, mainly attributing to its significant repertoire of the biologically active components in different parts: protein, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic acids, tannin, isothiocyanate, lipids, minerals, vitamins, amongst others. M. oleifera seeds have been shown to elicit a myriad of pharmacological potential and health benefits, including: antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. Additionally, the seed cakes obtained from post-extraction process are utilized for: coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation purposes, benefiting effluent management and the purification of water, mainly because of their capability in eliminating microbes and organic matter. Despite the extraordinary focus on other parts of the plant, especially the foliage, the beneficial aspects of the seeds have not been sufficiently highlighted. The health benefits of bioactive components in the seeds are promising and demonstrate enough potential to facilitate the development of functional foods. In this review, we present a critical account of the types, characteristics, production and isolation of bioactive components from M. oleifera seeds. Furthermore, we appraise the: pharmacological activities, cosmetic, biodiesel, lubricative, modern farming, nutritive and wastewater treatment applications of these functional ingredients. We infer that there is a need for further human/clinical studies and evaluation, despite their health benefits. Additionally, the safety issues need to be adequately clarified and assessed, in order to establish a conventional therapeutic profile.
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Malhotra D, Pan S, Rüther L, Schlippe G, Voss W, Germann N. Polysaccharide-based skin scaffolds with enhanced mechanical compatibility with native human skin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 122:104607. [PMID: 34198231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a custom-made technique to synthesize process-convenient skin scaffolds by tuning the mechanical properties of hydrogels based on a few naturally occurring polysaccharides to match the rheological properties of previously established benchmarks, i.e., the ex vivo native human skins. We studied the mechanical parameters using oscillatory shear rheology. At small strain amplitudes, the intrinsic elastic modulus showed an almost linear dependence in the middle and a changing rate profile at the two ends with concentration of the principal hydrogel component variant, i.e., kappa (κ)-carrageenan. At large strain amplitudes, the hydrogels demonstrated intercycle strain-softening behavior, the onset of which was directly proportional to the κ-carrageenan concentration. We observed a concentration match for the intrinsic elastic modulus of the benchmark within this sigmoidal curve fit. Contextually, we need to explore other potent polymeric hydrogel systems to achieve mechanical affinity in terms of multiple rheological parameters derived from both strain amplitude and angular frequency sweeps. Additionally, we carried out diffusion experiments to study caffeine permeation attributes. The hydrogels show improved barrier features with increasing κ-carrageenan concentration. In terms of the penetration flux and total cumulative amount of permeated caffeine, this enhanced mechanical adherence demonstrates comparable penetration features with the commercial 3D skin model.
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Liu T, Wang Y, Yin X, Liang X, Chen Y, Pan S, Chen Z, Geng X. Three-dimensional vectorcardiographic characteristics of breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Patients receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer (BC) may develop cardiac electrophysiological abnormalities. The aim of this study is to examined possible alterations in cardiac electrophysiological parameters detected by three-dimensional vectorcardiograms (3D-VCGs) in BC patients who received chemotherapy.
Methods
This was a prospective single-center cohort study conducted. Patients with BC referred for chemotherapy from May 1, 2019, to October 1, 2019 were invited to participate in the study. 3D-VCG and echocardiography were recorded at rest four times (baseline, after the first cycle, after third cycles and at the end of the regimen, respectively).
Results
A total of 63 patients were included. Compared with baseline, decreases in 3-dimensional maximum T vector magnitude (TVM) (0.29 ± 0.10 vs. 0.25 ± 0.10mV; p < 0.05) and 3-dimensional T/QRS ratio (0.26 ± 0.11 vs. 0.21 ± 0.11; p < 0.05) were observed by the end of chemotherapy regimen, while echocardiographic parameters showed no significant variation before and after chemotherapy (all P > 0.05). Maximum TVM showed a significant positive correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the cut-off value with 0.23 of 3-dimensional T/QRS ratio (the area under the curve [AUC] 0.725) for differentiating LVEF reduction ≥10% following initiation of chemotherapy. The AUC of the front plane T/QRS ratio and horizontal plane T/QRS ratio for the detection of an LVEF reduction ≥10% was 0.725 and 0.763, respectively.
Conclusions
3D-VCGs can be used to detect electrophysiological abnormalities in BC patients receiving chemotherapy. Subclinical cardiac dysfunction can be revealed by 3D-VCGs before alterations in traditional echocardiographic parameters.
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Ohira S, Spielvogel D, Gass A, Lanier G, Aggarwal-Gupta C, Levine A, Pan S, Abraham B, Austin-Matison C, McCrink K, Jenning E, Spencer P, Kai M. Early Outcomes of Direct Heart Transplant Off Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support after New Heart Allocation Policy: Analysis Based on Etiology of Cardiomyopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Ohira S, Spielvogel D, Gass A, Levine A, Aggarwal-Gupta C, Pan S, Lanier G, Abraham B, Austin-Mattison C, Jenning E, McCrink K, Spencer P, Kai M. Direct Advanced Therapy Off Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support: Impact of New Heart Allocation Policy on Early Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Pan S, Sivanathan S, Kiepe G, Kiepe T, Germann N. Candidate Formulations for a Sustainable Lipstick Supplemented with Vitamin D3: Effects of Wax Type and Concentration on Material Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Huang K, Pan S. Incidence and outcome of refeeding syndrome in neurocritically ill patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zhang H, Cao X, Wang D, Xin H, Liu Z, Yan J, Feng B, Quan Z, Du Y, Liu J, Guan L, Shen F, Guan X, Jin Q, Pan S, Gao L. The acquisition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in village doctors in China: a prospective study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 24:1241-1246. [PMID: 33317666 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Occupational exposure-related risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection has been reported for village doctors in China. This prospective study aims to estimate the infection acquisition in this key population.METHODS: At baseline, all village doctors registered in Zhongmu County were tested by QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) and QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) in parallel. Those negatives for either of the tests were retested to identify conversions at the 2-year follow-up investigation.RESULTS: A total of 367 eligible participants completed the 2-year follow-up survey with frequency of conversion of 5.0% (18/361) for QFT and 6.1% (21/343) for QFT-Plus. The agreement of follow-up results between the tests was 93.2% with a κ coefficient of 0.43 (95%CI 0.20-0.65). Among QFT-Plus convertors, the difference between TB1 and TB2 tubes (TB2-TB1) was significantly increased as compared with baseline results (P = 0.039). Participants from the villages with occurrence of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB showed higher frequency of QFT conversions (11.0% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.011) and QFT-Plus conversions (12.3% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.027) than those from the villages without occurrence.CONCLUSION: Our results consistently suggest that capability on occupational protection and M. tuberculosis infection control should be improved in village doctors in China.
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Rekawek P, Liu L, Getrajdman C, Brooks C, Pan S, Overbey J, Wagner B. Large-for-gestational age diagnosed during second-trimester anatomy ultrasound and association with gestational diabetes and large-for-gestational age at birth. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2020; 56:901-905. [PMID: 31763722 DOI: 10.1002/uog.21930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if large-for-gestational age (LGA) diagnosed during second-trimester ultrasound examination is associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and LGA at birth. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of all pregnant women who underwent a second-trimester anatomy ultrasound examination between 18 and 22 weeks at our institution from 2012 to 2017. Patients were included in the LGA group if estimated fetal weight and/or fetal abdominal circumference was ≥ 90th percentile for gestational age. Patients with a history of pre-GDM, multiple gestation, preterm delivery, use of betamethasone or fetal anomaly were excluded. The control group consisted of appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) pregnancies that were scanned at 18-22 weeks during the study period. AGA was defined as EFW > 10th percentile and ≤ 89th percentile. Prenatal and delivery records were reviewed and demographic and outcome variables were collected. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to assess the impact of LGA diagnosed in the second trimester on the development of GDM and LGA at birth (birth weight ≥ 90th percentile). RESULTS The study population included 756 patients with a LGA fetus and 756 with an AGA fetus on second-trimester ultrasound examination. In patients with a LGA fetus diagnosed during the second-trimester ultrasound examination, the incidence of GDM was 6.0% and the incidence of LGA at birth was 14.9%. Among patients with a LGA fetus in the second trimester, those who developed GDM or LGA at birth were significantly older and were more likely to be obese. Moreover, parity was associated with neonatal LGA (P = 0.0003) but not with GDM (P = 0.82). On multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, parity, change in gestational body mass index, obesity, ethnicity and neonatal sex, LGA diagnosed during the second trimester was associated significantly with GDM (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 2.54; 95% CI, 1.29-5.03; P = 0.007) and LGA at birth (aOR, 6.85; 95% CI, 3.60-13.05; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS LGA diagnosed during second-trimester ultrasound examination is associated with the development of GDM and LGA at birth, independent of known risk factors, and could be used to identify these women earlier for intervention. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Gaito S, Hwang E, Burnet N, Foden P, Howells C, Pan S, Whitfield G, Crellin A, Smith E. US-UK collaboration in Proton therapy: The Proton Overseas Program. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chowdhury S, Pan S. Graphene-Based Macromolecular Assemblies for Scavenging Heavy Metals. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:1065-1073. [PMID: 33117627 PMCID: PMC7582677 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of graphene or graphene oxide nanosheets into three-dimensional (3D) graphene-based macromolecular assemblies (GMAs), in the form of sponges, beads, fibres, films, and crumpled nanosheets, has greatly advanced their environmental remediation applications. This is attributed to the outstanding physicochemical characteristics and superlative mechanical features of 3D GMAs, including precise and physically linked permeable networks, enormous surface area, profound porosity, and high-class sturdiness, amongst others. In this review, the recent advancements towards the exploration of 3D GMAs as an exciting new class of high-performance adsorbents, for eliminating toxic heavy metal ions from both wastewater and freshwater, are systematically summarized and discussed, from both fundamental and applied perspectives. In particular, the numerous surface modification techniques that are actively pursued to enrich the metal adsorption capacity of 3D GMAs, are comprehensively examined. Additionally, associated challenges are pointed out and tactical research strategies and improvements are proposed, with an eye on the conceivable future.
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Wang W, Sang Y, Liu J, Liang X, Guo S, Liu L, Yuan Q, Xing C, Pan S, Wang L. Identification of novel monoclonal antibodies targeting the outer membrane protein C and lipopolysaccharides for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:1245-1258. [PMID: 32910517 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify and evaluate the application of two novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2G12 against outer membrane protein (Omp) C and mAb 12B1 targeting the O chain of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECO157). METHODS AND RESULTS The sensitivity and specificity of these two antibodies were evaluated with eight ECO157 strains and 68 untargeted strains. mAb 2G12 and 12B1 had no detectable binding with any of the non-O157 strains at 6·0 log10 CFU per ml, while its high specificity and affinity remained with all ECO157 strains. When a higher level (8·0 log10 CFU per ml) was tested, 2G12 and 12B1 did not react with 82·35 and 97·06% of the non-O157 strains respectively. Based on the pair of two antibodies, the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected 100% (8/8) of ECO157 strains and none of the non-ECO157 strains. The detection limit of ECO157 strains in pure culture were 4·2 ± 0·2 log10 CFU per ml. When the developed test was applied to artificially inoculated beef samples, the detection limit was 6·0 log10 CFU per gram without enrichment and 1·0 log10 CFU per gram after 12 h of enrichment. CONCLUSIONS The two novel antibodies identified in this study served as great candidates for the recovery, and detection of ECO157 from different environmental and food samples. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY ECO157-specific detection was improved by a combination of the novel OmpC mAb and LPS mAb with defined target antigen and good specificity.
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Mercieca S, Pan S, Belderbos J, Salem A, Tenant S, Aznar MC, Woolf D, Radhakrishna G, van Herk M. Impact of Peer Review in Reducing Uncertainty in the Definition of the Lung Target Volume Among Trainee Oncologists. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2020; 32:363-372. [PMID: 32033892 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the impact of peer review and contouring workshops on reducing uncertainty in target volume delineation for lung cancer radiotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from two lung cancer target volume delineation courses were analysed. In total, 22 trainees in clinical oncology working across different UK centres attended these courses with priori experience in lung cancer radiotherapy. The courses were made up of short presentations and contouring practice sessions. The participants were divided into two groups and asked to first individually delineate (IND) and then individually peer review (IPR) the contours of another participant. The contours were discussed with an expert panel consisting of two consultant clinical oncologists and a consultant radiologist. Contours were analysed quantitatively by measuring the volume and local distance standard deviation (localSD) from the reference expert consensus contour and qualitatively through visual analysis. Feedback from the participants was obtained using a questionnaire. RESULTS All participants applied minor editing to the contours during IPR, leading to a non-statistically significant reduction in the mean delineated volume (IND = 140.92 cm3, IPR = 125.26 cm3, P = 0.211). The overall interobserver variation was similar, with a localSD of 0.33 cm and 0.38 cm for the IND and IPR, respectively (P = 0.848). Six participants (29%) carried out correct major changes by either including tumour or excluding healthy tissue. One participant (5%) carried out an incorrect edit by excluding parts of the tumour, while another observer failed to identify a major contour error. The participants' level of confidence in target volume delineation increased following the course and identified the discussions with the radiologist and colleagues as the most important highlights of the course. CONCLUSION IPR could improve target volume delineation quality among trainee oncologists by identifying most major contour errors. However, errors were also introduced after IPR, suggesting the need to further discuss major changes with a multidisciplinary team.
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Abstract
Vesicle structures primarily embody spherical capsules composed of a single or multiple bilayers, entrapping a pool of aqueous solution in their interior. The bilayers can be synthesised by phospholipids or other amphiphiles (surfactants, block copolymers, etc.). Vesicles with broad-spectrum applications in numerous scientific disciplines, including biochemistry, biophysics, biology, and various pharmaceutical industries, have attracted widespread attention. Consequently, a multitude of protocols have been devised and proposed for their fabrication. In this review, with a motivation to derive the basic conditions for the formation of vesicles, the associated thermodynamic and kinetic aspects are comprehensively appraised. Contextually, an all-purpose overview of the underlying thermodynamics of bilayer/membrane generation and deformation, including the chemical potential of aggregates, geometric packing and the concept of elastic properties, is presented. Additionally, the current review highlights the probable, inherent mechanisms of vesicle formation under distinct modes of manufacturing. We lay focus on vesicle formation from pre-existing bilayers, as well as from bilayers, which form when lipids from an organic solvent are transferred into an aqueous medium. Furthermore, we outline the kinetic effects on vesicle formation from the lamellar phase, with and without the presence of shearing force. Wherever required, the experimental and/or theoretical outcomes, the driving forces for vesicle size selection, and various scaling laws are also reviewed, all of which facilitate an overall improved understanding of the vesicle formation mechanisms.
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Xin H, Cao X, Zhang H, Liu J, Pan S, Li X, Guan L, Shen F, Liu Z, Wang D, Guan X, Yan J, Li H, Feng B, Zhang M, Yang Q, Jin Q, Gao L. Dynamic changes of interferon gamma release assay results with latent tuberculosis infection treatment. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1555.e1-1555.e7. [PMID: 32062048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT) for monitoring tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection treatment effect is controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the dynamic changes of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels along with latent TB infection treatment via a randomized controlled study. METHODS A total of 910 participants treated with 8 weeks of once-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid (group A), 890 treated with 6 weeks of twice-weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid (group B) and 818 untreated controls (group C) were followed for 2 years to track active TB development. QFT-GIT tests were repeated three times for all groups: before treatment (T0), at completion of treatment (T1) and 3 months after completion of treatment (T2). RESULTS Similar rates of persistent QFT-GIT reversion were observed in groups A (19.0%, 173/910), B (18.5%, 165/890) and C (20.7%, 169/818) (p 0.512). The dynamic changes of IFN-γ levels were not statistically significant among the three groups. In treated participants, individuals with higher baseline IFN-γ levels showed increased TB occurrence (1.0%, 9/896) compared to those with lower baseline levels (0.2%, 2/904) (p 0.037). A similar but statistically insignificant trend was also observed in untreated controls (1.8% (7/400) vs. 0.5% (2/418), p 0.100). When TB cases were matched with non-TB cases on baseline IFN-γ levels, no significant differences were found with respect to the dynamic changes in IFN-γ levels with time, regardless of whether they received treatment. CONCLUSIONS QFT-GIT reversion or decreased IFN-γ levels should not be used for monitoring host response to latent TB infection treatment.
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